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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         25th December 2013
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  32 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
  33 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
  34 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
  35 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
  36 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
  37 George</a>.</p>
  38
  39 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
  40
  41 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
  42
  43 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
  44 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
  45 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
  46 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
  47 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
  48 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
  49
  50 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
  51 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
  52 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
  53 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
  54 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
  55 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
  56 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
  57 to help building another school's informational education concept from
  58 scratch.</p>
  59
  60 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
  61 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
  62 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
  63
  64 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
  65 and cycling.</p>
  66
  67 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
  68 project?</strong></p>
  69
  70 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
  71 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
  72 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
  73 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
  74 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
  75 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
  76
  77 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
  78 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
  79 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
  80 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
  81 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
  82 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
  83 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
  84 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
  85 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
  86
  87 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
  88 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
  89 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
  90 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
  91
  92 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  93 Edu?</strong></p>
  94
  95 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
  96 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
  97 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
  98 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
  99 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 100 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 101 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 102 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 103 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 104 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 105 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 106 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 107 that it rocks!</p>
 108
 109 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 110 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 111 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 112 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 113 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 114 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 115 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 116
 117 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 118 Edu?</strong></p>
 119
 120 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 121 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 122 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 123 can list a few points about that:</p>
 124
 125 <ul>
 126
 127  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 128  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 129  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 130
 131 </ul>
 132
 133 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 134
 135 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 136
 137 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 138 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 139 year.</p>
 140
 141 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 142 run text tools. I use
 143 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 144 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 145 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 146 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 147 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 148 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 149 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 150 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 151 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 152 e-mail.</p>
 153
 154 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 155 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 156 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 157 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 158 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 159 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 160 Facebook now ;).</p>
 161
 162 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 163 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 164
 165 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 166 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 167
 168 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 169 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 170 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 171 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 172 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 173 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 174 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 175 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 176 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 177 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 178 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 179 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 180 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 181 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 182 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 183 plain criminal.</p>
 184
 185 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 186 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 187 founded an association named
 188 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 189 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 190 area of free and open source software, for example the
 191 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 192 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 193 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 194 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 195 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 196 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 197 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 198 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 199
 200 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 201 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 202 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 203 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 204 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 205 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 206 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 207 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 208 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 209 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 210 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 211 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 212
 213 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 214 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 215 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 216 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 217
 218 <!--
 219
 220 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 221
 222 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 223 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 224
 225  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 226    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 227    of the decision makers above;
 228  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 229    knowledge about free software
 230
 231 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 232
 233 -->
 234
 235       </div>
 236       <div class="tags">
 237
 238
 239         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 240
 241
 242       </div>
 243     </div>
 244     <div class="padding"></div>
 245
 246     <div class="entry">
 247       <div class="title">
 248         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
 249       </div>
 250       <div class="date">
 251          6th December 2013
 252       </div>
 253       <div class="body">
 254         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 255 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 256 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 257 had a new school administrator show up on
 258 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 259 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 260 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 261 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 262 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 263
 264 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 265
 266 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 267 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 268 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 269 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 270
 271 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 272 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 273 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 274 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
 275 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
 276 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
 277 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
 278 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
 279 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
 280
 281 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 282 project?</strong></p>
 283
 284 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
 285 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
 286 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
 287 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
 288
 289 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 290 Edu?</strong></p>
 291
 292 <ul>
 293   <li>Quick installation,</li>
 294   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
 295   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
 296   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
 297     single company,</li>
 298   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
 299     experience and problem solutions.</li>
 300 </ul>
 301
 302 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 303 Edu?</strong></p>
 304
 305 <ul>
 306   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
 307   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
 308   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
 309   working again reliably.
 310
 311   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
 312   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
 313   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
 314   as their base.
 315
 316   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
 317   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
 318   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
 319   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
 320   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
 321   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
 322
 323   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
 324   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
 325   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
 326   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
 327   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
 328   schemes.</li>
 329
 330   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
 331   compared to Debian.</li>
 332
 333 </ul>
 334
 335 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
 336 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
 337 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
 338 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
 339
 340 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 341
 342 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
 343 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
 344 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
 345 programming languages for teaching.</p>
 346
 347 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 348 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 349
 350 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
 351
 352 <ul>
 353
 354   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
 355     teaching and learning.</li>
 356
 357   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
 358     home, and at their working place without running into license or
 359     conversion problems.</li>
 360
 361   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
 362     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
 363     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
 364     science, not products.</li>
 365
 366   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
 367     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
 368
 369 </ul>
 370
 371       </div>
 372       <div class="tags">
 373
 374
 375         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 376
 377
 378       </div>
 379     </div>
 380     <div class="padding"></div>
 381
 382     <div class="entry">
 383       <div class="title">
 384         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
 385       </div>
 386       <div class="date">
 387          8th October 2013
 388       </div>
 389       <div class="body">
 390         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
 391 Salvador had published a
 392 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
 393 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
 394 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
 395 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
 396 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
 397 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
 398 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
 399 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
 400 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
 401 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
 402 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
 403 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
 404 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
 405 computers without hard drives by installing one central
 406 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
 407
 408 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
 409
 410 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 411
 412 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
 413 me know. :)</p>
 414
 415       </div>
 416       <div class="tags">
 417
 418
 419         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 420
 421
 422       </div>
 423     </div>
 424     <div class="padding"></div>
 425
 426     <div class="entry">
 427       <div class="title">
 428         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
 429       </div>
 430       <div class="date">
 431         29th September 2013
 432       </div>
 433       <div class="body">
 434         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
 435 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
 436 complete announcement text can be found at
 437 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
 438 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
 439
 440 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
 441 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
 442 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
 443 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
 444
 445       </div>
 446       <div class="tags">
 447
 448
 449         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 450
 451
 452       </div>
 453     </div>
 454     <div class="padding"></div>
 455
 456     <div class="entry">
 457       <div class="title">
 458         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
 459       </div>
 460       <div class="date">
 461         16th September 2013
 462       </div>
 463       <div class="body">
 464         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 465 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
 466
 467 <blockquote>
 468 <p>Hi,</p>
 469
 470 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
 471 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 472 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
 473
 474 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
 475 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
 476 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
 477 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
 478
 479 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
 480 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
 481
 482 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
 483 compared to beta1:</p>
 484
 485 <ul>
 486
 487 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
 488 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
 489 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
 490 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
 491 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
 492 main server.</li>
 493 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
 494 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
 495 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
 496 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
 497 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
 498
 499 </ul>
 500
 501 <p>Where to get it:</p>
 502
 503 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 504
 505 <ul>
 506 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
 507 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
 508 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
 509 </ul>
 510
 511 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
 512
 513 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
 514 <ul>
 515 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
 516 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
 517 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
 518 </ul>
 519
 520 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
 521
 522 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
 523 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
 524 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
 525 as the other isos.</p>
 526
 527 <p>How to report bugs</p>
 528
 529 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
 530 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 531
 532
 533 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
 534
 535 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
 536 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 537 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 538 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 539 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 540 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 541 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 542 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 543 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 544 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 545 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 546 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 547 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 548
 549 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 550 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 551 Squeeze release.</p>
 552
 553 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
 554
 555 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 556 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 557 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 558 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 559 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
 560 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
 561 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
 562 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
 563 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
 564 directory.</p>
 565
 566
 567 <p>cheers,
 568 <br>        Holger</p>
 569 </blockquote>
 570
 571       </div>
 572       <div class="tags">
 573
 574
 575         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 576
 577
 578       </div>
 579     </div>
 580     <div class="padding"></div>
 581
 582     <div class="entry">
 583       <div class="title">
 584         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 585       </div>
 586       <div class="date">
 587         22nd August 2013
 588       </div>
 589       <div class="body">
 590         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 591 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
 592 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
 593
 594 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
 595
 596 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 597 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 598
 599 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 600
 601 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 602 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 603 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 604 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 605 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 606 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 607 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 608 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
 609 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 610 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 611 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 612 desktop contains
 613 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 614 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 615 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 616 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 617
 618 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
 619 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
 620 release.</p>
 621
 622 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 623 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 624 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 625 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 626 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
 627 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
 628 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
 629 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
 630 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
 631 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
 632 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
 633
 634 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 635
 636 <ul>
 637
 638 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
 639     work also without a attached tty.</li>
 640 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
 641     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
 642     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
 643     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
 644     required).</li>
 645
 646 </ul>
 647
 648 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 649
 650 <ul>
 651
 652 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
 653 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
 654 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
 655 stick ISO image.</li>
 656 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
 657 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
 658 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
 659     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
 660     cope with this.</li>
 661 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
 662 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
 663     empty password hashes.</li>
 664 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
 665     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
 666     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
 667
 668 </ul>
 669
 670 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 671
 672 <ul>
 673
 674 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 675     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 676 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
 677     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
 678
 679 </ul>
 680
 681 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 682
 683 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 684
 685 <ul>
 686
 687 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 688
 689 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 690
 691 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
 692
 693 </ul>
 694
 695 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
 696 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
 697
 698 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 699
 700 <ul>
 701
 702 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 703 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 704 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
 705
 706 </ul>
 707
 708 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
 709 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
 710
 711
 712 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 713
 714 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 715
 716       </div>
 717       <div class="tags">
 718
 719
 720         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 721
 722
 723       </div>
 724     </div>
 725     <div class="padding"></div>
 726
 727     <div class="entry">
 728       <div class="title">
 729         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 730       </div>
 731       <div class="date">
 732         27th July 2013
 733       </div>
 734       <div class="body">
 735         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 736 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 737
 738 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
 739 2013-07-27</strong></p>
 740
 741 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 742 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 743
 744 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 745
 746 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 747 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 748 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 749 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 750 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 751 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 752 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 753 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 754 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 755 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 756 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 757 desktop contains
 758 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 759 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 760 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 761 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 762
 763 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 764 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 765 Squeeze release.</p>
 766
 767 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 768 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 769 release.</p>
 770
 771 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 772
 773 <ul>
 774
 775 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
 776    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
 777 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
 778    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
 779    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
 780    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
 781    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
 782 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
 783 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
 784 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
 785    crash bugs.</li>
 786
 787 </ul>
 788
 789 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 790
 791 <ul>
 792
 793 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
 794    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
 795 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
 796    netinst CD.</li>
 797 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
 798    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
 799 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
 800    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
 801    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
 802 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
 803    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
 804    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
 805 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
 806    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
 807    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
 808 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
 809    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
 810 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
 811
 812 </ul>
 813
 814 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 815
 816 <ul>
 817
 818 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
 819 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 820     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 821 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
 822
 823 </ul>
 824
 825 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 826
 827 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 828
 829 <ul>
 830
 831 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 832
 833 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 834
 835 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
 836
 837 </ul>
 838
 839 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
 840 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
 841
 842 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 843
 844 <ul>
 845
 846 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 847 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 848 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
 849
 850 </ul>
 851
 852 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
 853 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
 854
 855
 856 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 857
 858 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 859
 860       </div>
 861       <div class="tags">
 862
 863
 864         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 865
 866
 867       </div>
 868     </div>
 869     <div class="padding"></div>
 870
 871     <div class="entry">
 872       <div class="title">
 873         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
 874       </div>
 875       <div class="date">
 876          9th July 2013
 877       </div>
 878       <div class="body">
 879         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
 880 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
 881 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
 882 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
 883 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 884 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
 885 Bitraf</a>.</p>
 886
 887 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
 888 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
 889 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
 890 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
 891 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
 892
 893       </div>
 894       <div class="tags">
 895
 896
 897         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 898
 899
 900       </div>
 901     </div>
 902     <div class="padding"></div>
 903
 904     <div class="entry">
 905       <div class="title">
 906         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 907       </div>
 908       <div class="date">
 909          3rd July 2013
 910       </div>
 911       <div class="body">
 912         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 913 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 914
 915 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
 916 2013-07-03</strong></p>
 917
 918 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 919 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 920
 921 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 922
 923 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 924 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 925 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 926 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 927 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 928 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 929 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 930 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 931 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 932 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 933 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 934 desktop contains
 935 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 936 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 937 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 938 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 939
 940 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 941 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 942 Squeeze release.</p>
 943
 944 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 945 <ul>
 946   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
 947   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
 948     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
 949     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
 950   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
 951     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
 952     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
 953   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
 954     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
 955     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
 956     too.</li>
 957   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
 958     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
 959 </ul>
 960 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 961 <ul>
 962   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
 963   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
 964   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
 965     up for some language options.</li>
 966   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
 967   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
 968   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
 969     d-i is doing it.</li>
 970   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
 971     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
 972   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
 973     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
 974     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
 975   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
 976     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
 977   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
 978   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
 979     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
 980   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
 981     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
 982 </ul>
 983 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 984 <ul>
 985   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 986     available yet (698840).</li>
 987   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
 988 </ul>
 989 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 990
 991 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 992 <ul>
 993   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 994   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 995   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
 996 </ul>
 997
 998 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
 999 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1000
1001 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1002 <ul>
1003   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1004   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1005   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1006 </ul>
1007
1008 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1009 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1010
1011 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1012
1013 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1014
1015       </div>
1016       <div class="tags">
1017
1018
1019         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1020
1021
1022       </div>
1023     </div>
1024     <div class="padding"></div>
1025
1026     <div class="entry">
1027       <div class="title">
1028         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1029       </div>
1030       <div class="date">
1031         22nd June 2013
1032       </div>
1033       <div class="body">
1034         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1035 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1036 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1037 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1038 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1039 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1040 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1041 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1042 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1043
1044 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1045 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1046 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1047 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1048 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1049 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1050 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1051 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1052 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1053 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1054 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1055 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1056 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1057 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1058
1059 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1060 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1061 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1062 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1063 the problem.</p>
1064
1065 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
1066 please join us on
1067 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1068 irc.debian.org</a> and the
1069 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
1070 list.</p>
1071
1072       </div>
1073       <div class="tags">
1074
1075
1076         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1077
1078
1079       </div>
1080     </div>
1081     <div class="padding"></div>
1082
1083     <div class="entry">
1084       <div class="title">
1085         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
1086       </div>
1087       <div class="date">
1088         17th June 2013
1089       </div>
1090       <div class="body">
1091         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
1092 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
1093 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
1094 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
1095 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
1096 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
1097 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
1098 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
1099
1100 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1101
1102 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
1103 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
1104 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
1105 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
1106 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
1107 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
1108 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
1109 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
1110 field.</p>
1111
1112 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
1113 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
1114 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
1115 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
1116 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
1117 the only one we have in our country.</p>
1118
1119 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1120 project?</strong></p>
1121
1122 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
1123 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
1124 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
1125 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
1126 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
1127 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
1128 ways to contribute.</p>
1129
1130 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
1131 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
1132 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
1133 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
1134 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
1135 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
1136 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
1137 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
1138 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
1139 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
1140
1141 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1142 Edu?</strong></p>
1143
1144 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
1145 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
1146 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
1147 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
1148 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
1149 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
1150 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
1151 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
1152
1153 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
1154 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
1155 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
1156 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
1157 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
1158 project.</p>
1159
1160 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1161 Edu?</strong></p>
1162
1163 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
1164 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
1165 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
1166 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
1167 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
1168 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
1169 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
1170 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
1171 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
1172
1173 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
1174 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
1175 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
1176 on.</p>
1177
1178 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1179
1180 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
1181 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
1182 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
1183 Enlightenment project a lot!),
1184 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
1185 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
1186 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
1187 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
1188 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
1189
1190 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1191 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1192
1193 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
1194 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
1195 that:</p>
1196
1197 <ul>
1198
1199 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
1200
1201 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
1202     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
1203     of teenagers more?</li>
1204
1205 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
1206     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
1207     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
1208     them!)</li>
1209
1210 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
1211     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
1212     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
1213
1214 </ul>
1215
1216 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
1217 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
1218 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
1219 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
1220 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
1221
1222       </div>
1223       <div class="tags">
1224
1225
1226         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1227
1228
1229       </div>
1230     </div>
1231     <div class="padding"></div>
1232
1233     <div class="entry">
1234       <div class="title">
1235         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
1236       </div>
1237       <div class="date">
1238         12th June 2013
1239       </div>
1240       <div class="body">
1241         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
1242 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1243 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
1244 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
1245 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
1246 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
1247
1248 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1249
1250 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
1251 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
1252 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
1253
1254 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
1255 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
1256 each other.</p>
1257
1258 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1259 project?</strong></p>
1260
1261 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
1262 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
1263 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
1264 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
1265 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
1266 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
1267 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
1268 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
1269 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
1270 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
1271 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
1272 we'll get there one day.</p>
1273
1274 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1275 Edu?</strong></p>
1276
1277 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
1278 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
1279 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
1280 very high quality work.</p>
1281
1282 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
1283 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
1284 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
1285 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
1286 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
1287
1288 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1289 Edu?</strong></p>
1290
1291 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
1292 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
1293 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
1294
1295 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
1296 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
1297 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
1298 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
1299 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
1300 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
1301 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
1302 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
1303 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
1304 currently.</p>
1305
1306 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
1307 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
1308 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
1309 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
1310 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
1311 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
1312 autonomous.</p>
1313
1314 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1315
1316 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
1317 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
1318 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
1319 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
1320 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
1321
1322 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
1323 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
1324 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
1325 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
1326 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
1327 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
1328 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
1329 X.</p>
1330
1331 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
1332 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
1333 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
1334 it :p)
1335
1336 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1337 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1338
1339 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
1340 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
1341 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
1342 that.</p>
1343
1344 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
1345 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
1346 advantage of that.</p>
1347
1348 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
1349 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
1350 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
1351 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
1352 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
1353 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
1354 best solution for them.</p>
1355
1356 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
1357 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
1358 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
1359
1360       </div>
1361       <div class="tags">
1362
1363
1364         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1365
1366
1367       </div>
1368     </div>
1369     <div class="padding"></div>
1370
1371     <div class="entry">
1372       <div class="title">
1373         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1374       </div>
1375       <div class="date">
1376         10th June 2013
1377       </div>
1378       <div class="body">
1379         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1380 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1381
1382 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
1383 2013-06-10</strong></p>
1384
1385 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
1386 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1387
1388 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1389
1390 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1391 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1392 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1393 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1394 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1395 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1396 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1397 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1398 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1399 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1400 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1401 desktop contains
1402 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1403 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1404 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1405 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1406
1407 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1408 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1409 Squeeze release.</p>
1410
1411 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1412
1413 <ul>
1414
1415 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
1416 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
1417 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
1418 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
1419 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
1420
1421 </ul>
1422
1423 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1424
1425 <ul>
1426
1427 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
1428 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
1429 <li>New Romanian translation.
1430 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
1431 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
1432 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
1433 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
1434 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
1435 <li>More testsuite tests.
1436 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
1437 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
1438
1439 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
1440 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
1441
1442 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
1443 them up with GOsa².</li>
1444
1445 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
1446
1447 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
1448 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
1449 entered password). </li>
1450
1451 </ul>
1452
1453 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1454
1455 <ul>
1456
1457 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
1458
1459 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1460 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
1461 missing import feature).</li>
1462
1463 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
1464
1465 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
1466 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
1467 unfixed.</li>
1468
1469 </ul>
1470
1471 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1472
1473 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1474
1475 <ul>
1476
1477 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
1478
1479 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
1480
1481 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
1482
1483 </ul>
1484
1485 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
1486 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
1487
1488 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1489
1490 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1491
1492       </div>
1493       <div class="tags">
1494
1495
1496         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1497
1498
1499       </div>
1500     </div>
1501     <div class="padding"></div>
1502
1503     <div class="entry">
1504       <div class="title">
1505         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
1506       </div>
1507       <div class="date">
1508          5th June 2013
1509       </div>
1510       <div class="body">
1511         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
1512 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
1513 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
1514 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
1515 the project:
1516
1517 <ol>
1518
1519 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
1520   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
1521   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
1522   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
1523   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
1524
1525 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
1526   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
1527   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
1528   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
1529   #698840</a>.</li>
1530
1531 </ol>
1532
1533 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
1534 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1535 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
1536
1537       </div>
1538       <div class="tags">
1539
1540
1541         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1542
1543
1544       </div>
1545     </div>
1546     <div class="padding"></div>
1547
1548     <div class="entry">
1549       <div class="title">
1550         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
1551       </div>
1552       <div class="date">
1553          4th June 2013
1554       </div>
1555       <div class="body">
1556         <p>It has been a while since my last English
1557 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1558 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
1559 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
1560 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
1561 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
1562
1563 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1564
1565 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
1566 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
1567 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
1568 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
1569
1570 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
1571 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
1572 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
1573
1574 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1575 project?</strong></p>
1576
1577 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
1578 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
1579 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
1580 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
1581 manual.
1582
1583 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
1584 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
1585 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
1586 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
1587
1588 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
1589 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
1590 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
1591 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
1592 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
1593 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
1594 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
1595 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
1596 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
1597 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
1598
1599 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
1600 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
1601 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
1602 beautiful project.</p>
1603
1604 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1605 Edu?</strong></p>
1606
1607 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
1608 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
1609 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
1610
1611 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
1612 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
1613 of educational free software.</p>
1614
1615 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1616 Edu?</strong></p>
1617
1618 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
1619 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
1620 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
1621 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
1622 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
1623
1624 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
1625 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
1626 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
1627 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
1628 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
1629 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
1630 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
1631 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
1632
1633 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1634
1635 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
1636 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
1637 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
1638 also using the mathematical software
1639 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
1640 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
1641 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
1642
1643 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
1644 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
1645 statistics?</strong></p>
1646
1647 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
1648 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
1649 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
1650 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
1651
1652 <ul>
1653
1654 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
1655 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
1656 constructions in planar geometry
1657
1658 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
1659 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
1660 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
1661
1662 </ul>
1663
1664 <p>I like also
1665 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
1666 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
1667 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
1668
1669 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1670 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1671
1672 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
1673
1674 <ul>
1675
1676 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
1677
1678 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
1679     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
1680     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
1681
1682 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
1683
1684 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
1685     system.</li>
1686
1687 </ul>
1688
1689       </div>
1690       <div class="tags">
1691
1692
1693         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1694
1695
1696       </div>
1697     </div>
1698     <div class="padding"></div>
1699
1700     <div class="entry">
1701       <div class="title">
1702         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
1703       </div>
1704       <div class="date">
1705          1st June 2013
1706       </div>
1707       <div class="body">
1708         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1709 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
1710 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
1711 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
1712 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
1713 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
1714 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
1715 program.</p>
1716
1717 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
1718
1719 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
1720 <p>
1721 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
1722 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1723 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
1724 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
1725 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1726 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
1727 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
1728 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
1729 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
1730 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
1731 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
1732 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
1733 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
1734 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
1735 </p>
1736
1737 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
1738 <p>
1739 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
1740 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
1741 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
1742 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
1743 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
1744 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1745 </p>
1746
1747 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
1748 <p>
1749 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1750 </p>
1751
1752 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
1753 <p>
1754 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
1755 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
1756 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
1757 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
1758 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
1759 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
1760 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
1761 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
1762 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1763 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
1764 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
1765 </p>
1766
1767 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
1768 <p>
1769 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1770 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
1771 </p>
1772
1773 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
1774 <p>
1775 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
1776 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
1777 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1778 </p>
1779
1780 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
1781 <p>
1782 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1783 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
1784 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
1785 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
1786 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
1787 </p>
1788
1789 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
1790 <p>
1791 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1792 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
1793 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1794 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
1795 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
1796 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
1797 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
1798 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
1799 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
1800 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
1801 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
1802 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
1803 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
1804 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
1805 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
1806 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
1807 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
1808 </p>
1809
1810 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
1811 <p>
1812 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1813 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
1814 </p>
1815
1816 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
1817 <p>
1818 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
1819 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
1820 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1821 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1822 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
1823 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
1824 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
1825 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
1826 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
1827 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
1828 </p>
1829
1830 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
1831 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
1832 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
1833 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
1834 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
1835 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
1836 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
1837
1838       </div>
1839       <div class="tags">
1840
1841
1842         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1843
1844
1845       </div>
1846     </div>
1847     <div class="padding"></div>
1848
1849     <div class="entry">
1850       <div class="title">
1851         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
1852       </div>
1853       <div class="date">
1854         24th May 2013
1855       </div>
1856       <div class="body">
1857         <p>En ting
1858 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
1859 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
1860 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
1861 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
1862 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
1863 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
1864 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
1865 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
1866 om et intervju.</p>
1867
1868 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1869
1870 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
1871 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
1872 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
1873 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
1874 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
1875 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
1876 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
1877 av store systemer.</p>
1878
1879 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1880
1881 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
1882 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
1883 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
1884 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
1885 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
1886 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
1887 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
1888 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
1889 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
1890 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
1891 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
1892 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
1893 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
1894 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
1895 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
1896 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
1897 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
1898 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
1899 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
1900 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
1901 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
1902 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
1903 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
1904 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
1905 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
1906 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
1907 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
1908 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
1909 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
1910 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
1911
1912 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
1913 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
1914 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
1915 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
1916 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
1917
1918 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
1919 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
1920 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
1921 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
1922 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
1923 dette.</p>
1924
1925 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1926
1927 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
1928 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
1929 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
1930 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
1931 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
1932 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
1933 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
1934 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
1935 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
1936 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
1937
1938 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1939
1940 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
1941 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
1942 like stor grad som for eksempel
1943 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
1944 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
1945 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
1946 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
1947 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
1948
1949 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
1950
1951 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
1952 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
1953 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
1954 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
1955 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
1956 scripts.</p>
1957
1958 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
1959 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
1960
1961 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
1962 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
1963 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
1964 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
1965 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
1966 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
1967 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
1968 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
1969 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
1970 betraktelig.</p>
1971
1972       </div>
1973       <div class="tags">
1974
1975
1976         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1977
1978
1979       </div>
1980     </div>
1981     <div class="padding"></div>
1982
1983     <div class="entry">
1984       <div class="title">
1985         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
1986       </div>
1987       <div class="date">
1988         17th May 2013
1989       </div>
1990       <div class="body">
1991         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
1992 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
1993 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
1994 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
1995 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
1996 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
1997 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
1998 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
1999 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2000 donate some money</a>.
