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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         27th October 2014
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
  32 sent out
  33 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
  34 announcement</a>:</p>
  35
  36 <pre>
  37 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
  38 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
  39
  40 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
  41 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
  42 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
  43 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
  44 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
  45 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
  46 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
  47
  48 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
  49 installation instructions are available, including detailed
  50 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
  51 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
  52 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
  53 of at least 5 characters!
  54
  55  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
  56
  57 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
  58 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
  59 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
  60 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
  61 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
  62
  63 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
  64 mostly in Germany and Norway.
  65
  66 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
  67 ===============================
  68
  69 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
  70 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
  71 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
  72 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
  73 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
  74 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
  75 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
  76 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
  77 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
  78 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
  79 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
  80 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
  81 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
  82 environment.
  83
  84  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
  85  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
  86
  87 Full release notes and manual
  88 =============================
  89
  90 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
  91 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
  92 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
  93 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
  94 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
  95
  96  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
  97  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
  98
  99 Where to get it
 100 ---------------
 101
 102 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 103
 104  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 105  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 106  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 107
 108 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 109
 110 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 111 ===============================================================================
 112
 113
 114 Installation changes
 115 --------------------
 116
 117  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 118
 119 Software updates
 120 ----------------
 121
 122 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 123
 124  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 125  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 126    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 127    choose one of the others see manual.)
 128  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 129  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 130  * GOsa 2.7.4
 131  * LTSP 5.5.4
 132  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 133  * new boot framework: systemd
 134  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 135  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 136  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 137  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 138  * golearn 0.9
 139  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 140  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 141  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 142    installation.
 143  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 144    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 145
 146  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 147  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 148
 149 Fixed bugs
 150 ----------
 151
 152  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 153    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 154    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 155  * and many others.
 156
 157 Documentation and translation updates
 158 -------------------------------------
 159
 160  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 161    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 162    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 163
 164 Other changes
 165 -------------
 166
 167  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 168    server takes more time.
 169  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 170    doesn't work.
 171
 172 Regressions / known problems
 173 ----------------------------
 174
 175  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 176    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 177    and Debian bug #762103).
 178  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 179    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 180  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 181    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 182    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 183
 184 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 185
 186  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 187
 188 How to report bugs
 189 ------------------
 190
 191 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 192
 193 About Debian
 194 ============
 195
 196 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 197 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 198 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 199 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 200 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 201 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 202 operating system.
 203
 204 Contact Information
 205 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 206 mail to press@debian.org.
 207
 208  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 209 </pre>
 210
 211       </div>
 212       <div class="tags">
 213
 214
 215         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 216
 217
 218       </div>
 219     </div>
 220     <div class="padding"></div>
 221
 222     <div class="entry">
 223       <div class="title">
 224         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 225       </div>
 226       <div class="date">
 227         26th September 2014
 228       </div>
 229       <div class="body">
 230         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 231 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 232 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 233 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 234 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 235 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 236 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 237 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 238 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 239 future.  The
 240 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 241 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 242 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 243 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 244 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 245
 246 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 247 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 248 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 249 or rsync (use
 250 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 251 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 252 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 253 install with some tweaking.</p>
 254
 255 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 256 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 257
 258 <p><blockquote><pre>
 259 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 260 </pre></blockquote></p>
 261
 262 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 263 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 264 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 265 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 266
 267 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 268 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 269 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 270 your need.</p>
 271
 272 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 273 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 274 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 275 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 276 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 277 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 278 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 279 days.</p>
 280
 281 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 282 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 283 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 284 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 285 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 286 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 287 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 288 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 289 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 290
 291 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 292 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 293 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 294
 295       </div>
 296       <div class="tags">
 297
 298
 299         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 300
 301
 302       </div>
 303     </div>
 304     <div class="padding"></div>
 305
 306     <div class="entry">
 307       <div class="title">
 308         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 309       </div>
 310       <div class="date">
 311         16th September 2014
 312       </div>
 313       <div class="body">
 314         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 315 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 316 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 317 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 318 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 319 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 320 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 321 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 322 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 323 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 324 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 325 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 326 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 327 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 328
 329 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 330 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 331 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 332 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 333 depend on the small and clever package
 334 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 335 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 336 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 337 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 338 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 339 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 340 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 341 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 342 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 343 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 344 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 345
 346 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 347 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 348 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 349 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 350 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 351 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 352 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 353 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 354 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 355 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 356 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 357 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 358 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 359 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 360 dialog.</p>
 361
 362 <p><table>
 363
 364 <tr>
 365 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 366 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 367 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 368 <th>Reduction</th>
 369 </tr>
 370
 371 <tr>
 372 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 373 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 374 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 375 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 376 </tr>
 377
 378 <tr>
 379 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 380 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 381 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 382 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 383 </tr>
 384
 385 <tr>
 386 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 387 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 388 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 389 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 390 </tr>
 391
 392 <tr>
 393 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 394 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 395 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 396 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 397 </tr>
 398
 399 <tr>
 400 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 401 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 402 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 403 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 404 </tr>
 405
 406 </table></p>
 407
 408 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 409 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 410 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 411 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 412 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 413 installed.</p>
 414
 415 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 416 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 417 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 418 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 419 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 420 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 421 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 422 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 423 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 424 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 425 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 426 for the entire installation.</p>
 427
 428 <p>I've implemented this in the
 429 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 430 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 431 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 432 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 433 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 434
 435 <p><blockquote><pre>
 436 #!/bin/sh
 437 set -e
 438 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 439 info() {
 440     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 441 }
 442 error() {
 443     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 444 }
 445 override_install() {
 446     apt-install eatmydata || true
 447     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 448         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 449             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 450             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 451             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 452                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 453                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 454                     > /target$file.edu
 455                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 456                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 457                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 458                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 459             else
 460                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 461             fi
 462         done
 463     else
 464         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 465     fi
 466 }
 467
 468 override_install
 469 </pre></blockquote></p>
 470
 471 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 472 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 473
 474 <p><blockquote><pre>
 475 #! /bin/sh -e
 476 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 477 error() {
 478     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 479 }
 480 remove_install_override() {
 481     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 482         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 483         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 484             rm /target$file
 485             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 486                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 487             rm /target$file.edu
 488         else
 489             error "Missing divert for $file."
 490         fi
 491     done
 492     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 493 }
 494
 495 remove_install_override
 496 </pre></blockquote></p>
 497
 498 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 499 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 500 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 501
 502 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 503 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 504 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 505 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 506 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 507 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 508 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 509 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 510 everyone.</p>
 511
 512 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 513 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 514 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
 515 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 516
 517 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
 518 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
 519 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
 520 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
 521 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
 522
 523 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
 524 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
 525 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
 526 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
 527 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
 528
 529       </div>
 530       <div class="tags">
 531
 532
 533         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 534
 535
 536       </div>
 537     </div>
 538     <div class="padding"></div>
 539
 540     <div class="entry">
 541       <div class="title">
 542         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 543       </div>
 544       <div class="date">
 545         31st July 2014
 546       </div>
 547       <div class="body">
 548         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 549 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 550 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 551 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 552 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 553 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 554
 555 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 556
 557 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 558 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 559 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 560 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 561 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 562 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 563 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 564 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 565
 566 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 567 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 568 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 569 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 570 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 571 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 572
 573 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 574 project?</strong></p>
 575
 576 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 577 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 578 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 579 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 580 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 581 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 582 with this job.</p>
 583
 584 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 585 Edu?</strong></p>
 586
 587 <p>The independence.</p>
 588
 589 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 590 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 591 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 592
 593 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 594 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 595 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 596 working reliable. </p>
 597
 598 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
 599 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
 600 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
 601 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
 602 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
 603 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
 604 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
 605 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
 606
 607 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 608 Edu?</strong></p>
 609
 610 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
 611 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
 612 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
 613
 614 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 615
 616 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
 617 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
 618
 619 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 620 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 621
 622 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
 623 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
 624 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
 625 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
 626 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
 627 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
 628 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
 629
 630       </div>
 631       <div class="tags">
 632
 633
 634         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 635
 636
 637       </div>
 638     </div>
 639     <div class="padding"></div>
 640
 641     <div class="entry">
 642       <div class="title">
 643         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
 644       </div>
 645       <div class="date">
 646         17th June 2014
 647       </div>
 648       <div class="body">
 649         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 650 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
 651 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
 652 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
 653 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
 654
 655 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
 656 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
 657 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
 658 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
 659 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
 660 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
 661 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
 662 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
 663 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
 664 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
 665 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
 666 goals.</p>
 667
 668 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
 669 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
 670 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
 671 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
 672 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
 673 chapters together into one large web page (aka
 674 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
 675 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
 676 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
 677 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
 678 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
 679 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
 680 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
 681 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
 682 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
 683 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
 684 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
 685 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
 686 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
 687 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
 688 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
 689 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
 690 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
 691 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
 692
 693 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
 694 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
 695 track the English original.  For this we use the
 696 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
 697 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
 698 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
 699 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
 700 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
 701 files), which the translations update with the native language
 702 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
 703 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
 704 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
 705 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
 706 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
 707 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
 708 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
 709 of the documentation.</p>
 710
 711 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
 712 recommend using
 713 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
 714 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
 715 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
 716 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
 717 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
 718 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
 719 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
 720 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
 721
 722 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
 723 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
 724 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
 725 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
 726 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
 727 translated images by storing translated versions in
 728 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
 729 package maintainers know more.</p>
 730
 731 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
 732 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
 733 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
 734 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
 735 PDF version</a> or the
 736 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
 737 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
 738 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
 739
 740 <p>To learn more, check out
 741 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
 742 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
 743 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
 744 manual on the wiki</a> and
 745 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
 746 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
 747
 748       </div>
 749       <div class="tags">
 750
 751
 752         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 753
 754
 755       </div>
 756     </div>
 757     <div class="padding"></div>
 758
 759     <div class="entry">
 760       <div class="title">
 761         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
 762       </div>
 763       <div class="date">
 764         30th March 2014
 765       </div>
 766       <div class="body">
 767         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 768 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
 769 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
 770 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
 771 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
 772
 773 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 774
 775 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
 776 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
 777 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
 778 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
 779 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
 780
 781 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
 782 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
 783 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
 784
 785 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
 786 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
 787 hunger.</p>
 788
 789 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 790 project?</strong></p>
 791
 792 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
 793 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
 794 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
 795 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
 796 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
 797 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
 798 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
 799 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
 800 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
 801 running.  I just loved it.</p>
 802
 803 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 804 Edu?</strong></p>
 805
 806 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
 807 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
 808 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
 809 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
 810 be made of steel.</p>
 811
 812 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 813 Edu?</strong></p>
 814
 815 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
 816
 817 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
 818 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
 819 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
 820 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
 821 or dropped.</p>
 822
 823 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
 824 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
 825 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
 826 discourage many people too.</p>
 827
 828 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 829
 830 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
 831 Virtualbox.</p>
 832
 833
 834 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 835 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 836
 837 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
 838 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
 839 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
 840 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
 841 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
 842 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
 843 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
 844 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
 845 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
 846
 847       </div>
 848       <div class="tags">
 849
 850
 851         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 852
 853
 854       </div>
 855     </div>
 856     <div class="padding"></div>
 857
 858     <div class="entry">
 859       <div class="title">
 860         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 861       </div>
 862       <div class="date">
 863         12th March 2014
 864       </div>
 865       <div class="body">
 866         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
 867 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
 868 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
 869 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
 870 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
 871 document this better when one of the customers of
 872 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
 873 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
 874 get this working are the following:</p>
 875
 876 <p><ol>
 877
 878 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
 879 example host here.</li>
 880
 881 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
 882 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
 883
 884 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
 885 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
 886
 887 </ol></p>
 888
 889 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
 890 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
 891 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
 892 started).</p>
 893
 894 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
 895 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
 896
 897 <p><blockquote><pre>
 898 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
 899 Export list for nas-server:
 900 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
 901 root@tjener:~#
 902 </pre></blockquote></p>
 903
 904 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
 905 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
 906 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
 907 NFS access.</p>
 908
 909 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
 910 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
 911 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
 912
 913 <p><blockquote><pre>
 914 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 915 </pre></blockquote></p>
 916
 917 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
 918 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
 919 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
 920 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
 921
 922 <p><blockquote><pre>
 923 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 924 objectClass: automount
 925 cn: nas-server
 926 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 927
 928 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 929 objectClass: top
 930 objectClass: automountMap
 931 ou: auto.nas-server
 932
 933 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 934 objectClass: automount
 935 cn: /
 936 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
 937 </pre></blockquote></p>
 938
 939 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
 940 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 941 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 942
 943 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 944 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 945 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 946 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 947
 948       </div>
 949       <div class="tags">
 950
 951
 952         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 953
 954
 955       </div>
 956     </div>
 957     <div class="padding"></div>
 958
 959     <div class="entry">
 960       <div class="title">
 961         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
 962       </div>
 963       <div class="date">
 964         25th December 2013
 965       </div>
 966       <div class="body">
 967         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 968 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 969 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 970 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 971 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 972 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 973 George</a>.</p>
 974
 975 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 976
 977 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 978
 979 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 980 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 981 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 982 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 983 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 984 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 985
 986 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 987 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 988 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 989 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 990 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 991 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 992 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 993 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 994 scratch.</p>
 995
 996 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 997 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 998 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 999
1000 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1001 and cycling.</p>
1002
1003 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1004 project?</strong></p>
1005
1006 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1007 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1008 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1009 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1010 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1011 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1012
1013 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1014 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1015 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1016 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1017 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1018 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1019 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1020 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1021 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1022
1023 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1024 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1025 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1026 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1027
1028 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1029 Edu?</strong></p>
1030
1031 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1032 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1033 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1034 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1035 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1036 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1037 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1038 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1039 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1040 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1041 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1042 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1043 that it rocks!</p>
1044
1045 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1046 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1047 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1048 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1049 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1050 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1051 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1052
1053 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1054 Edu?</strong></p>
1055
1056 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1057 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1058 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1059 can list a few points about that:</p>
1060
1061 <ul>
1062
1063  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1064  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1065  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1066
1067 </ul>
1068
1069 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1070
1071 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1072
1073 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1074 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1075 year.</p>
1076
1077 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1078 run text tools. I use
1079 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1080 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1081 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1082 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1083 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1084 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1085 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1086 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1087 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1088 e-mail.</p>
1089
1090 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1091 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1092 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1093 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1094 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1095 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1096 Facebook now ;).</p>
1097
1098 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1099 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1100
1101 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1102 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1103
1104 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1105 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1106 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1107 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1108 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1109 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1110 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1111 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1112 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1113 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1114 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1115 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1116 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1117 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1118 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1119 plain criminal.</p>
1120
1121 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1122 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1123 founded an association named
1124 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1125 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1126 area of free and open source software, for example the
1127 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1128 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1129 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1130 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1131 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1132 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1133 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1134 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1135
1136 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1137 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1138 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1139 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1140 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1141 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1142 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1143 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1144 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1145 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1146 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1147 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1148
1149 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1150 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1151 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1152 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1153
1154 <!--
1155
1156 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1157
1158 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1159 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1160
1161  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1162    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1163    of the decision makers above;
1164  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1165    knowledge about free software
1166
1167 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1168
1169 -->
1170
1171       </div>
1172       <div class="tags">
1173
1174
1175         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1176
1177
1178       </div>
1179     </div>
1180     <div class="padding"></div>
1181
1182     <div class="entry">
1183       <div class="title">
1184         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1185       </div>
1186       <div class="date">
1187          6th December 2013
1188       </div>
1189       <div class="body">
1190         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1191 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1192 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1193 had a new school administrator show up on
1194 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1195 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1196 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1197 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1198 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1199
1200 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1201
1202 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1203 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1204 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1205 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1206
1207 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1208 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1209 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1210 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1211 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1212 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1213 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1214 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1215 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1216
1217 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1218 project?</strong></p>
1219
1220 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1221 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1222 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1223 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1224
1225 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1226 Edu?</strong></p>
1227
1228 <ul>
1229   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1230   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1231   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1232   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1233     single company,</li>
1234   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1235     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1236 </ul>
1237
1238 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1239 Edu?</strong></p>
1240
1241 <ul>
1242   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1243   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1244   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1245   working again reliably.
1246
1247   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1248   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1249   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1250   as their base.