2001
2002 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2003 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2004 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2005 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2006 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2007
2008 <p>The script,
2009 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2010 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2011 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2012 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2013
2014 <ol>
2015
2016 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2017 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2018 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2019     our configuration.</li>
2020 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2021     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2022     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2023     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2024 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2025     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2026 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2027
2028 </ol>
2029
2030 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2031 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2032 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2033 the needed packages.</p>
2034
2035 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2036 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2037 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2038 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2039 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2040 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2041
2042 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2043 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2044 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2045
2046 <p><pre>
2047 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2048 DESKTOP="lxde"
2049 </pre></p>
2050
2051 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2052 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2053 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2054 boot.</p>
2055
2056       </div>
2057       <div class="tags">
2058
2059
2060         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2061
2062
2063       </div>
2064     </div>
2065     <div class="padding"></div>
2066
2067     <div class="entry">
2068       <div class="title">
2069         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2070       </div>
2071       <div class="date">
2072         14th May 2013
2073       </div>
2074       <div class="body">
2075         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2076 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
2077 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2078
2079 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
2080 2013-05-14</strong></p>
2081
2082 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2083 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
2084 codename "Wheezy".</p>
2085
2086 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2087
2088 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2089 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2090 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
2091 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2092 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2093 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2094 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
2095 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
2096
2097 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2098 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2099 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2100
2101 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2102 <ul>
2103   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
2104     default.</li>
2105   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
2106   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
2107   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
2108     ibus-anthy.</li>
2109 </ul>
2110
2111 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2112 <ul>
2113
2114   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
2115     reliability improvements.</li>
2116   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
2117     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
2118   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
2119     problems.</li>
2120   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
2121     direct:// URL.</li>
2122   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
2123   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
2124   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
2125   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
2126     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
2127   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
2128     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
2129 </ul>
2130
2131 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2132 <ul>
2133
2134   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
2135     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
2136     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
2137   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
2138   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2139     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
2140   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
2141   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
2142   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
2143     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
2144   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
2145     password submission problem
2146     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
2147
2148 </ul>
2149
2150 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2151
2152 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2153 <ul>
2154
2155   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2156   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2157   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
2158
2159 </ul>
2160
2161 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
2162
2163 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
2164
2165 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2166
2167 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2168
2169       </div>
2170       <div class="tags">
2171
2172
2173         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2174
2175
2176       </div>
2177     </div>
2178     <div class="padding"></div>
2179
2180     <div class="entry">
2181       <div class="title">
2182         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
2183       </div>
2184       <div class="date">
2185         10th May 2013
2186       </div>
2187       <div class="body">
2188         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
2189 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
2190 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
2191 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
2192 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
2193 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
2194 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
2195 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
2196 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
2197 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
2198 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
2199 der jeg fant notatet som
2200 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
2201 2013/1023</a>.</p>
2202
2203 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
2204 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
2205 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
2206 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
2207 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
2208
2209       </div>
2210       <div class="tags">
2211
2212
2213         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2214
2215
2216       </div>
2217     </div>
2218     <div class="padding"></div>
2219
2220     <div class="entry">
2221       <div class="title">
2222         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
2223       </div>
2224       <div class="date">
2225          5th May 2013
2226       </div>
2227       <div class="body">
2228         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
2229 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
2230 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
2231 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
2232 soon.</p>
2233
2234 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
2235 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
2236 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
2237 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
2238 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
2239 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
2240 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
2241 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
2242 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
2243 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
2244 Edu.</a>
2245
2246 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
2247 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
2248 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
2249 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
2250 follow.<p>
2251
2252       </div>
2253       <div class="tags">
2254
2255
2256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2257
2258
2259       </div>
2260     </div>
2261     <div class="padding"></div>
2262
2263     <div class="entry">
2264       <div class="title">
2265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2266       </div>
2267       <div class="date">
2268         26th April 2013
2269       </div>
2270       <div class="body">
2271         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
2272 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
2273 announcement:</p>
2274
2275 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
2276 2013-04-26</strong></p>
2277
2278 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
2279 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2280
2281 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2282
2283 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2284 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2285 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2286 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
2287 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2288 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2289 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2290 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2291 installed via the network.</p>
2292
2293 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2294 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2295 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2296
2297 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2298
2299 <ul>
2300 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
2301   <ul>
2302      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
2303      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
2304          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
2305          manual.)</li>
2306      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
2307      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
2308      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
2309      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
2310      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
2311      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
2312      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
2313      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
2314      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
2315      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
2316      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
2317      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
2318          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
2319          manual</a> for more details.</li>
2320      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
2321          installation.</li>
2322      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
2323          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
2324   </ul></li>
2325 </ul>
2326
2327 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
2328 <ul>
2329 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
2330     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
2331     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
2332 </ul>
2333
2334 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
2335 <ul>
2336 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
2337     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
2338     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
2339 </ul>
2340
2341 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2342 <ul>
2343 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
2344     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
2345     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
2346 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
2347     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
2348     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
2349 </ul>
2350
2351 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
2352 <ul>
2353 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
2354     yet.</li>
2355 </ul>
2356
2357 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
2358
2359 <ul>
2360 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
2361     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
2362     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
2363 </ul>
2364
2365 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2366
2367 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
2368 <ul>
2369 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
2370 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
2371 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
2372 </ul>
2373
2374 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
2375
2376 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
2377
2378 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2379
2380 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2381
2382       </div>
2383       <div class="tags">
2384
2385
2386         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2387
2388
2389       </div>
2390     </div>
2391     <div class="padding"></div>
2392
2393     <div class="entry">
2394       <div class="title">
2395         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
2396       </div>
2397       <div class="date">
2398         16th April 2013
2399       </div>
2400       <div class="body">
2401         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
2402 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
2403 Details about the gathering can be found
2404 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
2405 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
2406 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
2407 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
2408 weekend.</p>
2409
2410 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
2411 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
2412 Edu release.</p>
2413
2414 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
2415
2416       </div>
2417       <div class="tags">
2418
2419
2420         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2421
2422
2423       </div>
2424     </div>
2425     <div class="padding"></div>
2426
2427     <div class="entry">
2428       <div class="title">
2429         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
2430       </div>
2431       <div class="date">
2432         17th March 2013
2433       </div>
2434       <div class="body">
2435         <p>Via
2436 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
2437 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
2438 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
2439 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
2440 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
2441 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
2442 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
2443
2444 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
2445 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
2446
2447 <blockquote>
2448 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
2449 </blockquote>
2450
2451 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
2452
2453 <blockquote>
2454 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
2455 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
2456 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
2457 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
2458 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
2459 </blockquote>
2460
2461 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
2462 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
2463 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
2464 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
2465
2466 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
2467 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
2468
2469 <blockquote>
2470 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
2471 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
2472 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
2473 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
2474 </blockquote>
2475
2476 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
2477 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
2478 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
2479 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
2480 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
2481
2482 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
2483 embedding:</p>
2484
2485 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
2486
2487       </div>
2488       <div class="tags">
2489
2490
2491         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
2492
2493
2494       </div>
2495     </div>
2496     <div class="padding"></div>
2497
2498     <div class="entry">
2499       <div class="title">
2500         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
2501       </div>
2502       <div class="date">
2503          8th March 2013
2504       </div>
2505       <div class="body">
2506         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
2507 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2508 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
2509 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
2510 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
2511 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
2512 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
2513
2514 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
2515
2516 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
2517 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
2518
2519 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
2520 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
2521 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
2522 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
2523 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
2524 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
2525
2526 <p>Images are available for download at
2527 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
2528
2529 <p>md5sums:
2530 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
2531 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
2532 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
2533
2534 <p>sha1sums:
2535 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
2536 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
2537 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
2538
2539 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
2540
2541 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
2542 2013-03-03:</p>
2543
2544 <ul>
2545   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
2546   <ul>
2547         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
2548         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
2549   </ul></li>
2550   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
2551   <ul>
2552         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
2553         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
2554   </ul></li>
2555   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
2556      <ul>
2557         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
2558         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
2559         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
2560                 Closes: #664596</li>
2561         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
2562                 Closes: #664976</li>
2563         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
2564            <ul>
2565                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
2566                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
2567            </ul></li>
2568         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
2569            <ul>
2570                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
2571                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
2572                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
2573                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
2574                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
2575            </ul></li>
2576         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
2577     </ul>
2578   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
2579     <ul>
2580         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
2581     </ul></li>
2582 </ul>
2583
2584 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
2585 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
2586 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
2587 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
2588
2589 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
2590 mailinglist
2591 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
2592 </p></blockquote>
2593
2594 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
2595
2596       </div>
2597       <div class="tags">
2598
2599
2600         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2601
2602
2603       </div>
2604     </div>
2605     <div class="padding"></div>
2606
2607     <div class="entry">
2608       <div class="title">
2609         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
2610       </div>
2611       <div class="date">
2612         22nd February 2013
2613       </div>
2614       <div class="body">
2615         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
2616 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
2617 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
2618 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
2619 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
2620
2621 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2622
2623 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
2624 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
2625 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
2626 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
2627 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
2628 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
2629 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
2630 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
2631 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
2632 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
2633 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
2634 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
2635 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
2636
2637 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2638
2639 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
2640 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
2641 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
2642 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
2643
2644 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2645
2646 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
2647 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
2648 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
2649 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
2650 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
2651 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
2652 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
2653 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
2654
2655 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2656
2657 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
2658 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
2659 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
2660 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
2661 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
2662 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
2663 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
2664
2665 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2666
2667 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
2668 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
2669 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
2670
2671 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2672 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2673
2674 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
2675 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
2676 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
2677 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
2678 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
2679 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
2680 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
2681 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
2682 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
2683 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
2684 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
2685 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
2686 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
2687 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
2688 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
2689
2690 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
2691 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
2692 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
2693
2694       </div>
2695       <div class="tags">
2696
2697
2698         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2699
2700
2701       </div>
2702     </div>
2703     <div class="padding"></div>
2704
2705     <div class="entry">
2706       <div class="title">
2707         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2708       </div>
2709       <div class="date">
2710         28th December 2012
2711       </div>
2712       <div class="body">
2713         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
2714 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2715 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
2716 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
2717 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
2718 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
2719 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
2720 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
2721 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
2722 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
2723 followed by many others. :)</p>
2724
2725 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
2726 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
2727 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
2728 you want to donate to the project.</p>
2729
2730       </div>
2731       <div class="tags">
2732
2733
2734         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2735
2736
2737       </div>
2738     </div>
2739     <div class="padding"></div>
2740
2741     <div class="entry">
2742       <div class="title">
2743         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
2744       </div>
2745       <div class="date">
2746         18th December 2012
2747       </div>
2748       <div class="body">
2749         <p>A few days ago I came across
2750 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
2751 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
2752 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
2753 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
2754 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
2755 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
2756 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
2757 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
2758 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
2759
2760 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
2761 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
2762 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
2763 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
2764
2765 <blockquote><pre>
2766 2004-05-27 Book Store
2767       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
2768       Liabilities:Visa
2769 </pre></blockquote>
2770
2771 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
2772 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
2773 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
2774 Spang</a>,
2775 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
2776 Keen</a>,
2777 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
2778 Cantino</a> and
2779 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
2780 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
2781 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
2782 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
2783 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
2784
2785 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
2786 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
2787 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
2788 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
2789 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
2790
2791 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
2792 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
2793 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
2794 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
2795 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
2796 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
2797 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
2798 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
2799 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
2800
2801       </div>
2802       <div class="tags">
2803
2804
2805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2806
2807
2808       </div>
2809     </div>
2810     <div class="padding"></div>
2811
2812     <div class="entry">
2813       <div class="title">
2814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
2815       </div>
2816       <div class="date">
2817         14th November 2012
2818       </div>
2819       <div class="body">
2820         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
2821 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2822 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
2823 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
2824 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
2825 the people behind the German
2826 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
2827 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
2828 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
2829
2830 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2831
2832 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
2833 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
2834 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
2835
2836 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
2837 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
2838 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
2839 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
2840 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
2841 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
2842
2843 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
2844 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
2845 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
2846 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
2847 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
2848 relationship management and the communication processes in the
2849 project.</p>
2850
2851 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
2852 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
2853 and a yoga teacher.</p>
2854
2855 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2856 project?</strong></p>
2857
2858 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
2859
2860 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
2861 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
2862 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
2863 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
2864 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
2865 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
2866 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
2867 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
2868 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
2869 parents.</p>
2870
2871 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
2872 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
2873 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
2874 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
2875 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
2876 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
2877 Germany.</p>
2878
2879 <p>For information about our school project you can read
2880 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
2881 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
2882
2883 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2884 Edu?</strong></p>
2885
2886 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
2887 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
2888
2889 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
2890 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
2891 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
2892 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
2893 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
2894 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
2895 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
2896 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
2897 teachers, parents...</p>
2898
2899 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2900 Edu?</strong></p>
2901
2902 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
2903 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2904
2905 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
2906 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
2907 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
2908 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
2909 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2910
2911 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
2912 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
2913 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
2914 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
2915 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
2916 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
2917 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2918
2919 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2920
2921 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
2922 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
2923 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
2924 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
2925
2926 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2927 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2928
2929 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
2930 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
2931 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
2932 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
2933 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
2934
2935 <ul>
2936
2937 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
2938 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
2939 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
2940
2941 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
2942 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
2943 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
2944 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
2945 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
2946 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
2947 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
2948
2949 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
2950 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
2951 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
2952 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
2953
2954 </ul>
2955
2956       </div>
2957       <div class="tags">
2958
2959
2960         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2961
2962
2963       </div>
2964     </div>
2965     <div class="padding"></div>
2966
2967     <div class="entry">
2968       <div class="title">
2969         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
2970       </div>
2971       <div class="date">
2972         14th October 2012
2973       </div>
2974       <div class="body">
2975         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
2976 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
2977 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
2978 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
2979 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
2980
2981 <blockquote>
2982 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
2983 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
2984
2985 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
2986
2987 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
2988 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
2989 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
2990 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
2991 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
2992 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
2993 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
2994
2995 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
2996 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
2997 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
2998 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
2999 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3000 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3001 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3002 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3003 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3004
3005 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3006 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3007 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3008 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3009 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3010 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3011 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3012 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3013
3014 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3015 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3016 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3017
3018 <p>Referanser:</p>
3019
3020 <ul>
3021
3022 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3023 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3024
3025 </ul>
3026
3027 </blockquote>
3028
3029 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3030 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3031
3032       </div>
3033       <div class="tags">
3034
3035
3036         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3037
3038
3039       </div>
3040     </div>
3041     <div class="padding"></div>
3042
3043     <div class="entry">
3044       <div class="title">
3045         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3046       </div>
3047       <div class="date">
3048         13th October 2012
3049       </div>
3050       <div class="body">
3051         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3052 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3053 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3054 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3055 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3056 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3057
3058 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3059 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3060 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3061 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3062 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3063 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
3064 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
3065 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
3066
3067 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
3068 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
3069
3070 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
3071 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
3072 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
3073 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
3074 krav!</p>
3075
3076       </div>
3077       <div class="tags">
3078
3079
3080         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3081
3082
3083       </div>
3084     </div>
3085     <div class="padding"></div>
3086
3087     <div class="entry">
3088       <div class="title">
3089         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
3090       </div>
3091       <div class="date">
3092          2nd October 2012
3093       </div>
3094       <div class="body">
3095         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
3096 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
3097 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
3098 det vi sendte ut:</p>
3099
3100 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
3101
3102 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
3103 synonymordliste</strong></p>
3104
3105 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
3106 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
3107 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
3108
3109 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
3110 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
3111 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
3112 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
3113 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
3114 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
3115 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
3116
3117 <p><blockquote>
3118  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
3119    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
3120    Petter Reinholdtsen.
3121 </blockquote></p>
3122
3123 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
3124 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
3125 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
3126 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
3127
3128 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
3129 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
3130 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
3131 BSD.</p>
3132
3133 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
3134 fra prosjektsidene på
3135 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
3136 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
3137
3138 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
3139 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
3140 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
3141 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
3142 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
3143 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
3144
3145 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
3146 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
3147 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
3148 også svært velkomne.</p>
3149
3150 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
3151
3152 <p><blockquote>
3153 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
3154 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
3155 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
3156 </blockquote></p>
3157
3158 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
3159
3160 <ul>
3161
3162 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
3163     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
3164 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
3165     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
3166 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
3167     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
3168 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
3169     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
3170     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
3171 </ul>
3172
3173 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
3174
3175 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
3176
3177 <ul>
3178
3179 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
3180     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
3181 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
3182     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
3183 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
3184     control where to install these.</li>
3185 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
3186     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
3187 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
3188     updated script.</li>
3189 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
3190 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
3191     allowing words like e-post.</li>
3192 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
3193     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
3194 </ul>
3195
3196       </div>
3197       <div class="tags">
3198
3199
3200         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3201
3202
3203       </div>
3204     </div>
3205     <div class="padding"></div>
3206
3207     <div class="entry">
3208       <div class="title">
3209         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
3210       </div>
3211       <div class="date">
3212         17th September 2012
3213       </div>
3214       <div class="body">
3215         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
3216 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3217 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
3218 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
3219 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
3220 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
3221 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
3222
3223 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3224
3225 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
3226 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
3227 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
3228 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
3229 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
3230 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
3231 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
3232 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
3233 training is anyway very important</p>
3234
3235 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
3236 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
3237 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
3238 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
3239 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
3240
3241 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3242 project?</strong></p>
3243
3244 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
3245 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
3246 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
3247 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
3248 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
3249 hole.</p>
3250
3251 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3252 Edu?</strong></p>
3253
3254 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
3255 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
3256 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
3257 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
3258 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
3259 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
3260 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
3261 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
3262 hassle.</p>
3263
3264 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3265 Edu?</strong></p>
3266
3267 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
3268 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
3269 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
3270 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
3271 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
3272 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
3273 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
3274 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
3275
3276 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3277
3278 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
3279 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
3280 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
3281 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
3282 has the same...</p>
3283
3284 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
3285 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
3286 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
3287 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
3288
3289 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3290 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3291
3292 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
3293 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
3294 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
3295
3296 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
3297 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
3298 don't.</p>
3299
3300 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
3301 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
3302 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
3303 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
3304 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
3305 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
3306 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
3307
3308       </div>
3309       <div class="tags">
3310
3311
3312         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3313
3314
3315       </div>
3316     </div>
3317     <div class="padding"></div>
3318
3319     <div class="entry">
3320       <div class="title">
3321         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
3322       </div>
3323       <div class="date">
3324         15th August 2012
3325       </div>
3326       <div class="body">
3327         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
3328 et flott oppslag om bruken av
3329 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
3330 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
3331 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
3332 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
3333 vært vellykket.</p>
3334
3335 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
3336 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
3337 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
3338 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
3339
3340 <blockquote>
3341 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
3342   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
3343   Fedreheim."
3344 </blockquote>
3345
3346 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
3347 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
3348 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
3349
3350 <blockquote>
3351
3352 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
3353 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
3354 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
3355 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
3356 i nord."
3357
3358 </blockquote>
3359
3360 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
3361
3362 <blockquote>
3363 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
3364   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
3365   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
3366   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
3367 </blockquote>
3368
3369 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
3370 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
3371 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
3372 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
3373 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
3374 via
3375 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
3376
3377 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
3378 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
3379 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
3380 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
3381
3382       </div>
3383       <div class="tags">
3384
3385
3386         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3387
3388
3389       </div>
3390     </div>
3391     <div class="padding"></div>
3392
3393     <div class="entry">
3394       <div class="title">
3395         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
3396       </div>
3397       <div class="date">
3398         19th July 2012
3399       </div>
3400       <div class="body">
3401         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
3402 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
3403 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
3404 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
3405
3406 <p><blockquote>
3407 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
3408 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
3409 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
3410 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
3411 medlemsforeningen
3412 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
3413 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
3414 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
3415 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
3416 epostlisten
3417 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
3418 (og debian-edu-announce) og
3419 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
3420 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
3421 planlegges
3422 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
3423 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
3424
3425 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
3426 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
3427
3428 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
3429 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
3430 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
3431 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
3432 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
3433
3434 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
3435 å finne...</p>
3436 </blockquote></p>
3437 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
3438
3439       </div>
3440       <div class="tags">
3441
3442
3443         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3444
3445
3446       </div>
3447     </div>
3448     <div class="padding"></div>
3449
3450     <div class="entry">
3451       <div class="title">
3452         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
3453       </div>
3454       <div class="date">
3455          9th July 2012
3456       </div>
3457       <div class="body">
3458         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3459 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
3460 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
3461 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
3462 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
3463 to adjust and scale the just released
3464 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3465 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
3466 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
3467
3468 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3469
3470 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
3471 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
3472 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
3473 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
3474 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
3475 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
3476 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
3477 perspective when working with IT.</p>
3478
3479 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3480 project?</strong></p>
3481
3482 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
3483 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
3484 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
3485 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
3486 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
3487 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
3488
3489 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3490 Edu?</strong></p>
3491
3492 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
3493 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
3494 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
3495 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
3496 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
3497 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
3498 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
3499 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
3500 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
3501 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
3502 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
3503 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
3504 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
3505 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
3506 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
3507 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
3508 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
3509 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
3510 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
3511 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
3512 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
3513 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
3514 quicker to update.
3515
3516 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3517 Edu?</strong></p>
3518
3519 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
3520 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
3521 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
3522 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
3523 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
3524 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
3525
3526 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
3527 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
3528 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
3529 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
3530 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
3531 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
3532 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
3533 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
3534 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
3535 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
3536 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
3537 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
3538 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
3539 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
3540 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
3541
3542 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
3543 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
3544 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
3545 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
3546 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
3547 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
3548 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
3549 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
3550
3551 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
3552 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
3553 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
3554 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
3555 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
3556 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
3557 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
3558 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
3559 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
3560 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
3561 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
3562 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
3563 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
3564 sound file.</p>
3565
3566 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
3567 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
3568 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
3569 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
3570 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
3571 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
3572 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
3573 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
3574 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
3575
3576 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3577
3578 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
3579 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
3580 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
3581 )</p>
3582
3583 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3584 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3585
3586 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
3587 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
3588 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
3589 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
3590 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
3591 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
3592 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
3593 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
3594 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
3595 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
3596 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
3597 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
3598 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
3599 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
3600 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
3601
3602 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
3603 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
3604 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
3605 management with Airtime</a>,
3606 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
3607 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
3608 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
3609 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
3610 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
3611
3612       </div>
3613       <div class="tags">
3614
3615
3616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3617
3618
3619       </div>
3620     </div>
3621     <div class="padding"></div>
3622
3623     <div class="entry">
3624       <div class="title">
3625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
3626       </div>
3627       <div class="date">
3628          8th July 2012
3629       </div>
3630       <div class="body">
3631         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
3632 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
3633 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
3634 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
3635 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
3636 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
3637 Steinberg in his blog post
3638 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
3639 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
3640 spending of your tax money.</p>
3641
3642 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
3643 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
3644 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
3645 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
3646 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
3647 purchases.</p>
3648
3649       </div>
3650       <div class="tags">
3651
3652
3653         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3654
3655
3656       </div>
3657     </div>
3658     <div class="padding"></div>
3659
3660     <div class="entry">
3661       <div class="title">
3662         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
3663       </div>
3664       <div class="date">
3665          7th July 2012
3666       </div>
3667       <div class="body">
3668         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3669 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
3670 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
3671 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
3672 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
3673 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
3674 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
3675 receive.  The software is
3676
3677 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
3678 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
3679 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
3680 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
3681 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
3682 Windows</a>.</p>
3683
3684 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
3685 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
3686
3687 <p><ul>
3688
3689   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
3690     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
3691
3692   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
3693     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
3694     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
3695     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
3696     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
3697     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
3698     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
3699     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
3700     </li>
3701
3702   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
3703     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
3704
3705   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
3706     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
3707
3708   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
3709     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
3710
3711   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
3712
3713   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
3714     formats </li>
3715
3716   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
3717     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
3718     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
3719     (as separate sets)</li>
3720
3721   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
3722     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
3723     percentage)</li>
3724
3725   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
3726     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
3727     memory):
3728     <ul>
3729       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
3730       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
3731       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
3732       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
3733       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
3734       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
3735       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
3736       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
3737       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
3738       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
3739           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
3740           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
3741           activity)</li>
3742       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
3743       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
3744     </ul></li>
3745
3746   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
3747     <ul>
3748       <li>Break periods</li>
3749       <li>For teacher(s):
3750         <ul>
3751           <li>Not available periods</li>
3752           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
3753           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3754           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3755           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3756           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3757
3758           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3759             days per week</li>
3760         </ul></li>
3761       <li>For students (sets):
3762         <ul>
3763           <li>Not available periods</li>
3764           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
3765           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3766           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3767           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3768           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3769
3770           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3771             days per week</li>
3772         </ul></li>
3773       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
3774         <ul>
3775           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
3776           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
3777           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
3778           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
3779           <li>End(s) students day</li>
3780           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
3781           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
3782             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
3783           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
3784           <li>Not overlapping</li>
3785           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
3786           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
3787         </ul></li>
3788     </ul></li>
3789
3790   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
3791     <ul>
3792       <li>Room not available periods</li>
3793       <li>For teacher(s):
3794         <ul>
3795           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3796           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3797           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3798         </ul>
3799       </li>
3800
3801       <li>For students (sets):
3802         <ul>
3803           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3804           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3805           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3806         </ul>
3807       </li>
3808       <li>Preferred room(s):
3809         <ul>
3810           <li>For a subject</li>
3811           <li>For an activity tag</li>
3812           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
3813           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
3814         </ul>
3815       </li>
3816
3817       <li>For a set of activities:
3818         <ul>
3819           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
3820         </ul>
3821       </li>
3822     </ul>
3823   </li>
3824 </ul></p>
3825
3826 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
3827 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
3828 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
3829 manually, check it out.
3830
3831 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
3832 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
3833 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
3834 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
3835 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
3836 section</a>.</p>
3837
3838       </div>
3839       <div class="tags">
3840
3841
3842         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3843
3844
3845       </div>
3846     </div>
3847     <div class="padding"></div>
3848
3849     <div class="entry">
3850       <div class="title">
3851         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
3852       </div>
3853       <div class="date">
3854         30th June 2012
3855       </div>
3856       <div class="body">
3857         <p>Tidligere leder av
3858 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
3859 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
3860 i media og
3861 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
3862 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
3863 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
3864 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
3865 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
3866 noen måneder etter at
3867 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
3868 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
3869
3870 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3871
3872 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
3873 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
3874 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
3875 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
3876 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
3877 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
3878
3879 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3880
3881 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
3882 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
3883 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
3884 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
3885 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
3886 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
3887 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
3888 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
3889 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
3890 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
3891 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
3892 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
3893 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
3894 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
3895 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
3896 Windows.</p>
3897
3898 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3899
3900 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
3901 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
3902 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
3903 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
3904 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
3905 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
3906 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
3907 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
3908 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
3909 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
3910
3911 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3912
3913 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
3914 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
3915 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
3916 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
3917
3918 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3919
3920 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
3921 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
3922 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
3923 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
3924 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
3925 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
3926 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
3927 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
3928 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
3929
3930 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3931 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3932
3933 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
3934 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
3935 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
3936 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
3937 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
3938 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
3939 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
3940 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
3941
3942       </div>
3943       <div class="tags">
3944
3945
3946         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3947
3948
3949       </div>
3950     </div>
3951     <div class="padding"></div>
3952
3953     <div class="entry">
3954       <div class="title">
3955         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
3956       </div>
3957       <div class="date">
3958         26th June 2012
3959       </div>
3960       <div class="body">
3961         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
3962 another interview with the people behind
3963 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
3964 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
3965 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
3966 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
3967 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
3968 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3969 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3970
3971 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3972
3973 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
3974 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
3975 ICT in schools</p>
3976
3977 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3978 project?</strong></p>
3979
3980 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
3981 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
3982 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
3983 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
3984
3985 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3986 Edu?</strong></p>
3987
3988 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
3989 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
3990 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
3991 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
3992
3993 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3994 Edu?</strong></p>
3995
3996 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
3997 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
3998 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
3999 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4000 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4001 technologies in school.</p>
4002
4003 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4004
4005 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4006 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4007 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4008
4009 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4010 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4011
4012 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4013 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4014 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4015 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4016
4017 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4018 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4019 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4020
4021 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4022 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4023 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4024 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4025 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4026 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4027 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4028 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4029 working there.</p>
4030
4031       </div>
4032       <div class="tags">
4033
4034
4035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4036
4037
4038       </div>
4039     </div>
4040     <div class="padding"></div>
4041
4042     <div class="entry">
4043       <div class="title">
4044         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4045       </div>
4046       <div class="date">
4047         11th June 2012
4048       </div>
4049       <div class="body">
4050         <p>During my work on
4051 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4052 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4053 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4054 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4055 explanation.</p>
4056
4057 <p><ul>
4058
4059 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4060 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4061 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4062 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4063 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
4064 installation.</li>
4065
4066 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
4067 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
4068 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
4069 at least try to enable it for these services:
4070 <ul>
4071
4072   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
4073     quotas.</li>
4074   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
4075   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
4076   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
4077   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
4078   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
4079
4080 </ul></li>
4081
4082 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
4083 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
4084 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
4085 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
4086
4087 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
4088 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
4089 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
4090
4091 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
4092 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
4093 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
4094 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
4095 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
4096 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
4097
4098 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
4099 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
4100 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
4101 in Wheezy.
4102
4103 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
4104 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
4105 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
4106
4107 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
4108 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
4109 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
4110 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
4111
4112 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
4113 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
4114 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
4115 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
4116
4117 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
4118 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
4119 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
4120
4121 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
4122 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
4123 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
4124
4125 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
4126 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
4127 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
4128 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
4129 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
4130
4131 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
4132 <ul>
4133
4134 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
4135 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
4136 <li>and probably more?</li>
4137 </ul></li>
4138
4139 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
4140 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
4141 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
4142 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
4143 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
4144 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
4145 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
4146 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
4147
4148
4149 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
4150 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
4151 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
4152 use.</li>
4153
4154 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
4155 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
4156 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
4157 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
4158 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
4159
4160 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
4161 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
4162 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
4163 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
4164 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
4165 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
4166
4167 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
4168 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
4169 There are at least three implementations,
4170 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
4171 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
4172 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
4173 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
4174 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
4175 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
4176 given room.</li>
4177
4178 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
4179 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
4180 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
4181 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
4182 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
4183 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
4184 investigated.</li>
4185
4186 </ul></p>
4187
4188 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
4189 version.</p>
4190
4191       </div>
4192       <div class="tags">
4193
4194
4195         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4196
4197
4198       </div>
4199     </div>
4200     <div class="padding"></div>
4201
4202     <div class="entry">
4203       <div class="title">
4204         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
4205       </div>
4206       <div class="date">
4207          2nd June 2012
4208       </div>
4209       <div class="body">
4210         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
4211 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4212 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
4213 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
4214 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4215 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4216
4217 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4218
4219 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
4220 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
4221 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
4222 by Angela).</p>
4223
4224 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
4225 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
4226 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
4227 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
4228 becoming an osteopath.</p>
4229
4230 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
4231 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
4232 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
4233 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
4234 skills with communication skills.</p>
4235
4236 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4237 project?</strong></p>
4238
4239 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
4240 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
4241 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
4242 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
4243 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
4244
4245 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
4246 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
4247 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
4248 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
4249 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
4250 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
4251 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
4252 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
4253 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
4254
4255 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
4256 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
4257 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
4258
4259 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
4260
4261 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
4262 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
4263 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
4264 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
4265 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
4266 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
4267 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
4268 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
4269 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
4270 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
4271 point.</p>
4272
4273 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
4274 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
4275 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
4276 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
4277 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
4278 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
4279
4280 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
4281 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
4282 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
4283 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
4284 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
4285 spare time.</p>
4286
4287 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
4288 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
4289 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
4290 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
4291 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
4292
4293 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
4294 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
4295 avoidance do exist.</p>
4296
4297 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
4298 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
4299 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
4300 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
4301 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
4302 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
4303 and probably a gain for all.</p>
4304
4305 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4306 Edu?</strong></p>
4307
4308 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
4309 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
4310 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
4311 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
4312 project communication, honest communication within the group of
4313 developers, etc.</p>
4314
4315 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4316 Edu?</strong></p>
4317
4318 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
4319
4320 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
4321 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
4322 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
4323 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
4324 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
4325 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
4326 contribute).</p>
4327
4328 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
4329 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
4330 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
4331 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
4332 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
4333 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
4334 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
4335 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
4336 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
4337 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
4338
4339 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4340
4341 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
4342
4343 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
4344 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
4345 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
4346
4347 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
4348 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
4349 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
4350 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
4351
4352 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
4353 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
4354 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
4355 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
4356 whiteboard.</p>
4357
4358 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
4359
4360 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4361 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4362
4363 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
4364 enrol people.</p>
4365
4366       </div>
4367       <div class="tags">
4368
4369
4370         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4371
4372
4373       </div>
4374     </div>
4375     <div class="padding"></div>
4376
4377     <div class="entry">
4378       <div class="title">
4379         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
4380       </div>
4381       <div class="date">
4382         27th May 2012
4383       </div>
4384       <div class="body">
4385         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
4386 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4387 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
4388 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
4389 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
4390 since then, helping to make sure the
4391 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4392 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
4393
4394 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4395
4396 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
4397 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
4398 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
4399 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
4400 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
4401 our computer network.</p>
4402
4403 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
4404 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
4405 (4 months).</p>
4406
4407 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4408 project?</strong></p>
4409
4410 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
4411 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
4412 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
4413 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
4414 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
4415 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
4416 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
4417 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
4418 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
4419 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
4420 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
4421 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
4422 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
4423 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
4424
4425 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4426 Edu?</strong></p>
4427
4428 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
4429 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
4430 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
4431 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
4432 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
4433 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
4434 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
4435 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
4436
4437 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4438 Edu?</strong></p>
4439
4440 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
4441 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
4442 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
4443 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
4444 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
4445 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
4446 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
4447 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
4448 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
4449 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
4450 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
4451 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
4452
4453 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4454
4455 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
4456 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
4457 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
4458
4459 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4460 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4461
4462 <p><ol>
4463
4464 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
4465 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
4466 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
4467 developing.</li>
4468
4469 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
4470 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
4471 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
4472 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
4473 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
4474
4475 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
4476 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
4477 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
4478
4479 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
4480 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
4481 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
4482 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
4483
4484 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
4485 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
4486 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
4487
4488 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
4489
4490 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
4491 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
4492 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
4493 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
4494
4495 </ol></p>
4496
4497       </div>
4498       <div class="tags">
4499
4500
4501         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4502
4503
4504       </div>
4505     </div>
4506     <div class="padding"></div>
4507
4508     <div class="entry">
4509       <div class="title">
4510         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
4511       </div>
4512       <div class="date">
4513         20th May 2012
4514       </div>
4515       <div class="body">
4516         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
4517 musiker og mannen bak
4518 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
4519 i Rosegarden</a>
4520 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
4521 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
4522 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
4523 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
4524 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
4525 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
4526
4527 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4528
4529 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
4530 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
4531 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
4532 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
4533 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
4534 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
4535 musikkundervisning.</p>
4536
4537 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
4538 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
4539
4540 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
4541 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
4542 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
4543 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
4544 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
4545 dette operativsystemet.</p>
4546
4547 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4548
4549 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
4550 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
4551 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
4552 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
4553
4554 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4555
4556 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
4557 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
4558 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
4559 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
4560 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
4561
4562 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4563
4564 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
4565 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
4566 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
4567
4568 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
4569 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
4570 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
4571 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
4572 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
4573 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
4574 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
4575 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
4576 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
4577 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
4578 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
4579 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
4580
4581 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
4582 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
4583
4584 <p>Eksempel:</p>
4585
4586 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
4587 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
4588 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
4589 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
4590 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
4591 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
4592
4593 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
4594 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
4595 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
4596
4597 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
4598 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
4599 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
4600
4601 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
4602 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
4603 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
4604 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
4605 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
4606 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
4607 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
4608 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
4609
4610 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4611
4612 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
4613 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
4614
4615 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4616 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4617
4618 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
4619 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
4620 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
4621 alternativer.
4622
4623       </div>
4624       <div class="tags">
4625
4626
4627         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4628
4629
4630       </div>
4631     </div>
4632     <div class="padding"></div>
4633
4634     <div class="entry">
4635       <div class="title">
4636         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
4637       </div>
4638       <div class="date">
4639         13th May 2012
4640       </div>
4641       <div class="body">
4642         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
4643 publish another interview with the people behind
4644 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4645 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
4646 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
4647 details get right before release.
4648
4649 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4650
4651 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
4652 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
4653 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
4654 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
4655 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
4656 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
4657 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
4658 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
4659
4660 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
4661 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
4662 home since 2006.</p>
4663
4664 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4665 project?</strong></p>
4666
4667 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
4668 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
4669 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
4670 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
4671 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
4672 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
4673
4674 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
4675 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
4676 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
4677 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
4678 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
4679 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
4680 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
4681 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
4682 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
4683 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
4684 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
4685 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
4686 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
4687 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
4688 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
4689 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
4690
4691 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4692 Edu?</strong></p>
4693
4694 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
4695 for me as today.</p>
4696
4697 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
4698
4699 <p><ul>
4700
4701 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
4702 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
4703
4704 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
4705 cost.</li>
4706
4707 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
4708 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
4709 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
4710 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
4711 server</li>
4712
4713 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
4714 school.</li>
4715
4716 </ul></p>
4717
4718 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
4719 came up in this way:</p>
4720
4721 <p><ul>
4722
4723 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
4724 now.</li>
4725
4726 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
4727 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
4728 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
4729
4730 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
4731 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
4732 interfaces used in the past.</li>
4733
4734 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
4735 different needs.</li>
4736
4737 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
4738
4739 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
4740 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
4741 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
4742
4743 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
4744 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
4745
4746 </ul></p>
4747
4748 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4749 Edu?</strong></p>
4750
4751 <p><ul>
4752
4753 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
4754 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
4755 whole municipality areas.</li>
4756
4757 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
4758 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
4759 politicians.</li>
4760
4761 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
4762
4763 </ul></p>
4764
4765 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4766
4767 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
4768 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
4769 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
4770 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
4771 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
4772 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
4773
4774 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
4775 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
4776 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
4777 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
4778 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
4779
4780 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4781 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4782
4783 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
4784 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
4785 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
4786
4787       </div>
4788       <div class="tags">
4789
4790
4791         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4792
4793
4794       </div>
4795     </div>
4796     <div class="padding"></div>
4797
4798     <div class="entry">
4799       <div class="title">
4800         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
4801       </div>
4802       <div class="date">
4803         15th April 2012
4804       </div>
4805       <div class="body">
4806         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
4807 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
4808 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
4809 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
4810 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
4811
4812 <p><blockquote>
4813
4814 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
4815 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
4816 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
4817 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
4818 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
4819 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
4820 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
4821
4822 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
4823 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
4824 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
4825 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
4826 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
4827 er:</p>
4828
4829 <ul>
4830 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
4831 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
4832 </ul>
4833
4834 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
4835 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
4836 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
4837 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
4838 dialog med informantene.</p>
4839
4840 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
4841 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
4842 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
4843 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
4844 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
4845 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
4846 OpenOffice.org.</p>
4847
4848 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
4849 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
4850 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
4851 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
4852 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
4853 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
4854 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
4855 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
4856 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
4857 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
4858 formater.</p>
4859
4860 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
4861 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
4862 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
4863 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
4864 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
4865 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
4866 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
4867 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
4868 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
4869 </blockquote></p>
4870
4871 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
4872 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
4873 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
4874 til DUO...</p>
4875
4876
4877       </div>
4878       <div class="tags">
4879
4880
4881         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4882
4883
4884       </div>
4885     </div>
4886     <div class="padding"></div>
4887
4888     <div class="entry">
4889       <div class="title">
4890         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
4891       </div>
4892       <div class="date">
4893         15th April 2012
4894       </div>
4895       <div class="body">
4896         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
4897 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
4898 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
4899 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
4900 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
4901 up in the recently released
4902 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
4903 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4904
4905 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4906
4907 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
4908 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
4909 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
4910 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
4911 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
4912 information technology and science/technology.</p>
4913
4914 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4915 project?</strong></p>
4916
4917 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
4918 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
4919 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
4920 contributing.</p>
4921
4922 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4923 Edu?</strong></p>
4924
4925 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
4926 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
4927 Debian Project!</p>
4928
4929 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4930 Edu?</strong></p>
4931
4932 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
4933 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
4934 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
4935 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
4936 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
4937 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
4938 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
4939
4940 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
4941 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
4942
4943 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4944
4945 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
4946 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
4947 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
4948 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
4949
4950 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4951 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4952
4953 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
4954 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
4955 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
4956 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
4957 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
4958 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
4959 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
4960
4961 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
4962 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
4963 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
4964 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
4965 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
4966 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
4967 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
4968 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
4969
4970       </div>
4971       <div class="tags">
4972
4973
4974         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4975
4976
4977       </div>
4978     </div>
4979     <div class="padding"></div>
4980
4981     <div class="entry">
4982       <div class="title">
4983         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
4984       </div>
4985       <div class="date">
4986          8th April 2012
4987       </div>
4988       <div class="body">
4989         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
4990 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
4991 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
4992 contributor to the
4993 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
4994 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
4995
4996 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4997
4998 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
4999 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5000
5001 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5002 project?</strong></p>
5003
5004 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5005 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5006 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5007 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5008 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5009 "localisation".</p>
5010
5011 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5012 Edu?</strong></p>
5013
5014 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5015 Edu?</strong></p>
5016
5017 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5018 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5019 education system.</p>
5020
5021 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5022 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5023 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5024 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5025
5026 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5027
5028 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5029 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5030 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5031
5032 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5033 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5034
5035 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5036 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5037 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5038
5039       </div>
5040       <div class="tags">
5041
5042
5043         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5044
5045
5046       </div>
5047     </div>
5048     <div class="padding"></div>
5049
5050     <div class="entry">
5051       <div class="title">
5052         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5053       </div>
5054       <div class="date">
5055          6th April 2012
5056       </div>
5057       <div class="body">
5058         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5059 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5060 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5061 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5062 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5063 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
5064 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
5065 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
5066 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
5067
5068 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
5069 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
5070 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
5071 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
5072 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
5073 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
5074 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
5075 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
5076
5077 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
5078 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
5079 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
5080 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
5081 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
5082 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
5083 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
5084 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
5085
5086 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
5087 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
5088 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
5089 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
5090 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
5091 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
5092 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
5093 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
5094 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
5095 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
5096
5097 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
5098 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
5099 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
5100 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
5101
5102 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
5103 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
5104
5105       </div>
5106       <div class="tags">
5107
5108
5109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5110
5111
5112       </div>
5113     </div>
5114     <div class="padding"></div>
5115
5116     <div class="entry">
5117       <div class="title">
5118         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
5119       </div>
5120       <div class="date">
5121          5th April 2012
5122       </div>
5123       <div class="body">
5124         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
5125 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
5126 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
5127 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
5128 for schools.  Check out his article
5129 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
5130 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
5131
5132       </div>
5133       <div class="tags">
5134
5135
5136         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5137
5138
5139       </div>
5140     </div>
5141     <div class="padding"></div>
5142
5143     <div class="entry">
5144       <div class="title">
5145         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
5146       </div>
5147       <div class="date">
5148          1st April 2012
5149       </div>
5150       <div class="body">
5151         <p>Germany is a core area for the
5152 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5153 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
5154 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
5155
5156 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5157
5158 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
5159 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
5160 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
5161 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
5162 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
5163 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
5164 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
5165 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
5166
5167 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
5168 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
5169 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
5170 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
5171 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
5172 the end of April this year.</p>
5173
5174 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5175 project?</strong></p>
5176
5177 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
5178 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
5179 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
5180 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
5181 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
5182 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
5183 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
5184 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
5185 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
5186 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
5187 Skolelinux.</p>
5188
5189 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
5190 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
5191 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
5192 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
5193 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
5194 the admin teachers.</p>
5195
5196 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5197 Edu?</strong></p>
5198
5199 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
5200 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
5201 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
5202
5203 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
5204 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
5205 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
5206 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
5207 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
5208
5209 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5210 Edu?</strong></p>
5211
5212 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
5213
5214 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5215
5216 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
5217 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
5218 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
5219 LibreOffice.</p>
5220
5221 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5222 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5223
5224 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
5225 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
5226 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
5227
5228       </div>
5229       <div class="tags">
5230
5231
5232         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5233
5234
5235       </div>
5236     </div>
5237     <div class="padding"></div>
5238
5239     <div class="entry">
5240       <div class="title">
5241         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
5242       </div>
5243       <div class="date">
5244         30th March 2012
5245       </div>
5246       <div class="body">
5247         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
5248 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
5249 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
5250
5251 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
5252 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
5253
5254 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
5255
5256 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
5257 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
5258 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
5259 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
5260 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
5261
5262 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
5263 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
5264 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
5265 Nord-Odal:</p>
5266
5267 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
5268 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
5269 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
5270 pengene."</blockquote></p>
5271
5272 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
5273 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
5274 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
5275 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
5276 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
5277 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
5278 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
5279 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
5280
5281 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
5282
5283 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
5284 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
5285 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
5286 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
5287 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
5288 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
5289 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
5290 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
5291
5292 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
5293 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
5294 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
5295 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
5296 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
5297 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
5298 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
5299 Norge og verden.</p>
5300
5301 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
5302
5303 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
5304 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
5305
5306 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
5307
5308 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
5309
5310 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
5311
5312 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
5313 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
5314
5315 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
5316
5317 <p><ul>
5318
5319  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
5320  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
5321  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
5322  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
5323  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
5324  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
5325  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
5326
5327 </ul></p>
5328
5329       </div>
5330       <div class="tags">
5331
5332
5333         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5334
5335
5336       </div>
5337     </div>
5338     <div class="padding"></div>
5339
5340     <div class="entry">
5341       <div class="title">
5342         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
5343       </div>
5344       <div class="date">
5345         28th March 2012
5346       </div>
5347       <div class="body">
5348         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5349 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
5350 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
5351 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
5352
5353 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5354
5355 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
5356 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
5357 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
5358 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
5359
5360 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
5361 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
5362 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
5363 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
5364 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
5365 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
5366 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
5367 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
5368
5369 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
5370 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5371
5372 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
5373 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
5374 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
5375 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
5376 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
5377 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
5378 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
5379 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
5380 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
5381 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
5382 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
5383 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
5384 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
5385 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
5386 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
5387 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
5388 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
5389 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
5390 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
5391 logistikkproblemer.</p>
5392
5393 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5394
5395 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
5396 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
5397 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
5398 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
5399 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
5400 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
5401 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
5402 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
5403 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
5404 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
5405 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
5406 samarbeid med andre.