1251
1252   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1253   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1254   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1255   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1256   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1257   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1258
1259   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1260   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1261   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1262   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1263   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1264   schemes.</li>
1265
1266   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1267   compared to Debian.</li>
1268
1269 </ul>
1270
1271 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1272 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1273 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1274 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1275
1276 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1277
1278 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1279 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1280 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1281 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1282
1283 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1284 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1285
1286 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1287
1288 <ul>
1289
1290   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1291     teaching and learning.</li>
1292
1293   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1294     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1295     conversion problems.</li>
1296
1297   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1298     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1299     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1300     science, not products.</li>
1301
1302   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1303     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1304
1305 </ul>
1306
1307       </div>
1308       <div class="tags">
1309
1310
1311         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1312
1313
1314       </div>
1315     </div>
1316     <div class="padding"></div>
1317
1318     <div class="entry">
1319       <div class="title">
1320         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1321       </div>
1322       <div class="date">
1323          8th October 2013
1324       </div>
1325       <div class="body">
1326         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1327 Salvador had published a
1328 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1329 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1330 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1331 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1332 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1333 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1334 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1335 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1336 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1337 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1338 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1339 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1340 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1341 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1342 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1343
1344 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1345
1346 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1347
1348 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1349 me know. :)</p>
1350
1351       </div>
1352       <div class="tags">
1353
1354
1355         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1356
1357
1358       </div>
1359     </div>
1360     <div class="padding"></div>
1361
1362     <div class="entry">
1363       <div class="title">
1364         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1365       </div>
1366       <div class="date">
1367         29th September 2013
1368       </div>
1369       <div class="body">
1370         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1371 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1372 complete announcement text can be found at
1373 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1374 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1375
1376 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1377 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1378 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1379 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1380
1381       </div>
1382       <div class="tags">
1383
1384
1385         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1386
1387
1388       </div>
1389     </div>
1390     <div class="padding"></div>
1391
1392     <div class="entry">
1393       <div class="title">
1394         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1395       </div>
1396       <div class="date">
1397         16th September 2013
1398       </div>
1399       <div class="body">
1400         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1401 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1402
1403 <blockquote>
1404 <p>Hi,</p>
1405
1406 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1407 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1408 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1409
1410 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1411 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1412 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1413 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1414
1415 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1416 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1417
1418 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1419 compared to beta1:</p>
1420
1421 <ul>
1422
1423 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1424 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1425 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1426 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1427 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1428 main server.</li>
1429 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1430 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1431 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1432 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1433 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1434
1435 </ul>
1436
1437 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1438
1439 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1440
1441 <ul>
1442 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1443 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1444 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1445 </ul>
1446
1447 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1448
1449 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1450 <ul>
1451 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1452 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1453 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1454 </ul>
1455
1456 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1457
1458 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1459 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1460 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1461 as the other isos.</p>
1462
1463 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1464
1465 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1466 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1467
1468
1469 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1470
1471 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1472 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1473 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1474 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1475 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1476 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1477 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1478 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1479 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1480 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1481 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1482 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1483 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1484
1485 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1486 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1487 Squeeze release.</p>
1488
1489 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1490
1491 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1492 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1493 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1494 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1495 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1496 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1497 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1498 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1499 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1500 directory.</p>
1501
1502
1503 <p>cheers,
1504 <br>        Holger</p>
1505 </blockquote>
1506
1507       </div>
1508       <div class="tags">
1509
1510
1511         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1512
1513
1514       </div>
1515     </div>
1516     <div class="padding"></div>
1517
1518     <div class="entry">
1519       <div class="title">
1520         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1521       </div>
1522       <div class="date">
1523         22nd August 2013
1524       </div>
1525       <div class="body">
1526         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1527 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1528 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1529
1530 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1531
1532 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1533 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1534
1535 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1536
1537 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1538 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1539 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1540 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1541 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1542 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1543 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1544 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1545 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1546 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1547 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1548 desktop contains
1549 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1550 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1551 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1552 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1553
1554 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1555 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1556 release.</p>
1557
1558 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1559 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1560 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1561 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1562 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1563 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1564 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1565 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1566 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1567 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1568 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1569
1570 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1571
1572 <ul>
1573
1574 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1575     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1576 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1577     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1578     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1579     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1580     required).</li>
1581
1582 </ul>
1583
1584 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1585
1586 <ul>
1587
1588 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1589 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1590 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1591 stick ISO image.</li>
1592 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1593 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1594 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1595     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1596     cope with this.</li>
1597 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1598 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
1599     empty password hashes.</li>
1600 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
1601     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
1602     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
1603
1604 </ul>
1605
1606 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1607
1608 <ul>
1609
1610 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1611     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1612 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
1613     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
1614
1615 </ul>
1616
1617 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1618
1619 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1620
1621 <ul>
1622
1623 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1624
1625 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1626
1627 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
1628
1629 </ul>
1630
1631 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
1632 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
1633
1634 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1635
1636 <ul>
1637
1638 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1639 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1640 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
1641
1642 </ul>
1643
1644 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
1645 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
1646
1647
1648 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1649
1650 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1651
1652       </div>
1653       <div class="tags">
1654
1655
1656         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1657
1658
1659       </div>
1660     </div>
1661     <div class="padding"></div>
1662
1663     <div class="entry">
1664       <div class="title">
1665         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1666       </div>
1667       <div class="date">
1668         27th July 2013
1669       </div>
1670       <div class="body">
1671         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1672 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1673
1674 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
1675 2013-07-27</strong></p>
1676
1677 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1678 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1679
1680 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1681
1682 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1683 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1684 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1685 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1686 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1687 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1688 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1689 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1690 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1691 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1692 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1693 desktop contains
1694 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1695 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1696 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1697 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1698
1699 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1700 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1701 Squeeze release.</p>
1702
1703 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1704 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1705 release.</p>
1706
1707 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1708
1709 <ul>
1710
1711 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
1712    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
1713 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
1714    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
1715    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
1716    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
1717    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
1718 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
1719 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
1720 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
1721    crash bugs.</li>
1722
1723 </ul>
1724
1725 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1726
1727 <ul>
1728
1729 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
1730    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
1731 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
1732    netinst CD.</li>
1733 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
1734    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
1735 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
1736    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
1737    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
1738 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
1739    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
1740    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
1741 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
1742    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
1743    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
1744 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
1745    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
1746 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
1747
1748 </ul>
1749
1750 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1751
1752 <ul>
1753
1754 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
1755 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1756     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1757 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
1758
1759 </ul>
1760
1761 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1762
1763 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1764
1765 <ul>
1766
1767 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1768
1769 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1770
1771 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
1772
1773 </ul>
1774
1775 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
1776 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
1777
1778 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1779
1780 <ul>
1781
1782 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1783 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1784 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
1785
1786 </ul>
1787
1788 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
1789 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
1790
1791
1792 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1793
1794 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1795
1796       </div>
1797       <div class="tags">
1798
1799
1800         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1801
1802
1803       </div>
1804     </div>
1805     <div class="padding"></div>
1806
1807     <div class="entry">
1808       <div class="title">
1809         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
1810       </div>
1811       <div class="date">
1812          9th July 2013
1813       </div>
1814       <div class="body">
1815         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
1816 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
1817 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
1818 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
1819 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1820 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
1821 Bitraf</a>.</p>
1822
1823 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
1824 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
1825 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
1826 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
1827 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
1828
1829       </div>
1830       <div class="tags">
1831
1832
1833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1834
1835
1836       </div>
1837     </div>
1838     <div class="padding"></div>
1839
1840     <div class="entry">
1841       <div class="title">
1842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1843       </div>
1844       <div class="date">
1845          3rd July 2013
1846       </div>
1847       <div class="body">
1848         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1849 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1850
1851 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
1852 2013-07-03</strong></p>
1853
1854 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1855 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1856
1857 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1858
1859 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1860 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1861 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1862 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1863 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1864 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1865 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1866 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1867 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1868 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1869 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1870 desktop contains
1871 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1872 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1873 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1874 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1875
1876 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1877 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1878 Squeeze release.</p>
1879
1880 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1881 <ul>
1882   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
1883   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
1884     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
1885     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
1886   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
1887     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
1888     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
1889   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
1890     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
1891     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
1892     too.</li>
1893   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
1894     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
1895 </ul>
1896 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1897 <ul>
1898   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
1899   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
1900   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
1901     up for some language options.</li>
1902   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
1903   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
1904   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
1905     d-i is doing it.</li>
1906   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
1907     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
1908   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
1909     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
1910     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
1911   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
1912     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
1913   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
1914   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
1915     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
1916   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
1917     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
1918 </ul>
1919 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1920 <ul>
1921   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1922     available yet (698840).</li>
1923   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
1924 </ul>
1925 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1926
1927 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1928 <ul>
1929   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1930   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1931   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
1932 </ul>
1933
1934 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
1935 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1936
1937 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1938 <ul>
1939   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1940   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1941   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1942 </ul>
1943
1944 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1945 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1946
1947 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1948
1949 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1950
1951       </div>
1952       <div class="tags">
1953
1954
1955         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1956
1957
1958       </div>
1959     </div>
1960     <div class="padding"></div>
1961
1962     <div class="entry">
1963       <div class="title">
1964         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1965       </div>
1966       <div class="date">
1967         22nd June 2013
1968       </div>
1969       <div class="body">
1970         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1971 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1972 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1973 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1974 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1975 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1976 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1977 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1978 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1979
1980 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1981 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1982 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1983 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1984 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1985 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1986 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1987 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1988 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1989 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1990 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1991 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1992 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1993 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1994
1995 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1996 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1997 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1998 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1999 the problem.</p>
2000
2001 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2002 please join us on
2003 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2004 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2005 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2006 list.</p>
2007
2008       </div>
2009       <div class="tags">
2010
2011
2012         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2013
2014
2015       </div>
2016     </div>
2017     <div class="padding"></div>
2018
2019     <div class="entry">
2020       <div class="title">
2021         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2022       </div>
2023       <div class="date">
2024         17th June 2013
2025       </div>
2026       <div class="body">
2027         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2028 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2029 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2030 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2031 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2032 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2033 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2034 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2035
2036 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2037
2038 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2039 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2040 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2041 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2042 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2043 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2044 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2045 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2046 field.</p>
2047
2048 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2049 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2050 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2051 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2052 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2053 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2054
2055 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2056 project?</strong></p>
2057
2058 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2059 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2060 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2061 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2062 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2063 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2064 ways to contribute.</p>
2065
2066 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2067 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2068 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2069 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2070 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2071 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2072 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2073 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2074 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2075 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2076
2077 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2078 Edu?</strong></p>
2079
2080 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2081 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2082 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2083 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2084 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2085 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2086 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2087 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2088
2089 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2090 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2091 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2092 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2093 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2094 project.</p>
2095
2096 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2097 Edu?</strong></p>
2098
2099 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2100 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2101 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2102 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2103 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2104 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2105 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2106 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2107 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2108
2109 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2110 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2111 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2112 on.</p>
2113
2114 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2115
2116 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2117 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2118 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2119 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2120 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2121 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2122 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2123 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2124 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2125
2126 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2127 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2128
2129 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2130 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2131 that:</p>
2132
2133 <ul>
2134
2135 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2136
2137 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2138     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2139     of teenagers more?</li>
2140
2141 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2142     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2143     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2144     them!)</li>
2145
2146 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2147     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2148     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2149
2150 </ul>
2151
2152 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2153 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2154 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2155 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2156 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2157
2158       </div>
2159       <div class="tags">
2160
2161
2162         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2163
2164
2165       </div>
2166     </div>
2167     <div class="padding"></div>
2168
2169     <div class="entry">
2170       <div class="title">
2171         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2172       </div>
2173       <div class="date">
2174         12th June 2013
2175       </div>
2176       <div class="body">
2177         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2178 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2179 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2180 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2181 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2182 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2183
2184 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2185
2186 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2187 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2188 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2189
2190 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2191 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2192 each other.</p>
2193
2194 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2195 project?</strong></p>
2196
2197 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2198 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2199 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2200 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2201 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2202 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2203 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2204 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2205 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2206 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2207 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2208 we'll get there one day.</p>
2209
2210 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2211 Edu?</strong></p>
2212
2213 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2214 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2215 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2216 very high quality work.</p>
2217
2218 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2219 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2220 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2221 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2222 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2223
2224 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2225 Edu?</strong></p>
2226
2227 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2228 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2229 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2230
2231 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2232 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2233 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2234 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2235 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2236 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2237 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2238 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2239 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2240 currently.</p>
2241
2242 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2243 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2244 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2245 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2246 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2247 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2248 autonomous.</p>
2249
2250 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2251
2252 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2253 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2254 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2255 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2256 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2257
2258 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2259 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2260 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2261 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2262 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2263 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2264 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2265 X.</p>
2266
2267 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2268 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2269 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2270 it :p)
2271
2272 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2273 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2274
2275 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2276 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2277 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2278 that.</p>
2279
2280 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2281 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2282 advantage of that.</p>
2283
2284 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2285 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2286 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2287 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2288 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2289 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2290 best solution for them.</p>
2291
2292 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2293 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2294 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2295
2296       </div>
2297       <div class="tags">
2298
2299
2300         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2301
2302
2303       </div>
2304     </div>
2305     <div class="padding"></div>
2306
2307     <div class="entry">
2308       <div class="title">
2309         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2310       </div>
2311       <div class="date">
2312         10th June 2013
2313       </div>
2314       <div class="body">
2315         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2316 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2317
2318 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2319 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2320
2321 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2322 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2323
2324 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2325
2326 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2327 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2328 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2329 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2330 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2331 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2332 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2333 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2334 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2335 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2336 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2337 desktop contains
2338 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2339 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2340 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2341 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2342
2343 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2344 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2345 Squeeze release.</p>
2346
2347 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2348
2349 <ul>
2350
2351 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2352 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2353 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2354 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2355 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2356
2357 </ul>
2358
2359 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2360
2361 <ul>
2362
2363 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2364 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2365 <li>New Romanian translation.
2366 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2367 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2368 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2369 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2370 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2371 <li>More testsuite tests.
2372 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2373 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2374
2375 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2376 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2377
2378 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2379 them up with GOsa².</li>
2380
2381 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2382
2383 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2384 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2385 entered password). </li>
2386
2387 </ul>
2388
2389 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2390
2391 <ul>
2392
2393 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2394
2395 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2396 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2397 missing import feature).</li>
2398
2399 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2400
2401 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2402 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2403 unfixed.</li>
2404
2405 </ul>
2406
2407 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2408
2409 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2410
2411 <ul>
2412
2413 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2414
2415 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2416
2417 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2418
2419 </ul>
2420
2421 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2422 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2423
2424 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2425
2426 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2427
2428       </div>
2429       <div class="tags">
2430
2431
2432         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2433
2434
2435       </div>
2436     </div>
2437     <div class="padding"></div>
2438
2439     <div class="entry">
2440       <div class="title">
2441         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2442       </div>
2443       <div class="date">
2444          5th June 2013
2445       </div>
2446       <div class="body">
2447         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2448 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2449 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2450 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2451 the project:
2452
2453 <ol>
2454
2455 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2456   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2457   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2458   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2459   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2460
2461 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2462   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2463   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2464   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2465   #698840</a>.</li>
2466
2467 </ol>
2468
2469 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2470 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2471 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2472
2473       </div>
2474       <div class="tags">
2475
2476
2477         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2478
2479
2480       </div>
2481     </div>
2482     <div class="padding"></div>
2483
2484     <div class="entry">
2485       <div class="title">
2486         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2487       </div>
2488       <div class="date">
2489          4th June 2013
2490       </div>
2491       <div class="body">
2492         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2493 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2494 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2495 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2496 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2497 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2498
2499 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2500
2501 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2502 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2503 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2504 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2505
2506 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2507 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2508 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2509
2510 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2511 project?</strong></p>
2512
2513 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2514 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2515 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2516 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2517 manual.
2518
2519 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2520 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2521 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2522 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2523
2524 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2525 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2526 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2527 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2528 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2529 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2530 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2531 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2532 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2533 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2534
2535 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2536 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2537 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2538 beautiful project.</p>
2539
2540 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2541 Edu?</strong></p>
2542
2543 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2544 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2545 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2546
2547 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2548 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2549 of educational free software.</p>
2550
2551 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2552 Edu?</strong></p>
2553
2554 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2555 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2556 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2557 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2558 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2559
2560 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2561 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2562 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2563 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2564 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2565 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2566 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2567 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2568
2569 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2570
2571 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2572 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2573 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2574 also using the mathematical software
2575 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2576 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2577 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2578
2579 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2580 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2581 statistics?</strong></p>
2582
2583 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2584 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2585 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2586 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2587
2588 <ul>
2589
2590 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2591 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2592 constructions in planar geometry
2593
2594 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2595 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2596 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2597
2598 </ul>
2599
2600 <p>I like also
2601 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
2602 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
2603 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
2604
2605 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2606 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2607
2608 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
2609
2610 <ul>
2611
2612 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
2613
2614 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
2615     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
2616     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
2617
2618 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
2619
2620 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
2621     system.</li>
2622
2623 </ul>
2624
2625       </div>
2626       <div class="tags">
2627
2628
2629         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2630
2631
2632       </div>
2633     </div>
2634     <div class="padding"></div>
2635
2636     <div class="entry">
2637       <div class="title">
2638         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
2639       </div>
2640       <div class="date">
2641          1st June 2013
2642       </div>
2643       <div class="body">
2644         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2645 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
2646 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
2647 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
2648 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
2649 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
2650 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
2651 program.</p>
2652
2653 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
2654
2655 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
2656 <p>
2657 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
2658 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2659 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
2660 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
2661 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2662 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
2663 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
2664 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
2665 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
2666 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
2667 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
2668 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
2669 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
2670 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
2671 </p>
2672
2673 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
2674 <p>
2675 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
2676 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
2677 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
2678 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
2679 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
2680 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2681 </p>
2682
2683 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
2684 <p>
2685 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2686 </p>
2687
2688 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
2689 <p>
2690 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
2691 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
2692 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
2693 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
2694 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
2695 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
2696 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
2697 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
2698 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2699 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
2700 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
2701 </p>
2702
2703 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
2704 <p>
2705 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2706 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
2707 </p>
2708
2709 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
2710 <p>
2711 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
2712 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
2713 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2714 </p>
2715
2716 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
2717 <p>
2718 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2719 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
2720 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
2721 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
2722 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
2723 </p>
2724
2725 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
2726 <p>
2727 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2728 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
2729 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2730 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
2731 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
2732 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
2733 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
2734 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
2735 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
2736 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
2737 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
2738 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
2739 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
2740 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
2741 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2742 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
2743 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
2744 </p>
2745
2746 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
2747 <p>
2748 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2749 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
2750 </p>
2751
2752 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
2753 <p>
2754 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
2755 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
2756 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2757 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2758 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
2759 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
2760 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
2761 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
2762 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
2763 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2764 </p>
2765
2766 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
2767 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
2768 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
2769 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
2770 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
2771 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
2772 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
2773
2774       </div>
2775       <div class="tags">
2776
2777
2778         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2779
2780
2781       </div>
2782     </div>
2783     <div class="padding"></div>
2784
2785     <div class="entry">
2786       <div class="title">
2787         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
2788       </div>
2789       <div class="date">
2790         24th May 2013
2791       </div>
2792       <div class="body">
2793         <p>En ting
2794 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
2795 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
2796 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
2797 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
2798 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
2799 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
2800 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
2801 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
2802 om et intervju.</p>
2803
2804 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2805
2806 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
2807 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
2808 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
2809 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
2810 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
2811 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
2812 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
2813 av store systemer.</p>
2814
2815 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2816
2817 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
2818 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
2819 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
2820 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
2821 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
2822 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
2823 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
2824 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
2825 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
2826 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
2827 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
2828 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
2829 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
2830 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
2831 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
2832 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
2833 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
2834 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
2835 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
2836 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
2837 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
2838 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
2839 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
2840 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
2841 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
2842 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
2843 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
2844 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
2845 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
2846 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
2847
2848 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
2849 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
2850 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
2851 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
2852 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
2853
2854 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
2855 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
2856 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
2857 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
2858 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
2859 dette.</p>
2860
2861 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2862
2863 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
2864 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
2865 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
2866 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
2867 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
2868 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
2869 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
2870 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
2871 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
2872 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
2873
2874 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2875
2876 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
2877 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
2878 like stor grad som for eksempel
2879 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
2880 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
2881 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
2882 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
2883 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
2884
2885 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2886
2887 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
2888 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
2889 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
2890 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
2891 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
2892 scripts.</p>
2893
2894 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2895 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2896
2897 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
2898 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
2899 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
2900 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
2901 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
2902 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
2903 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
2904 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
2905 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
2906 betraktelig.</p>
2907
2908       </div>
2909       <div class="tags">
2910
2911
2912         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2913
2914
2915       </div>
2916     </div>
2917     <div class="padding"></div>
2918
2919     <div class="entry">
2920       <div class="title">
2921         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
2922       </div>
2923       <div class="date">
2924         17th May 2013
2925       </div>
2926       <div class="body">
2927         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
2928 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
2929 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
2930 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
2931 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
2932 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
2933 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
2934 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
2935 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2936 donate some money</a>.
2937
2938 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2939 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2940 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2941 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2942 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2943
2944 <p>The script,
2945 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2946 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2947 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2948 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2949
2950 <ol>
2951
2952 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2953 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2954 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2955     our configuration.</li>
2956 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2957     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2958     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2959     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2960 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2961     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2962 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2963
2964 </ol>
2965
2966 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2967 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2968 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2969 the needed packages.</p>
2970
2971 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2972 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2973 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2974 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2975 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2976 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2977
2978 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2979 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2980 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2981
2982 <p><pre>
2983 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2984 DESKTOP="lxde"
2985 </pre></p>
2986
2987 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2988 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2989 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2990 boot.</p>
2991
2992       </div>
2993       <div class="tags">
2994
2995
2996         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2997
2998
2999       </div>
3000     </div>
3001     <div class="padding"></div>
3002
3003     <div class="entry">
3004       <div class="title">
3005         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3006       </div>
3007       <div class="date">
3008         14th May 2013
3009       </div>
3010       <div class="body">
3011         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3012 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3013 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3014
3015 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3016 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3017
3018 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3019 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3020 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3021
3022 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3023
3024 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3025 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3026 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3027 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3028 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3029 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3030 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3031 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3032
3033 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3034 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3035 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3036
3037 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3038 <ul>
3039   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3040     default.</li>
3041   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3042   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3043   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3044     ibus-anthy.</li>
3045 </ul>
3046
3047 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3048 <ul>
3049
3050   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3051     reliability improvements.</li>
3052   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3053     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3054   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3055     problems.</li>
3056   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3057     direct:// URL.</li>
3058   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3059   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3060   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3061   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3062     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3063   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3064     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3065 </ul>
3066
3067 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3068 <ul>
3069
3070   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3071     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3072     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3073   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3074   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3075     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3076   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3077   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3078   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3079     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3080   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3081     password submission problem
3082     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3083
3084 </ul>
3085
3086 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3087
3088 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3089 <ul>
3090
3091   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3092   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3093   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3094
3095 </ul>
3096
3097 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3098
3099 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3100
3101 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3102
3103 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3104
3105       </div>
3106       <div class="tags">
3107
3108
3109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3110
3111
3112       </div>
3113     </div>
3114     <div class="padding"></div>
3115
3116     <div class="entry">
3117       <div class="title">
3118         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3119       </div>
3120       <div class="date">
3121         10th May 2013
3122       </div>
3123       <div class="body">
3124         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3125 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3126 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3127 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3128 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3129 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3130 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3131 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3132 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3133 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3134 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3135 der jeg fant notatet som
3136 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3137 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3138
3139 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3140 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3141 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3142 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3143 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3144
3145       </div>
3146       <div class="tags">
3147
3148
3149         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3150
3151
3152       </div>
3153     </div>
3154     <div class="padding"></div>
3155
3156     <div class="entry">
3157       <div class="title">
3158         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3159       </div>
3160       <div class="date">
3161          5th May 2013
3162       </div>
3163       <div class="body">
3164         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3165 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3166 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3167 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3168 soon.</p>
3169
3170 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3171 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3172 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3173 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3174 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3175 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3176 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3177 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3178 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3179 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3180 Edu.</a>
3181
3182 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3183 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3184 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3185 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3186 follow.<p>
3187
3188       </div>
3189       <div class="tags">
3190
3191
3192         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3193
3194
3195       </div>
3196     </div>
3197     <div class="padding"></div>
3198
3199     <div class="entry">
3200       <div class="title">
3201         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3202       </div>
3203       <div class="date">
3204         26th April 2013
3205       </div>
3206       <div class="body">
3207         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3208 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3209 announcement:</p>
3210
3211 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3212 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3213
3214 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3215 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3216
3217 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3218
3219 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3220 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3221 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3222 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3223 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3224 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3225 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3226 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3227 installed via the network.</p>
3228
3229 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3230 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3231 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3232
3233 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3234
3235 <ul>
3236 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3237   <ul>
3238      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3239      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3240          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3241          manual.)</li>
3242      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3243      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3244      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3245      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3246      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3247      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3248      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3249      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3250      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3251      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3252      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3253      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3254          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3255          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3256      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3257          installation.</li>
3258      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3259          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3260   </ul></li>
3261 </ul>
3262
3263 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3264 <ul>
3265 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3266     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3267     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3268 </ul>
3269
3270 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3271 <ul>
3272 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3273     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3274     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3275 </ul>
3276
3277 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3278 <ul>
3279 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3280     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3281     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3282 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3283     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3284     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3285 </ul>
3286
3287 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3288 <ul>
3289 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3290     yet.</li>
3291 </ul>
3292
3293 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3294
3295 <ul>
3296 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3297     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3298     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3299 </ul>
3300
3301 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3302
3303 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3304 <ul>
3305 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3306 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3307 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3308 </ul>
3309
3310 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3311
3312 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3313
3314 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3315
3316 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3317
3318       </div>
3319       <div class="tags">
3320
3321
3322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3323
3324
3325       </div>
3326     </div>
3327     <div class="padding"></div>
3328
3329     <div class="entry">
3330       <div class="title">
3331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3332       </div>
3333       <div class="date">
3334         16th April 2013
3335       </div>
3336       <div class="body">
3337         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3338 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3339 Details about the gathering can be found
3340 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3341 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3342 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3343 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3344 weekend.</p>
3345
3346 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3347 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3348 Edu release.</p>
3349
3350 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3351
3352       </div>
3353       <div class="tags">
3354
3355
3356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3357
3358
3359       </div>
3360     </div>
3361     <div class="padding"></div>
3362
3363     <div class="entry">
3364       <div class="title">
3365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3366       </div>
3367       <div class="date">
3368         17th March 2013
3369       </div>
3370       <div class="body">
3371         <p>Via
3372 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3373 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3374 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3375 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3376 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3377 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3378 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3379
3380 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3381 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3382
3383 <blockquote>
3384 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3385 </blockquote>
3386
3387 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3388
3389 <blockquote>
3390 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3391 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3392 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3393 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3394 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3395 </blockquote>
3396
3397 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3398 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3399 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3400 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3401
3402 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3403 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3404
3405 <blockquote>
3406 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3407 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3408 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3409 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3410 </blockquote>
3411
3412 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3413 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3414 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3415 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3416 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3417
3418 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3419 embedding:</p>
3420
3421 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3422
3423       </div>
3424       <div class="tags">
3425
3426
3427         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3428
3429
3430       </div>
3431     </div>
3432     <div class="padding"></div>
3433
3434     <div class="entry">
3435       <div class="title">
3436         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3437       </div>
3438       <div class="date">
3439          8th March 2013
3440       </div>
3441       <div class="body">
3442         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3443 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3444 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3445 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3446 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3447 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3448 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3449
3450 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3451
3452 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3453 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3454
3455 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3456 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3457 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3458 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3459 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3460 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3461
3462 <p>Images are available for download at
3463 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3464
3465 <p>md5sums:
3466 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3467 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3468 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3469
3470 <p>sha1sums:
3471 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3472 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3473 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3474
3475 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3476
3477 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3478 2013-03-03:</p>
3479
3480 <ul>
3481   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3482   <ul>
3483         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3484         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3485   </ul></li>
3486   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3487   <ul>
3488         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3489         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3490   </ul></li>
3491   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3492      <ul>
3493         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3494         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3495         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3496                 Closes: #664596</li>
3497         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3498                 Closes: #664976</li>
3499         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3500            <ul>
3501                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3502                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3503            </ul></li>
3504         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3505            <ul>
3506                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3507                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3508                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3509                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3510                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3511            </ul></li>
3512         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3513     </ul>
3514   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3515     <ul>
3516         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3517     </ul></li>
3518 </ul>
3519
3520 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3521 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3522 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3523 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3524
3525 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3526 mailinglist
3527 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3528 </p></blockquote>
3529
3530 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3531
3532       </div>
3533       <div class="tags">
3534
3535
3536         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3537
3538
3539       </div>
3540     </div>
3541     <div class="padding"></div>
3542
3543     <div class="entry">
3544       <div class="title">
3545         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3546       </div>
3547       <div class="date">
3548         22nd February 2013
3549       </div>
3550       <div class="body">
3551         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3552 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3553 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3554 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3555 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3556
3557 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3558
3559 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3560 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3561 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3562 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3563 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3564 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3565 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3566 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3567 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3568 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3569 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3570 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3571 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3572
3573 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3574
3575 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3576 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3577 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3578 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3579
3580 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3581
3582 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3583 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3584 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3585 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3586 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3587 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3588 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3589 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3590
3591 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3592
3593 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3594 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3595 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3596 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3597 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3598 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
3599 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
3600
3601 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3602
3603 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
3604 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
3605 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
3606
3607 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3608 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3609
3610 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
3611 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
3612 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
3613 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
3614 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
3615 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
3616 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
3617 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
3618 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
3619 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
3620 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
3621 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
3622 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
3623 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
3624 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
3625
3626 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
3627 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
3628 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
3629
3630       </div>
3631       <div class="tags">
3632
3633
3634         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3635
3636
3637       </div>
3638     </div>
3639     <div class="padding"></div>
3640
3641     <div class="entry">
3642       <div class="title">
3643         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3644       </div>
3645       <div class="date">
3646         28th December 2012
3647       </div>
3648       <div class="body">
3649         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
3650 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3651 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
3652 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
3653 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
3654 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
3655 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
3656 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
3657 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
3658 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
3659 followed by many others. :)</p>
3660
3661 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
3662 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
3663 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
3664 you want to donate to the project.</p>
3665
3666       </div>
3667       <div class="tags">
3668
3669
3670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3671
3672
3673       </div>
3674     </div>
3675     <div class="padding"></div>
3676
3677     <div class="entry">
3678       <div class="title">
3679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
3680       </div>
3681       <div class="date">
3682         18th December 2012
3683       </div>
3684       <div class="body">
3685         <p>A few days ago I came across
3686 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
3687 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
3688 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
3689 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
3690 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
3691 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
3692 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
3693 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
3694 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
3695
3696 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
3697 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
3698 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
3699 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
3700
3701 <blockquote><pre>
3702 2004-05-27 Book Store
3703       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
3704       Liabilities:Visa
3705 </pre></blockquote>
3706
3707 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
3708 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
3709 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
3710 Spang</a>,
3711 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
3712 Keen</a>,
3713 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
3714 Cantino</a> and
3715 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
3716 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
3717 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
3718 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
3719 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
3720
3721 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
3722 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
3723 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
3724 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
3725 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
3726
3727 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
3728 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
3729 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
3730 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
3731 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
3732 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
3733 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
3734 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
3735 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
3736
3737       </div>
3738       <div class="tags">
3739
3740
3741         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
3742
3743
3744       </div>
3745     </div>
3746     <div class="padding"></div>
3747
3748     <div class="entry">
3749       <div class="title">
3750         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
3751       </div>
3752       <div class="date">
3753         14th November 2012
3754       </div>
3755       <div class="body">
3756         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
3757 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3758 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
3759 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
3760 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
3761 the people behind the German
3762 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
3763 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
3764 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
3765
3766 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3767
3768 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
3769 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
3770 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
3771
3772 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
3773 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
3774 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
3775 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
3776 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
3777 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
3778
3779 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
3780 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
3781 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
3782 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
3783 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
3784 relationship management and the communication processes in the
3785 project.</p>
3786
3787 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
3788 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
3789 and a yoga teacher.</p>
3790
3791 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3792 project?</strong></p>
3793
3794 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
3795
3796 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
3797 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
3798 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
3799 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
3800 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
3801 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
3802 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
3803 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
3804 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
3805 parents.</p>
3806
3807 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
3808 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
3809 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
3810 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
3811 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
3812 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
3813 Germany.</p>
3814
3815 <p>For information about our school project you can read
3816 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
3817 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
3818
3819 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3820 Edu?</strong></p>
3821
3822 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
3823 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
3824
3825 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
3826 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
3827 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
3828 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
3829 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
3830 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
3831 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
3832 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
3833 teachers, parents...</p>
3834
3835 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3836 Edu?</strong></p>
3837
3838 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
3839 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3840
3841 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
3842 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
3843 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
3844 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
3845 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3846
3847 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
3848 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
3849 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
3850 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
3851 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
3852 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
3853 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3854
3855 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3856
3857 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
3858 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
3859 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
3860 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
3861
3862 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3863 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3864
3865 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
3866 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
3867 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
3868 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
3869 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
3870
3871 <ul>
3872
3873 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
3874 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
3875 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
3876
3877 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
3878 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
3879 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
3880 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
3881 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
3882 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
3883 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
3884
3885 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
3886 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
3887 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
3888 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
3889
3890 </ul>
3891
3892       </div>
3893       <div class="tags">
3894
3895
3896         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3897
3898
3899       </div>
3900     </div>
3901     <div class="padding"></div>
3902
3903     <div class="entry">
3904       <div class="title">
3905         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
3906       </div>
3907       <div class="date">
3908         14th October 2012
3909       </div>
3910       <div class="body">
3911         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
3912 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
3913 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
3914 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
3915 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
3916
3917 <blockquote>
3918 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
3919 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
3920
3921 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
3922
3923 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
3924 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
3925 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
3926 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
3927 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
3928 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
3929 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
3930
3931 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
3932 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
3933 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
3934 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
3935 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3936 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3937 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3938 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3939 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3940
3941 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3942 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3943 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3944 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3945 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3946 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3947 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3948 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3949
3950 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3951 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3952 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3953
3954 <p>Referanser:</p>
3955
3956 <ul>
3957
3958 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3959 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3960
3961 </ul>
3962
3963 </blockquote>
3964
3965 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3966 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3967
3968       </div>
3969       <div class="tags">
3970
3971
3972         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3973
3974
3975       </div>
3976     </div>
3977     <div class="padding"></div>
3978
3979     <div class="entry">
3980       <div class="title">
3981         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3982       </div>
3983       <div class="date">
3984         13th October 2012
3985       </div>
3986       <div class="body">
3987         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3988 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3989 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3990 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3991 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3992 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3993
3994 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3995 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3996 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3997 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3998 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3999 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4000 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4001 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4002
4003 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4004 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4005
4006 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4007 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4008 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4009 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4010 krav!</p>
4011
4012       </div>
4013       <div class="tags">
4014
4015
4016         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4017
4018
4019       </div>
4020     </div>
4021     <div class="padding"></div>
4022
4023     <div class="entry">
4024       <div class="title">
4025         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4026       </div>
4027       <div class="date">
4028          2nd October 2012
4029       </div>
4030       <div class="body">
4031         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4032 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4033 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4034 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4035
4036 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4037
4038 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4039 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4040
4041 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4042 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4043 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4044
4045 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4046 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4047 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4048 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4049 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4050 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4051 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4052
4053 <p><blockquote>
4054  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4055    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4056    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4057 </blockquote></p>
4058
4059 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4060 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4061 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4062 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4063
4064 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4065 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4066 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4067 BSD.</p>
4068
4069 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4070 fra prosjektsidene på
4071 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4072 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4073
4074 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4075 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4076 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4077 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4078 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4079 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4080
4081 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4082 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4083 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4084 også svært velkomne.</p>
4085
4086 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4087
4088 <p><blockquote>
4089 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4090 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4091 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4092 </blockquote></p>
4093
4094 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4095
4096 <ul>
4097
4098 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4099     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4100 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4101     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4102 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4103     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4104 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4105     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4106     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4107 </ul>
4108
4109 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4110
4111 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4112
4113 <ul>
4114
4115 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4116     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4117 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4118     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4119 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4120     control where to install these.</li>
4121 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4122     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4123 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4124     updated script.</li>
4125 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4126 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4127     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4128 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4129     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4130 </ul>
4131
4132       </div>
4133       <div class="tags">
4134
4135
4136         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4137
4138
4139       </div>
4140     </div>
4141     <div class="padding"></div>
4142
4143     <div class="entry">
4144       <div class="title">
4145         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4146       </div>
4147       <div class="date">
4148         17th September 2012
4149       </div>
4150       <div class="body">
4151         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4152 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4153 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4154 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4155 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4156 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4157 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4158
4159 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4160
4161 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4162 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4163 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4164 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4165 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4166 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4167 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4168 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4169 training is anyway very important</p>
4170
4171 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4172 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4173 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4174 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4175 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4176
4177 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4178 project?</strong></p>
4179
4180 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4181 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4182 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4183 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4184 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4185 hole.</p>
4186
4187 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4188 Edu?</strong></p>
4189
4190 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4191 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4192 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4193 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4194 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4195 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4196 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4197 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4198 hassle.</p>
4199
4200 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4201 Edu?</strong></p>
4202
4203 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4204 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4205 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4206 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4207 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4208 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4209 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4210 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4211
4212 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4213
4214 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4215 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4216 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4217 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4218 has the same...</p>
4219
4220 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4221 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4222 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4223 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4224
4225 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4226 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4227
4228 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4229 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4230 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4231
4232 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4233 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4234 don't.</p>
4235
4236 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4237 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4238 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4239 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4240 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4241 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4242 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4243
4244       </div>
4245       <div class="tags">
4246
4247
4248         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4249
4250
4251       </div>
4252     </div>
4253     <div class="padding"></div>
4254
4255     <div class="entry">
4256       <div class="title">
4257         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4258       </div>
4259       <div class="date">
4260         15th August 2012
4261       </div>
4262       <div class="body">
4263         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4264 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4265 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4266 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4267 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4268 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4269 vært vellykket.</p>
4270
4271 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4272 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4273 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4274 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4275
4276 <blockquote>
4277 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4278   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4279   Fedreheim."
4280 </blockquote>
4281
4282 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4283 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4284 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4285
4286 <blockquote>
4287
4288 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4289 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4290 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4291 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4292 i nord."
4293
4294 </blockquote>
4295
4296 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4297
4298 <blockquote>
4299 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4300   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4301   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4302   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4303 </blockquote>
4304
4305 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4306 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4307 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4308 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4309 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4310 via
4311 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4312
4313 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4314 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4315 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4316 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4317
4318       </div>
4319       <div class="tags">
4320
4321
4322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4323
4324
4325       </div>
4326     </div>
4327     <div class="padding"></div>
4328
4329     <div class="entry">
4330       <div class="title">
4331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4332       </div>
4333       <div class="date">
4334         19th July 2012
4335       </div>
4336       <div class="body">
4337         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4338 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4339 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4340 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4341
4342 <p><blockquote>
4343 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4344 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4345 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4346 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4347 medlemsforeningen
4348 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4349 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4350 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4351 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4352 epostlisten
4353 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4354 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4355 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4356 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4357 planlegges
4358 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4359 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4360
4361 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4362 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4363
4364 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4365 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4366 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4367 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4368 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4369
4370 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4371 å finne...</p>
4372 </blockquote></p>
4373 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4374
4375       </div>
4376       <div class="tags">
4377
4378
4379         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4380
4381
4382       </div>
4383     </div>
4384     <div class="padding"></div>
4385
4386     <div class="entry">
4387       <div class="title">
4388         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4389       </div>
4390       <div class="date">
4391          9th July 2012
4392       </div>
4393       <div class="body">
4394         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4395 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4396 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4397 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4398 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4399 to adjust and scale the just released
4400 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4401 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4402 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4403
4404 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4405
4406 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4407 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4408 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4409 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4410 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4411 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4412 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4413 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4414
4415 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4416 project?</strong></p>
4417
4418 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4419 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4420 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4421 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4422 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4423 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4424
4425 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4426 Edu?</strong></p>
4427
4428 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4429 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4430 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4431 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4432 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4433 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4434 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4435 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4436 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4437 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4438 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4439 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4440 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4441 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4442 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4443 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4444 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4445 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4446 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4447 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4448 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4449 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4450 quicker to update.