5407
5408 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
5409 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
5410 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
5411
5412 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5413
5414 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
5415 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
5416 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
5417 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
5418 dette for enhver pris.</p>
5419
5420 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
5421 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
5422 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
5423 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
5424 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
5425 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
5426 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
5427
5428 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
5429 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
5430 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
5431 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
5432
5433 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
5434 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
5435 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
5436 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
5437 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
5438 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
5439
5440 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
5441 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
5442 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
5443 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
5444 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
5445 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
5446
5447 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
5448 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
5449 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
5450 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
5451 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
5452 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
5453 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
5454 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
5455 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
5456 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
5457
5458 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5459
5460 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
5461 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
5462 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
5463 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
5464 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
5465 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
5466 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
5467 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
5468 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
5469 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
5470 Bill G sine produkter.
5471
5472 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5473 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5474
5475 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
5476 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
5477 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
5478 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
5479 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
5480 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
5481 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
5482 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
5483 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
5484
5485       </div>
5486       <div class="tags">
5487
5488
5489         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5490
5491
5492       </div>
5493     </div>
5494     <div class="padding"></div>
5495
5496     <div class="entry">
5497       <div class="title">
5498         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
5499       </div>
5500       <div class="date">
5501         25th March 2012
5502       </div>
5503       <div class="body">
5504         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
5505
5506 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
5507 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
5508 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
5509 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
5510 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
5511 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
5512 and download as a
5513 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
5514 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
5515
5516 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
5517   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
5518     <p>Download video as
5519       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
5520 </video></p>
5521
5522       </div>
5523       <div class="tags">
5524
5525
5526         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5527
5528
5529       </div>
5530     </div>
5531     <div class="padding"></div>
5532
5533     <div class="entry">
5534       <div class="title">
5535         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
5536       </div>
5537       <div class="date">
5538         19th March 2012
5539       </div>
5540       <div class="body">
5541         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
5542 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
5543 Et eksempel er
5544 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
5545 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
5546 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
5547 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
5548 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
5549 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
5550 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
5551 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
5552 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
5553 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
5554 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
5555 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
5556 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
5557
5558 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
5559 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
5560 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
5561 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
5562 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
5563
5564 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
5565 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
5566 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
5567 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
5568 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
5569 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
5570 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
5571 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
5572
5573 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
5574 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
5575 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
5576
5577 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
5578 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
5579 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
5580 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
5581
5582 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
5583 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
5584
5585       </div>
5586       <div class="tags">
5587
5588
5589         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5590
5591
5592       </div>
5593     </div>
5594     <div class="padding"></div>
5595
5596     <div class="entry">
5597       <div class="title">
5598         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
5599       </div>
5600       <div class="date">
5601         19th March 2012
5602       </div>
5603       <div class="body">
5604         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5605 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
5606 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
5607 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
5608 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
5609
5610 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5611
5612 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
5613 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
5614 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
5615 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
5616 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
5617 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
5618 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
5619 installations.</p>
5620
5621 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5622 project?</strong></p>
5623
5624 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
5625 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
5626 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
5627 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
5628 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
5629 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
5630 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
5631 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
5632 these things we decided to try it.</p>
5633
5634 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5635 Edu?</strong></p>
5636
5637 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
5638 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
5639 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
5640 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
5641 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
5642 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
5643 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
5644 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
5645
5646 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5647 Edu?</strong></p>
5648
5649 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
5650 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
5651 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
5652 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
5653 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
5654
5655 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5656
5657 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
5658 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
5659 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
5660 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
5661 that counts...)</p>
5662
5663 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5664 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5665
5666 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
5667 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
5668 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
5669 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
5670 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
5671 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
5672 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
5673 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
5674 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
5675 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
5676 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
5677
5678 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
5679 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
5680 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
5681
5682       </div>
5683       <div class="tags">
5684
5685
5686         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5687
5688
5689       </div>
5690     </div>
5691     <div class="padding"></div>
5692
5693     <div class="entry">
5694       <div class="title">
5695         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
5696       </div>
5697       <div class="date">
5698         16th March 2012
5699       </div>
5700       <div class="body">
5701         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
5702 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
5703 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
5704 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
5705
5706 <ol>
5707
5708 <li>The documentation is written in a
5709 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
5710 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
5711 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
5712 docbook XML.</li>
5713
5714 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
5715 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
5716 with the translated text.</li>
5717
5718 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
5719 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
5720 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
5721 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
5722 images.</li>
5723
5724 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
5725 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
5726
5727 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
5728 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
5729
5730 </ol>
5731
5732 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
5733 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
5734 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
5735 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
5736 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
5737
5738 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
5739 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
5740 package</a>.</p>
5741
5742       </div>
5743       <div class="tags">
5744
5745
5746         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5747
5748
5749       </div>
5750     </div>
5751     <div class="padding"></div>
5752
5753     <div class="entry">
5754       <div class="title">
5755         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
5756       </div>
5757       <div class="date">
5758         13th March 2012
5759       </div>
5760       <div class="body">
5761         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
5762 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
5763 er tilgjengelige allerede og
5764 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
5765 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
5766 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
5767 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
5768 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
5769 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
5770 likevel.</p>
5771
5772       </div>
5773       <div class="tags">
5774
5775
5776         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
5777
5778
5779       </div>
5780     </div>
5781     <div class="padding"></div>
5782
5783     <div class="entry">
5784       <div class="title">
5785         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
5786       </div>
5787       <div class="date">
5788         12th March 2012
5789       </div>
5790       <div class="body">
5791         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
5792 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
5793 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
5794 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
5795 styremedlem i foreningen
5796 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5797 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
5798 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
5799 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
5800 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
5801 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
5802 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
5803 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
5804 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
5805 veien.</p>
5806
5807 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5808
5809 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
5810 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
5811 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
5812 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
5813 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
5814 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
5815 slutten.</p>
5816
5817 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5818
5819 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
5820 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
5821 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
5822 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
5823 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
5824 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
5825 admin-siden).</p>
5826
5827 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5828
5829 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
5830 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
5831 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
5832 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
5833 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
5834 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
5835
5836 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5837
5838 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
5839 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
5840 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
5841 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
5842 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
5843 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
5844 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
5845
5846 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5847
5848 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
5849 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
5850 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
5851 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
5852
5853 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5854 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5855
5856 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
5857 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
5858 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
5859 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
5860 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
5861 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
5862 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
5863 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
5864 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
5865 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
5866 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
5867 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
5868 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
5869 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
5870 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
5871 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
5872 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
5873 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
5874
5875       </div>
5876       <div class="tags">
5877
5878
5879         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5880
5881
5882       </div>
5883     </div>
5884     <div class="padding"></div>
5885
5886     <div class="entry">
5887       <div class="title">
5888         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
5889       </div>
5890       <div class="date">
5891         11th March 2012
5892       </div>
5893       <div class="body">
5894         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
5895 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
5896 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5897 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
5898 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
5899 you have not done so already.</p>
5900
5901 <p>I plan to present the new version at
5902 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
5903 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
5904 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
5905
5906       </div>
5907       <div class="tags">
5908
5909
5910         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5911
5912
5913       </div>
5914     </div>
5915     <div class="padding"></div>
5916
5917     <div class="entry">
5918       <div class="title">
5919         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
5920       </div>
5921       <div class="date">
5922          9th March 2012
5923       </div>
5924       <div class="body">
5925         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
5926 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
5927 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
5928 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
5929 more international audience.</p>
5930
5931 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5932 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
5933 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
5934 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
5935 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
5936 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
5937 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
5938
5939
5940 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5941
5942 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
5943 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
5944 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
5945 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
5946 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
5947 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
5948 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
5949 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
5950 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
5951 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
5952 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
5953
5954 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5955 project?</strong></p>
5956
5957 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
5958 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
5959 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
5960 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
5961 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
5962 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
5963 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
5964 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
5965 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
5966 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
5967 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
5968 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
5969 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
5970
5971 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5972 Edu?</strong></p>
5973
5974 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
5975 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
5976 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
5977 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
5978 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
5979 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
5980 Japan.</p>
5981
5982 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5983 Edu?</strong></p>
5984
5985 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
5986 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
5987 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
5988 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
5989 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
5990 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
5991 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
5992 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
5993 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
5994 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
5995 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
5996 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
5997 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
5998 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
5999 help.</p>
6000
6001 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6002
6003 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6004 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6005 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6006 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6007 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6008 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6009 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6010 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6011 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6012 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6013 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6014
6015 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6016 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6017
6018 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6019 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6020 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6021 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6022 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6023 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6024 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6025 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6026 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6027 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6028 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6029 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6030
6031       </div>
6032       <div class="tags">
6033
6034
6035         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6036
6037
6038       </div>
6039     </div>
6040     <div class="padding"></div>
6041
6042     <div class="entry">
6043       <div class="title">
6044         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6045       </div>
6046       <div class="date">
6047          7th March 2012
6048       </div>
6049       <div class="body">
6050         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6051
6052 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6053 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6054 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6055 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6056 download as a
6057 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6058 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6059
6060 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6061   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6062     <p>Download video as
6063       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6064 </video></p>
6065
6066       </div>
6067       <div class="tags">
6068
6069
6070         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6071
6072
6073       </div>
6074     </div>
6075     <div class="padding"></div>
6076
6077     <div class="entry">
6078       <div class="title">
6079         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6080       </div>
6081       <div class="date">
6082          4th March 2012
6083       </div>
6084       <div class="body">
6085         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
6086 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6087 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6088 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
6089 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
6090 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6091
6092       </div>
6093       <div class="tags">
6094
6095
6096         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6097
6098
6099       </div>
6100     </div>
6101     <div class="padding"></div>
6102
6103     <div class="entry">
6104       <div class="title">
6105         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
6106       </div>
6107       <div class="date">
6108          3rd March 2012
6109       </div>
6110       <div class="body">
6111         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
6112 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
6113 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
6114 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
6115 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
6116 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
6117 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
6118 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
6119 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
6120 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
6121 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
6122 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
6123 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
6124 year...</p>
6125
6126 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
6127 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
6128 name,
6129 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
6130 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
6131 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
6132 mean). I've been following
6133 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
6134 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
6135 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
6136 Check it out. :)</p>
6137
6138       </div>
6139       <div class="tags">
6140
6141
6142         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
6143
6144
6145       </div>
6146     </div>
6147     <div class="padding"></div>
6148
6149     <div class="entry">
6150       <div class="title">
6151         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
6152       </div>
6153       <div class="date">
6154         27th February 2012
6155       </div>
6156       <div class="body">
6157         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6158 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
6159 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
6160 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
6161 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
6162
6163 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6164
6165 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
6166 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
6167 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
6168
6169 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6170
6171 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
6172 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
6173 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
6174 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
6175
6176 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
6177 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6178
6179 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
6180 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
6181
6182 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6183
6184 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
6185 løsninger.</p>
6186
6187 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6188 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6189
6190 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
6191 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
6192 under dette.</p>
6193
6194       </div>
6195       <div class="tags">
6196
6197
6198         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6199
6200
6201       </div>
6202     </div>
6203     <div class="padding"></div>
6204
6205     <div class="entry">
6206       <div class="title">
6207         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6208       </div>
6209       <div class="date">
6210         27th February 2012
6211       </div>
6212       <div class="body">
6213         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
6214 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6215 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
6216 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
6217 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
6218 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
6219 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6220
6221       </div>
6222       <div class="tags">
6223
6224
6225         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6226
6227
6228       </div>
6229     </div>
6230     <div class="padding"></div>
6231
6232     <div class="entry">
6233       <div class="title">
6234         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
6235       </div>
6236       <div class="date">
6237         21st February 2012
6238       </div>
6239       <div class="body">
6240         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6241 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6242 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
6243 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6244 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
6245
6246 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6247
6248 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
6249 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
6250 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
6251 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
6252 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
6253 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
6254 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
6255 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
6256
6257 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6258
6259 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
6260 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
6261 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
6262 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
6263 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
6264 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
6265 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
6266 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
6267 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
6268
6269 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
6270 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
6271 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
6272 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
6273
6274 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
6275 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
6276 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
6277 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
6278 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
6279 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
6280 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
6281 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
6282 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
6283 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
6284
6285 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6286
6287 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
6288 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
6289 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
6290 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
6291
6292 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
6293 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
6294 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
6295 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
6296 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
6297 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
6298 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
6299 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
6300
6301 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
6302 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
6303 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
6304 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
6305 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
6306 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
6307 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
6308 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
6309 PC-er.</p>
6310
6311 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6312
6313 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
6314 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
6315 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
6316 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
6317 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
6318 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
6319 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
6320 Foundation.</p>
6321
6322 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
6323 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
6324 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
6325 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
6326 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
6327 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
6328 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
6329 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
6330
6331 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
6332 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
6333 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
6334 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
6335 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
6336 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
6337 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
6338 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
6339
6340 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
6341 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
6342 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
6343 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
6344 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
6345 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
6346 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
6347 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
6348 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
6349 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
6350
6351 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6352
6353 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
6354 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
6355 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
6356 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
6357 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
6358 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
6359
6360 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6361 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6362
6363 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
6364 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
6365 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
6366 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
6367 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
6368 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
6369 støttetjenester.</p>
6370
6371 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
6372 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
6373 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
6374 selges til kommuner.</p>
6375
6376       </div>
6377       <div class="tags">
6378
6379
6380         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6381
6382
6383       </div>
6384     </div>
6385     <div class="padding"></div>
6386
6387     <div class="entry">
6388       <div class="title">
6389         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6390       </div>
6391       <div class="date">
6392         19th February 2012
6393       </div>
6394       <div class="body">
6395         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
6396 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
6397 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6398 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6399 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
6400 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
6401 solution for your school.</p>
6402
6403       </div>
6404       <div class="tags">
6405
6406
6407         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6408
6409
6410       </div>
6411     </div>
6412     <div class="padding"></div>
6413
6414     <div class="entry">
6415       <div class="title">
6416         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
6417       </div>
6418       <div class="date">
6419         18th February 2012
6420       </div>
6421       <div class="body">
6422         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6423 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6424 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
6425 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6426 Skolen</a>.</p>
6427
6428 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6429
6430 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
6431 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
6432 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
6433
6434 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6435
6436 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
6437 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
6438 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
6439 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
6440 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
6441 familien.</p>
6442
6443 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6444
6445 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
6446 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
6447 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
6448 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
6449 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
6450
6451 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6452
6453 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
6454 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
6455 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
6456 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
6457
6458 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6459
6460 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
6461 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
6462 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
6463 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
6464 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
6465 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
6466 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
6467 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
6468
6469 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6470 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6471
6472 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
6473 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
6474 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
6475 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
6476 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
6477 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
6478 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
6479 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
6480 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
6481 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
6482
6483       </div>
6484       <div class="tags">
6485
6486
6487         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6488
6489
6490       </div>
6491     </div>
6492     <div class="padding"></div>
6493
6494     <div class="entry">
6495       <div class="title">
6496         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6497       </div>
6498       <div class="date">
6499         13th February 2012
6500       </div>
6501       <div class="body">
6502         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
6503 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
6504 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
6505 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
6506 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
6507 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
6508 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
6509 change the global proxy setting by editing
6510 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
6511 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
6512
6513 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
6514 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
6515 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
6516
6517 <blockquote><pre>
6518 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
6519 {
6520    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
6521        isPlainHostName(host) ||
6522        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
6523       return "DIRECT";
6524    else
6525       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
6526 }
6527 </pre></blockquote>
6528
6529 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
6530
6531 <blockquote><pre>
6532 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
6533 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
6534 </pre></blockquote>
6535
6536 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
6537 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
6538 would be used for
6539 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
6540 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
6541 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
6542 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
6543 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
6544 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
6545 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
6546 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
6547 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
6548 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
6549
6550 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
6551 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
6552 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
6553 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
6554 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
6555 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
6556
6557 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
6558 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
6559 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
6560 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
6561 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
6562 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
6563 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
6564 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
6565 the network setup changes.</p>
6566
6567 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
6568 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
6569 draft</a> and a
6570 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
6571 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
6572
6573       </div>
6574       <div class="tags">
6575
6576
6577         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6578
6579
6580       </div>
6581     </div>
6582     <div class="padding"></div>
6583
6584     <div class="entry">
6585       <div class="title">
6586         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
6587       </div>
6588       <div class="date">
6589          7th February 2012
6590       </div>
6591       <div class="body">
6592         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6593 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
6594 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
6595
6596 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6597
6598 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
6599 mere.</p>
6600
6601 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6602
6603 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
6604 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
6605 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
6606 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
6607
6608 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
6609 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
6610 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
6611 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
6612 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
6613 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
6614
6615 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6616
6617 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
6618 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
6619 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
6620 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
6621 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
6622
6623 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6624
6625 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
6626 versjoner.</p>
6627
6628 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
6629 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
6630 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
6631 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
6632 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
6633 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
6634 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
6635
6636 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6637
6638 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
6639 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
6640 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
6641
6642 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
6643 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
6644 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
6645 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
6646 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
6647 også.</p>
6648
6649 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6650 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6651
6652 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
6653 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
6654 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
6655 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
6656 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
6657 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
6658 bruker.</p>
6659
6660 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
6661 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
6662 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
6663 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
6664 vil ha det.</p>
6665
6666       </div>
6667       <div class="tags">
6668
6669
6670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6671
6672
6673       </div>
6674     </div>
6675     <div class="padding"></div>
6676
6677     <div class="entry">
6678       <div class="title">
6679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
6680       </div>
6681       <div class="date">
6682          5th February 2012
6683       </div>
6684       <div class="body">
6685         <p>Since the Lenny version of
6686 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
6687 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
6688 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
6689 in the morning.  This is done using the
6690 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
6691
6692 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
6693 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
6694 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
6695 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
6696 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
6697 the
6698 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
6699 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
6700 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
6701 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
6702 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
6703
6704 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
6705 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
6706 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
6707 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
6708 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
6709 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
6710 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
6711
6712 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
6713 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
6714 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
6715 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
6716 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
6717
6718       </div>
6719       <div class="tags">
6720
6721
6722         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6723
6724
6725       </div>
6726     </div>
6727     <div class="padding"></div>
6728
6729     <div class="entry">
6730       <div class="title">
6731         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6732       </div>
6733       <div class="date">
6734          4th February 2012
6735       </div>
6736       <div class="body">
6737         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
6738 publish the third beta version of
6739 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6740 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
6741 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
6742 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
6743 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
6744 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
6745 on the project announcement list.</p>
6746
6747 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
6748 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
6749
6750 <ul>
6751
6752 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
6753   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
6754   the installation.</li>
6755
6756 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
6757   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
6758
6759 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
6760   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
6761   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
6762
6763 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
6764   for the local system administrator is created during installation
6765   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
6766   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
6767   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
6768   up to date on the system.</li>
6769
6770 </ul>
6771
6772 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
6773 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
6774 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
6775 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
6776
6777 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
6778 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
6779 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
6780 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
6781 will see you there?</p>
6782
6783       </div>
6784       <div class="tags">
6785
6786
6787         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6788
6789
6790       </div>
6791     </div>
6792     <div class="padding"></div>
6793
6794     <div class="entry">
6795       <div class="title">
6796         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6797       </div>
6798       <div class="date">
6799         27th January 2012
6800       </div>
6801       <div class="body">
6802         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
6803 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
6804 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6805 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
6806 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
6807 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
6808 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
6809
6810 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
6811 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
6812 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
6813 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
6814 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
6815 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
6816 not taken care of by this.</p>
6817
6818 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
6819 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
6820 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
6821 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
6822 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
6823 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
6824 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
6825 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
6826 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
6827 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
6828 firmware packages.</p>
6829
6830 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
6831 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
6832 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
6833 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
6834 initrd with extra firmware, the
6835 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
6836 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
6837 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
6838
6839 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
6840 network cards working.  For this,
6841 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
6842 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
6843 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
6844
6845 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
6846 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
6847 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
6848
6849 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
6850 try.</p>
6851
6852       </div>
6853       <div class="tags">
6854
6855
6856         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6857
6858
6859       </div>
6860     </div>
6861     <div class="padding"></div>
6862
6863     <div class="entry">
6864       <div class="title">
6865         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
6866       </div>
6867       <div class="date">
6868         26th January 2012
6869       </div>
6870       <div class="body">
6871         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
6872 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
6873 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
6874
6875 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
6876 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
6877 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
6878 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
6879 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
6880 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
6881
6882 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
6883 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
6884 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
6885 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
6886
6887 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
6888 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
6889 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
6890 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
6891 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
6892 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
6893 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
6894 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6895 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6896 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
6897 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
6898 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6899 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6900 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
6901 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
6902 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
6903 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
6904 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
6905 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
6906 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
6907 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
6908 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
6909
6910       </div>
6911       <div class="tags">
6912
6913
6914         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6915
6916
6917       </div>
6918     </div>
6919     <div class="padding"></div>
6920
6921     <div class="entry">
6922       <div class="title">
6923         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6924       </div>
6925       <div class="date">
6926         25th January 2012
6927       </div>
6928       <div class="body">
6929         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
6930 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
6931 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
6932 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
6933 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
6934
6935 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
6936 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
6937 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
6938 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
6939 this is done, log on to the central server and run
6940 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
6941 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
6942 will look similar to this:</p>
6943
6944 <p><blockquote><pre>
6945 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
6946 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
6947 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
6948
6949 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
6950
6951 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
6952 enter password: *******
6953 %
6954 </pre></blockquote></p>
6955
6956 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
6957 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
6958 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
6959 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
6960 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
6961 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
6962 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
6963 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
6964 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
6965 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
6966 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
6967 automatically.</p>
6968
6969 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
6970 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
6971
6972 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
6973 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
6974 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
6975
6976       </div>
6977       <div class="tags">
6978
6979
6980         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
6981
6982
6983       </div>
6984     </div>
6985     <div class="padding"></div>
6986
6987     <div class="entry">
6988       <div class="title">
6989         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
6990       </div>
6991       <div class="date">
6992         18th January 2012
6993       </div>
6994       <div class="body">
6995         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6996 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
6997 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
6998 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
6999 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7000 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7001
7002 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7003