4451
4452 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4453 Edu?</strong></p>
4454
4455 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4456 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4457 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4458 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4459 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4460 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4461
4462 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4463 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4464 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4465 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4466 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4467 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4468 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4469 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4470 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4471 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4472 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4473 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4474 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4475 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4476 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4477
4478 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4479 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4480 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4481 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4482 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4483 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4484 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4485 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4486
4487 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4488 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4489 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4490 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4491 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4492 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4493 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4494 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4495 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4496 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4497 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4498 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4499 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4500 sound file.</p>
4501
4502 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4503 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4504 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4505 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4506 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4507 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4508 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4509 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4510 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4511
4512 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4513
4514 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4515 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4516 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4517 )</p>
4518
4519 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4520 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4521
4522 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4523 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4524 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4525 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4526 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4527 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4528 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4529 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4530 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4531 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4532 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4533 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4534 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4535 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4536 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4537
4538 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4539 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4540 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4541 management with Airtime</a>,
4542 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4543 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4544 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4545 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4546 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4547
4548       </div>
4549       <div class="tags">
4550
4551
4552         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4553
4554
4555       </div>
4556     </div>
4557     <div class="padding"></div>
4558
4559     <div class="entry">
4560       <div class="title">
4561         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4562       </div>
4563       <div class="date">
4564          8th July 2012
4565       </div>
4566       <div class="body">
4567         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4568 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4569 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4570 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4571 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4572 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4573 Steinberg in his blog post
4574 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4575 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4576 spending of your tax money.</p>
4577
4578 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4579 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4580 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4581 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4582 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4583 purchases.</p>
4584
4585       </div>
4586       <div class="tags">
4587
4588
4589         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4590
4591
4592       </div>
4593     </div>
4594     <div class="padding"></div>
4595
4596     <div class="entry">
4597       <div class="title">
4598         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
4599       </div>
4600       <div class="date">
4601          7th July 2012
4602       </div>
4603       <div class="body">
4604         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4605 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
4606 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
4607 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
4608 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
4609 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
4610 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
4611 receive.  The software is
4612
4613 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
4614 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
4615 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
4616 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
4617 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
4618 Windows</a>.</p>
4619
4620 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
4621 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
4622
4623 <p><ul>
4624
4625   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
4626     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
4627
4628   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
4629     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
4630     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
4631     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
4632     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
4633     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
4634     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
4635     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
4636     </li>
4637
4638   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
4639     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
4640
4641   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
4642     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
4643
4644   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
4645     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
4646
4647   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
4648
4649   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
4650     formats </li>
4651
4652   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
4653     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
4654     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
4655     (as separate sets)</li>
4656
4657   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
4658     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
4659     percentage)</li>
4660
4661   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
4662     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
4663     memory):
4664     <ul>
4665       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
4666       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
4667       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
4668       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
4669       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
4670       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
4671       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
4672       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
4673       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
4674       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
4675           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
4676           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
4677           activity)</li>
4678       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
4679       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
4680     </ul></li>
4681
4682   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
4683     <ul>
4684       <li>Break periods</li>
4685       <li>For teacher(s):
4686         <ul>
4687           <li>Not available periods</li>
4688           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
4689           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4690           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4691           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4692           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4693
4694           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4695             days per week</li>
4696         </ul></li>
4697       <li>For students (sets):
4698         <ul>
4699           <li>Not available periods</li>
4700           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
4701           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4702           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4703           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4704           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4705
4706           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4707             days per week</li>
4708         </ul></li>
4709       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
4710         <ul>
4711           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
4712           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
4713           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
4714           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
4715           <li>End(s) students day</li>
4716           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
4717           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
4718             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
4719           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
4720           <li>Not overlapping</li>
4721           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
4722           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
4723         </ul></li>
4724     </ul></li>
4725
4726   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
4727     <ul>
4728       <li>Room not available periods</li>
4729       <li>For teacher(s):
4730         <ul>
4731           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4732           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4733           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4734         </ul>
4735       </li>
4736
4737       <li>For students (sets):
4738         <ul>
4739           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4740           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4741           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4742         </ul>
4743       </li>
4744       <li>Preferred room(s):
4745         <ul>
4746           <li>For a subject</li>
4747           <li>For an activity tag</li>
4748           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
4749           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
4750         </ul>
4751       </li>
4752
4753       <li>For a set of activities:
4754         <ul>
4755           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
4756         </ul>
4757       </li>
4758     </ul>
4759   </li>
4760 </ul></p>
4761
4762 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
4763 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
4764 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
4765 manually, check it out.
4766
4767 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
4768 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
4769 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
4770 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
4771 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
4772 section</a>.</p>
4773
4774       </div>
4775       <div class="tags">
4776
4777
4778         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4779
4780
4781       </div>
4782     </div>
4783     <div class="padding"></div>
4784
4785     <div class="entry">
4786       <div class="title">
4787         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
4788       </div>
4789       <div class="date">
4790         30th June 2012
4791       </div>
4792       <div class="body">
4793         <p>Tidligere leder av
4794 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
4795 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
4796 i media og
4797 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
4798 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
4799 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
4800 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
4801 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
4802 noen måneder etter at
4803 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
4804 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
4805
4806 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4807
4808 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
4809 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
4810 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
4811 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
4812 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
4813 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
4814
4815 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4816
4817 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
4818 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
4819 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
4820 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
4821 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
4822 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
4823 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
4824 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
4825 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
4826 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
4827 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
4828 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
4829 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
4830 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
4831 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
4832 Windows.</p>
4833
4834 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4835
4836 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
4837 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
4838 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
4839 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
4840 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
4841 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
4842 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
4843 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
4844 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
4845 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
4846
4847 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4848
4849 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
4850 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
4851 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
4852 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
4853
4854 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4855
4856 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
4857 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
4858 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
4859 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
4860 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
4861 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
4862 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
4863 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
4864 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
4865
4866 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4867 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4868
4869 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
4870 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
4871 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
4872 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
4873 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
4874 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
4875 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
4876 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
4877
4878       </div>
4879       <div class="tags">
4880
4881
4882         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4883
4884
4885       </div>
4886     </div>
4887     <div class="padding"></div>
4888
4889     <div class="entry">
4890       <div class="title">
4891         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
4892       </div>
4893       <div class="date">
4894         26th June 2012
4895       </div>
4896       <div class="body">
4897         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
4898 another interview with the people behind
4899 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4900 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
4901 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
4902 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
4903 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
4904 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4905 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4906
4907 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4908
4909 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
4910 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
4911 ICT in schools</p>
4912
4913 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4914 project?</strong></p>
4915
4916 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
4917 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
4918 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
4919 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
4920
4921 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4922 Edu?</strong></p>
4923
4924 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
4925 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
4926 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
4927 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
4928
4929 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4930 Edu?</strong></p>
4931
4932 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
4933 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
4934 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
4935 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4936 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4937 technologies in school.</p>
4938
4939 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4940
4941 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4942 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4943 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4944
4945 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4946 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4947
4948 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4949 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4950 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4951 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4952
4953 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4954 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4955 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4956
4957 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4958 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4959 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4960 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4961 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4962 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4963 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4964 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4965 working there.</p>
4966
4967       </div>
4968       <div class="tags">
4969
4970
4971         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4972
4973
4974       </div>
4975     </div>
4976     <div class="padding"></div>
4977
4978     <div class="entry">
4979       <div class="title">
4980         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4981       </div>
4982       <div class="date">
4983         11th June 2012
4984       </div>
4985       <div class="body">
4986         <p>During my work on
4987 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4988 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4989 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4990 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4991 explanation.</p>
4992
4993 <p><ul>
4994
4995 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4996 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4997 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4998 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4999 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5000 installation.</li>
5001
5002 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5003 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5004 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5005 at least try to enable it for these services:
5006 <ul>
5007
5008   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5009     quotas.</li>
5010   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5011   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5012   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5013   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5014   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5015
5016 </ul></li>
5017
5018 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5019 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5020 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5021 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5022
5023 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5024 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5025 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5026
5027 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5028 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5029 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5030 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5031 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5032 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5033
5034 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5035 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5036 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5037 in Wheezy.
5038
5039 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5040 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5041 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5042
5043 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5044 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5045 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5046 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5047
5048 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5049 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5050 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5051 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5052
5053 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5054 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5055 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5056
5057 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5058 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5059 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5060
5061 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5062 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5063 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5064 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5065 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5066
5067 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5068 <ul>
5069
5070 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5071 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5072 <li>and probably more?</li>
5073 </ul></li>
5074
5075 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5076 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5077 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5078 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5079 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5080 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5081 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5082 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5083
5084
5085 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5086 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5087 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5088 use.</li>
5089
5090 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5091 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5092 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5093 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5094 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5095
5096 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5097 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5098 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5099 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5100 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5101 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5102
5103 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5104 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5105 There are at least three implementations,
5106 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5107 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5108 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5109 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5110 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5111 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5112 given room.</li>
5113
5114 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5115 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5116 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5117 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5118 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5119 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5120 investigated.</li>
5121
5122 </ul></p>
5123
5124 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5125 version.</p>
5126
5127       </div>
5128       <div class="tags">
5129
5130
5131         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5132
5133
5134       </div>
5135     </div>
5136     <div class="padding"></div>
5137
5138     <div class="entry">
5139       <div class="title">
5140         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5141       </div>
5142       <div class="date">
5143          2nd June 2012
5144       </div>
5145       <div class="body">
5146         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5147 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5148 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5149 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5150 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5151 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5152
5153 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5154
5155 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5156 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5157 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5158 by Angela).</p>
5159
5160 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5161 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5162 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5163 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5164 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5165
5166 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5167 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5168 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5169 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5170 skills with communication skills.</p>
5171
5172 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5173 project?</strong></p>
5174
5175 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5176 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5177 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5178 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5179 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5180
5181 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5182 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5183 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5184 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5185 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5186 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5187 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5188 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5189 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5190
5191 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5192 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5193 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5194
5195 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5196
5197 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5198 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5199 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5200 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5201 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5202 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5203 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5204 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5205 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5206 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5207 point.</p>
5208
5209 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5210 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5211 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5212 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5213 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5214 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5215
5216 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5217 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5218 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5219 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5220 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5221 spare time.</p>
5222
5223 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5224 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5225 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5226 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5227 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5228
5229 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5230 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5231 avoidance do exist.</p>
5232
5233 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5234 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5235 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5236 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5237 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5238 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5239 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5240
5241 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5242 Edu?</strong></p>
5243
5244 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5245 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5246 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5247 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5248 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5249 developers, etc.</p>
5250
5251 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5252 Edu?</strong></p>
5253
5254 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5255
5256 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5257 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5258 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5259 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5260 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5261 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5262 contribute).</p>
5263
5264 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5265 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5266 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5267 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5268 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5269 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5270 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5271 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5272 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5273 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5274
5275 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5276
5277 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5278
5279 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5280 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5281 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5282
5283 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5284 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5285 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5286 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5287
5288 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5289 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5290 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5291 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5292 whiteboard.</p>
5293
5294 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5295
5296 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5297 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5298
5299 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5300 enrol people.</p>
5301
5302       </div>
5303       <div class="tags">
5304
5305
5306         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5307
5308
5309       </div>
5310     </div>
5311     <div class="padding"></div>
5312
5313     <div class="entry">
5314       <div class="title">
5315         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5316       </div>
5317       <div class="date">
5318         27th May 2012
5319       </div>
5320       <div class="body">
5321         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5322 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5323 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5324 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5325 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5326 since then, helping to make sure the
5327 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5328 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5329
5330 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5331
5332 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5333 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5334 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5335 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5336 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5337 our computer network.</p>
5338
5339 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5340 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5341 (4 months).</p>
5342
5343 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5344 project?</strong></p>
5345
5346 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5347 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5348 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5349 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5350 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5351 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5352 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5353 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5354 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5355 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5356 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5357 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5358 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5359 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5360
5361 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5362 Edu?</strong></p>
5363
5364 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5365 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5366 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5367 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5368 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5369 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5370 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5371 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5372
5373 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5374 Edu?</strong></p>
5375
5376 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5377 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5378 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5379 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5380 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5381 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5382 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5383 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5384 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5385 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5386 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5387 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5388
5389 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5390
5391 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5392 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5393 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5394
5395 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5396 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5397
5398 <p><ol>
5399
5400 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5401 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5402 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5403 developing.</li>
5404
5405 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5406 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5407 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5408 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5409 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5410
5411 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5412 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5413 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5414
5415 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5416 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5417 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5418 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5419
5420 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5421 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5422 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5423
5424 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5425
5426 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5427 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5428 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5429 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5430
5431 </ol></p>
5432
5433       </div>
5434       <div class="tags">
5435
5436
5437         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5438
5439
5440       </div>
5441     </div>
5442     <div class="padding"></div>
5443
5444     <div class="entry">
5445       <div class="title">
5446         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5447       </div>
5448       <div class="date">
5449         20th May 2012
5450       </div>
5451       <div class="body">
5452         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5453 musiker og mannen bak
5454 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5455 i Rosegarden</a>
5456 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5457 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5458 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5459 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5460 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5461 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5462
5463 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5464
5465 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5466 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5467 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5468 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5469 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5470 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5471 musikkundervisning.</p>
5472
5473 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5474 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5475
5476 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5477 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5478 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5479 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5480 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5481 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5482
5483 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5484
5485 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5486 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5487 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5488 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5489
5490 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5491
5492 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5493 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5494 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5495 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5496 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5497
5498 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5499
5500 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5501 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5502 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5503
5504 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5505 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5506 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5507 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5508 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5509 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5510 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5511 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5512 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5513 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5514 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5515 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5516
5517 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5518 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5519
5520 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5521
5522 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5523 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5524 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5525 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5526 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5527 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5528
5529 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5530 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5531 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5532
5533 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5534 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5535 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5536
5537 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5538 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5539 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5540 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5541 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5542 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5543 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5544 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5545
5546 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5547
5548 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5549 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5550
5551 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5552 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5553
5554 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5555 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5556 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5557 alternativer.
5558
5559       </div>
5560       <div class="tags">
5561
5562
5563         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5564
5565
5566       </div>
5567     </div>
5568     <div class="padding"></div>
5569
5570     <div class="entry">
5571       <div class="title">
5572         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5573       </div>
5574       <div class="date">
5575         13th May 2012
5576       </div>
5577       <div class="body">
5578         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5579 publish another interview with the people behind
5580 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5581 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5582 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5583 details get right before release.
5584
5585 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5586
5587 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5588 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5589 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5590 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5591 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5592 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5593 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5594 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5595
5596 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5597 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5598 home since 2006.</p>
5599
5600 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5601 project?</strong></p>
5602
5603 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
5604 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
5605 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
5606 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
5607 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
5608 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
5609
5610 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
5611 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
5612 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
5613 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
5614 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
5615 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
5616 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
5617 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
5618 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
5619 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
5620 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
5621 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
5622 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
5623 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
5624 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
5625 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
5626
5627 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5628 Edu?</strong></p>
5629
5630 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
5631 for me as today.</p>
5632
5633 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
5634
5635 <p><ul>
5636
5637 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
5638 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
5639
5640 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
5641 cost.</li>
5642
5643 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
5644 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
5645 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
5646 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
5647 server</li>
5648
5649 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
5650 school.</li>
5651
5652 </ul></p>
5653
5654 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
5655 came up in this way:</p>
5656
5657 <p><ul>
5658
5659 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
5660 now.</li>
5661
5662 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
5663 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
5664 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
5665
5666 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
5667 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
5668 interfaces used in the past.</li>
5669
5670 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
5671 different needs.</li>
5672
5673 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
5674
5675 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
5676 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
5677 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
5678
5679 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
5680 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
5681
5682 </ul></p>
5683
5684 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5685 Edu?</strong></p>
5686
5687 <p><ul>
5688
5689 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
5690 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
5691 whole municipality areas.</li>
5692
5693 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
5694 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
5695 politicians.</li>
5696
5697 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
5698
5699 </ul></p>
5700
5701 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5702
5703 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
5704 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
5705 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
5706 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
5707 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
5708 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
5709
5710 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
5711 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
5712 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
5713 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
5714 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
5715
5716 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5717 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5718
5719 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
5720 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
5721 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
5722
5723       </div>
5724       <div class="tags">
5725
5726
5727         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5728
5729
5730       </div>
5731     </div>
5732     <div class="padding"></div>
5733
5734     <div class="entry">
5735       <div class="title">
5736         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
5737       </div>
5738       <div class="date">
5739         15th April 2012
5740       </div>
5741       <div class="body">
5742         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
5743 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
5744 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
5745 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
5746 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
5747
5748 <p><blockquote>
5749
5750 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
5751 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
5752 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
5753 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
5754 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
5755 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
5756 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
5757
5758 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
5759 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
5760 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
5761 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
5762 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
5763 er:</p>
5764
5765 <ul>
5766 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
5767 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
5768 </ul>
5769
5770 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
5771 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
5772 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
5773 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
5774 dialog med informantene.</p>
5775
5776 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
5777 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
5778 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
5779 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
5780 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
5781 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
5782 OpenOffice.org.</p>
5783
5784 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
5785 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
5786 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
5787 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
5788 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
5789 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
5790 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
5791 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
5792 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
5793 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
5794 formater.</p>
5795
5796 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
5797 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
5798 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
5799 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
5800 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
5801 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
5802 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
5803 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
5804 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
5805 </blockquote></p>
5806
5807 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
5808 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
5809 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
5810 til DUO...</p>
5811
5812
5813       </div>
5814       <div class="tags">
5815
5816
5817         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5818
5819
5820       </div>
5821     </div>
5822     <div class="padding"></div>
5823
5824     <div class="entry">
5825       <div class="title">
5826         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
5827       </div>
5828       <div class="date">
5829         15th April 2012
5830       </div>
5831       <div class="body">
5832         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5833 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
5834 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
5835 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
5836 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
5837 up in the recently released
5838 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5839 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5840
5841 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5842
5843 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
5844 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
5845 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
5846 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
5847 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
5848 information technology and science/technology.</p>
5849
5850 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5851 project?</strong></p>
5852
5853 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
5854 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
5855 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
5856 contributing.</p>
5857
5858 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5859 Edu?</strong></p>
5860
5861 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
5862 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
5863 Debian Project!</p>
5864
5865 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5866 Edu?</strong></p>
5867
5868 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
5869 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
5870 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
5871 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
5872 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
5873 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
5874 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
5875
5876 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
5877 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
5878
5879 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5880
5881 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
5882 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
5883 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
5884 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
5885
5886 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5887 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5888
5889 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
5890 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
5891 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
5892 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
5893 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
5894 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
5895 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
5896
5897 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
5898 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
5899 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
5900 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
5901 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
5902 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
5903 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
5904 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
5905
5906       </div>
5907       <div class="tags">
5908
5909
5910         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5911
5912
5913       </div>
5914     </div>
5915     <div class="padding"></div>
5916
5917     <div class="entry">
5918       <div class="title">
5919         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
5920       </div>
5921       <div class="date">
5922          8th April 2012
5923       </div>
5924       <div class="body">
5925         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
5926 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
5927 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
5928 contributor to the
5929 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5930 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
5931
5932 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5933
5934 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
5935 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5936
5937 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5938 project?</strong></p>
5939
5940 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5941 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5942 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5943 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5944 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5945 "localisation".</p>
5946
5947 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5948 Edu?</strong></p>
5949
5950 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5951 Edu?</strong></p>
5952
5953 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5954 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5955 education system.</p>
5956
5957 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5958 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5959 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5960 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5961
5962 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5963
5964 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5965 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5966 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5967
5968 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5969 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5970
5971 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5972 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5973 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5974
5975       </div>
5976       <div class="tags">
5977
5978
5979         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5980
5981
5982       </div>
5983     </div>
5984     <div class="padding"></div>
5985
5986     <div class="entry">
5987       <div class="title">
5988         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5989       </div>
5990       <div class="date">
5991          6th April 2012
5992       </div>
5993       <div class="body">
5994         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5995 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5996 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5997 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5998 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5999 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6000 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6001 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6002 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6003
6004 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6005 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6006 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6007 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6008 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6009 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6010 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6011 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6012
6013 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6014 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6015 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6016 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6017 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6018 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6019 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6020 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6021
6022 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6023 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6024 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6025 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6026 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6027 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6028 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6029 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6030 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6031 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6032
6033 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6034 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6035 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6036 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6037
6038 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6039 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6040
6041       </div>
6042       <div class="tags">
6043
6044
6045         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6046
6047
6048       </div>
6049     </div>
6050     <div class="padding"></div>
6051
6052     <div class="entry">
6053       <div class="title">
6054         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6055       </div>
6056       <div class="date">
6057          5th April 2012
6058       </div>
6059       <div class="body">
6060         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6061 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6062 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6063 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6064 for schools.  Check out his article
6065 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6066 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6067
6068       </div>
6069       <div class="tags">
6070
6071
6072         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6073
6074
6075       </div>
6076     </div>
6077     <div class="padding"></div>
6078
6079     <div class="entry">
6080       <div class="title">
6081         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6082       </div>
6083       <div class="date">
6084          1st April 2012
6085       </div>
6086       <div class="body">
6087         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6088 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6089 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6090 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6091
6092 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6093
6094 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6095 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6096 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6097 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6098 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6099 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6100 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6101 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6102
6103 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6104 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6105 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6106 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6107 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6108 the end of April this year.</p>
6109
6110 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6111 project?</strong></p>
6112
6113 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6114 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6115 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6116 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6117 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6118 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6119 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6120 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6121 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6122 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6123 Skolelinux.</p>
6124
6125 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6126 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6127 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6128 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6129 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6130 the admin teachers.</p>
6131
6132 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6133 Edu?</strong></p>
6134
6135 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6136 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6137 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6138
6139 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6140 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6141 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6142 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6143 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6144
6145 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6146 Edu?</strong></p>
6147
6148 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6149
6150 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6151
6152 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6153 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6154 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6155 LibreOffice.</p>
6156
6157 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6158 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6159
6160 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6161 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6162 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6163
6164       </div>
6165       <div class="tags">
6166
6167
6168         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6169
6170
6171       </div>
6172     </div>
6173     <div class="padding"></div>
6174
6175     <div class="entry">
6176       <div class="title">
6177         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6178       </div>
6179       <div class="date">
6180         30th March 2012
6181       </div>
6182       <div class="body">
6183         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6184 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6185 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6186
6187 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6188 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6189
6190 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6191
6192 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6193 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6194 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6195 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6196 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6197
6198 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6199 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6200 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6201 Nord-Odal:</p>
6202
6203 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6204 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6205 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6206 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6207
6208 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6209 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6210 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6211 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6212 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6213 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6214 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6215 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6216
6217 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6218
6219 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6220 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6221 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6222 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6223 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6224 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6225 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6226 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6227
6228 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6229 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6230 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6231 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6232 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6233 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6234 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6235 Norge og verden.</p>
6236
6237 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6238
6239 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6240 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6241
6242 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6243
6244 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6245
6246 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6247
6248 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6249 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6250
6251 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6252
6253 <p><ul>
6254
6255  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6256  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6257  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6258  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6259  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6260  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6261  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6262
6263 </ul></p>
6264
6265       </div>
6266       <div class="tags">
6267
6268
6269         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6270
6271
6272       </div>
6273     </div>
6274     <div class="padding"></div>
6275
6276     <div class="entry">
6277       <div class="title">
6278         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6279       </div>
6280       <div class="date">
6281         28th March 2012
6282       </div>
6283       <div class="body">
6284         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6285 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6286 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6287 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6288
6289 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6290
6291 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6292 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6293 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6294 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6295
6296 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6297 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6298 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6299 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6300 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6301 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6302 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6303 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6304
6305 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6306 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6307
6308 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6309 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6310 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6311 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6312 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6313 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6314 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6315 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6316 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6317 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6318 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6319 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6320 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6321 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6322 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6323 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6324 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6325 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6326 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6327 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6328
6329 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6330
6331 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6332 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6333 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6334 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6335 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6336 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6337 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6338 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6339 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6340 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6341 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6342 samarbeid med andre.
6343
6344 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6345 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6346 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6347
6348 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6349
6350 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6351 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6352 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6353 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6354 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6355
6356 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6357 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6358 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6359 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6360 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6361 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6362 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6363
6364 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6365 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6366 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6367 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6368
6369 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6370 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6371 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6372 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6373 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6374 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6375
6376 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6377 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6378 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6379 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6380 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6381 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6382
6383 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6384 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6385 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6386 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6387 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6388 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6389 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6390 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6391 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6392 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6393
6394 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6395
6396 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6397 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6398 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6399 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6400 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6401 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6402 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6403 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6404 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6405 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6406 Bill G sine produkter.
6407
6408 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6409 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6410
6411 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6412 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6413 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6414 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6415 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6416 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6417 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6418 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6419 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6420
6421       </div>
6422       <div class="tags">
6423
6424
6425         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6426
6427
6428       </div>
6429     </div>
6430     <div class="padding"></div>
6431
6432     <div class="entry">
6433       <div class="title">
6434         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6435       </div>
6436       <div class="date">
6437         25th March 2012
6438       </div>
6439       <div class="body">
6440         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6441
6442 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6443 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6444 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6445 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6446 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6447 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6448 and download as a
6449 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6450 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6451
6452 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6453   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6454     <p>Download video as
6455       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6456 </video></p>
6457
6458       </div>
6459       <div class="tags">
6460
6461
6462         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6463
6464
6465       </div>
6466     </div>
6467     <div class="padding"></div>
6468
6469     <div class="entry">
6470       <div class="title">
6471         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6472       </div>
6473       <div class="date">
6474         19th March 2012
6475       </div>
6476       <div class="body">
6477         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6478 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6479 Et eksempel er
6480 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6481 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6482 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6483 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6484 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6485 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6486 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6487 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6488 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6489 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6490 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6491 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6492 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6493
6494 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6495 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6496 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6497 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6498 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6499
6500 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6501 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6502 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6503 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6504 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6505 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6506 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6507 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6508
6509 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6510 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6511 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6512
6513 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6514 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6515 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6516 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6517
6518 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6519 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6520
6521       </div>
6522       <div class="tags">
6523
6524
6525         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6526
6527
6528       </div>
6529     </div>
6530     <div class="padding"></div>
6531
6532     <div class="entry">
6533       <div class="title">
6534         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6535       </div>
6536       <div class="date">
6537         19th March 2012
6538       </div>
6539       <div class="body">
6540         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6541 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6542 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6543 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6544 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6545
6546 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6547
6548 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6549 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6550 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6551 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6552 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6553 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6554 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6555 installations.</p>
6556
6557 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6558 project?</strong></p>
6559
6560 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6561 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6562 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6563 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6564 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6565 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6566 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6567 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6568 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6569
6570 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6571 Edu?</strong></p>
6572
6573 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6574 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6575 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6576 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6577 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6578 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6579 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6580 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6581
6582 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6583 Edu?</strong></p>
6584
6585 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6586 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6587 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6588 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6589 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6590
6591 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6592
6593 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
6594 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
6595 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
6596 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
6597 that counts...)</p>
6598
6599 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6600 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6601
6602 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
6603 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
6604 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
6605 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
6606 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
6607 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
6608 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
6609 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
6610 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
6611 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
6612 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
6613
6614 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
6615 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
6616 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
6617
6618       </div>
6619       <div class="tags">
6620
6621
6622         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6623
6624
6625       </div>
6626     </div>
6627     <div class="padding"></div>
6628
6629     <div class="entry">
6630       <div class="title">
6631         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
6632       </div>
6633       <div class="date">
6634         16th March 2012
6635       </div>
6636       <div class="body">
6637         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
6638 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
6639 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
6640 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
6641
6642 <ol>
6643
6644 <li>The documentation is written in a
6645 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
6646 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
6647 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
6648 docbook XML.</li>
6649
6650 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
6651 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
6652 with the translated text.</li>
6653
6654 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
6655 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
6656 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
6657 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
6658 images.</li>
6659
6660 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
6661 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
6662
6663 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
6664 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
6665
6666 </ol>
6667
6668 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
6669 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
6670 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
6671 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
6672 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
6673
6674 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
6675 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
6676 package</a>.</p>
6677
6678       </div>
6679       <div class="tags">
6680
6681
6682         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6683
6684
6685       </div>
6686     </div>
6687     <div class="padding"></div>
6688
6689     <div class="entry">
6690       <div class="title">
6691         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
6692       </div>
6693       <div class="date">
6694         13th March 2012
6695       </div>
6696       <div class="body">
6697         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
6698 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
6699 er tilgjengelige allerede og
6700 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
6701 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
6702 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
6703 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
6704 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
6705 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
6706 likevel.</p>
6707
6708       </div>
6709       <div class="tags">
6710
6711
6712         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
6713
6714
6715       </div>
6716     </div>
6717     <div class="padding"></div>
6718
6719     <div class="entry">
6720       <div class="title">
6721         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
6722       </div>
6723       <div class="date">
6724         12th March 2012
6725       </div>
6726       <div class="body">
6727         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
6728 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
6729 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
6730 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
6731 styremedlem i foreningen
6732 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6733 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
6734 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
6735 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
6736 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
6737 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
6738 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
6739 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
6740 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
6741 veien.</p>
6742
6743 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6744
6745 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
6746 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
6747 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
6748 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
6749 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
6750 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
6751 slutten.</p>
6752
6753 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6754
6755 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
6756 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
6757 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
6758 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
6759 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
6760 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
6761 admin-siden).</p>
6762
6763 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6764
6765 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
6766 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
6767 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
6768 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
6769 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
6770 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
6771
6772 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6773
6774 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
6775 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
6776 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
6777 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
6778 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
6779 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
6780 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
6781
6782 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6783
6784 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
6785 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
6786 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
6787 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
6788
6789 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6790 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6791
6792 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
6793 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
6794 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
6795 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
6796 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
6797 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
6798 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
6799 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
6800 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
6801 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
6802 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
6803 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
6804 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
6805 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
6806 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
6807 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
6808 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
6809 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
6810
6811       </div>
6812       <div class="tags">
6813
6814
6815         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6816
6817
6818       </div>
6819     </div>
6820     <div class="padding"></div>
6821
6822     <div class="entry">
6823       <div class="title">
6824         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
6825       </div>
6826       <div class="date">
6827         11th March 2012
6828       </div>
6829       <div class="body">
6830         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
6831 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
6832 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6833 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
6834 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
6835 you have not done so already.</p>
6836
6837 <p>I plan to present the new version at
6838 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
6839 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
6840 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
6841
6842       </div>
6843       <div class="tags">
6844
6845
6846         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6847
6848
6849       </div>
6850     </div>
6851     <div class="padding"></div>
6852
6853     <div class="entry">
6854       <div class="title">
6855         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
6856       </div>
6857       <div class="date">
6858          9th March 2012
6859       </div>
6860       <div class="body">
6861         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
6862 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
6863 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
6864 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
6865 more international audience.</p>
6866
6867 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6868 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
6869 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
6870 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
6871 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
6872 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
6873 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
6874
6875
6876 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6877
6878 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
6879 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
6880 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
6881 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
6882 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
6883 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
6884 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
6885 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
6886 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
6887 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
6888 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
6889
6890 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6891 project?</strong></p>
6892
6893 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
6894 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
6895 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
6896 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
6897 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
6898 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
6899 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
6900 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
6901 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
6902 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
6903 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
6904 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
6905 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
6906
6907 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6908 Edu?</strong></p>
6909
6910 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
6911 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
6912 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
6913 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
6914 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
6915 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
6916 Japan.</p>
6917
6918 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6919 Edu?</strong></p>
6920
6921 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
6922 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
6923 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
6924 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
6925 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
6926 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
6927 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
6928 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
6929 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
6930 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
6931 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
6932 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
6933 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
6934 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
6935 help.</p>
6936
6937 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6938
6939 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6940 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6941 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6942 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6943 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6944 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6945 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6946 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6947 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6948 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6949 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6950
6951 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6952 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6953
6954 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6955 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6956 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6957 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6958 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6959 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6960 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6961 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6962 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6963 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6964 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6965 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6966
6967       </div>
6968       <div class="tags">
6969
6970
6971         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6972
6973
6974       </div>
6975     </div>
6976     <div class="padding"></div>
6977
6978     <div class="entry">
6979       <div class="title">
6980         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6981       </div>
6982       <div class="date">
6983          7th March 2012
6984       </div>
6985       <div class="body">
6986         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6987
6988 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6989 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6990 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6991 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6992 download as a
6993 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6994 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6995
6996 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6997   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6998     <p>Download video as
6999       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7000 </video></p>
7001
7002       </div>
7003       <div class="tags">
7004
7005
7006         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7007
7008
7009       </div>
7010     </div>
7011     <div class="padding"></div>
7012
7013     <div class="entry">
7014       <div class="title">
7015         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7016       </div>
7017       <div class="date">
7018          4th March 2012
7019       </div>
7020       <div class="body">
7021         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7022 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7023 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7024 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7025 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7026 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7027
7028       </div>
7029       <div class="tags">
7030
7031
7032         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7033
7034
7035       </div>
7036     </div>
7037     <div class="padding"></div>
7038
7039     <div class="entry">
7040       <div class="title">
7041         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7042       </div>
7043       <div class="date">
7044          3rd March 2012
7045       </div>
7046       <div class="body">
7047         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7048 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7049 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7050 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7051 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7052 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7053 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7054 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7055 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7056 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7057 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7058 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7059 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7060 year...</p>
7061
7062 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7063 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7064 name,
7065 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7066 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7067 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7068 mean). I've been following
7069 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7070 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7071 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7072 Check it out. :)</p>
7073
7074       </div>
7075       <div class="tags">
7076
7077
7078         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7079
7080
7081       </div>
7082     </div>
7083     <div class="padding"></div>
7084
7085     <div class="entry">
7086       <div class="title">
7087         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7088       </div>
7089       <div class="date">
7090         27th February 2012
7091       </div>
7092       <div class="body">
7093         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7094 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7095 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7096 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7097 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7098
7099 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7100
7101 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7102 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7103 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7104
7105 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7106
7107 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7108 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7109 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7110 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7111
7112 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7113 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7114
7115 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7116 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7117
7118 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7119
7120 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7121 løsninger.</p>
7122
7123 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7124 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7125
7126 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7127 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7128 under dette.</p>
7129
7130       </div>
7131       <div class="tags">
7132
7133
7134         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7135
7136
7137       </div>
7138     </div>
7139     <div class="padding"></div>
7140
7141     <div class="entry">
7142       <div class="title">
7143         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7144       </div>
7145       <div class="date">
7146         27th February 2012
7147       </div>
7148       <div class="body">
7149         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7150 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7151 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7152 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7153 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7154 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7155 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7156
7157       </div>
7158       <div class="tags">
7159
7160
7161         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7162
7163
7164       </div>
7165     </div>
7166     <div class="padding"></div>
7167
7168     <div class="entry">
7169       <div class="title">
7170         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7171       </div>
7172       <div class="date">
7173         21st February 2012
7174       </div>
7175       <div class="body">
7176         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7177 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7178 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7179 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7180 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7181
7182 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7183
7184 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7185 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7186 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7187 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7188 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7189 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7190 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7191 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7192
7193 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7194
7195 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7196 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7197 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7198 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7199 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7200 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7201 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7202 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7203 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7204
7205 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7206 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7207 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7208 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7209
7210 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7211 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7212 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7213 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7214 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7215 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7216 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7217 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7218 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7219 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7220
7221 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7222
7223 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7224 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7225 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7226 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7227
7228 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7229 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7230 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7231 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7232 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7233 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7234 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7235 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7236
7237 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7238 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7239 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7240 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7241 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7242 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7243 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7244 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7245 PC-er.</p>
7246
7247 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7248
7249 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7250 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7251 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7252 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7253 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7254 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7255 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7256 Foundation.</p>
7257
7258 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7259 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7260 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7261 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7262 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7263 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7264 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7265 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7266
7267 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7268 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7269 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7270 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7271 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7272 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7273 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7274 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7275
7276 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7277 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7278 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7279 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7280 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7281 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7282 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7283 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7284 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7285 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7286
7287 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7288
7289 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7290 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7291 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7292 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7293 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7294 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7295
7296 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7297 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7298
7299 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7300 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7301 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7302 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7303 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7304 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7305 støttetjenester.</p>
7306
7307 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7308 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7309 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7310 selges til kommuner.</p>
7311
7312       </div>
7313       <div class="tags">
7314
7315
7316         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7317
7318
7319       </div>
7320     </div>
7321     <div class="padding"></div>
7322
7323     <div class="entry">
7324       <div class="title">
7325         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7326       </div>
7327       <div class="date">
7328         19th February 2012
7329       </div>
7330       <div class="body">
7331         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7332 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7333 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7334 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7335 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7336 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7337 solution for your school.</p>
7338
7339       </div>
7340       <div class="tags">
7341
7342
7343         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7344
7345
7346       </div>
7347     </div>
7348     <div class="padding"></div>
7349
7350     <div class="entry">
7351       <div class="title">
7352         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7353       </div>
7354       <div class="date">
7355         18th February 2012
7356       </div>
7357       <div class="body">
7358         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7359 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7360 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7361 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7362 Skolen</a>.</p>
7363
7364 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7365
7366 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7367 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7368 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7369
7370 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7371
7372 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7373 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7374 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7375 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7376 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7377 familien.</p>
7378
7379 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7380
7381 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7382 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7383 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7384 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7385 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7386
7387 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7388
7389 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7390 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7391 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7392 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7393
7394 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7395
7396 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7397 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7398 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7399 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7400 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7401 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7402 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7403 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7404
7405 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7406 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7407
7408 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7409 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7410 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7411 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7412 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7413 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7414 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7415 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7416 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7417 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7418
7419       </div>
7420       <div class="tags">
7421
7422
7423         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7424
7425
7426       </div>
7427     </div>
7428     <div class="padding"></div>
7429
7430     <div class="entry">
7431       <div class="title">
7432         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7433       </div>
7434       <div class="date">
7435         13th February 2012
7436       </div>
7437       <div class="body">
7438         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7439 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7440 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7441 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7442 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7443 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7444 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7445 change the global proxy setting by editing
7446 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7447 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7448
7449 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7450 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7451 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7452
7453 <blockquote><pre>
7454 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7455 {
7456    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7457        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7458        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7459       return "DIRECT";
7460    else
7461       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7462 }
7463 </pre></blockquote>
7464
7465 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7466
7467 <blockquote><pre>
7468 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7469 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7470 </pre></blockquote>
7471
7472 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7473 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7474 would be used for
7475 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7476 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7477 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7478 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7479 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7480 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7481 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7482 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7483 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7484 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7485
7486 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7487 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7488 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7489 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7490 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7491 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7492
7493 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7494 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7495 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7496 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7497 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7498 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7499 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7500 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7501 the network setup changes.</p>
7502
7503 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7504 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7505 draft</a> and a
7506 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7507 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7508
7509       </div>
7510       <div class="tags">
7511
7512
7513         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7514
7515
7516       </div>
7517     </div>
7518     <div class="padding"></div>
7519
7520     <div class="entry">
7521       <div class="title">
7522         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7523       </div>
7524       <div class="date">
7525          7th February 2012
7526       </div>
7527       <div class="body">
7528         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7529 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7530 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7531
7532 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7533
7534 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7535 mere.</p>
7536
7537 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7538
7539 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7540 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7541 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7542 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7543
7544 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7545 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7546 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7547 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7548 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7549 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7550
7551 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7552
7553 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7554 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7555 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7556 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7557 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7558
7559 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7560
7561 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7562 versjoner.</p>
7563
7564 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7565 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7566 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7567 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7568 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7569 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7570 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7571
7572 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7573
7574 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7575 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7576 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7577
7578 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7579 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7580 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7581 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7582 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7583 også.</p>
7584
7585 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7586 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7587
7588 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7589 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7590 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7591 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7592 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7593 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
7594 bruker.</p>
7595
7596 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
7597 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
7598 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
7599 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
7600 vil ha det.</p>
7601
7602       </div>
7603       <div class="tags">
7604
7605
7606         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7607
7608
7609       </div>
7610     </div>
7611     <div class="padding"></div>
7612
7613     <div class="entry">
7614       <div class="title">
7615         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
7616       </div>
7617       <div class="date">
7618          5th February 2012
7619       </div>
7620       <div class="body">
7621         <p>Since the Lenny version of
7622 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
7623 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
7624 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
7625 in the morning.  This is done using the
7626 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
7627
7628 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
7629 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
7630 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
7631 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
7632 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
7633 the
7634 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
7635 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
7636 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
7637 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
7638 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
7639
7640 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
7641 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
7642 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
7643 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
7644 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
7645 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
7646 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
7647
7648 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
7649 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
7650 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
7651 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
7652 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
7653
7654       </div>
7655       <div class="tags">
7656
7657
7658         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7659
7660
7661       </div>
7662     </div>
7663     <div class="padding"></div>
7664
7665     <div class="entry">
7666       <div class="title">
7667         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7668       </div>
7669       <div class="date">
7670          4th February 2012
7671       </div>
7672       <div class="body">
7673         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
7674 publish the third beta version of
7675 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7676 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
7677 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
7678 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
7679 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7680 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
7681 on the project announcement list.</p>
7682
7683 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
7684 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
7685
7686 <ul>
7687
7688 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
7689   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
7690   the installation.</li>
7691
7692 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
7693   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
7694
7695 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
7696   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
7697   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
7698
7699 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
7700   for the local system administrator is created during installation
7701   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
7702   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
7703   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
7704   up to date on the system.</li>
7705
7706 </ul>
7707
7708 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
7709 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
7710 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
7711 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
7712
7713 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
7714 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
7715 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
7716 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
7717 will see you there?</p>
7718
7719       </div>
7720       <div class="tags">
7721
7722
7723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7724
7725
7726       </div>
7727     </div>
7728     <div class="padding"></div>
7729
7730     <div class="entry">
7731       <div class="title">