7004 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7005 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7006 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7007 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7008 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7009 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7010 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7011 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7012 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7013 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7014
7015 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7016
7017 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7018 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7019 dette ble levert.</p>
7020
7021 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7022
7023 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7024 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7025 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7026 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7027 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7028
7029 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7030 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7031 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7032 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7033 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7034 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7035 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7036
7037 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7038 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7039 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7040 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7041 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7042 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7043 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7044
7045 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7046 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7047 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7048 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7049 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7050 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7051 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7052 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7053 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7054 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7055 nå.</p>
7056
7057 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7058 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7059 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7060 oss.</p>
7061
7062 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7063 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
7064 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
7065 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
7066
7067 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7068
7069 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
7070 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
7071 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
7072 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
7073 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
7074 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
7075
7076 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
7077 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
7078 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
7079 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
7080 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
7081 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
7082 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
7083 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
7084
7085 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
7086 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
7087
7088 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7089
7090 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
7091 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
7092 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
7093 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
7094 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
7095
7096 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7097 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7098
7099 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
7100 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
7101 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
7102 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
7103 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
7104 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
7105 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
7106 hjemme.</p>
7107
7108       </div>
7109       <div class="tags">
7110
7111
7112         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7113
7114
7115       </div>
7116     </div>
7117     <div class="padding"></div>
7118
7119     <div class="entry">
7120       <div class="title">
7121         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7122       </div>
7123       <div class="date">
7124         10th January 2012
7125       </div>
7126       <div class="body">
7127         <p>In the Squeeze version of
7128 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
7129 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
7130 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
7131 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
7132 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
7133 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
7134 first time.</p>
7135
7136 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
7137 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
7138 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
7139 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
7140
7141 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
7142 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
7143 new setting.</p>
7144
7145 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
7146 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
7147 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
7148
7149       </div>
7150       <div class="tags">
7151
7152
7153         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7154
7155
7156       </div>
7157     </div>
7158     <div class="padding"></div>
7159
7160     <div class="entry">
7161       <div class="title">
7162         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7163       </div>
7164       <div class="date">
7165          7th January 2012
7166       </div>
7167       <div class="body">
7168         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
7169 the second beta version of
7170 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
7171 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
7172 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
7173 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
7174 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7175 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
7176 on the project announcement list.</p>
7177
7178       </div>
7179       <div class="tags">
7180
7181
7182         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7183
7184
7185       </div>
7186     </div>
7187     <div class="padding"></div>
7188
7189     <div class="entry">
7190       <div class="title">
7191         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
7192       </div>
7193       <div class="date">
7194          3rd January 2012
7195       </div>
7196       <div class="body">
7197         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
7198 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
7199 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
7200 interesting.</p>
7201
7202 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
7203 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
7204 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
7205 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
7206 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
7207 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
7208 wrap up its tasks.</p>
7209
7210 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
7211 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
7212 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
7213 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
7214 because I was typing.</P>
7215
7216 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
7217 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
7218 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
7219 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
7220 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
7221 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
7222 generate entropy.</p>
7223
7224 <p>The fix is in
7225 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
7226 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
7227 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
7228 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
7229
7230       </div>
7231       <div class="tags">
7232
7233
7234         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7235
7236
7237       </div>
7238     </div>
7239     <div class="padding"></div>
7240
7241     <div class="entry">
7242       <div class="title">
7243         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
7244       </div>
7245       <div class="date">
7246         11th December 2011
7247       </div>
7248       <div class="body">
7249         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
7250 intervjuer av
7251 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
7252
7253 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
7254 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
7255 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
7256
7257 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7258
7259 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
7260 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
7261 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
7262 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
7263 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
7264
7265 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7266
7267 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
7268 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
7269 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
7270 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
7271 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
7272
7273 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7274
7275 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
7276 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
7277 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
7278 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
7279 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
7280 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
7281 og foreldre.</p>
7282
7283 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7284
7285 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
7286 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
7287 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
7288 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
7289
7290 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7291
7292 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
7293 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
7294 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
7295 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
7296 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
7297 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
7298 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
7299 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
7300 på
7301 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
7302
7303 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
7304 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
7305 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
7306 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
7307
7308 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7309 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7310
7311 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
7312 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
7313
7314 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
7315 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
7316 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
7317 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
7318 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
7319 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
7320 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
7321 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
7322 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
7323 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
7324 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
7325 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
7326 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
7327 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
7328
7329       </div>
7330       <div class="tags">
7331
7332
7333         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7334
7335
7336       </div>
7337     </div>
7338     <div class="padding"></div>
7339
7340     <div class="entry">
7341       <div class="title">
7342         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
7343       </div>
7344       <div class="date">
7345         27th July 2011
7346       </div>
7347       <div class="body">
7348         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
7349 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
7350 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
7351 fra starten av
7352 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7353
7354 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7355
7356 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
7357 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
7358 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
7359 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
7360 helhet.</p>
7361
7362 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7363
7364 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
7365 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
7366 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
7367
7368 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7369
7370 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
7371 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
7372 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
7373 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
7374 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
7375 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
7376
7377 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7378
7379 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
7380 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
7381 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
7382 utfordringer.</p>
7383
7384 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
7385 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
7386 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
7387 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
7388 løsningen.</p>
7389
7390 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
7391 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
7392 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
7393 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
7394 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
7395 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
7396 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
7397
7398 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
7399 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
7400 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
7401 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
7402 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
7403 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
7404 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
7405
7406 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
7407 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
7408 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
7409 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
7410 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
7411 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
7412 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
7413 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
7414 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
7415 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
7416 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
7417 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
7418 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
7419 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
7420 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
7421 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
7422
7423 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7424
7425 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
7426 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
7427 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
7428 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
7429 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
7430 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
7431 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
7432 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
7433
7434 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7435 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7436
7437 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
7438
7439 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
7440 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
7441 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
7442 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
7443 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
7444 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
7445
7446 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
7447 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
7448 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
7449
7450 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
7451 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
7452 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
7453 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
7454 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
7455 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
7456 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
7457 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
7458 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
7459 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
7460 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
7461 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
7462 sidelinjen.</p>
7463
7464       </div>
7465       <div class="tags">
7466
7467
7468         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7469
7470
7471       </div>
7472     </div>
7473     <div class="padding"></div>
7474
7475     <div class="entry">
7476       <div class="title">
7477         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
7478       </div>
7479       <div class="date">
7480         10th April 2011
7481       </div>
7482       <div class="body">
7483         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
7484 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
7485 bidragsyter i
7486 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7487
7488 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7489
7490 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
7491 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
7492 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
7493 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
7494
7495 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7496
7497 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
7498 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
7499 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
7500 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
7501 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
7502 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
7503 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
7504 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
7505
7506 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7507
7508 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
7509 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
7510 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
7511 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
7512
7513 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7514
7515 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
7516 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
7517 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
7518 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
7519 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
7520
7521 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7522
7523 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
7524 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
7525 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
7526 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
7527 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
7528 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
7529 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
7530
7531 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7532 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7533
7534 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
7535 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
7536 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
7537 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
7538 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
7539 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
7540 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
7541 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
7542 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
7543 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
7544 av.</p>
7545
7546       </div>
7547       <div class="tags">
7548
7549
7550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7551
7552
7553       </div>
7554     </div>
7555     <div class="padding"></div>
7556
7557     <div class="entry">
7558       <div class="title">
7559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
7560       </div>
7561       <div class="date">
7562         28th March 2011
7563       </div>
7564       <div class="body">
7565         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
7566 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
7567 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
7568 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
7569 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
7570 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
7571 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
7572
7573 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7574
7575 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
7576 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
7577 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
7578
7579 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7580
7581 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
7582 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
7583 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
7584 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
7585 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
7586 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
7587 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
7588 klientsiden.</p>
7589
7590 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
7591 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
7592 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
7593 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
7594 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
7595 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
7596
7597 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
7598 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
7599
7600 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
7601 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
7602 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
7603 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
7604 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
7605 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
7606 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
7607 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
7608 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
7609
7610 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
7611 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
7612 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
7613 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
7614 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
7615 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
7616 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
7617 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
7618
7619 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7620
7621 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
7622 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
7623 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
7624 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
7625 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
7626 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
7627 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
7628 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
7629 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
7630
7631 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
7632 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
7633 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
7634 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
7635 det!</p>
7636
7637 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
7638 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
7639 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
7640 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
7641 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
7642 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
7643 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
7644
7645 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
7646 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
7647 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
7648 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
7649 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
7650 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
7651
7652 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7653
7654 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
7655 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
7656 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
7657 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
7658 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
7659
7660 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
7661 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
7662 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
7663
7664 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7665
7666 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
7667 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
7668 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
7669 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
7670 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
7671
7672 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
7673 osv.</p>
7674
7675 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
7676 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
7677 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
7678
7679 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7680 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7681
7682 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
7683 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
7684 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
7685 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
7686 skvettbillig.</p>
7687
7688 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
7689 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
7690 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
7691 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
7692 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
7693
7694 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
7695 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
7696 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
7697 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
7698 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
7699
7700 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
7701 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
7702 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
7703
7704       </div>
7705       <div class="tags">
7706
7707
7708         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7709
7710
7711       </div>
7712     </div>
7713     <div class="padding"></div>
7714
7715     <div class="entry">
7716       <div class="title">
7717         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
7718       </div>
7719       <div class="date">
7720         27th February 2011
7721       </div>
7722       <div class="body">
7723         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
7724 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7725 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
7726 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
7727
7728 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7729
7730 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
7731 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
7732 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
7733 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
7734
7735 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
7736 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
7737 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
7738 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
7739
7740 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
7741 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
7742
7743 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7744
7745 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
7746 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
7747 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
7748 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
7749 etc.</p>
7750
7751 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7752
7753 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
7754 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
7755 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
7756 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
7757 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
7758 Skolelinux.</p>
7759
7760 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7761
7762 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
7763 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
7764 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
7765 Linux.</p>
7766
7767 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
7768 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
7769 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
7770 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
7771
7772 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7773
7774 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
7775 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
7776 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
7777 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
7778
7779 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
7780 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
7781
7782 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7783 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7784
7785 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
7786 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
7787 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
7788
7789       </div>
7790       <div class="tags">
7791
7792
7793         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7794
7795
7796       </div>
7797     </div>
7798     <div class="padding"></div>
7799
7800     <div class="entry">
7801       <div class="title">
7802         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
7803       </div>
7804       <div class="date">
7805         16th February 2011
7806       </div>
7807       <div class="body">
7808         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7809 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
7810 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
7811 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
7812
7813 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7814
7815 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
7816 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
7817 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
7818 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
7819 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
7820 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
7821 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
7822 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
7823 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
7824 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
7825
7826 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7827
7828 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
7829 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
7830 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
7831 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
7832
7833 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7834
7835 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
7836 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
7837 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
7838 på.</p>
7839
7840 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
7841 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
7842 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
7843 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
7844 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
7845 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
7846 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
7847 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
7848 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
7849 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
7850
7851 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
7852 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
7853 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
7854 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
7855 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
7856 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
7857 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
7858 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
7859
7860 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7861
7862 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
7863
7864 <ul>
7865 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
7866 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
7867   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
7868   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
7869 </ul>
7870
7871 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
7872 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
7873 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
7874 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
7875 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
7876 måte.</p>
7877
7878 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7879
7880 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
7881 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
7882 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
7883 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
7884
7885 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7886 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7887
7888 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
7889 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
7890 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
7891 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
7892
7893       </div>
7894       <div class="tags">
7895
7896
7897         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7898
7899
7900       </div>
7901     </div>
7902     <div class="padding"></div>
7903
7904     <div class="entry">
7905       <div class="title">
7906         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
7907       </div>
7908       <div class="date">
7909         23rd January 2011
7910       </div>
7911       <div class="body">
7912         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
7913 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
7914 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
7915 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
7916
7917 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7918
7919 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
7920 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
7921 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
7922 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
7923 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
7924 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
7925 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
7926 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
7927
7928 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7929
7930 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
7931 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
7932
7933 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
7934 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
7935 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
7936 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
7937
7938 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7939
7940 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
7941 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
7942 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
7943
7944 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7945
7946 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
7947 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
7948 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
7949 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
7950 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
7951 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
7952 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
7953 og det er synd.</p>
7954
7955 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7956
7957 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
7958 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
7959 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
7960 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
7961 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
7962 av maskinvaren.</p>
7963
7964 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7965 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7966
7967 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
7968 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
7969 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
7970 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
7971 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
7972
7973       </div>
7974       <div class="tags">
7975
7976
7977         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7978
7979
7980       </div>
7981     </div>
7982     <div class="padding"></div>
7983
7984     <div class="entry">
7985       <div class="title">
7986         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
7987       </div>
7988       <div class="date">
7989         19th January 2011
7990       </div>
7991       <div class="body">
7992         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
7993 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
7994 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
7995 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
7996 Florø.</p>
7997
7998 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7999
8000 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8001 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8002 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8003 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8004 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8005 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8006
8007 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8008
8009 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8010 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8011 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8012 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8013
8014 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8015 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8016 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8017 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8018 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8019 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8020 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8021 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8022 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8023 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8024 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8025 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8026 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8027 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8028 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8029
8030 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8031 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8032 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8033
8034 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8035
8036 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8037
8038 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8039 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8040 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8041 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8042 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8043 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8044
8045 <ul>
8046
8047 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8048 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8049 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8050 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8051
8052 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8053 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8054 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8055 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8056 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8057 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8058
8059 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8060 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8061 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8062 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8063
8064 </ul>
8065
8066 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
8067 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
8068 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
8069 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
8070 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
8071
8072 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8073
8074 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
8075 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
8076 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
8077 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
8078 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
8079
8080 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8081
8082 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
8083 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
8084 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
8085 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
8086 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
8087
8088 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8089 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8090
8091 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
8092 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
8093 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
8094 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
8095 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
8096 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
8097 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
8098
8099 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
8100 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
8101 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
8102 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
8103 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
8104 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
8105 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
8106 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
8107 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
8108 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
8109 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
8110 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
8111 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
8112 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
8113 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
8114 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
8115 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
8116
8117       </div>
8118       <div class="tags">
8119
8120
8121         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8122
8123
8124       </div>
8125     </div>
8126     <div class="padding"></div>
8127
8128     <div class="entry">
8129       <div class="title">
8130         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
8131       </div>
8132       <div class="date">
8133         16th January 2011
8134       </div>
8135       <div class="body">
8136         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
8137 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
8138 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
8139 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
8140
8141 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8142
8143 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
8144 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
8145 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
8146 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
8147 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
8148 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
8149 på skolen.</p>
8150
8151 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8152
8153 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
8154 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
8155 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
8156 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
8157 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
8158 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
8159
8160 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8161
8162 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
8163 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
8164 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
8165 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
8166 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
8167 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
8168 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
8169 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
8170 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
8171 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
8172 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
8173 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
8174
8175 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8176
8177 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
8178 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
8179 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
8180 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
8181 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
8182 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
8183 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
8184 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
8185 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
8186 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
8187 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
8188 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
8189
8190 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8191
8192 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
8193 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
8194 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
8195 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
8196 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
8197 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
8198 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
8199 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
8200 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
8201 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
8202 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
8203 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
8204
8205 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8206 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8207
8208 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
8209 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
8210 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
8211 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
8212 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
8213 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
8214 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
8215 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
8216 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
8217 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
8218 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
8219 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
8220 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
8221 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
8222 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
8223 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
8224
8225 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
8226 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
8227
8228       </div>
8229       <div class="tags">
8230
8231
8232         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8233
8234
8235       </div>
8236     </div>
8237     <div class="padding"></div>
8238
8239     <div class="entry">
8240       <div class="title">
8241         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
8242       </div>
8243       <div class="date">
8244         12th January 2011
8245       </div>
8246       <div class="body">
8247         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
8248 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
8249 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
8250 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
8251 Han er styremedlem i
8252 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8253 FRISK</a>.</p>
8254
8255 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8256
8257 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
8258 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
8259 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
8260 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
8261 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
8262 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
8263
8264 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8265
8266 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
8267 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
8268
8269 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
8270 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
8271 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
8272 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
8273
8274 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
8275 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
8276 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
8277 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
8278 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
8279 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
8280 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
8281 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
8282 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
8283 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
8284 Kubuntu.</p>
8285
8286 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8287
8288 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
8289 enn for andre systemer.</p>
8290
8291 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8292
8293 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
8294 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
8295 plasser.</p>
8296
8297 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
8298 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
8299
8300 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
8301 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
8302 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
8303 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
8304
8305 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8306
8307 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
8308 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
8309 servere.</p>
8310
8311       </div>
8312       <div class="tags">
8313
8314
8315         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8316
8317
8318       </div>
8319     </div>
8320     <div class="padding"></div>
8321
8322     <div class="entry">
8323       <div class="title">
8324         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
8325       </div>
8326       <div class="date">
8327          9th January 2011
8328       </div>
8329       <div class="body">
8330         <p>Inspirert av
8331 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
8332 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
8333 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
8334 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
8335 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
8336 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
8337 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
8338 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
8339
8340 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
8341 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
8342 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
8343 alltid flere medlemmer, så
8344 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
8345 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
8346
8347 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8348
8349 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
8350 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
8351 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
8352
8353 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
8354 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
8355 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
8356 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
8357 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
8358 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
8359 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
8360 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
8361 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
8362
8363 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8364
8365 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
8366 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
8367 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
8368 2003.</p>
8369
8370 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
8371 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
8372 det selv.</p>
8373
8374 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
8375 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
8376 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
8377 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
8378 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
8379 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
8380 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
8381
8382 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8383
8384 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
8385 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
8386 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
8387 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
8388 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
8389
8390 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8391
8392 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
8393 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
8394
8395 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8396
8397 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
8398 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
8399 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
8400 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
8401
8402 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
8403 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
8404
8405 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
8406
8407 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
8408 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
8409 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
8410 å bli hektet :)</p>
8411
8412       </div>
8413       <div class="tags">
8414
8415
8416         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8417
8418
8419       </div>
8420     </div>
8421     <div class="padding"></div>
8422
8423     <div class="entry">
8424       <div class="title">
8425         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
8426       </div>
8427       <div class="date">
8428          4th January 2011
8429       </div>
8430       <div class="body">
8431         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
8432 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
8433 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
8434 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
8435 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
8436 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
8437
8438 <blockquote>
8439 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8440 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8441
8442 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
8443 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
8444 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
8445 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
8446
8447 <ul>
8448
8449 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
8450 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
8451 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
8452 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
8453 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
8454 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
8455 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
8456 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
8457 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
8458 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
8459 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
8460 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
8461 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
8462 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
8463
8464 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
8465 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
8466 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
8467 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
8468
8469 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
8470 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
8471 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
8472
8473 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
8474 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
8475 om.</li>
8476
8477 </ul>
8478
8479 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
8480 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
8481 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
8482 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
8483 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
8484 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
8485 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
8486
8487 <ul>
8488
8489 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
8490 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
8491 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
8492
8493 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
8494 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
8495 dette.</li>
8496
8497 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
8498 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
8499 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
8500 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
8501
8502 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
8503 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
8504 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
8505 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
8506
8507 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
8508
8509 </ul>
8510
8511 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
8512 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
8513 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
8514 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
8515 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
8516 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
8517
8518 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
8519 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
8520 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
8521 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
8522 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
8523 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
8524 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
8525 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
8526 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
8527 tilsidesette. </p>
8528
8529 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
8530 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
8531 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
8532
8533 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
8534 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
8535 her. </p>
8536
8537 <ul>
8538
8539 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
8540 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
8541 mulig.</li>
8542
8543 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
8544 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