7732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7733       </div>
7734       <div class="date">
7735         27th January 2012
7736       </div>
7737       <div class="body">
7738         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
7739 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
7740 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7741 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
7742 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
7743 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
7744 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
7745
7746 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
7747 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
7748 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
7749 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
7750 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
7751 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
7752 not taken care of by this.</p>
7753
7754 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
7755 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
7756 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
7757 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
7758 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
7759 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
7760 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
7761 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
7762 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
7763 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
7764 firmware packages.</p>
7765
7766 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
7767 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
7768 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
7769 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
7770 initrd with extra firmware, the
7771 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
7772 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
7773 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
7774
7775 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
7776 network cards working.  For this,
7777 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
7778 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
7779 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
7780
7781 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
7782 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
7783 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
7784
7785 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
7786 try.</p>
7787
7788       </div>
7789       <div class="tags">
7790
7791
7792         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7793
7794
7795       </div>
7796     </div>
7797     <div class="padding"></div>
7798
7799     <div class="entry">
7800       <div class="title">
7801         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
7802       </div>
7803       <div class="date">
7804         26th January 2012
7805       </div>
7806       <div class="body">
7807         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
7808 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
7809 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
7810
7811 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
7812 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
7813 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
7814 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
7815 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
7816 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
7817
7818 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
7819 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
7820 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
7821 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
7822
7823 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
7824 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
7825 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
7826 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
7827 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
7828 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
7829 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
7830 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7831 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7832 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
7833 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
7834 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7835 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7836 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
7837 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
7838 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7839 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
7840 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7841 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
7842 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
7843 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
7844 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
7845
7846       </div>
7847       <div class="tags">
7848
7849
7850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7851
7852
7853       </div>
7854     </div>
7855     <div class="padding"></div>
7856
7857     <div class="entry">
7858       <div class="title">
7859         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7860       </div>
7861       <div class="date">
7862         25th January 2012
7863       </div>
7864       <div class="body">
7865         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
7866 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
7867 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
7868 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
7869 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
7870
7871 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
7872 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
7873 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
7874 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
7875 this is done, log on to the central server and run
7876 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
7877 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
7878 will look similar to this:</p>
7879
7880 <p><blockquote><pre>
7881 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
7882 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
7883 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
7884
7885 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
7886
7887 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
7888 enter password: *******
7889 %
7890 </pre></blockquote></p>
7891
7892 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
7893 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
7894 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
7895 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
7896 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
7897 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
7898 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
7899 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
7900 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
7901 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
7902 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
7903 automatically.</p>
7904
7905 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
7906 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
7907
7908 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
7909 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
7910 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
7911
7912       </div>
7913       <div class="tags">
7914
7915
7916         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
7917
7918
7919       </div>
7920     </div>
7921     <div class="padding"></div>
7922
7923     <div class="entry">
7924       <div class="title">
7925         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
7926       </div>
7927       <div class="date">
7928         18th January 2012
7929       </div>
7930       <div class="body">
7931         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7932 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
7933 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
7934 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
7935 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7936 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7937
7938 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7939
7940 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7941 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7942 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7943 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7944 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7945 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7946 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7947 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7948 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7949 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7950
7951 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7952
7953 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7954 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7955 dette ble levert.</p>
7956
7957 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7958
7959 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7960 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7961 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7962 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7963 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7964
7965 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7966 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7967 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7968 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7969 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7970 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7971 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7972
7973 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7974 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7975 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7976 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7977 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7978 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7979 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7980
7981 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7982 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7983 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7984 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7985 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7986 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7987 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7988 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7989 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7990 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7991 nå.</p>
7992
7993 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7994 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7995 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7996 oss.</p>
7997
7998 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7999 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8000 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8001 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8002
8003 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8004
8005 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8006 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8007 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8008 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8009 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8010 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8011
8012 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8013 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8014 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8015 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8016 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8017 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8018 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8019 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8020
8021 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8022 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8023
8024 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8025
8026 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8027 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8028 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8029 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8030 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8031
8032 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8033 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8034
8035 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8036 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8037 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8038 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8039 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8040 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8041 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8042 hjemme.</p>
8043
8044       </div>
8045       <div class="tags">
8046
8047
8048         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8049
8050
8051       </div>
8052     </div>
8053     <div class="padding"></div>
8054
8055     <div class="entry">
8056       <div class="title">
8057         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8058       </div>
8059       <div class="date">
8060         10th January 2012
8061       </div>
8062       <div class="body">
8063         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8064 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8065 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8066 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8067 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8068 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8069 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8070 first time.</p>
8071
8072 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8073 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8074 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8075 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8076
8077 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8078 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8079 new setting.</p>
8080
8081 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8082 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8083 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8084
8085       </div>
8086       <div class="tags">
8087
8088
8089         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8090
8091
8092       </div>
8093     </div>
8094     <div class="padding"></div>
8095
8096     <div class="entry">
8097       <div class="title">
8098         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8099       </div>
8100       <div class="date">
8101          7th January 2012
8102       </div>
8103       <div class="body">
8104         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8105 the second beta version of
8106 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8107 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8108 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8109 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8110 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8111 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8112 on the project announcement list.</p>
8113
8114       </div>
8115       <div class="tags">
8116
8117
8118         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8119
8120
8121       </div>
8122     </div>
8123     <div class="padding"></div>
8124
8125     <div class="entry">
8126       <div class="title">
8127         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8128       </div>
8129       <div class="date">
8130          3rd January 2012
8131       </div>
8132       <div class="body">
8133         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8134 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8135 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8136 interesting.</p>
8137
8138 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8139 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8140 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8141 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8142 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8143 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8144 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8145
8146 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8147 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8148 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8149 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8150 because I was typing.</P>
8151
8152 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8153 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8154 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8155 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8156 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8157 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8158 generate entropy.</p>
8159
8160 <p>The fix is in
8161 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8162 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8163 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8164 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8165
8166       </div>
8167       <div class="tags">
8168
8169
8170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8171
8172
8173       </div>
8174     </div>
8175     <div class="padding"></div>
8176
8177     <div class="entry">
8178       <div class="title">
8179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8180       </div>
8181       <div class="date">
8182         11th December 2011
8183       </div>
8184       <div class="body">
8185         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8186 intervjuer av
8187 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8188
8189 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8190 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8191 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8192
8193 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8194
8195 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8196 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8197 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8198 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8199 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8200
8201 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8202
8203 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8204 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8205 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8206 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8207 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8208
8209 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8210
8211 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8212 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8213 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8214 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8215 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8216 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8217 og foreldre.</p>
8218
8219 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8220
8221 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8222 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8223 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8224 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8225
8226 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8227
8228 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8229 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8230 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8231 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8232 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8233 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8234 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8235 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8236 på
8237 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8238
8239 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8240 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8241 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8242 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8243
8244 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8245 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8246
8247 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8248 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8249
8250 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8251 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8252 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8253 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8254 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8255 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8256 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8257 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8258 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8259 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8260 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8261 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8262 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8263 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8264
8265       </div>
8266       <div class="tags">
8267
8268
8269         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8270
8271
8272       </div>
8273     </div>
8274     <div class="padding"></div>
8275
8276     <div class="entry">
8277       <div class="title">
8278         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8279       </div>
8280       <div class="date">
8281         27th July 2011
8282       </div>
8283       <div class="body">
8284         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8285 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8286 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8287 fra starten av
8288 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8289
8290 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8291
8292 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8293 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8294 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8295 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8296 helhet.</p>
8297
8298 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8299
8300 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8301 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8302 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8303
8304 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8305
8306 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8307 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8308 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8309 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8310 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8311 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8312
8313 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8314
8315 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8316 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8317 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8318 utfordringer.</p>
8319
8320 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8321 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8322 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8323 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8324 løsningen.</p>
8325
8326 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8327 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8328 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8329 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8330 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8331 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8332 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8333
8334 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8335 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8336 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8337 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8338 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8339 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8340 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8341
8342 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8343 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8344 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8345 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8346 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8347 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8348 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8349 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8350 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8351 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8352 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8353 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8354 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8355 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8356 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8357 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8358
8359 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8360
8361 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8362 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8363 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8364 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8365 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8366 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8367 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8368 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8369
8370 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8371 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8372
8373 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8374
8375 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8376 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8377 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8378 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8379 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8380 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8381
8382 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8383 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8384 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8385
8386 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8387 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8388 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8389 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8390 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8391 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8392 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8393 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8394 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8395 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8396 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8397 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8398 sidelinjen.</p>
8399
8400       </div>
8401       <div class="tags">
8402
8403
8404         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8405
8406
8407       </div>
8408     </div>
8409     <div class="padding"></div>
8410
8411     <div class="entry">
8412       <div class="title">
8413         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8414       </div>
8415       <div class="date">
8416         10th April 2011
8417       </div>
8418       <div class="body">
8419         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8420 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8421 bidragsyter i
8422 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8423
8424 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8425
8426 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8427 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8428 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8429 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8430
8431 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8432
8433 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8434 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8435 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8436 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8437 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8438 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8439 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8440 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8441
8442 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8443
8444 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8445 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8446 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8447 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8448
8449 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8450
8451 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8452 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8453 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8454 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8455 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8456
8457 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8458
8459 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8460 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8461 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8462 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8463 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8464 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8465 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8466
8467 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8468 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8469
8470 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8471 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8472 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8473 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8474 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8475 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8476 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8477 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8478 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8479 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8480 av.</p>
8481
8482       </div>
8483       <div class="tags">
8484
8485
8486         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8487
8488
8489       </div>
8490     </div>
8491     <div class="padding"></div>
8492
8493     <div class="entry">
8494       <div class="title">
8495         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8496       </div>
8497       <div class="date">
8498         28th March 2011
8499       </div>
8500       <div class="body">
8501         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8502 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8503 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8504 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8505 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8506 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8507 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8508
8509 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8510
8511 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8512 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8513 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8514
8515 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8516
8517 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8518 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8519 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8520 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8521 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8522 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8523 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8524 klientsiden.</p>
8525
8526 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8527 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8528 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8529 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8530 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8531 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8532
8533 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8534 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8535
8536 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8537 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8538 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8539 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8540 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8541 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8542 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8543 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8544 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8545
8546 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8547 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8548 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8549 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8550 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8551 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8552 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8553 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8554
8555 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8556
8557 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8558 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8559 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8560 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8561 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8562 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8563 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8564 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8565 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8566
8567 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8568 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8569 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8570 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8571 det!</p>
8572
8573 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8574 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8575 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8576 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8577 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8578 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8579 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8580
8581 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8582 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8583 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8584 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8585 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8586 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8587
8588 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8589
8590 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8591 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8592 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8593 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
8594 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
8595
8596 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
8597 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
8598 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
8599
8600 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8601
8602 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
8603 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
8604 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
8605 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
8606 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
8607
8608 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
8609 osv.</p>
8610
8611 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
8612 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
8613 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
8614
8615 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8616 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8617
8618 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
8619 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
8620 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
8621 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
8622 skvettbillig.</p>
8623
8624 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
8625 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
8626 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
8627 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
8628 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
8629
8630 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
8631 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
8632 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
8633 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
8634 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
8635
8636 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
8637 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
8638 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
8639
8640       </div>
8641       <div class="tags">
8642
8643
8644         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8645
8646
8647       </div>
8648     </div>
8649     <div class="padding"></div>
8650
8651     <div class="entry">
8652       <div class="title">
8653         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
8654       </div>
8655       <div class="date">
8656         27th February 2011
8657       </div>
8658       <div class="body">
8659         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
8660 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8661 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
8662 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
8663
8664 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8665
8666 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
8667 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
8668 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
8669 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
8670
8671 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
8672 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
8673 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
8674 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
8675
8676 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
8677 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
8678
8679 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8680
8681 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
8682 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
8683 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
8684 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
8685 etc.</p>
8686
8687 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8688
8689 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
8690 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
8691 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
8692 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
8693 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
8694 Skolelinux.</p>
8695
8696 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8697
8698 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
8699 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
8700 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
8701 Linux.</p>
8702
8703 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
8704 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
8705 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
8706 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
8707
8708 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8709
8710 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
8711 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
8712 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
8713 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
8714
8715 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
8716 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
8717
8718 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8719 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8720
8721 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
8722 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
8723 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
8724
8725       </div>
8726       <div class="tags">
8727
8728
8729         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8730
8731
8732       </div>
8733     </div>
8734     <div class="padding"></div>
8735
8736     <div class="entry">
8737       <div class="title">
8738         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
8739       </div>
8740       <div class="date">
8741         16th February 2011
8742       </div>
8743       <div class="body">
8744         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8745 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
8746 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
8747 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
8748
8749 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8750
8751 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
8752 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
8753 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
8754 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
8755 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
8756 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
8757 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
8758 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
8759 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
8760 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
8761
8762 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8763
8764 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
8765 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
8766 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
8767 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
8768
8769 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8770
8771 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
8772 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
8773 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
8774 på.</p>
8775
8776 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
8777 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
8778 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
8779 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
8780 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
8781 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
8782 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
8783 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
8784 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
8785 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
8786
8787 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
8788 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
8789 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
8790 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
8791 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
8792 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
8793 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
8794 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
8795
8796 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8797
8798 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
8799
8800 <ul>
8801 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
8802 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
8803   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
8804   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
8805 </ul>
8806
8807 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
8808 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
8809 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
8810 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
8811 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
8812 måte.</p>
8813
8814 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8815
8816 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
8817 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
8818 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
8819 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
8820
8821 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8822 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8823
8824 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
8825 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
8826 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
8827 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
8828
8829       </div>
8830       <div class="tags">
8831
8832
8833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8834
8835
8836       </div>
8837     </div>
8838     <div class="padding"></div>
8839
8840     <div class="entry">
8841       <div class="title">
8842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
8843       </div>
8844       <div class="date">
8845         23rd January 2011
8846       </div>
8847       <div class="body">
8848         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
8849 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8850 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
8851 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
8852
8853 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8854
8855 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
8856 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
8857 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
8858 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
8859 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
8860 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
8861 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
8862 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
8863
8864 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8865
8866 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
8867 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
8868
8869 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
8870 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
8871 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
8872 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
8873
8874 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8875
8876 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
8877 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
8878 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
8879
8880 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8881
8882 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
8883 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
8884 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
8885 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
8886 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
8887 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
8888 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
8889 og det er synd.</p>
8890
8891 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8892
8893 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
8894 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
8895 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
8896 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
8897 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
8898 av maskinvaren.</p>
8899
8900 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8901 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8902
8903 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
8904 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
8905 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
8906 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
8907 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
8908
8909       </div>
8910       <div class="tags">
8911
8912
8913         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8914
8915
8916       </div>
8917     </div>
8918     <div class="padding"></div>
8919
8920     <div class="entry">
8921       <div class="title">
8922         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
8923       </div>
8924       <div class="date">
8925         19th January 2011
8926       </div>
8927       <div class="body">
8928         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
8929 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
8930 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
8931 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
8932 Florø.</p>
8933
8934 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8935
8936 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8937 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8938 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8939 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8940 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8941 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8942
8943 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8944
8945 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8946 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8947 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8948 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8949
8950 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8951 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8952 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8953 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8954 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8955 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8956 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8957 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8958 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8959 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8960 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8961 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8962 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8963 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8964 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8965
8966 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8967 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8968 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8969
8970 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8971
8972 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8973
8974 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8975 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8976 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8977 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8978 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8979 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8980
8981 <ul>
8982
8983 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8984 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8985 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8986 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8987
8988 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8989 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8990 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8991 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8992 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8993 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8994
8995 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8996 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8997 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8998 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8999
9000 </ul>
9001
9002 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9003 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9004 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9005 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9006 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9007
9008 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9009
9010 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9011 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9012 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9013 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9014 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9015
9016 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9017
9018 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9019 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9020 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9021 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9022 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9023
9024 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9025 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9026
9027 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9028 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9029 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9030 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9031 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9032 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9033 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9034
9035 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9036 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9037 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9038 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9039 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9040 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9041 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9042 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9043 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9044 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9045 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9046 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9047 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9048 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9049 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9050 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9051 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9052
9053       </div>
9054       <div class="tags">
9055
9056
9057         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9058
9059
9060       </div>
9061     </div>
9062     <div class="padding"></div>
9063
9064     <div class="entry">
9065       <div class="title">
9066         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9067       </div>
9068       <div class="date">
9069         16th January 2011
9070       </div>
9071       <div class="body">
9072         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9073 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9074 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9075 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9076
9077 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9078
9079 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9080 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9081 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9082 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9083 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9084 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9085 på skolen.</p>
9086
9087 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9088
9089 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9090 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9091 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9092 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9093 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9094 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9095
9096 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9097
9098 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9099 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9100 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9101 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9102 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9103 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9104 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9105 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9106 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9107 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9108 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9109 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9110
9111 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9112
9113 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9114 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9115 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9116 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9117 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9118 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9119 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9120 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9121 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9122 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9123 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9124 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9125
9126 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9127
9128 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9129 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9130 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9131 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9132 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9133 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9134 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9135 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9136 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9137 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9138 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9139 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9140
9141 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9142 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9143
9144 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9145 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9146 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9147 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9148 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9149 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9150 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9151 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9152 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9153 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9154 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9155 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9156 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9157 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9158 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9159 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9160
9161 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9162 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9163
9164       </div>
9165       <div class="tags">
9166
9167
9168         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9169
9170
9171       </div>
9172     </div>
9173     <div class="padding"></div>
9174
9175     <div class="entry">
9176       <div class="title">
9177         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9178       </div>
9179       <div class="date">
9180         12th January 2011
9181       </div>
9182       <div class="body">
9183         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9184 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9185 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9186 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9187 Han er styremedlem i
9188 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9189 FRISK</a>.</p>
9190
9191 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9192
9193 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9194 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9195 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9196 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9197 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9198 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9199
9200 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9201
9202 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9203 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9204
9205 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9206 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9207 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9208 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9209
9210 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9211 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9212 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9213 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9214 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9215 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9216 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9217 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9218 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9219 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9220 Kubuntu.</p>
9221
9222 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9223
9224 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9225 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9226
9227 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9228
9229 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9230 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9231 plasser.</p>
9232
9233 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9234 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9235
9236 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9237 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9238 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9239 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9240
9241 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9242
9243 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9244 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9245 servere.</p>
9246
9247       </div>
9248       <div class="tags">
9249
9250
9251         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9252
9253
9254       </div>
9255     </div>
9256     <div class="padding"></div>
9257
9258     <div class="entry">
9259       <div class="title">
9260         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9261       </div>
9262       <div class="date">
9263          9th January 2011
9264       </div>
9265       <div class="body">
9266         <p>Inspirert av
9267 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9268 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9269 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9270 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9271 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9272 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9273 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9274 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9275
9276 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9277 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9278 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9279 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9280 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9281 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9282
9283 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9284
9285 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9286 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9287 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9288
9289 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9290 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9291 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9292 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9293 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9294 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9295 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9296 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9297 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9298
9299 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9300
9301 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9302 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9303 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9304 2003.</p>
9305
9306 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9307 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9308 det selv.</p>
9309
9310 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9311 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9312 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9313 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9314 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9315 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9316 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9317
9318 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9319
9320 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9321 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9322 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9323 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9324 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9325
9326 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9327
9328 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9329 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9330
9331 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9332
9333 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9334 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9335 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9336 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9337
9338 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9339 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9340
9341 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9342
9343 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9344 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9345 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9346 å bli hektet :)</p>
9347
9348       </div>
9349       <div class="tags">
9350
9351
9352         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9353
9354
9355       </div>
9356     </div>
9357     <div class="padding"></div>
9358
9359     <div class="entry">
9360       <div class="title">
9361         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9362       </div>
9363       <div class="date">
9364          4th January 2011
9365       </div>
9366       <div class="body">
9367         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9368 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9369 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9370 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9371 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9372 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9373
9374 <blockquote>
9375 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9376 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9377
9378 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9379 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9380 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9381 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9382
9383 <ul>
9384
9385 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9386 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9387 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9388 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9389 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9390 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9391 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9392 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9393 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9394 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9395 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9396 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9397 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9398 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9399
9400 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9401 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9402 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9403 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9404
9405 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9406 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9407 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9408
9409 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9410 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9411 om.</li>
9412
9413 </ul>
9414
9415 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9416 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9417 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9418 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9419 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9420 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9421 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9422
9423 <ul>
9424
9425 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9426 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9427 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9428
9429 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9430 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9431 dette.</li>
9432
9433 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9434 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9435 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9436 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9437
9438 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9439 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9440 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9441 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9442
9443 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9444
9445 </ul>
9446
9447 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9448 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9449 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9450 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9451 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9452 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9453
9454 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9455 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9456 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9457 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9458 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9459 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9460 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9461 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9462 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9463 tilsidesette. </p>
9464
9465 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9466 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9467 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9468
9469 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9470 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9471 her. </p>
9472
9473 <ul>
9474
9475 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9476 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9477 mulig.</li>
9478
9479 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9480 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9481 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9482 skolene.</li>
9483
9484 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9485 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9486 perioder.</li>
9487
9488 </ul>
9489
9490 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9491 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9492 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9493 rutine her nå. </p>
9494
9495 <ul>
9496
9497 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9498 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9499 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9500 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9501 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9502 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9503 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9504 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9505
9506 </ul>
9507
9508 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9509
9510 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9511 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9512 </blockquote>
9513
9514 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9515
9516 <blockquote>
9517 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9518 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9519
9520 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9521 historien videre?</p>
9522
9523 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9524 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9525 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9526 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9527 </blockquote>
9528
9529 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9530
9531 <blockquote>
9532 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9533 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9534
9535 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9536 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9537 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9538 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9539 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9540 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9541 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9542 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9543
9544 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9545 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9546 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9547
9548 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9549 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9550 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9551 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9552 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9553 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9554 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9555 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9556 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9557 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9558
9559 <ul>
9560
9561 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9562 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9563 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9564 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9565 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9566 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9567 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9568 bare en bonus. </li>
9569
9570 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9571 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9572 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9573 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9574 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9575 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9576 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9577 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9578 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9579 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9580 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9581 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9582 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9583 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9584 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9585 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9586 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9587 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9588 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9589 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9590 beste læremester. </li>
9591
9592 </ul>
9593
9594 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
9595 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
9596 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
9597 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
9598 ettertid.</p>
9599
9600 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
9601 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
9602 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
9603 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
9604 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
9605 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
9606 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
9607 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
9608 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
9609 jeg da lære?"</p>
9610
9611 </blockquote>
9612
9613 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
9614 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
9615 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
9616
9617       </div>
9618       <div class="tags">
9619
9620
9621         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9622
9623
9624       </div>
9625     </div>
9626     <div class="padding"></div>
9627
9628     <div class="entry">
9629       <div class="title">
9630         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
9631       </div>
9632       <div class="date">
9633         22nd December 2010
9634       </div>
9635       <div class="body">
9636         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
9637 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
9638 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
9639 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
9640 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
9641 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
9642 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
9643 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
9644 university.</p>
9645
9646 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
9647 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
9648 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
9649 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
9650 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
9651 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
9652 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
9653 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
9654
9655 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
9656 I perform on a new model.</p>
9657
9658 <ul>
9659
9660 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
9661 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
9662 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
9663
9664 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
9665 installation, X.org is working.</li>
9666
9667 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
9668 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
9669 reported by the program.</li>
9670
9671 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
9672 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
9673 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
9674 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
9675 normally test this by playing
9676 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
9677 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
9678
9679 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
9680 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9681
9682 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
9683 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9684
9685 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
9686 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
9687
9688 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
9689 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
9690 few.</li>
9691
9692 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
9693 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
9694 notice this.</li>
9695
9696 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
9697 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
9698 resume.</li>
9699
9700 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
9701 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
9702 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
9703 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
9704 not.</li>
9705
9706 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
9707 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
9708 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
9709 existence.</li>
9710
9711 </ul>
9712
9713 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
9714 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
9715 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
9716 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
9717 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
9718 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
9719 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
9720 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
9721
9722       </div>
9723       <div class="tags">
9724
9725
9726         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9727
9728
9729       </div>
9730     </div>
9731     <div class="padding"></div>
9732
9733     <div class="entry">
9734       <div class="title">
9735         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
9736       </div>
9737       <div class="date">
9738         29th November 2010
9739       </div>
9740       <div class="body">
9741         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
9742 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
9743 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
9744 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
9745 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
9746 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
9747
9748 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
9749 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
9750 will hold its
9751 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
9752 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
9753 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
9754 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
9755 vote this year.</p>
9756
9757       </div>
9758       <div class="tags">
9759
9760
9761         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9762
9763
9764       </div>
9765     </div>
9766     <div class="padding"></div>
9767
9768     <div class="entry">
9769       <div class="title">
9770         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
9771       </div>
9772       <div class="date">
9773         27th November 2010
9774       </div>
9775       <div class="body">
9776         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
9777 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
9778 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
9779 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
9780 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
9781 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
9782 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
9783 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
9784
9785 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
9786 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9787 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
9788 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
9789 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
9790 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
9791 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
9792 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
9793 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
9794 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
9795 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
9796
9797 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
9798 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
9799 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
9800 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
9801 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
9802 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
9803 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
9804 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
9805 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
9806 what is going on.</p>
9807
9808       </div>
9809       <div class="tags">
9810
9811
9812         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9813
9814
9815       </div>
9816     </div>
9817     <div class="padding"></div>
9818
9819     <div class="entry">
9820       <div class="title">
9821         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
9822       </div>
9823       <div class="date">
9824         22nd November 2010
9825       </div>
9826       <div class="body">
9827         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
9828 upgrade testing of the
9829 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9830 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
9831 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
9832 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
9833
9834 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9835
9836 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9837
9838 <blockquote><p>
9839   apache2.2-bin
9840   aptdaemon
9841   baobab
9842   binfmt-support
9843   browser-plugin-gnash
9844   cheese-common
9845   cli-common
9846   cups-pk-helper
9847   dmz-cursor-theme
9848   empathy
9849   empathy-common
9850   freedesktop-sound-theme
9851   freeglut3
9852   gconf-defaults-service
9853   gdm-themes
9854   gedit-plugins
9855   geoclue
9856   geoclue-hostip
9857   geoclue-localnet
9858   geoclue-manual
9859   geoclue-yahoo
9860   gnash
9861   gnash-common
9862   gnome
9863   gnome-backgrounds
9864   gnome-cards-data
9865   gnome-codec-install
9866   gnome-core
9867   gnome-desktop-environment
9868   gnome-disk-utility
9869   gnome-screenshot
9870   gnome-search-tool
9871   gnome-session-canberra
9872   gnome-system-log
9873   gnome-themes-extras
9874   gnome-themes-more
9875   gnome-user-share
9876   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9877   gstreamer0.10-tools
9878   gtk2-engines
9879   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9880   gtk2-engines-smooth
9881   hamster-applet
9882   libapache2-mod-dnssd
9883   libapr1
9884   libaprutil1
9885   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
9886   libaprutil1-ldap
9887   libart2.0-cil
9888   libboost-date-time1.42.0
9889   libboost-python1.42.0
9890   libboost-thread1.42.0
9891   libchamplain-0.4-0
9892   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
9893   libcheese-gtk18
9894   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9895   libcryptui0
9896   libdiscid0
9897   libelf1
9898   libepc-1.0-2
9899   libepc-common
9900   libepc-ui-1.0-2
9901   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9902   libfreerdp0
9903   libgconf2.0-cil
9904   libgdata-common
9905   libgdata7
9906   libgdu-gtk0
9907   libgee2
9908   libgeoclue0
9909   libgexiv2-0
9910   libgif4
9911   libglade2.0-cil
9912   libglib2.0-cil
9913   libgmime2.4-cil
9914   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9915   libgnome2.24-cil
9916   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
9917   libgpod-common
9918   libgpod4
9919   libgtk2.0-cil
9920   libgtkglext1
9921   libgtksourceview2.0-common
9922   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9923   libmono-addins0.2-cil
9924   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
9925   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9926   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
9927   libmono-posix2.0-cil
9928   libmono-security2.0-cil
9929   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9930   libmono-system2.0-cil
9931   libmtp8
9932   libmusicbrainz3-6
9933   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
9934   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
9935   libopal3.6.8
9936   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9937   libpt2.6.7
9938   libpython2.6
9939   librpm1
9940   librpmio1
9941   libsdl1.2debian
9942   libsrtp0
9943   libssh-4
9944   libtelepathy-farsight0
9945   libtelepathy-glib0
9946   libtidy-0.99-0
9947   media-player-info
9948   mesa-utils
9949   mono-2.0-gac
9950   mono-gac
9951   mono-runtime
9952   nautilus-sendto
9953   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9954   p7zip-full
9955   pkg-config
9956   python-aptdaemon
9957   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9958   python-axiom
9959   python-beautifulsoup
9960   python-bugbuddy
9961   python-clientform
9962   python-coherence
9963   python-configobj
9964   python-crypto
9965   python-cupshelpers
9966   python-elementtree
9967   python-epsilon
9968   python-evolution
9969   python-feedparser
9970   python-gdata
9971   python-gdbm
9972   python-gst0.10
9973   python-gtkglext1
9974   python-gtksourceview2
9975   python-httplib2
9976   python-louie
9977   python-mako
9978   python-markupsafe
9979   python-mechanize
9980   python-nevow
9981   python-notify
9982   python-opengl
9983   python-openssl
9984   python-pam
9985   python-pkg-resources
9986   python-pyasn1
9987   python-pysqlite2
9988   python-rdflib
9989   python-serial
9990   python-tagpy
9991   python-twisted-bin
9992   python-twisted-conch
9993   python-twisted-core
9994   python-twisted-web
9995   python-utidylib
9996   python-webkit
9997   python-xdg
9998   python-zope.interface
9999   remmina
10000   remmina-plugin-data
10001   remmina-plugin-rdp
10002   remmina-plugin-vnc
10003   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10004   rhythmbox-plugins
10005   rpm-common
10006   rpm2cpio
10007   seahorse-plugins
10008   shotwell
10009   software-center
10010   system-config-printer-udev
10011   telepathy-gabble
10012   telepathy-mission-control-5
10013   telepathy-salut
10014   tomboy
10015   totem
10016   totem-coherence
10017   totem-mozilla
10018   totem-plugins
10019   transmission-common
10020   xdg-user-dirs
10021   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10022   xserver-xephyr
10023 </p></blockquote>
10024
10025 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10026
10027 <blockquote><p>
10028   cheese
10029   ekiga
10030   eog
10031   epiphany-extensions
10032   evolution-exchange
10033   fast-user-switch-applet
10034   file-roller
10035   gcalctool
10036   gconf-editor
10037   gdm
10038   gedit
10039   gedit-common
10040   gnome-games
10041   gnome-games-data
10042   gnome-nettool
10043   gnome-system-tools
10044   gnome-themes
10045   gnuchess
10046   gucharmap
10047   guile-1.8-libs
10048   libavahi-ui0
10049   libdmx1
10050   libgalago3
10051   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10052   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10053   liblircclient0
10054   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10055   libspeexdsp1
10056   libsvga1
10057   rhythmbox
10058   seahorse
10059   sound-juicer
10060   system-config-printer
10061   totem-common
10062   transmission-gtk
10063   vinagre
10064   vino
10065 </p></blockquote>
10066
10067 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10068
10069 <blockquote><p>
10070   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10071 </p></blockquote>
10072
10073 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10074
10075 <blockquote><p>
10076 [nothing]
10077 </p></blockquote>
10078
10079 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10080
10081 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10082
10083 <blockquote><p>
10084   ksmserver
10085 </p></blockquote>
10086
10087 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10088
10089 <blockquote><p>
10090   kwin
10091   network-manager-kde
10092 </p></blockquote>
10093
10094 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10095
10096 <blockquote><p>
10097   arts
10098   dolphin
10099   freespacenotifier
10100   google-gadgets-gst
10101   google-gadgets-xul
10102   kappfinder
10103   kcalc
10104   kcharselect
10105   kde-core
10106   kde-plasma-desktop
10107   kde-standard
10108   kde-window-manager
10109   kdeartwork
10110   kdeartwork-emoticons
10111   kdeartwork-style
10112   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10113   kdebase
10114   kdebase-apps
10115   kdebase-workspace
10116   kdebase-workspace-bin
10117   kdebase-workspace-data
10118   kdeeject
10119   kdelibs
10120   kdeplasma-addons
10121   kdeutils
10122   kdewallpapers
10123   kdf
10124   kfloppy
10125   kgpg
10126   khelpcenter4
10127   kinfocenter
10128   konq-plugins-l10n
10129   konqueror-nsplugins
10130   kscreensaver
10131   kscreensaver-xsavers
10132   ktimer
10133   kwrite
10134   libgle3
10135   libkde4-ruby1.8
10136   libkonq5
10137   libkonq5-templates
10138   libnetpbm10
10139   libplasma-ruby
10140   libplasma-ruby1.8
10141   libqt4-ruby1.8
10142   marble-data
10143   marble-plugins
10144   netpbm
10145   nuvola-icon-theme
10146   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10147   plasma-desktop
10148   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10149   plasma-runners-addons
10150   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10151   plasma-scriptengine-python
10152   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10153   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10154   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10155   plasma-scriptengines
10156   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10157   plasma-widget-folderview
10158   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10159   ruby
10160   sweeper
10161   update-notifier-kde
10162   xscreensaver-data-extra
10163   xscreensaver-gl
10164   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10165   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10166 </p></blockquote>
10167
10168 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10169
10170 <blockquote><p>
10171   ark
10172   google-gadgets-common
10173   google-gadgets-qt
10174   htdig
10175   kate
10176   kdebase-bin
10177   kdebase-data
10178   kdepasswd
10179   kfind
10180   klipper
10181   konq-plugins
10182   konqueror
10183   ksysguard
10184   ksysguardd
10185   libarchive1
10186   libcln6
10187   libeet1
10188   libeina-svn-06
10189   libggadget-1.0-0b
10190   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10191   libgps19
10192   libkdecorations4
10193   libkephal4
10194   libkonq4
10195   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10196   libkscreensaver5
10197   libksgrd4
10198   libksignalplotter4
10199   libkunitconversion4
10200   libkwineffects1a
10201   libmarblewidget4
10202   libntrack-qt4-1
10203   libntrack0
10204   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10205   libplasmaclock4a
10206   libplasmagenericshell4
10207   libprocesscore4a
10208   libprocessui4a
10209   libqalculate5
10210   libqedje0a
10211   libqtruby4shared2
10212   libqzion0a
10213   libruby1.8
10214   libscim8c2a
10215   libsmokekdecore4-3
10216   libsmokekdeui4-3
10217   libsmokekfile3
10218   libsmokekhtml3
10219   libsmokekio3
10220   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10221   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10222   libsmokekparts3
10223   libsmokektexteditor3
10224   libsmokekutils3
10225   libsmokenepomuk3
10226   libsmokephonon3
10227   libsmokeplasma3
10228   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10229   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10230   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10231   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10232   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10233   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10234   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10235   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10236   libsmokeqttest4-3
10237   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10238   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10239   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10240   libsmokesolid3
10241   libsmokesoprano3
10242   libtaskmanager4a
10243   libtidy-0.99-0
10244   libweather-ion4a
10245   libxklavier16
10246   libxxf86misc1
10247   okteta
10248   oxygencursors
10249   plasma-dataengines-addons
10250   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10251   plasma-widget-lancelot
10252   plasma-widgets-addons
10253   plasma-widgets-workspace
10254   polkit-kde-1
10255   ruby1.8
10256   systemsettings
10257   update-notifier-common
10258 </p></blockquote>
10259
10260 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10261 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10262 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10263 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10264
10265       </div>
10266       <div class="tags">
10267
10268
10269         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10270
10271
10272       </div>
10273     </div>
10274     <div class="padding"></div>
10275
10276     <div class="entry">
10277       <div class="title">
10278         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10279       </div>
10280       <div class="date">
10281         22nd November 2010
10282       </div>
10283       <div class="body">
10284         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10285 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10286 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10287 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10288 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10289 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10290 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10291 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10292 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10293
10294 <p>I found
10295 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10296 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10297 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10298 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10299 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10300 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10301
10302 <pre>
10303 #!/bin/sh
10304
10305 # Based on
10306 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10307
10308 set -e
10309 set -x
10310
10311 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10312     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10313     exit 1
10314 else
10315     host="$1"
10316 fi
10317
10318 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10319     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10320     exit 1
10321 fi
10322
10323 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10324 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10325 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10326 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10327
10328 img=$host.img
10329 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10330 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10331
10332 parted $img mklabel msdos
10333 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10334 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10335 parted $img set 1 boot on
10336
10337 modprobe dm-mod
10338 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10339 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10340
10341 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10342 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10343 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10344
10345 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10346 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10347 </pre>
10348
10349 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10350 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10351
10352 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10353 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10354 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10355 seem to work just fine.</p>
10356
10357       </div>
10358       <div class="tags">
10359
10360
10361         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10362
10363
10364       </div>
10365     </div>
10366     <div class="padding"></div>
10367
10368     <div class="entry">
10369       <div class="title">
10370         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10371       </div>
10372       <div class="date">
10373         20th November 2010
10374       </div>
10375       <div class="body">
10376         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10377 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10378 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10379 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10380
10381 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10382 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10383 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10384
10385 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10386
10387 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10388
10389 <blockquote><p>
10390   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10391   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10392   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10393   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10394   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10395   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10396   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10397   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10398   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10399   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10400   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10401   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10402   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10403   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10404   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10405   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10406   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10407   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10408   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10409   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10410   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10411   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10412   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10413   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10414   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10415   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10416   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10417   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10418   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10419   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10420   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10421   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10422   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10423   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10424   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10425   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10426   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10427   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10428   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10429   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10430   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10431   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10432   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10433   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10434   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10435   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10436   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10437   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10438   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10439   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10440   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10441   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10442   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10443   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10444   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10445   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10446   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10447   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10448   zip
10449 </p></blockquote>
10450
10451 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10452
10453 <blockquote><p>
10454   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10455   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10456   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10457   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10458   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10459   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10460   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10461   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10462   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10463   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10464   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10465   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10466   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10467   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10468   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10469   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10470   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10471   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10472   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10473   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10474   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10475   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10476   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10477   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10478   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10479   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10480   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10481   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10482   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10483 </p></blockquote>
10484
10485 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10486
10487 <blockquote><p>
10488   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10489 </p></blockquote>
10490
10491 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10492
10493 <blockquote><p>
10494 [nothing]
10495 </p></blockquote>
10496
10497 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10498
10499 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10500
10501 <blockquote><p>
10502   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10503   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10504   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10505   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10506   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10507   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10508   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10509   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10510   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10511   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10512   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10513   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10514   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10515   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10516   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10517   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10518   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10519   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10520   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10521   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10522   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10523   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10524   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10525   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10526   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10527   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10528   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10529   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10530   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10531   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10532 </p></blockquote>
10533
10534 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10535
10536 <blockquote><p>