8545 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
8546 skolene.</li>
8547
8548 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
8549 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
8550 perioder.</li>
8551
8552 </ul>
8553
8554 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
8555 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
8556 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
8557 rutine her nå. </p>
8558
8559 <ul>
8560
8561 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
8562 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
8563 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
8564 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
8565 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
8566 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
8567 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
8568 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
8569
8570 </ul>
8571
8572 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
8573
8574 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
8575 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
8576 </blockquote>
8577
8578 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
8579
8580 <blockquote>
8581 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8582 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
8583
8584 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
8585 historien videre?</p>
8586
8587 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
8588 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
8589 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
8590 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
8591 </blockquote>
8592
8593 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
8594
8595 <blockquote>
8596 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8597 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8598
8599 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
8600 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
8601 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
8602 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
8603 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
8604 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
8605 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
8606 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
8607
8608 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
8609 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
8610 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
8611
8612 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
8613 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
8614 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
8615 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
8616 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
8617 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
8618 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
8619 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
8620 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
8621 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
8622
8623 <ul>
8624
8625 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
8626 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
8627 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
8628 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
8629 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
8630 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
8631 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
8632 bare en bonus. </li>
8633
8634 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
8635 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
8636 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
8637 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
8638 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
8639 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
8640 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
8641 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
8642 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
8643 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
8644 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
8645 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
8646 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
8647 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
8648 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
8649 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
8650 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
8651 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
8652 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
8653 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
8654 beste læremester. </li>
8655
8656 </ul>
8657
8658 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
8659 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
8660 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
8661 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
8662 ettertid.</p>
8663
8664 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
8665 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
8666 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
8667 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
8668 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
8669 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
8670 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
8671 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
8672 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
8673 jeg da lære?"</p>
8674
8675 </blockquote>
8676
8677 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
8678 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
8679 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
8680
8681       </div>
8682       <div class="tags">
8683
8684
8685         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8686
8687
8688       </div>
8689     </div>
8690     <div class="padding"></div>
8691
8692     <div class="entry">
8693       <div class="title">
8694         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
8695       </div>
8696       <div class="date">
8697         22nd December 2010
8698       </div>
8699       <div class="body">
8700         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
8701 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
8702 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
8703 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
8704 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
8705 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
8706 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
8707 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
8708 university.</p>
8709
8710 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
8711 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
8712 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
8713 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
8714 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
8715 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
8716 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
8717 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
8718
8719 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
8720 I perform on a new model.</p>
8721
8722 <ul>
8723
8724 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
8725 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
8726 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
8727
8728 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
8729 installation, X.org is working.</li>
8730
8731 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
8732 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
8733 reported by the program.</li>
8734
8735 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
8736 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
8737 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
8738 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
8739 normally test this by playing
8740 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
8741 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
8742
8743 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
8744 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8745
8746 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
8747 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8748
8749 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
8750 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
8751
8752 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
8753 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
8754 few.</li>
8755
8756 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
8757 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
8758 notice this.</li>
8759
8760 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
8761 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
8762 resume.</li>
8763
8764 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
8765 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
8766 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
8767 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
8768 not.</li>
8769
8770 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
8771 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
8772 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
8773 existence.</li>
8774
8775 </ul>
8776
8777 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
8778 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
8779 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
8780 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
8781 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
8782 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
8783 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
8784 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
8785
8786       </div>
8787       <div class="tags">
8788
8789
8790         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8791
8792
8793       </div>
8794     </div>
8795     <div class="padding"></div>
8796
8797     <div class="entry">
8798       <div class="title">
8799         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
8800       </div>
8801       <div class="date">
8802         29th November 2010
8803       </div>
8804       <div class="body">
8805         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
8806 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
8807 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
8808 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
8809 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
8810 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
8811
8812 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
8813 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
8814 will hold its
8815 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
8816 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
8817 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
8818 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
8819 vote this year.</p>
8820
8821       </div>
8822       <div class="tags">
8823
8824
8825         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8826
8827
8828       </div>
8829     </div>
8830     <div class="padding"></div>
8831
8832     <div class="entry">
8833       <div class="title">
8834         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
8835       </div>
8836       <div class="date">
8837         27th November 2010
8838       </div>
8839       <div class="body">
8840         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
8841 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
8842 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
8843 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
8844 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
8845 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
8846 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
8847 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
8848
8849 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
8850 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8851 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
8852 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
8853 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
8854 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
8855 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
8856 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
8857 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
8858 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
8859 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
8860
8861 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
8862 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
8863 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
8864 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
8865 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
8866 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
8867 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
8868 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
8869 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
8870 what is going on.</p>
8871
8872       </div>
8873       <div class="tags">
8874
8875
8876         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8877
8878
8879       </div>
8880     </div>
8881     <div class="padding"></div>
8882
8883     <div class="entry">
8884       <div class="title">
8885         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
8886       </div>
8887       <div class="date">
8888         22nd November 2010
8889       </div>
8890       <div class="body">
8891         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
8892 upgrade testing of the
8893 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8894 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
8895 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
8896 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
8897
8898 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8899
8900 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8901
8902 <blockquote><p>
8903   apache2.2-bin
8904   aptdaemon
8905   baobab
8906   binfmt-support
8907   browser-plugin-gnash
8908   cheese-common
8909   cli-common
8910   cups-pk-helper
8911   dmz-cursor-theme
8912   empathy
8913   empathy-common
8914   freedesktop-sound-theme
8915   freeglut3
8916   gconf-defaults-service
8917   gdm-themes
8918   gedit-plugins
8919   geoclue
8920   geoclue-hostip
8921   geoclue-localnet
8922   geoclue-manual
8923   geoclue-yahoo
8924   gnash
8925   gnash-common
8926   gnome
8927   gnome-backgrounds
8928   gnome-cards-data
8929   gnome-codec-install
8930   gnome-core
8931   gnome-desktop-environment
8932   gnome-disk-utility
8933   gnome-screenshot
8934   gnome-search-tool
8935   gnome-session-canberra
8936   gnome-system-log
8937   gnome-themes-extras
8938   gnome-themes-more
8939   gnome-user-share
8940   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8941   gstreamer0.10-tools
8942   gtk2-engines
8943   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8944   gtk2-engines-smooth
8945   hamster-applet
8946   libapache2-mod-dnssd
8947   libapr1
8948   libaprutil1
8949   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
8950   libaprutil1-ldap
8951   libart2.0-cil
8952   libboost-date-time1.42.0
8953   libboost-python1.42.0
8954   libboost-thread1.42.0
8955   libchamplain-0.4-0
8956   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
8957   libcheese-gtk18
8958   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8959   libcryptui0
8960   libdiscid0
8961   libelf1
8962   libepc-1.0-2
8963   libepc-common
8964   libepc-ui-1.0-2
8965   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8966   libfreerdp0
8967   libgconf2.0-cil
8968   libgdata-common
8969   libgdata7
8970   libgdu-gtk0
8971   libgee2
8972   libgeoclue0
8973   libgexiv2-0
8974   libgif4
8975   libglade2.0-cil
8976   libglib2.0-cil
8977   libgmime2.4-cil
8978   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8979   libgnome2.24-cil
8980   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
8981   libgpod-common
8982   libgpod4
8983   libgtk2.0-cil
8984   libgtkglext1
8985   libgtksourceview2.0-common
8986   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8987   libmono-addins0.2-cil
8988   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
8989   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8990   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
8991   libmono-posix2.0-cil
8992   libmono-security2.0-cil
8993   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8994   libmono-system2.0-cil
8995   libmtp8
8996   libmusicbrainz3-6
8997   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
8998   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
8999   libopal3.6.8
9000   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9001   libpt2.6.7
9002   libpython2.6
9003   librpm1
9004   librpmio1
9005   libsdl1.2debian
9006   libsrtp0
9007   libssh-4
9008   libtelepathy-farsight0
9009   libtelepathy-glib0
9010   libtidy-0.99-0
9011   media-player-info
9012   mesa-utils
9013   mono-2.0-gac
9014   mono-gac
9015   mono-runtime
9016   nautilus-sendto
9017   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9018   p7zip-full
9019   pkg-config
9020   python-aptdaemon
9021   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9022   python-axiom
9023   python-beautifulsoup
9024   python-bugbuddy
9025   python-clientform
9026   python-coherence
9027   python-configobj
9028   python-crypto
9029   python-cupshelpers
9030   python-elementtree
9031   python-epsilon
9032   python-evolution
9033   python-feedparser
9034   python-gdata
9035   python-gdbm
9036   python-gst0.10
9037   python-gtkglext1
9038   python-gtksourceview2
9039   python-httplib2
9040   python-louie
9041   python-mako
9042   python-markupsafe
9043   python-mechanize
9044   python-nevow
9045   python-notify
9046   python-opengl
9047   python-openssl
9048   python-pam
9049   python-pkg-resources
9050   python-pyasn1
9051   python-pysqlite2
9052   python-rdflib
9053   python-serial
9054   python-tagpy
9055   python-twisted-bin
9056   python-twisted-conch
9057   python-twisted-core
9058   python-twisted-web
9059   python-utidylib
9060   python-webkit
9061   python-xdg
9062   python-zope.interface
9063   remmina
9064   remmina-plugin-data
9065   remmina-plugin-rdp
9066   remmina-plugin-vnc
9067   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9068   rhythmbox-plugins
9069   rpm-common
9070   rpm2cpio
9071   seahorse-plugins
9072   shotwell
9073   software-center
9074   system-config-printer-udev
9075   telepathy-gabble
9076   telepathy-mission-control-5
9077   telepathy-salut
9078   tomboy
9079   totem
9080   totem-coherence
9081   totem-mozilla
9082   totem-plugins
9083   transmission-common
9084   xdg-user-dirs
9085   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
9086   xserver-xephyr
9087 </p></blockquote>
9088
9089 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9090
9091 <blockquote><p>
9092   cheese
9093   ekiga
9094   eog
9095   epiphany-extensions
9096   evolution-exchange
9097   fast-user-switch-applet
9098   file-roller
9099   gcalctool
9100   gconf-editor
9101   gdm
9102   gedit
9103   gedit-common
9104   gnome-games
9105   gnome-games-data
9106   gnome-nettool
9107   gnome-system-tools
9108   gnome-themes
9109   gnuchess
9110   gucharmap
9111   guile-1.8-libs
9112   libavahi-ui0
9113   libdmx1
9114   libgalago3
9115   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9116   libgtksourceview2.0-0
9117   liblircclient0
9118   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
9119   libspeexdsp1
9120   libsvga1
9121   rhythmbox
9122   seahorse
9123   sound-juicer
9124   system-config-printer
9125   totem-common
9126   transmission-gtk
9127   vinagre
9128   vino
9129 </p></blockquote>
9130
9131 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9132
9133 <blockquote><p>
9134   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9135 </p></blockquote>
9136
9137 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9138
9139 <blockquote><p>
9140 [nothing]
9141 </p></blockquote>
9142
9143 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9144
9145 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9146
9147 <blockquote><p>
9148   ksmserver
9149 </p></blockquote>
9150
9151 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9152
9153 <blockquote><p>
9154   kwin
9155   network-manager-kde
9156 </p></blockquote>
9157
9158 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9159
9160 <blockquote><p>
9161   arts
9162   dolphin
9163   freespacenotifier
9164   google-gadgets-gst
9165   google-gadgets-xul
9166   kappfinder
9167   kcalc
9168   kcharselect
9169   kde-core
9170   kde-plasma-desktop
9171   kde-standard
9172   kde-window-manager
9173   kdeartwork
9174   kdeartwork-emoticons
9175   kdeartwork-style
9176   kdeartwork-theme-icon
9177   kdebase
9178   kdebase-apps
9179   kdebase-workspace
9180   kdebase-workspace-bin
9181   kdebase-workspace-data
9182   kdeeject
9183   kdelibs
9184   kdeplasma-addons
9185   kdeutils
9186   kdewallpapers
9187   kdf
9188   kfloppy
9189   kgpg
9190   khelpcenter4
9191   kinfocenter
9192   konq-plugins-l10n
9193   konqueror-nsplugins
9194   kscreensaver
9195   kscreensaver-xsavers
9196   ktimer
9197   kwrite
9198   libgle3
9199   libkde4-ruby1.8
9200   libkonq5
9201   libkonq5-templates
9202   libnetpbm10
9203   libplasma-ruby
9204   libplasma-ruby1.8
9205   libqt4-ruby1.8
9206   marble-data
9207   marble-plugins
9208   netpbm
9209   nuvola-icon-theme
9210   plasma-dataengines-workspace
9211   plasma-desktop
9212   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
9213   plasma-runners-addons
9214   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
9215   plasma-scriptengine-python
9216   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
9217   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
9218   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
9219   plasma-scriptengines
9220   plasma-wallpapers-addons
9221   plasma-widget-folderview
9222   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9223   ruby
9224   sweeper
9225   update-notifier-kde
9226   xscreensaver-data-extra
9227   xscreensaver-gl
9228   xscreensaver-gl-extra
9229   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9230 </p></blockquote>
9231
9232 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9233
9234 <blockquote><p>
9235   ark
9236   google-gadgets-common
9237   google-gadgets-qt
9238   htdig
9239   kate
9240   kdebase-bin
9241   kdebase-data
9242   kdepasswd
9243   kfind
9244   klipper
9245   konq-plugins
9246   konqueror
9247   ksysguard
9248   ksysguardd
9249   libarchive1
9250   libcln6
9251   libeet1
9252   libeina-svn-06
9253   libggadget-1.0-0b
9254   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
9255   libgps19
9256   libkdecorations4
9257   libkephal4
9258   libkonq4
9259   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
9260   libkscreensaver5
9261   libksgrd4
9262   libksignalplotter4
9263   libkunitconversion4
9264   libkwineffects1a
9265   libmarblewidget4
9266   libntrack-qt4-1
9267   libntrack0
9268   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
9269   libplasmaclock4a
9270   libplasmagenericshell4
9271   libprocesscore4a
9272   libprocessui4a
9273   libqalculate5
9274   libqedje0a
9275   libqtruby4shared2
9276   libqzion0a
9277   libruby1.8
9278   libscim8c2a
9279   libsmokekdecore4-3
9280   libsmokekdeui4-3
9281   libsmokekfile3
9282   libsmokekhtml3
9283   libsmokekio3
9284   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
9285   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
9286   libsmokekparts3
9287   libsmokektexteditor3
9288   libsmokekutils3
9289   libsmokenepomuk3
9290   libsmokephonon3
9291   libsmokeplasma3
9292   libsmokeqtcore4-3
9293   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
9294   libsmokeqtgui4-3
9295   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
9296   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
9297   libsmokeqtscript4-3
9298   libsmokeqtsql4-3
9299   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
9300   libsmokeqttest4-3
9301   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
9302   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
9303   libsmokeqtxml4-3
9304   libsmokesolid3
9305   libsmokesoprano3
9306   libtaskmanager4a
9307   libtidy-0.99-0
9308   libweather-ion4a
9309   libxklavier16
9310   libxxf86misc1
9311   okteta
9312   oxygencursors
9313   plasma-dataengines-addons
9314   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
9315   plasma-widget-lancelot
9316   plasma-widgets-addons
9317   plasma-widgets-workspace
9318   polkit-kde-1
9319   ruby1.8
9320   systemsettings
9321   update-notifier-common
9322 </p></blockquote>
9323
9324 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
9325 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
9326 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
9327 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
9328
9329       </div>
9330       <div class="tags">
9331
9332
9333         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9334
9335
9336       </div>
9337     </div>
9338     <div class="padding"></div>
9339
9340     <div class="entry">
9341       <div class="title">
9342         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
9343       </div>
9344       <div class="date">
9345         22nd November 2010
9346       </div>
9347       <div class="body">
9348         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
9349 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
9350 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
9351 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
9352 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
9353 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
9354 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
9355 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
9356 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
9357
9358 <p>I found
9359 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
9360 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
9361 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
9362 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
9363 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
9364 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
9365
9366 <pre>
9367 #!/bin/sh
9368
9369 # Based on
9370 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
9371
9372 set -e
9373 set -x
9374
9375 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
9376     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
9377     exit 1
9378 else
9379     host="$1"
9380 fi
9381
9382 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
9383     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
9384     exit 1
9385 fi
9386
9387 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
9388 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
9389 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
9390 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
9391
9392 img=$host.img
9393 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
9394 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
9395
9396 parted $img mklabel msdos
9397 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
9398 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
9399 parted $img set 1 boot on
9400
9401 modprobe dm-mod
9402 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
9403 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
9404
9405 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
9406 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
9407 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
9408
9409 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
9410 losetup -d /dev/loop0
9411 </pre>
9412
9413 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
9414 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
9415
9416 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
9417 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
9418 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
9419 seem to work just fine.</p>
9420
9421       </div>
9422       <div class="tags">
9423
9424
9425         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9426
9427
9428       </div>
9429     </div>
9430     <div class="padding"></div>
9431
9432     <div class="entry">
9433       <div class="title">
9434         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
9435       </div>
9436       <div class="date">
9437         20th November 2010
9438       </div>
9439       <div class="body">
9440         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
9441 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9442 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
9443 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
9444
9445 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
9446 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
9447 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
9448
9449 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9450
9451 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9452
9453 <blockquote><p>
9454   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
9455   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
9456   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
9457   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
9458   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
9459   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
9460   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
9461   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
9462   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
9463   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
9464   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9465   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9466   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
9467   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
9468   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
9469   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
9470   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9471   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
9472   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9473   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
9474   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
9475   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9476   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
9477   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
9478   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
9479   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9480   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9481   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
9482   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9483   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
9484   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
9485   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
9486   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
9487   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
9488   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
9489   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
9490   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
9491   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
9492   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
9493   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
9494   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
9495   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
9496   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
9497   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
9498   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
9499   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
9500   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
9501   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
9502   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
9503   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
9504   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
9505   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
9506   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9507   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
9508   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
9509   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
9510   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
9511   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
9512   zip
9513 </p></blockquote>
9514
9515 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
9516
9517 <blockquote><p>
9518   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
9519   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
9520   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
9521   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
9522   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
9523   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
9524   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
9525   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
9526   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
9527   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
9528   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
9529   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
9530   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
9531   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
9532   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9533   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
9534   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9535   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
9536   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
9537   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
9538   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
9539   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
9540   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
9541   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
9542   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
9543   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
9544   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
9545   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
9546   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
9547 </p></blockquote>
9548
9549 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9550
9551 <blockquote><p>
9552   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9553 </p></blockquote>
9554
9555 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9556
9557 <blockquote><p>
9558 [nothing]
9559 </p></blockquote>
9560
9561 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9562
9563 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9564
9565 <blockquote><p>
9566   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
9567   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
9568   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
9569   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
9570   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
9571   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
9572   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
9573   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
9574   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
9575   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
9576   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
9577   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
9578   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
9579   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
9580   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
9581   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
9582   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
9583   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
9584   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
9585   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
9586   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
9587   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
9588   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
9589   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
9590   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
9591   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
9592   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
9593   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
9594   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
9595   ttf-sazanami-gothic
9596 </p></blockquote>
9597
9598 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9599
9600 <blockquote><p>
9601   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
9602   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
9603   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
9604   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
9605   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
9606   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
9607   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
9608   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
9609   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
9610   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
9611   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
9612   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
9613   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
9614   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
9615   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
9616   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
9617   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
9618   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
9619   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
9620   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
9621   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9622   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
9623   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
9624   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
9625   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
9626   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
9627   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
9628   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
9629   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
9630   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
9631   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
9632   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
9633   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
9634 </p></blockquote>
9635
9636 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9637
9638 <blockquote><p>
9639   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
9640   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
9641   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
9642   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
9643   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9644   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
9645   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9646 </p></blockquote>
9647
9648 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9649
9650 <blockquote><p>
9651   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
9652 </p></blockquote>
9653
9654       </div>
9655       <div class="tags">
9656
9657
9658         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9659
9660
9661       </div>
9662     </div>
9663     <div class="padding"></div>
9664
9665     <div class="entry">
9666       <div class="title">
9667         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
9668       </div>
9669       <div class="date">
9670         20th November 2010
9671       </div>
9672       <div class="body">
9673         <p>Answering
9674 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
9675 call from the Gnash project</a> for
9676 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
9677 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
9678 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
9679 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
9680 releases out more often.</p>
9681
9682 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
9683 I have considered setting up a <a
9684 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
9685 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
9686 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
9687 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
9688 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
9689 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
9690 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
9691 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
9692 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
9693 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
9694 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
9695 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
9696
9697       </div>
9698       <div class="tags">
9699
9700
9701         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9702
9703
9704       </div>
9705     </div>
9706     <div class="padding"></div>
9707
9708     <div class="entry">
9709       <div class="title">
9710         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
9711       </div>
9712       <div class="date">
9713          7th November 2010
9714       </div>
9715       <div class="body">
9716         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
9717 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
9718 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
9719 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
9720 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
9721 working using this DVD.</p>
9722
9723 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
9724 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
9725 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
9726 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
9727 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
9728 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
9729 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
9730
9731 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
9732 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
9733 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
9734 Debian archive.</p>
9735
9736 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
9737 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
9738 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
9739 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
9740 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
9741 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
9742 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
9743 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
9744 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
9745 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
9746 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
9747 free X driver should work.</p>
9748
9749 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
9750 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
9751 DVD more useful again.</p>
9752
9753       </div>
9754       <div class="tags">
9755
9756
9757         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9758
9759
9760       </div>
9761     </div>
9762     <div class="padding"></div>
9763
9764     <div class="entry">
9765       <div class="title">
9766         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
9767       </div>
9768       <div class="date">
9769         24th October 2010
9770       </div>
9771       <div class="body">
9772         <p>Some updates.</p>
9773
9774 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
9775 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
9776 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
9777 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
9778 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
9779 :)</p>
9780
9781 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
9782 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
9783 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
9784 It is called
9785 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
9786 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
9787 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
9788 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
9789 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
9790 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
9791
9792 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
9793 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
9794 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
9795 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
9796 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
9797 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
9798 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
9799 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
9800 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
9801 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
9802
9803       </div>
9804       <div class="tags">
9805
9806
9807         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
9808
9809
9810       </div>
9811     </div>
9812     <div class="padding"></div>
9813
9814     <div class="entry">
9815       <div class="title">
9816         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
9817       </div>
9818       <div class="date">
9819          4th September 2010
9820       </div>
9821       <div class="body">
9822         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
9823 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
9824 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
9825 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
9826 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
9827 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
9828 installed.</p>
9829
9830 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
9831 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
9832 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
9833 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
9834 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9835 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
9836 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
9837 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
9838 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
9839
9840 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
9841 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
9842 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
9843 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
9844 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
9845 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
9846 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
9847 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
9848 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
9849 pages they want to visit.</p>
9850
9851 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
9852 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
9853 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
9854 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
9855 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
9856 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
9857 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
9858 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
9859 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
9860 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
9861 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
9862
9863       </div>
9864       <div class="tags">
9865
9866
9867         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9868
9869
9870       </div>
9871     </div>
9872     <div class="padding"></div>
9873
9874     <div class="entry">
9875       <div class="title">
9876         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
9877       </div>
9878       <div class="date">
9879         30th August 2010
9880       </div>
9881       <div class="body">
9882         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
9883 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
9884 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
9885 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
9886 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
9887 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
9888 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
9889
9890 <pre>
9891 % ln foo bar
9892 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
9893 %
9894 </pre>
9895
9896 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
9897 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
9898 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
9899 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
9900 nevertheless. :)</p>
9901
9902 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
9903 git from
9904 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
9905
9906       </div>
9907       <div class="tags">
9908
9909
9910         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9911
9912
9913       </div>
9914     </div>
9915     <div class="padding"></div>
9916
9917     <div class="entry">
9918       <div class="title">
9919         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
9920       </div>
9921       <div class="date">
9922         26th August 2010
9923       </div>
9924       <div class="body">
9925         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
9926 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
9927 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
9928 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
9929 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
9930 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
9931 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
9932 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
9933 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
9934 Løsningen leveres av
9935 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
9936 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
9937 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
9938 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
9939 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
9940 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
9941 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
9942 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
9943 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
9944
9945       </div>
9946       <div class="tags">
9947
9948
9949         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9950
9951
9952       </div>
9953     </div>
9954     <div class="padding"></div>
9955
9956     <div class="entry">
9957       <div class="title">
9958         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
9959       </div>
9960       <div class="date">
9961         26th August 2010
9962       </div>
9963       <div class="body">
9964         <p>My file system sematics program
9965 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
9966 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
9967 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
9968 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
9969 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
9970 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
9971 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
9972 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
9973 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
9974 script:</p>
9975
9976 <pre>
9977 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
9978   mode_t retval = 0;
9979   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
9980   if (-1 != fd) {
9981     unlink(name);
9982     struct stat statbuf;
9983     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
9984       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
9985     }
9986     close(fd);
9987   }
9988   return retval;
9989 }
9990
9991 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
9992 int test_umask(void) {
9993   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
9994
9995   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
9996   mode_t newmode;
9997   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
9998     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
9999            newmode);
10000   }
10001   umask(007);
10002   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10003     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10004            newmode);
10005   }
10006
10007   umask (orig_umask);
10008   return 0;
10009 }
10010
10011 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10012   [...]
10013   test_umask();
10014   return 0;
10015 }
10016 </pre>
10017
10018 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10019
10020 <pre>
10021 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10022 info: testing symlink creation
10023 info: testing subdirectory creation
10024 info: testing fcntl locking
10025   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10026   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10027   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10028   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10029   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10030   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10031 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10032 </pre>
10033
10034 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10035 result:</p>
10036
10037 <pre>
10038 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10039 info: testing symlink creation
10040 info: testing subdirectory creation
10041 info: testing fcntl locking
10042   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10043   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10044   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10045   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10046   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10047   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10048 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10049   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10050   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10051 </pre>
10052
10053 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10054 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10055 directory.</p>
10056
10057 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10058 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10059
10060 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10061 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10062 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10063
10064       </div>
10065       <div class="tags">
10066
10067
10068         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10069
10070
10071       </div>
10072     </div>
10073     <div class="padding"></div>
10074
10075     <div class="entry">
10076       <div class="title">
10077         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
10078       </div>
10079       <div class="date">
10080          9th August 2010
10081       </div>
10082       <div class="body">
10083         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
10084 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
10085 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
10086 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
10087 generated configuration.</p>
10088
10089 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
10090 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
10091 without any manual configuration.</p>
10092
10093 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
10094 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
10095 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
10096 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
10097 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
10098 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
10099 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
10100 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
10101 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
10102 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
10103 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
10104 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
10105 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
10106 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
10107 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
10108 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
10109 use.</p>
10110
10111 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
10112 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
10113 working properly out of the box:</p>
10114
10115 <ul>
10116 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
10117 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
10118 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
10119 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
10120 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
10121 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
10122 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
10123 </ul>
10124
10125 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
10126
10127 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
10128 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
10129 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
10130 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
10131 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
10132
10133 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
10134 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
10135 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
10136 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
10137 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
10138 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
10139 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
10140 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
10141
10142 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
10143 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
10144 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
10145 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
10146 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
10147 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
10148 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
10149 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
10150 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
10151 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
10152 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
10153 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10154 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
10155 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
10156 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
10157 current DNS domain is used.</p>
10158
10159 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
10160 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
10161 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
10162 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
10163 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
10164 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
10165 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
10166 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
10167 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
10168 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
10169 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
10170 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
10171 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
10172
10173 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
10174 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
10175 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
10176 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
10177 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
10178 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
10179 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
10180 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
10181 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
10182 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
10183 do for now. :)</p>
10184
10185 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
10186 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
10187 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
10188 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
10189 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
10190 yet.</p>
10191
10192 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10193 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10194
10195 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
10196 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
10197 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
10198 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
10199
10200       </div>
10201       <div class="tags">
10202
10203
10204         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10205
10206
10207       </div>
10208     </div>
10209     <div class="padding"></div>
10210
10211     <div class="entry">
10212       <div class="title">
10213         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
10214       </div>
10215       <div class="date">
10216          8th August 2010
10217       </div>
10218       <div class="body">
10219         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
10220 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
10221 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
10222 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
10223 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
10224 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
10225 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
10226
10227 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
10228 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
10229 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
10230 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
10231 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
10232 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
10233 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
10234
10235 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
10236 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
10237 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
10238 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
10239 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
10240
10241 <pre>
10242 /*
10243  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
10244  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
10245  * directory.
10246  * License: GPL v2 or later
10247  *
10248  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
10249  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
10250 */
10251
10252 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
10253 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
10254 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
10255
10256 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
10257
10258 #include &lt;errno.h>
10259 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
10260 #include &lt;stdio.h>
10261 #include &lt;string.h>
10262 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
10263 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
10264 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
10265 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
10266 #include &lt;unistd.h>
10267
10268 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10269 /*
10270  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
10271  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
10272  * below.
10273  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
10274  */
10275 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
10276 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
10277   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
10278 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
10279   char *zErrMsg;
10280   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10281   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
10282   unlink(name);
10283   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
10284   if( rc ){
10285     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
10286     sqlite3_close(db);
10287     return -1;
10288   }
10289
10290   /* create tables */
10291   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
10292   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
10293     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
10294     sqlite3_close(db);
10295     return -1;
10296   }
10297   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
10298   sqlite3_close(db);
10299   return 0;
10300 }
10301 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10302
10303 /*
10304  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
10305  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
10306  * done in the sqlite3 library.
10307  * See also
10308  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
10309  * POSIX specification
10310  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
10311  */
10312 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
10313   struct flock fl;
10314   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10315   unlink(name);
10316   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
10317   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
10318
10319   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
10320   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
10321   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10322   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10323   fl.l_len    = 1;
10324   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10325   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10326
10327   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10328   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10329   fl.l_len    = 510;
10330   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10331   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10332
10333   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10334   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10335   fl.l_len    = 1;
10336   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10337   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10338
10339   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10340   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10341   fl.l_len    = 1;
10342   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
10343   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10344
10345   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10346   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10347   fl.l_len    = 510;
10348   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10349
10350   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
10351   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10352   fl.l_len    = 2;
10353   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10354   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10355
10356   close(fd);
10357   return 0;
10358 }
10359
10360 /*
10361  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
10362  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
10363  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
10364  * slowing down file operations.
10365  */
10366 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
10367 #define LEVELS 5
10368   char *path = strdup("test");
10369   char *dirs[LEVELS];
10370   int level;
10371   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
10372   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
10373     char *newpath = NULL;
10374     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
10375       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
10376              path, strerror(errno));
10377       break;
10378     }
10379     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
10380     free(path);
10381     path = newpath;
10382   }
10383   return 0;
10384 }
10385
10386 /*
10387  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
10388  * KDE.
10389  */
10390 int test_symlinks(void) {
10391   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
10392   unlink("symlink");
10393   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
10394     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
10395   return 0;
10396 }
10397
10398 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10399   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
10400   test_symlinks();
10401   test_subdirectory_creation();
10402 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10403   test_sqlite_open();
10404 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10405   test_gcompris_locking();
10406   return 0;
10407 }
10408 </pre>
10409
10410 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
10411 this:</p>
10412
10413 <pre>
10414 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10415 info: testing symlink creation
10416 info: testing subdirectory creation
10417 info: sqlite worked
10418 info: testing fcntl locking
10419   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10420   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10421   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10422   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10423   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10424   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10425 </pre>
10426
10427 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
10428 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
10429 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
10430 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
10431 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
10432 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
10433 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
10434 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
10435
10436 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
10437 it. :)</p>
10438
10439 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10440 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10441 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10442
10443       </div>
10444       <div class="tags">
10445
10446
10447         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10448
10449
10450       </div>
10451     </div>
10452     <div class="padding"></div>
10453
10454     <div class="entry">
10455       <div class="title">
10456         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
10457       </div>
10458       <div class="date">
10459          7th August 2010
10460       </div>
10461       <div class="body">
10462         <p>A few days ago, I
10463 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
10464 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
10465 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
10466 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
10467 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
10468 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
10469 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
10470 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
10471 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
10472
10473 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
10474 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
10475 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
10476 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
10477 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
10478 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
10479 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
10480 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
10481 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
10482 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
10483 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
10484 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
10485 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
10486 gave it a IP address.</p>
10487
10488 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
10489 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
10490 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
10491 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
10492 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
10493 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10494 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
10495 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
10496
10497 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
10498 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
10499 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
10500 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
10501 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
10502 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
10503
10504 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
10505 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
10506 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
10507 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
10508 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
10509 with UID and GID values.</p>
10510
10511 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10512 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10513
10514       </div>
10515       <div class="tags">
10516
10517
10518         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10519
10520
10521       </div>
10522     </div>
10523     <div class="padding"></div>
10524
10525     <div class="entry">
10526       <div class="title">
10527         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
10528       </div>
10529       <div class="date">
10530          3rd August 2010
10531       </div>
10532       <div class="body">
10533         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
10534 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
10535 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
10536 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
10537 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
10538 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
10539 servers.</p>
10540
10541 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
10542 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
10543 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
10544 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
10545 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
10546 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
10547 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
10548 .uio.no.</p>
10549
10550 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
10551 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
10552 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
10553 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
10554 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
10555 university servers.</p>
10556
10557 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
10558 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
10559 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
10560 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
10561 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
10562 uses.</p>
10563
10564       </div>
10565       <div class="tags">
10566
10567
10568         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10569
10570
10571       </div>
10572     </div>
10573     <div class="padding"></div>
10574
10575     <div class="entry">
10576       <div class="title">
10577         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
10578       </div>
10579       <div class="date">
10580         27th July 2010
10581       </div>
10582       <div class="body">
10583         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
10584 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
10585 completed.</p>
10586
10587 <blockquote>
10588 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
10589 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
10590 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
10591 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
10592 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
10593 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
10594 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
10595 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
10596
10597 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
10598 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
10599 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
10600
10601 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
10602 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
10603 much.</p>
10604
10605 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
10606
10607 <ul>
10608 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
10609 <ul>
10610   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
10611          combination with some new artwork
10612   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
10613   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
10614   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
10615   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
10616   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
10617   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
10618   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
10619   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
10620   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
10621 </ul></li>
10622 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
10623     Enabled for:
10624 <ul>
10625   <li>PAM
10626   <li>LDAP
10627   <li>IMAP
10628   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
10629 </ul>
10630 </li>
10631 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
10632 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
10633     fetched from LDAP.</li>
10634 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
10635 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
10636 </ul>
10637 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
10638
10639 <ul>
10640 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
10641     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
10642     for testing.</li>
10643 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
10644     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
10645     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
10646 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
10647 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
10648 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
10649 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
10650     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
10651 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
10652     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
10653     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
10654 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
10655     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
10656     and help out with translations.</li>
10657 </ul>
10658
10659 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
10660
10661 <ul>
10662 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10663 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10664 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10665 </ul>
10666 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
10667
10668 <ul>
10669 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10670 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10671 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10672 </ul>
10673
10674 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
10675 get closer to the final release.</p>
10676
10677 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
10678
10679 <ul>
10680 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10681 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10682 </ul>
10683
10684 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
10685 <ul>
10686 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10687 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10688 </ul>
10689 <p>How to report bugs:
10690 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
10691
10692 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
10693 </blockquote>
10694
10695       </div>
10696       <div class="tags">
10697
10698
10699         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10700
10701
10702       </div>
10703     </div>
10704     <div class="padding"></div>
10705
10706     <div class="entry">
10707       <div class="title">
10708         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
10709       </div>
10710       <div class="date">
10711         25th July 2010
10712       </div>
10713       <div class="body">
10714         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
10715 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
10716 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
10717 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
10718 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
10719
10720 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
10721 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
10722 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
10723 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
10724 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
10725 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
10726 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
10727
10728 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
10729 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
10730 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
10731 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
10732 up. :)</p>
10733
10734 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
10735 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
10736 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
10737
10738 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
10739 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
10740 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
10741 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
10742 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
10743 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
10744 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
10745 release another day.</p>
10746
10747 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
10748 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10749
10750       </div>
10751       <div class="tags">
10752
10753
10754         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
10755
10756
10757       </div>
10758     </div>
10759     <div class="padding"></div>
10760
10761     <div class="entry">
10762       <div class="title">
10763         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
10764       </div>
10765       <div class="date">
10766         17th July 2010
10767       </div>
10768       <div class="body">
10769         <p>This is a
10770 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
10771 on my
10772 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
10773 work</a> on
10774 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
10775 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
10776
10777 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
10778 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
10779 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
10780 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
10781
10782 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
10783 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
10784 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
10785
10786 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
10787
10788 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
10789 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
10790 the web.
10791
10792 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
10793 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
10794 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
10795 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
10796 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
10797 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
10798
10799 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
10800 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
10801 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
10802 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
10803 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
10804 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
10805 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
10806 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
10807 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
10808 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
10809 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
10810 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
10811 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
10812 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
10813 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
10814 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
10815
10816 <blockquote><pre>
10817 ldapsearch -h ldap \
10818   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
10819   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10820   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10821   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10822   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10823   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10824
10825 ldapsearch -h ldap \
10826   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
10827   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
10828   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
10829   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
10830   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
10831 </pre></blockquote>
10832
10833 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
10834 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
10835 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
10836 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10837 also exist.</p>
10838
10839 <blockquote><pre>
10840 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10841 objectclass: top
10842 objectclass: dnsdomain
10843 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10844 dc: tjener
10845 arecord: 10.0.2.2
10846 associateddomain: tjener.intern
10847
10848 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10849 objectclass: top
10850 objectclass: dnsdomain2
10851 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10852 dc: 2
10853 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
10854 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
10855 </pre></blockquote>
10856
10857 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
10858 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
10859 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
10860 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
10861 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
10862 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
10863 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
10864 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
10865 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
10866 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
10867 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
10868 instead.</p>
10869
10870 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
10871 like this:</p>
10872
10873 <blockquote><pre>
10874 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10875   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10876   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10877   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10878   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10879   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10880
10881 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10882   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
10883 </pre></blockquote>
10884
10885 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
10886 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
10887 reverse lookups.</p>
10888
10889 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
10890 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
10891 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
10892 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
10893
10894 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
10895 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
10896 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
10897
10898 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
10899 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
10900 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
10901 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
10902 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
10903
10904 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
10905 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
10906 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
10907 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
10908 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
10909
10910 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
10911 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
10912 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
10913 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
10914 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
10915 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
10916
10917 <blockquote><pre>
10918 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
10919     SUP top
10920     AUXILIARY
10921     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
10922           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
10923           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
10924           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
10925           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
10926     ))
10927 </pre></blockquote>
10928
10929 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
10930 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
10931 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
10932 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
10933 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
10934 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
10935
10936 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
10937
10938 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
10939 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
10940 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
10941 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
10942 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
10943
10944 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
10945 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
10946 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
10947 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
10948
10949 <blockquote><pre>
10950 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
10951 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
10952 </pre></blockquote>
10953
10954 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
10955 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
10956 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
10957 search result is this entry:</p>
10958
10959 <blockquote><pre>
10960 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10961 cn: dhcp
10962 objectClass: top
10963 objectClass: dhcpServer
10964 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10965 </pre></blockquote>
10966
10967 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
10968 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
10969 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
10970 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
10971 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
10972 The search result is this entry:</p>
10973
10974 <blockquote><pre>
10975 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10976 cn: DHCP Config
10977 objectClass: top
10978 objectClass: dhcpService
10979 objectClass: dhcpOptions
10980 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10981 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
10982 dhcpStatements: authoritative
10983 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
10984 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
10985 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
10986 </pre></blockquote>
10987
10988 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
10989 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
10990 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
10991 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
10992 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
10993 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
10994 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
10995 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
10996 related computer objects.</p>
10997
10998 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
10999 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11000 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11001 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11002 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11003 like:</p>
11004
11005 <blockquote><pre>
11006 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11007 cn: hostname
11008 objectClass: top
11009 objectClass: dhcpHost
11010 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11011 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11012 </pre></blockquote>
11013
11014 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11015 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11016 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11017 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11018 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11019 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11020 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11021 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11022 structural object class.
11023
11024 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11025
11026 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11027 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11028 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11029 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11030 in the configuration.</p>
11031
11032 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11033 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11034 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11035 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11036 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11037 structure.</p>
11038
11039 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11040 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11041
11042 <blockquote><pre>
11043 ou=services
11044   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11045     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11046     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11047       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11048         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11049     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11050       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11051         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11052     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11053       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11054 </pre></blockquote>
11055
11056 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11057 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11058 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11059 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11060
11061 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11062 like this:</p>
11063
11064 <blockquote><pre>
11065 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11066 dc: hostname
11067 objectClass: top
11068 objectClass: dhcpHost
11069 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11070 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
11071 associateddomain: hostname.intern
11072 arecord: 10.11.12.13
11073 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11074 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
11075 </pre></blockquote>
11076
11077 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
11078 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
11079 auxiliary object class.</p>
11080
11081       </div>
11082       <div class="tags">
11083
11084
11085         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11086
11087
11088       </div>
11089     </div>
11090     <div class="padding"></div>
11091
11092     <div class="entry">
11093       <div class="title">
11094         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
11095       </div>
11096       <div class="date">
11097         14th July 2010
11098       </div>
11099       <div class="body">
11100         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
11101 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
11102 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
11103 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
11104 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
11105
11106 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
11107 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
11108
11109 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
11110 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
11111 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
11112 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
11113 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
11114 to a slave DNS server.</p>
11115
11116 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
11117 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
11118 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
11119 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
11120 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
11121 seem to work.</p>
11122
11123 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
11124 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
11125 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
11126 this:</p>
11127
11128 <blockquote><pre>
11129   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11130   cn: hostname
11131   objectClass: dhcphost
11132   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11133   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
11134   associateddomain: hostname.intern
11135   arecord: 10.11.12.13
11136   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11137   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
11138   ldapconfigsound: Y
11139 </pre></blockquote>
11140
11141 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
11142 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
11143 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
11144 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
11145
11146 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
11147 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
11148 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
11149 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
11150 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
11151 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
11152 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
11153 might be a good place to put it.</p>
11154
11155 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11156 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11157
11158       </div>
11159       <div class="tags">
11160
11161
11162         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11163
11164
11165       </div>
11166     </div>
11167     <div class="padding"></div>
11168
11169     <div class="entry">
11170       <div class="title">
11171         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
11172       </div>
11173       <div class="date">
11174         11th July 2010
11175       </div>
11176       <div class="body">
11177         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
11178 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
11179 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
11180 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
11181
11182 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
11183 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
11184 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
11185 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
11186 LTSP clients.</p>
11187
11188 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
11189 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
11190 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
11191
11192 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
11193 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
11194 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
11195
11196 <blockquote><pre>
11197 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
11198 #
11199 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
11200 #
11201 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
11202 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
11203 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
11204 #
11205 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
11206 # existence of attribute names.
11207 #
11208 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
11209 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
11210 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
11211 #
11212 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
11213 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
11214 #
11215 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
11216 #     SUP top
11217 #     AUXILIARY
11218 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
11219
11220 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
11221 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
11222     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
11223     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
11224         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
11225         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
11226             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
11227             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
11228             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
11229             # bass value on to clients
11230             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
11231         done
11232     done
11233 fi
11234 </pre></blockquote>
11235
11236 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
11237 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
11238 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
11239 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
11240 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
11241
11242 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11243 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11244
11245 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
11246 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
11247 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
11248 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
11249 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
11250 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
11251
11252       </div>
11253       <div class="tags">
11254
11255
11256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11257
11258
11259       </div>
11260     </div>
11261     <div class="padding"></div>
11262
11263     <div class="entry">
11264       <div class="title">
11265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11266       </div>
11267       <div class="date">
11268          9th July 2010
11269       </div>
11270       <div class="body">
11271         <p>Since
11272 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
11273 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
11274 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
11275 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
11276 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
11277 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
11278 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
11279 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
11280 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
11281 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
11282 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
11283 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
11284 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
11285
11286       </div>
11287       <div class="tags">
11288
11289
11290         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11291
11292
11293       </div>
11294     </div>
11295     <div class="padding"></div>
11296
11297     <div class="entry">
11298       <div class="title">
11299         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
11300       </div>
11301       <div class="date">
11302          3rd July 2010
11303       </div>
11304       <div class="body">
11305         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
11306 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
11307 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
11308 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
11309 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
11310 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
11311 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
11312 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
11313
11314 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
11315 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
11316 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
11317 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
11318 publish the difference.</p>
11319
11320 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11321
11322 <blockquote><p>
11323   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11324   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
11325   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
11326   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11327   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
11328   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11329   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
11330   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
11331 </p></blockquote>
11332
11333 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11334
11335 <blockquote><p>
11336   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
11337   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
11338   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
11339   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
11340   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
11341   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
11342   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11343   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11344   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11345   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11346   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
11347   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
11348   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
11349   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
11350   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
11351   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11352   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
11353   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
11354   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
11355   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
11356 </p></blockquote>
11357
11358 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11359
11360 <blockquote><p>
11361   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
11362   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
11363   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11364   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11365   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
11366   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
11367   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
11368   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11369   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11370   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11371   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11372   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
11373   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
11374   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
11375   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
11376   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
11377   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
11378   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
11379   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
11380   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
11381   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
11382 </p></blockquote>
11383
11384 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11385
11386 <blockquote><p>
11387   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
11388   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
11389   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
11390 </p></blockquote>
11391
11392 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
11393 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
11394 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
11395 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
11396 the difference somewhat.
11397
11398       </div>
11399       <div class="tags">
11400
11401
11402         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11403
11404
11405       </div>
11406     </div>
11407     <div class="padding"></div>
11408
11409     <div class="entry">
11410       <div class="title">
11411         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
11412       </div>
11413       <div class="date">
11414          1st July 2010
11415       </div>
11416       <div class="body">
11417         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
11418 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
11419 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
11420 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
11421 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
11422 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
11423 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
11424 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
11425 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
11426
11427 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
11428
11429 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
11430 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
11431 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
11432 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
11433 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
11434 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
11435 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
11436 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
11437 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
11438 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
11439 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
11440 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
11441 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
11442 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
11443 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
11444
11445 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
11446
11447 <blockquote><pre>
11448 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
11449 </pre></blockquote>
11450
11451 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
11452 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
11453 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
11454 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
11455 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
11456 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
11457 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
11458 on how to get this working.</p>
11459
11460 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
11461 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
11462 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
11463 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
11464 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
11465 instructions I found in the
11466 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
11467 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
11468
11469 <blockquote><pre>
11470         debug-level             0
11471         reload-count            unlimited
11472         paranoia                no
11473
11474         enable-cache            passwd          yes
11475         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
11476         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
11477         suggested-size          passwd          211
11478         check-files             passwd          yes
11479         persistent              passwd          yes
11480         shared                  passwd          yes
11481         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
11482         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
11483
11484         enable-cache            group           yes
11485         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
11486         negative-time-to-live   group           20
11487         suggested-size          group           211
11488         check-files             group           yes
11489         persistent              group           yes
11490         shared                  group           yes
11491         max-db-size             group           33554432
11492         auto-propagate          group           yes
11493
11494         enable-cache            hosts           no
11495         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
11496         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
11497         suggested-size          hosts           211
11498         check-files             hosts           yes
11499         persistent              hosts           yes
11500         shared                  hosts           yes
11501         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
11502
11503         enable-cache            services        yes
11504         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
11505         negative-time-to-live   services        20
11506         suggested-size          services        211
11507         check-files             services        yes
11508         persistent              services        yes
11509         shared                  services        yes
11510         max-db-size             services        33554432
11511 </pre></blockquote>
11512
11513 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
11514 automatically like the one provided in
11515 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
11516 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
11517 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
11518 look like this:</p>
11519
11520 <blockquote><pre>
11521 passwd:         files ldap
11522 group:          files ldap
11523 shadow:         files ldap
11524 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
11525 networks:       files
11526 protocols:      files
11527 services:       files
11528 ethers:         files
11529 rpc:            files
11530 netgroup:       files ldap
11531 </pre></blockquote>
11532
11533 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
11534 shadow and netgroup.</p>
11535
11536 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
11537 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
11538 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
11539 attributes cached.
11540
11541 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
11542   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
11543
11544 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
11545 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
11546 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
11547 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
11548 discovered sssd.</p>
11549
11550 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
11551
11552 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
11553 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
11554 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
11555 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
11556 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
11557 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
11558 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
11559 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
11560 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
11561 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
11562 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
11563 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
11564 version 1.2 is now in testing.
11565
11566 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
11567 roaming setup I want</p>
11568
11569 <blockquote><pre>
11570 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
11571 </pre></blockquote>
11572
11573 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
11574 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
11575
11576 <blockquote><pre>
11577 [sssd]
11578 config_file_version = 2
11579 reconnection_retries = 3
11580 sbus_timeout = 30
11581 services = nss, pam
11582 domains = INTERN
11583
11584 [nss]
11585 filter_groups = root
11586 filter_users = root
11587 reconnection_retries = 3
11588
11589 [pam]
11590 reconnection_retries = 3
11591
11592 [domain/INTERN]
11593 enumerate = false
11594 cache_credentials = true
11595
11596 id_provider = ldap
11597 auth_provider = ldap
11598 chpass_provider = ldap
11599
11600 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
11601 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11602 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
11603 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
11604 </pre></blockquote>
11605
11606 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
11607 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
11608
11609 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
11610 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
11611 modify it manually.</p>
11612
11613 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11614 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11615
11616       </div>
11617       <div class="tags">
11618
11619
11620         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11621
11622
11623       </div>
11624     </div>
11625     <div class="padding"></div>
11626
11627     <div class="entry">
11628       <div class="title">
11629         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11630       </div>
11631       <div class="date">
11632         28th June 2010
11633       </div>
11634       <div class="body">
11635         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
11636 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
11637 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
11638 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
11639 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
11640 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
11641 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
11642 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
11643 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
11644 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
11645
11646 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
11647 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
11648 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
11649 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
11650 released.</p>
11651
11652 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
11653 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
11654 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
11655 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
11656
11657 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
11658 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11659
11660 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
11661 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
11662 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
11663 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
11664 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
11665
11666       </div>
11667       <div class="tags">
11668
11669
11670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11671
11672
11673       </div>
11674     </div>
11675     <div class="padding"></div>
11676
11677     <div class="entry">
11678       <div class="title">
11679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
11680       </div>
11681       <div class="date">
11682         24th June 2010
11683       </div>
11684       <div class="body">
11685         <p>A while back, I
11686 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
11687 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
11688 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
11689 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
11690
11691 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
11692 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
11693 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
11694 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
11695
11696 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
11697 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
11698 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
11699 Debian Edu.</p>
11700
11701 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
11702 the
11703 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
11704 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
11705 available today from IETF.</p>
11706
11707 <pre>
11708 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
11709 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
11710 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
11711  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
11712         NAME 'dhcpHost'
11713         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
11714 -       SUP top
11715 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
11716         MUST cn
11717         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
11718         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
11719 </pre>
11720
11721 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
11722 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
11723 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
11724
11725 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11726 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11727
11728       </div>
11729       <div class="tags">
11730
11731
11732         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11733
11734
11735       </div>
11736     </div>
11737     <div class="padding"></div>
11738
11739     <div class="entry">
11740       <div class="title">
11741         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
11742       </div>
11743       <div class="date">
11744         13th June 2010
11745       </div>
11746       <div class="body">
11747         <p>My
11748 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
11749 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
11750 finally made the upgrade logs available from
11751 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
11752 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
11753 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
11754 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
11755
11756 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
11757 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
11758 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
11759 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
11760 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
11761 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
11762 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
11763 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
11764
11765 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
11766 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
11767 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
11768 too surprising.</p>
11769
11770 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
11771 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
11772 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
11773 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
11774 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
11775 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
11776 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
11777 continue.</p>
11778
11779 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
11780 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
11781   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
11782   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
11783   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
11784   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
11785   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
11786   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11787   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11788   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11789   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11790   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11791   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11792   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11793   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11794   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11795   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11796   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11797   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11798   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11799   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11800   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11801   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11802   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11803   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11804   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11805   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11806   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11807   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
11808   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
11809
11810 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
11811
11812 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
11813   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
11814   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
11815   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
11816   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11817   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
11818   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
11819   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
11820   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
11821   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
11822   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11823   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
11824   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11825   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
11826   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
11827   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
11828   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
11829   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
11830   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
11831   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
11832   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
11833   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
11834   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
11835   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
11836   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11837   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
11838   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
11839   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
11840   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
11841   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11842   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
11843   zip</p>
11844
11845 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
11846
11847 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
11848   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
11849   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
11850   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
11851   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
11852   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
11853   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11854   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11855   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11856   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11857   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11858   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11859   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11860   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11861   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11862   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11863   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11864   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11865   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11866   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11867   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11868   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11869   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11870   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11871   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11872   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11873   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11874   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
11875
11876 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
11877 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
11878   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11879   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
11880   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
11881   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11882   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
11883   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
11884   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11885   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
11886   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
11887   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
11888   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
11889   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
11890   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
11891   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
11892   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
11893   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11894   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11895   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11896   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
11897   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11898   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
11899   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
11900   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11901   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11902   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
11903   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
11904   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
11905   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
11906   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
11907   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
11908   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
11909   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
11910   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
11911   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11912   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
11913   xulrunner-1.9</p>
11914
11915
11916       </div>
11917       <div class="tags">
11918
11919
11920         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11921
11922
11923       </div>
11924     </div>
11925     <div class="padding"></div>
11926
11927     <div class="entry">
11928       <div class="title">
11929         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
11930       </div>
11931       <div class="date">
11932         11th June 2010
11933       </div>
11934       <div class="body">
11935         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
11936 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
11937 have been discovered and reported in the process
11938 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
11939 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
11940 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
11941 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
11942 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
11943
11944 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
11945 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
11946 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
11947 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
11948 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
11949 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
11950
11951 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
11952 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
11953 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
11954 is created.  The bug report
11955 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
11956 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
11957 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
11958 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
11959 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
11960 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
11961 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
11962 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
11963 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
11964 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
11965 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
11966 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
11967 Debian Squeeze.</p>
11968
11969 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
11970 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
11971 trick:</p>
11972
11973 <blockquote><pre>
11974 #!/bin/sh
11975 set -ex
11976
11977 if [ "$1" ] ; then
11978     desktop=$1
11979 else
11980     desktop=gnome
11981 fi
11982
11983 from=lenny
11984 to=squeeze
11985
11986 exec &lt; /dev/null
11987 unset LANG
11988 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
11989 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
11990 fuser -mv .
11991 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
11992 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
11993 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
11994 #!/bin/sh
11995 exit 101
11996 EOF
11997 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
11998 exit_cleanup() {
11999     umount $tmpdir/proc
12000 }
12001 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12002 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12003 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12004
12005 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12006
12007 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12008 # to return the correct answers.
12009 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12010     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12011
12012 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12013 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12014     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12015 #!/bin/sh
12016 exit 2
12017 EOF
12018     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12019 done
12020
12021 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12022 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12023 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12024 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12025
12026 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12027 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12028 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12029 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12030 fuser -mv
12031 </pre></blockquote>
12032
12033 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12034 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12035 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12036 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12037 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12038 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12039
12040 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12041 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12042 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12043 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12044 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12045 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12046 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12047
12048 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12049 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12050 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12051 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12052 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12053 packages.</p>
12054
12055       </div>
12056       <div class="tags">
12057
12058
12059         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12060
12061
12062       </div>
12063     </div>
12064     <div class="padding"></div>
12065
12066     <div class="entry">
12067       <div class="title">
12068         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
12069       </div>
12070       <div class="date">
12071          9th June 2010
12072       </div>
12073       <div class="body">
12074         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
12075 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
12076 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
12077 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
12078 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
12079 blygsel:</p>
12080
12081 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
12082 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
12083 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
12084 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
12085 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
12086 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
12087
12088 <p>En <a
12089 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
12090 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
12091 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
12092 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
12093 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
12094 nettet sendte meg til
12095 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
12096 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
12097
12098 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
12099 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
12100 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
12101 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
12102 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
12103
12104 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
12105 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
12106 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
12107 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
12108 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
12109 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
12110 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
12111 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
12112 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
12113
12114 <blockquote>
12115 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
12116 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
12117 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
12118 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
12119 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
12120 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
12121 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
12122 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12123
12124 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
12125 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
12126 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
12127 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
12128 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
12129 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
12130 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
12131 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
12132 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
12133 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12134
12135 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
12136 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
12137 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
12138 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
12139
12140 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
12141 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
12142 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
12143 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
12144 arbeid.</p>
12145 </blockquote>
12146
12147 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
12148 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
12149 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
12150 minner.</p>
12151
12152       </div>
12153       <div class="tags">
12154
12155
12156         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12157
12158
12159       </div>
12160     </div>
12161     <div class="padding"></div>
12162
12163     <div class="entry">
12164       <div class="title">
12165         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
12166       </div>
12167       <div class="date">
12168          6th June 2010
12169       </div>
12170       <div class="body">
12171         <p>Via the
12172 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
12173 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
12174 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
12175 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
12176 following the standards wars of today.</p>
12177
12178       </div>
12179       <div class="tags">
12180
12181
12182         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
12183
12184
12185       </div>
12186     </div>
12187     <div class="padding"></div>
12188
12189     <div class="entry">
12190       <div class="title">
12191         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
12192       </div>
12193       <div class="date">
12194          3rd June 2010
12195       </div>
12196       <div class="body">
12197         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
12198 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
12199 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
12200 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
12201 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
12202
12203 <blockquote><pre>
12204 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
12205   vendor                    count
12206   Dell Computer Corporation     1
12207     PowerEdge 1750              1
12208   IBM                           1
12209     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
12210   Intel                         2
12211   [no-dmi-info]                 3
12212 maintainer:~#
12213 </pre></blockquote>
12214
12215 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
12216 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
12217 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
12218 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
12219 option to list the individual machines.</p>
12220
12221 <p>A larger list is
12222 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
12223 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
12224 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
12225 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
12226 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
12227 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
12228 collector.</p>
12229
12230       </div>
12231       <div class="tags">
12232
12233
12234         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12235
12236
12237       </div>
12238     </div>
12239     <div class="padding"></div>
12240
12241     <div class="entry">
12242       <div class="title">
12243         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
12244       </div>
12245       <div class="date">
12246          1st June 2010
12247       </div>
12248       <div class="body">
12249         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
12250 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
12251 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
12252 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
12253 wait.</p>
12254
12255 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
12256 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
12257 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
12258 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
12259 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
12260 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
12261
12262 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
12263 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
12264 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
12265 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
12266 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
12267 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
12268 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
12269 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
12270
12271 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
12272
12273       </div>
12274       <div class="tags">
12275
12276
12277         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12278
12279
12280       </div>
12281     </div>
12282     <div class="padding"></div>
12283
12284     <div class="entry">
12285       <div class="title">
12286         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
12287       </div>
12288       <div class="date">
12289         27th May 2010
12290       </div>
12291       <div class="body">
12292         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
12293 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
12294 issues are known and should be solved:
12295
12296 <p><ul>
12297
12298 <li>The wicd package seen to
12299 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
12300 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
12301 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
12302 seem to be on the case.</li>
12303
12304 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
12305 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
12306 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
12307 maintainer is on the case.</li>
12308
12309 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
12310 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
12311 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
12312 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
12313 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
12314 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
12315 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
12316 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
12317
12318 </ul></p>
12319
12320 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
12321 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
12322 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
12323 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
12324
12325 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12326 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12327 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12328 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12329
12330 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
12331
12332       </div>
12333       <div class="tags">
12334
12335
12336         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12337
12338
12339       </div>
12340     </div>
12341     <div class="padding"></div>
12342
12343     <div class="entry">
12344       <div class="title">
12345         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
12346       </div>
12347       <div class="date">
12348         22nd May 2010
12349       </div>
12350       <div class="body">
12351         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
12352 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
12353 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
12354 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
12355
12356 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
12357 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
12358 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
12359 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
12360 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
12361 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
12362 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
12363 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
12364 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
12365 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
12366 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
12367 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
12368 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
12369 going to work.</p>
12370
12371 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
12372 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
12373 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
12374 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
12375 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
12376 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
12377 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
12378 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
12379 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
12380 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
12381 Edu.</p>
12382
12383 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
12384 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
12385 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
12386 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
12387 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
12388 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
12389
12390 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
12391 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
12392
12393       </div>
12394       <div class="tags">
12395
12396
12397         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12398
12399
12400       </div>
12401     </div>
12402     <div class="padding"></div>
12403
12404     <div class="entry">
12405       <div class="title">
12406         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
12407       </div>
12408       <div class="date">
12409         19th May 2010
12410       </div>
12411       <div class="body">
12412         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
12413 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
12414 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
12415 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
12416 into unstable.  The
12417 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
12418 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
12419 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
12420 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
12421 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12422 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
12423 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
12424
12425 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
12426 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
12427 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
12428 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
12429 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
12430 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
12431 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
12432 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
12433
12434 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
12435 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
12436 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
12437 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
12438 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
12439 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
12440 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
12441
12442 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
12443 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
12444 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
12445 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
12446 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
12447 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
12448 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
12449 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
12450 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
12451 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
12452 on the home directory servers.</p>
12453
12454 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
12455 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
12456 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
12457 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
12458 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
12459 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
12460
12461 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12462 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12463
12464       </div>
12465       <div class="tags">
12466
12467
12468         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12469
12470
12471       </div>
12472     </div>
12473     <div class="padding"></div>
12474
12475     <div class="entry">
12476       <div class="title">
12477         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
12478       </div>
12479       <div class="date">
12480         14th May 2010
12481       </div>
12482       <div class="body">
12483         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
12484 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
12485 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
12486 expected, if I am to believe the
12487 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
12488 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
12489 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
12490 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
12491 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
12492 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
12493 version.</p>
12494
12495 More information about
12496 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
12497 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
12498 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
12499 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
12500
12501 <blockquote><pre>
12502 CONCURRENCY=none
12503 </pre></blockquote>
12504
12505 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12506 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12507 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12508 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12509
12510       </div>
12511       <div class="tags">
12512
12513
12514         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12515
12516
12517       </div>
12518     </div>
12519     <div class="padding"></div>
12520
12521     <div class="entry">
12522       <div class="title">
12523         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
12524       </div>
12525       <div class="date">
12526         14th May 2010
12527       </div>
12528       <div class="body">
12529         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
12530 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
12531 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
12532 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
12533 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
12534 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
12535 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
12536 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
12537
12538 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
12539 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
12540 this on the collector host:</p>
12541
12542 <blockquote><pre>
12543 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
12544 </pre></blockquote>
12545
12546 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
12547 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
12548
12549 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
12550 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
12551 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
12552 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
12553 written yet.</p>
12554
12555       </div>
12556       <div class="tags">
12557
12558
12559         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12560
12561
12562       </div>
12563     </div>
12564     <div class="padding"></div>
12565
12566     <div class="entry">
12567       <div class="title">
12568         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
12569       </div>
12570       <div class="date">
12571          2nd May 2010
12572       </div>
12573       <div class="body">
12574         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
12575 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
12576 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
12577
12578 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
12579 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
12580 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
12581 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
12582 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
12583
12584 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
12585 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
12586
12587 <blockquote><pre>
12588 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12589 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
12590 Password expires                                        : never
12591 Password inactive                                       : never
12592 Account expires                                         : never
12593 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12594 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
12595 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12596 root@tjener:~#
12597 </pre></blockquote>
12598
12599 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
12600 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
12601 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
12602 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
12603 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
12604 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
12605
12606 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
12607 intended:</p>
12608
12609 <blockquote><pre>
12610 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
12611 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12612 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
12613 Password expires                                        : never
12614 Password inactive                                       : never
12615 Account expires                                         : never
12616 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12617 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
12618 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12619 root@tjener:~#
12620 </pre></blockquote>
12621
12622 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
12623 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
12624 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
12625
12626 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
12627 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
12628
12629 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
12630 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12631
12632 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
12633 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
12634 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
12635 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
12636 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
12637 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
12638 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
12639
12640 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
12641 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
12642 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
12643 change.</p>
12644
12645       </div>
12646       <div class="tags">
12647
12648
12649         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12650
12651
12652       </div>
12653     </div>
12654     <div class="padding"></div>
12655
12656     <div class="entry">
12657       <div class="title">
12658         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
12659       </div>
12660       <div class="date">
12661         28th April 2010
12662       </div>
12663       <div class="body">
12664         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
12665 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
12666 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
12667 and go.</p>
12668
12669 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
12670 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
12671 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
12672 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
12673
12674 <ul>
12675
12676  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
12677    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
12678    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
12679    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
12680    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
12681    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
12682    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
12683    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
12684    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
12685    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
12686    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
12687    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
12688
12689  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
12690    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
12691    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
12692    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
12693    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12694    or the Fedora developed
12695    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
12696    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
12697
12698  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
12699    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
12700    directory, using unison.</li>
12701
12702  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
12703    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
12704    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
12705    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
12706    implemented.</li>
12707
12708  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
12709    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
12710
12711  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
12712    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
12713    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
12714
12715 </ul>
12716
12717 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
12718 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
12719 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
12720 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
12721 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
12722 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
12723 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
12724 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
12725 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
12726
12727 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12728 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12729
12730       </div>
12731       <div class="tags">
12732
12733
12734         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12735
12736
12737       </div>
12738     </div>
12739     <div class="padding"></div>
12740
12741     <div class="entry">
12742       <div class="title">
12743         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
12744       </div>
12745       <div class="date">
12746         14th April 2010
12747       </div>
12748       <div class="body">
12749         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
12750 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
12751 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
12752 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
12753 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
12754 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
12755 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
12756 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
12757 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
12758
12759 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
12760 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
12761 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
12762 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
12763 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
12764
12765 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
12766 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
12767
12768 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
12769 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
12770 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
12771 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
12772 to work properly.</p>
12773
12774 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
12775 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
12776 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
12777 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
12778 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
12779 time.</p>
12780
12781 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
12782 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
12783 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
12784 up in a few days.</p>
12785
12786       </div>
12787       <div class="tags">
12788
12789
12790         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12791
12792
12793       </div>
12794     </div>
12795     <div class="padding"></div>
12796
12797     <div class="entry">
12798       <div class="title">
12799         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
12800       </div>
12801       <div class="date">
12802          6th March 2010
12803       </div>
12804       <div class="body">
12805         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
12806 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
12807 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
12808 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
12809 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
12810 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
12811
12812 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
12813 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
12814 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
12815 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
12816
12817 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
12818 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
12819 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
12820 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
12821 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
12822 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
12823
12824       </div>
12825       <div class="tags">
12826
12827
12828         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12829
12830
12831       </div>
12832     </div>
12833     <div class="padding"></div>
12834
12835     <div class="entry">
12836       <div class="title">
12837         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
12838       </div>
12839       <div class="date">
12840         11th February 2010
12841       </div>
12842       <div class="body">
12843         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
12844 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
12845 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
12846 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
12847 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
12848 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
12849 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
12850
12851 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
12852
12853 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
12854 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
12855 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
12856 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
12857
12858       </div>
12859       <div class="tags">
12860
12861
12862         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12863
12864
12865       </div>
12866     </div>
12867     <div class="padding"></div>
12868
12869     <div class="entry">
12870       <div class="title">
12871         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
12872       </div>
12873       <div class="date">
12874         27th January 2010
12875       </div>
12876       <div class="body">
12877         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
12878 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
12879 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
12880 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
12881 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
12882 further.</p>
12883
12884 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
12885 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
12886 configured to be a server for the
12887 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
12888 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
12889 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
12890 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
12891 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
12892 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
12893 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
12894 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
12895 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
12896 and Nagios configuration.</p>
12897
12898 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
12899 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
12900 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
12901 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
12902
12903 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
12904 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
12905 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
12906 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
12907 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
12908 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
12909 the machine.</p>
12910
12911 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
12912 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
12913 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
12914 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
12915
12916 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
12917 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
12918 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
12919 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
12920 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
12921 everything is taken care of.</p>
12922
12923       </div>
12924       <div class="tags">
12925
12926
12927         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12928
12929
12930       </div>
12931     </div>
12932     <div class="padding"></div>
12933
12934     <div class="entry">
12935       <div class="title">
12936         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
12937       </div>
12938       <div class="date">
12939         17th December 2009
12940       </div>
12941       <div class="body">
12942         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
12943 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
12944 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
12945 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
12946 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
12947 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
12948 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
12949 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
12950 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
12951 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
12952 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
12953 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
12954 til å arrangere
12955 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
12956 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
12957 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
12958 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
12959 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
12960 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
12961 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
12962 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
12963 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
12964 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
12965 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
12966 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
12967 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
12968 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
12969 Resten er historie. :)</p>
12970
12971       </div>
12972       <div class="tags">
12973
12974
12975         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12976
12977
12978       </div>
12979     </div>
12980     <div class="padding"></div>
12981
12982     <div class="entry">
12983       <div class="title">
12984         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
12985       </div>
12986       <div class="date">
12987          2nd November 2009
12988       </div>
12989       <div class="body">
12990         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
12991 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
12992 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
12993 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
12994 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
12995 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
12996 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
12997 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
12998 hjertelig velkommen til
12999 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13000 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13001
13002 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13003 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13004 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13005 GNU.</blockquote>
13006
13007       </div>
13008       <div class="tags">
13009
13010
13011         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13012
13013
13014       </div>
13015     </div>
13016     <div class="padding"></div>
13017
13018     <div class="entry">
13019       <div class="title">
13020         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13021       </div>
13022       <div class="date">
13023         29th March 2009
13024       </div>
13025       <div class="body">
13026         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13027 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13028 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13029 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13030 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13031 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13032 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13033 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13034 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13035 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13036 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13037 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13038 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13039 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13040 now. :)</p>
13041
13042       </div>
13043       <div class="tags">
13044
13045
13046         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13047
13048
13049       </div>
13050     </div>
13051     <div class="padding"></div>
13052
13053     <div class="entry">
13054       <div class="title">
13055         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13056       </div>
13057       <div class="date">
13058         29th March 2009
13059       </div>
13060       <div class="body">
13061         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13062 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13063 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
13064 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
13065 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
13066 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
13067
13068 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
13069 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
13070 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
13071 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
13072 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
13073 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
13074 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
13075 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
13076 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
13077 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
13078 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
13079 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
13080 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
13081
13082 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
13083 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
13084 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
13085 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
13086
13087 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
13088 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
13089
13090 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
13091 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
13092 new IETF work group?</p>
13093
13094       </div>
13095       <div class="tags">
13096
13097
13098         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13099
13100
13101       </div>
13102     </div>
13103     <div class="padding"></div>
13104
13105     <div class="entry">
13106       <div class="title">
13107         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
13108       </div>
13109       <div class="date">
13110         15th February 2009
13111       </div>
13112       <div class="body">
13113         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
13114 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
13115 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
13116 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
13117 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
13118 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
13119 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
13120 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
13121 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
13122 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
13123 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
13124 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
13125
13126       </div>
13127       <div class="tags">
13128
13129
13130         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13131
13132
13133       </div>
13134     </div>
13135     <div class="padding"></div>
13136
13137     <div class="entry">
13138       <div class="title">
13139         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
13140       </div>
13141       <div class="date">
13142         26th December 2008
13143       </div>
13144       <div class="body">
13145         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
13146 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
13147 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
13148 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
13149 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
13150 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
13151 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
13152 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
13153 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
13154 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
13155 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
13156 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
13157 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
13158 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
13159
13160 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
13161 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
13162 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
13163 og
13164 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
13165 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
13166 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
13167 stavekontrollen.</p>
13168
13169       </div>
13170       <div class="tags">
13171
13172
13173         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
13174
13175
13176       </div>
13177     </div>
13178     <div class="padding"></div>
13179
13180     <div class="entry">
13181       <div class="title">
13182         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
13183       </div>
13184       <div class="date">
13185          7th December 2008
13186       </div>
13187       <div class="body">
13188         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
13189 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
13190 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
13191 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
13192 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
13193 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
13194 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
13195 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
13196
13197 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
13198 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
13199 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
13200 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
13201 of these cards.</p>
13202
13203       </div>
13204       <div class="tags">
13205
13206
13207         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
13208
13209
13210       </div>
13211     </div>
13212     <div class="padding"></div>
13213
13214     <div class="entry">
13215       <div class="title">
13216         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
13217       </div>
13218       <div class="date">
13219         25th November 2008
13220       </div>
13221       <div class="body">
13222         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
13223 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
13224 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
13225 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
13226 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
13227 notes are available on
13228 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
13229 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
13230 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
13231 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
13232 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
13233 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
13234 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
13235 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
13236 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
13237
13238 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
13239 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
13240
13241       </div>
13242       <div class="tags">
13243
13244
13245         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
13246
13247
13248       </div>
13249     </div>
13250     <div class="padding"></div>
13251
13252     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
13253     <div id="sidebar">
13254
13255
13256
13257 <h2>Archive</h2>
13258 <ul>
13259
13260 <li>2014
13261 <ul>
13262
13263 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13264
13265 </ul></li>
13266
13267 <li>2013
13268 <ul>
13269
13270 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
13271
13272 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
13273
13274 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
13275
13276 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
13277
13278 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13279
13280 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
13281
13282 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13283
13284 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13285
13286 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
13287
13288 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
13289
13290 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
13291
13292 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13293
13294 </ul></li>
13295
13296 <li>2012
13297 <ul>
13298
13299 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
13300
13301 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
13302
13303 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
13304
13305 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
13306
13307 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
13308
13309 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
13310
13311 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
13312
13313 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13314
13315 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
13316
13317 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
13318
13319 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
13320
13321 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13322
13323 </ul></li>
13324
13325 <li>2011
13326 <ul>
13327
13328 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
13329
13330 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
13331
13332 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
13333
13334 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
13335
13336 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
13337
13338 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
13339
13340 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13341
13342 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13343
13344 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
13345
13346 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
13347
13348 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
13349
13350 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
13351
13352 </ul></li>
13353
13354 <li>2010
13355 <ul>
13356
13357 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13358
13359 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
13360
13361 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
13362
13363 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
13364
13365 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13366
13367 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
13368
13369 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
13370
13371 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
13372
13373 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
13374
13375 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
13376
13377 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
13378
13379 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
13380
13381 </ul></li>
13382
13383 <li>2009
13384 <ul>
13385
13386 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
13387
13388 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
13389
13390 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
13391
13392 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
13393
13394 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13395
13396 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
13397
13398 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
13399
13400 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13401
13402 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
13403
13404 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
13405
13406 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
13407
13408 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13409
13410 </ul></li>
13411
13412 <li>2008
13413 <ul>
13414
13415 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
13416
13417 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13418
13419 </ul></li>
13420
13421 </ul>
13422
13423
13424
13425 <h2>Tags</h2>
13426 <ul>
13427
13428  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
13429
13430  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
13431
13432  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
13433
13434  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
13435
13436  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
13437
13438  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (13)</a></li>
13439
13440  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
13441
13442  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
13443
13444  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (92)</a></li>
13445
13446  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (144)</a></li>
13447
13448  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
13449
13450  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
13451
13452  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
13453
13454  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (234)</a></li>
13455
13456  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
13457
13458  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
13459
13460  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
13461
13462  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (5)</a></li>
13463
13464  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
13465
13466  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (39)</a></li>
13467
13468  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
13469
13470  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
13471
13472  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
13473
13474  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
13475
13476  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
13477
13478  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (7)</a></li>
13479
13480  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
13481
13482  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (239)</a></li>
13483
13484  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (161)</a></li>
13485
13486  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (9)</a></li>
13487
13488  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
13489
13490  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (45)</a></li>
13491
13492  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (68)</a></li>
13493
13494  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
13495
13496  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
13497
13498  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
13499
13500  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
13501
13502  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
13503
13504  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
13505
13506  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
13507
13508  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (34)</a></li>
13509
13510  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
13511
13512  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
13513
13514  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (44)</a></li>
13515
13516  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
13517
13518  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
13519
13520  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (21)</a></li>
13521
13522  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
13523
13524  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
13525
13526  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (39)</a></li>
13527
13528  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
13529
13530  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (28)</a></li>
13531
13532 </ul>
13533
13534
13535     </div>
13536     <p style="text-align: right">
13537  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
13538 </p>
13539
13540   </body>
13541 </html>