10537   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10538   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10539   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10540   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10541   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10542   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10543   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10544   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10545   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10546   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10547   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10548   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10549   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10550   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10551   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10552   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10553   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10554   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10555   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10556   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10557   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10558   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10559   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10560   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10561   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10562   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10563   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10564   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10565   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10566   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10567   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10568   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10569   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10570 </p></blockquote>
10571
10572 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10573
10574 <blockquote><p>
10575   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10576   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10577   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10578   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10579   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10580   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10581   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10582 </p></blockquote>
10583
10584 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10585
10586 <blockquote><p>
10587   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10588 </p></blockquote>
10589
10590       </div>
10591       <div class="tags">
10592
10593
10594         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10595
10596
10597       </div>
10598     </div>
10599     <div class="padding"></div>
10600
10601     <div class="entry">
10602       <div class="title">
10603         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
10604       </div>
10605       <div class="date">
10606         20th November 2010
10607       </div>
10608       <div class="body">
10609         <p>Answering
10610 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
10611 call from the Gnash project</a> for
10612 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
10613 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
10614 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
10615 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
10616 releases out more often.</p>
10617
10618 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
10619 I have considered setting up a <a
10620 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
10621 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
10622 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
10623 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
10624 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
10625 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
10626 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
10627 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
10628 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
10629 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
10630 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
10631 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
10632
10633       </div>
10634       <div class="tags">
10635
10636
10637         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10638
10639
10640       </div>
10641     </div>
10642     <div class="padding"></div>
10643
10644     <div class="entry">
10645       <div class="title">
10646         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
10647       </div>
10648       <div class="date">
10649          7th November 2010
10650       </div>
10651       <div class="body">
10652         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
10653 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
10654 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
10655 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
10656 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
10657 working using this DVD.</p>
10658
10659 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
10660 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
10661 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
10662 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
10663 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
10664 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
10665 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
10666
10667 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
10668 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
10669 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
10670 Debian archive.</p>
10671
10672 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
10673 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
10674 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
10675 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
10676 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
10677 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
10678 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
10679 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
10680 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
10681 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
10682 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
10683 free X driver should work.</p>
10684
10685 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
10686 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
10687 DVD more useful again.</p>
10688
10689       </div>
10690       <div class="tags">
10691
10692
10693         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10694
10695
10696       </div>
10697     </div>
10698     <div class="padding"></div>
10699
10700     <div class="entry">
10701       <div class="title">
10702         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
10703       </div>
10704       <div class="date">
10705         24th October 2010
10706       </div>
10707       <div class="body">
10708         <p>Some updates.</p>
10709
10710 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
10711 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
10712 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
10713 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
10714 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
10715 :)</p>
10716
10717 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
10718 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
10719 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
10720 It is called
10721 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
10722 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
10723 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
10724 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
10725 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
10726 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
10727
10728 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
10729 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
10730 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
10731 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
10732 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
10733 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
10734 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
10735 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
10736 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
10737 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
10738
10739       </div>
10740       <div class="tags">
10741
10742
10743         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
10744
10745
10746       </div>
10747     </div>
10748     <div class="padding"></div>
10749
10750     <div class="entry">
10751       <div class="title">
10752         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
10753       </div>
10754       <div class="date">
10755          4th September 2010
10756       </div>
10757       <div class="body">
10758         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
10759 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
10760 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
10761 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
10762 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
10763 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
10764 installed.</p>
10765
10766 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
10767 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
10768 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
10769 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
10770 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10771 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
10772 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
10773 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
10774 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
10775
10776 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
10777 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
10778 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
10779 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
10780 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
10781 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
10782 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
10783 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
10784 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
10785 pages they want to visit.</p>
10786
10787 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
10788 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
10789 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
10790 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
10791 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
10792 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
10793 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
10794 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
10795 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
10796 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
10797 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
10798
10799       </div>
10800       <div class="tags">
10801
10802
10803         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10804
10805
10806       </div>
10807     </div>
10808     <div class="padding"></div>
10809
10810     <div class="entry">
10811       <div class="title">
10812         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
10813       </div>
10814       <div class="date">
10815         30th August 2010
10816       </div>
10817       <div class="body">
10818         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
10819 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
10820 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
10821 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
10822 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
10823 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
10824 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
10825
10826 <pre>
10827 % ln foo bar
10828 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
10829 %
10830 </pre>
10831
10832 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
10833 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
10834 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
10835 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
10836 nevertheless. :)</p>
10837
10838 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
10839 git from
10840 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
10841
10842       </div>
10843       <div class="tags">
10844
10845
10846         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10847
10848
10849       </div>
10850     </div>
10851     <div class="padding"></div>
10852
10853     <div class="entry">
10854       <div class="title">
10855         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
10856       </div>
10857       <div class="date">
10858         26th August 2010
10859       </div>
10860       <div class="body">
10861         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
10862 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
10863 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
10864 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
10865 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
10866 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
10867 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
10868 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
10869 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
10870 Løsningen leveres av
10871 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
10872 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
10873 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
10874 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
10875 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
10876 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
10877 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
10878 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
10879 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
10880
10881       </div>
10882       <div class="tags">
10883
10884
10885         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10886
10887
10888       </div>
10889     </div>
10890     <div class="padding"></div>
10891
10892     <div class="entry">
10893       <div class="title">
10894         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
10895       </div>
10896       <div class="date">
10897         26th August 2010
10898       </div>
10899       <div class="body">
10900         <p>My file system sematics program
10901 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
10902 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
10903 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
10904 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
10905 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
10906 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
10907 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
10908 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
10909 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
10910 script:</p>
10911
10912 <pre>
10913 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
10914   mode_t retval = 0;
10915   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
10916   if (-1 != fd) {
10917     unlink(name);
10918     struct stat statbuf;
10919     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
10920       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
10921     }
10922     close(fd);
10923   }
10924   return retval;
10925 }
10926
10927 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
10928 int test_umask(void) {
10929   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
10930
10931   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
10932   mode_t newmode;
10933   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10934     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
10935            newmode);
10936   }
10937   umask(007);
10938   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10939     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10940            newmode);
10941   }
10942
10943   umask (orig_umask);
10944   return 0;
10945 }
10946
10947 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10948   [...]
10949   test_umask();
10950   return 0;
10951 }
10952 </pre>
10953
10954 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10955
10956 <pre>
10957 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10958 info: testing symlink creation
10959 info: testing subdirectory creation
10960 info: testing fcntl locking
10961   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10962   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10963   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10964   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10965   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10966   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10967 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10968 </pre>
10969
10970 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10971 result:</p>
10972
10973 <pre>
10974 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10975 info: testing symlink creation
10976 info: testing subdirectory creation
10977 info: testing fcntl locking
10978   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10979   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10980   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10981   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10982   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10983   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10984 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10985   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10986   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10987 </pre>
10988
10989 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10990 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10991 directory.</p>
10992
10993 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10994 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10995
10996 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10997 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10998 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10999
11000       </div>
11001       <div class="tags">
11002
11003
11004         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11005
11006
11007       </div>
11008     </div>
11009     <div class="padding"></div>
11010
11011     <div class="entry">
11012       <div class="title">
11013         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11014       </div>
11015       <div class="date">
11016          9th August 2010
11017       </div>
11018       <div class="body">
11019         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11020 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11021 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11022 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11023 generated configuration.</p>
11024
11025 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11026 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11027 without any manual configuration.</p>
11028
11029 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11030 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11031 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11032 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11033 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11034 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11035 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11036 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11037 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11038 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11039 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11040 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11041 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11042 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11043 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11044 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11045 use.</p>
11046
11047 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11048 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11049 working properly out of the box:</p>
11050
11051 <ul>
11052 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11053 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11054 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11055 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11056 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11057 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11058 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11059 </ul>
11060
11061 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11062
11063 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11064 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11065 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11066 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11067 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11068
11069 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11070 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11071 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11072 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11073 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11074 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11075 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11076 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11077
11078 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11079 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11080 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11081 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11082 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11083 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11084 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11085 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11086 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11087 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11088 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11089 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11090 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11091 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11092 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11093 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11094
11095 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11096 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11097 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11098 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11099 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11100 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11101 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11102 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11103 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11104 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11105 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11106 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11107 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11108
11109 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11110 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11111 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11112 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11113 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11114 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11115 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11116 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11117 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11118 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11119 do for now. :)</p>
11120
11121 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11122 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11123 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11124 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11125 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11126 yet.</p>
11127
11128 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11129 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11130
11131 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11132 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11133 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11134 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11135
11136       </div>
11137       <div class="tags">
11138
11139
11140         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11141
11142
11143       </div>
11144     </div>
11145     <div class="padding"></div>
11146
11147     <div class="entry">
11148       <div class="title">
11149         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11150       </div>
11151       <div class="date">
11152          8th August 2010
11153       </div>
11154       <div class="body">
11155         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11156 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11157 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11158 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11159 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11160 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11161 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11162
11163 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11164 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11165 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11166 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11167 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11168 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11169 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11170
11171 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11172 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11173 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11174 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11175 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11176
11177 <pre>
11178 /*
11179  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11180  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11181  * directory.
11182  * License: GPL v2 or later
11183  *
11184  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11185  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11186 */
11187
11188 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11189 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11190 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11191
11192 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11193
11194 #include &lt;errno.h>
11195 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11196 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11197 #include &lt;string.h>
11198 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11199 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11200 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11201 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11202 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11203
11204 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11205 /*
11206  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11207  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11208  * below.
11209  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11210  */
11211 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11212 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11213   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11214 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11215   char *zErrMsg;
11216   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11217   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11218   unlink(name);
11219   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11220   if( rc ){
11221     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11222     sqlite3_close(db);
11223     return -1;
11224   }
11225
11226   /* create tables */
11227   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11228   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11229     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11230     sqlite3_close(db);
11231     return -1;
11232   }
11233   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11234   sqlite3_close(db);
11235   return 0;
11236 }
11237 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11238
11239 /*
11240  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11241  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11242  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11243  * See also
11244  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11245  * POSIX specification
11246  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11247  */
11248 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11249   struct flock fl;
11250   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11251   unlink(name);
11252   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11253   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11254
11255   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11256   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11257   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11258   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11259   fl.l_len    = 1;
11260   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11261   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11262
11263   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11264   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11265   fl.l_len    = 510;
11266   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11267   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11268
11269   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11270   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11271   fl.l_len    = 1;
11272   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11273   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11274
11275   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11276   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11277   fl.l_len    = 1;
11278   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11279   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11280
11281   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11282   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11283   fl.l_len    = 510;
11284   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11285
11286   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11287   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11288   fl.l_len    = 2;
11289   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11290   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11291
11292   close(fd);
11293   return 0;
11294 }
11295
11296 /*
11297  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11298  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11299  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11300  * slowing down file operations.
11301  */
11302 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11303 #define LEVELS 5
11304   char *path = strdup("test");
11305   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11306   int level;
11307   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11308   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11309     char *newpath = NULL;
11310     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11311       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11312              path, strerror(errno));
11313       break;
11314     }
11315     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11316     free(path);
11317     path = newpath;
11318   }
11319   return 0;
11320 }
11321
11322 /*
11323  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11324  * KDE.
11325  */
11326 int test_symlinks(void) {
11327   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11328   unlink("symlink");
11329   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11330     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11331   return 0;
11332 }
11333
11334 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11335   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11336   test_symlinks();
11337   test_subdirectory_creation();
11338 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11339   test_sqlite_open();
11340 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11341   test_gcompris_locking();
11342   return 0;
11343 }
11344 </pre>
11345
11346 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11347 this:</p>
11348
11349 <pre>
11350 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11351 info: testing symlink creation
11352 info: testing subdirectory creation
11353 info: sqlite worked
11354 info: testing fcntl locking
11355   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11356   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11357   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11358   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11359   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11360   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11361 </pre>
11362
11363 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11364 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11365 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11366 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11367 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11368 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11369 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11370 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11371
11372 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11373 it. :)</p>
11374
11375 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11376 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11377 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11378
11379       </div>
11380       <div class="tags">
11381
11382
11383         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11384
11385
11386       </div>
11387     </div>
11388     <div class="padding"></div>
11389
11390     <div class="entry">
11391       <div class="title">
11392         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11393       </div>
11394       <div class="date">
11395          7th August 2010
11396       </div>
11397       <div class="body">
11398         <p>A few days ago, I
11399 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11400 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11401 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11402 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11403 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11404 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11405 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11406 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11407 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11408
11409 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11410 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11411 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11412 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11413 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11414 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11415 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11416 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11417 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11418 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11419 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11420 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11421 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11422 gave it a IP address.</p>
11423
11424 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11425 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11426 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11427 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11428 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11429 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11430 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11431 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11432
11433 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11434 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11435 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11436 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11437 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11438 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11439
11440 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11441 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11442 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11443 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11444 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11445 with UID and GID values.</p>
11446
11447 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11448 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11449
11450       </div>
11451       <div class="tags">
11452
11453
11454         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11455
11456
11457       </div>
11458     </div>
11459     <div class="padding"></div>
11460
11461     <div class="entry">
11462       <div class="title">
11463         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11464       </div>
11465       <div class="date">
11466          3rd August 2010
11467       </div>
11468       <div class="body">
11469         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11470 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11471 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11472 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11473 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11474 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11475 servers.</p>
11476
11477 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11478 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11479 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11480 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11481 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11482 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11483 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11484 .uio.no.</p>
11485
11486 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11487 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11488 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11489 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11490 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11491 university servers.</p>
11492
11493 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11494 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11495 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11496 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11497 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11498 uses.</p>
11499
11500       </div>
11501       <div class="tags">
11502
11503
11504         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11505
11506
11507       </div>
11508     </div>
11509     <div class="padding"></div>
11510
11511     <div class="entry">
11512       <div class="title">
11513         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11514       </div>
11515       <div class="date">
11516         27th July 2010
11517       </div>
11518       <div class="body">
11519         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11520 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11521 completed.</p>
11522
11523 <blockquote>
11524 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11525 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11526 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11527 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11528 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11529 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11530 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11531 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11532
11533 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11534 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11535 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11536
11537 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11538 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11539 much.</p>
11540
11541 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11542
11543 <ul>
11544 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11545 <ul>
11546   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11547          combination with some new artwork
11548   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11549   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11550   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11551   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11552   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11553   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11554   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11555   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11556   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11557 </ul></li>
11558 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11559     Enabled for:
11560 <ul>
11561   <li>PAM
11562   <li>LDAP
11563   <li>IMAP
11564   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11565 </ul>
11566 </li>
11567 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11568 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11569     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11570 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11571 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11572 </ul>
11573 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11574
11575 <ul>
11576 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11577     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11578     for testing.</li>
11579 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11580     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11581     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11582 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11583 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11584 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11585 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11586     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11587 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11588     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11589     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11590 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11591     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11592     and help out with translations.</li>
11593 </ul>
11594
11595 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
11596
11597 <ul>
11598 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11599 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11600 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11601 </ul>
11602 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
11603
11604 <ul>
11605 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11606 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11607 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11608 </ul>
11609
11610 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
11611 get closer to the final release.</p>
11612
11613 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
11614
11615 <ul>
11616 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11617 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11618 </ul>
11619
11620 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
11621 <ul>
11622 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11623 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11624 </ul>
11625 <p>How to report bugs:
11626 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
11627
11628 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
11629 </blockquote>
11630
11631       </div>
11632       <div class="tags">
11633
11634
11635         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11636
11637
11638       </div>
11639     </div>
11640     <div class="padding"></div>
11641
11642     <div class="entry">
11643       <div class="title">
11644         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
11645       </div>
11646       <div class="date">
11647         25th July 2010
11648       </div>
11649       <div class="body">
11650         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
11651 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
11652 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
11653 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
11654 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
11655
11656 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
11657 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
11658 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
11659 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
11660 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
11661 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
11662 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
11663
11664 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
11665 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
11666 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
11667 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
11668 up. :)</p>
11669
11670 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
11671 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
11672 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
11673
11674 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
11675 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
11676 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
11677 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
11678 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
11679 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
11680 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
11681 release another day.</p>
11682
11683 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
11684 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11685
11686       </div>
11687       <div class="tags">
11688
11689
11690         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11691
11692
11693       </div>
11694     </div>
11695     <div class="padding"></div>
11696
11697     <div class="entry">
11698       <div class="title">
11699         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
11700       </div>
11701       <div class="date">
11702         17th July 2010
11703       </div>
11704       <div class="body">
11705         <p>This is a
11706 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
11707 on my
11708 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
11709 work</a> on
11710 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
11711 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
11712
11713 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
11714 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
11715 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
11716 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
11717
11718 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
11719 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
11720 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
11721
11722 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
11723
11724 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
11725 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
11726 the web.
11727
11728 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
11729 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
11730 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
11731 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
11732 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
11733 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
11734
11735 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
11736 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
11737 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
11738 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
11739 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
11740 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
11741 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
11742 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
11743 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
11744 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
11745 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
11746 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
11747 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
11748 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
11749 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
11750 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
11751
11752 <blockquote><pre>
11753 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11754   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11755   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11756   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11757   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11758   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11759   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11760
11761 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11762   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11763   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
11764   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
11765   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
11766   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
11767 </pre></blockquote>
11768
11769 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
11770 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
11771 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
11772 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11773 also exist.</p>
11774
11775 <blockquote><pre>
11776 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11777 objectclass: top
11778 objectclass: dnsdomain
11779 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11780 dc: tjener
11781 arecord: 10.0.2.2
11782 associateddomain: tjener.intern
11783
11784 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11785 objectclass: top
11786 objectclass: dnsdomain2
11787 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11788 dc: 2
11789 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
11790 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
11791 </pre></blockquote>
11792
11793 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
11794 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
11795 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
11796 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
11797 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
11798 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
11799 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
11800 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
11801 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
11802 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
11803 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
11804 instead.</p>
11805
11806 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
11807 like this:</p>
11808
11809 <blockquote><pre>
11810 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11811   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11812   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11813   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11814   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11815   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11816
11817 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11818   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
11819 </pre></blockquote>
11820
11821 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
11822 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
11823 reverse lookups.</p>
11824
11825 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
11826 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
11827 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
11828 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
11829
11830 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
11831 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
11832 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
11833
11834 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
11835 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
11836 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
11837 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
11838 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
11839
11840 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
11841 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
11842 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
11843 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
11844 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
11845
11846 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
11847 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
11848 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
11849 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
11850 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
11851 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
11852
11853 <blockquote><pre>
11854 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
11855     SUP top
11856     AUXILIARY
11857     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
11858           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
11859           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
11860           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
11861           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
11862     ))
11863 </pre></blockquote>
11864
11865 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
11866 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
11867 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
11868 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
11869 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
11870 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
11871
11872 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
11873
11874 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
11875 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
11876 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
11877 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
11878 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
11879
11880 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
11881 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
11882 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
11883 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
11884
11885 <blockquote><pre>
11886 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
11887 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
11888 </pre></blockquote>
11889
11890 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
11891 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
11892 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
11893 search result is this entry:</p>
11894
11895 <blockquote><pre>
11896 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11897 cn: dhcp
11898 objectClass: top
11899 objectClass: dhcpServer
11900 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11901 </pre></blockquote>
11902
11903 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
11904 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
11905 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
11906 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
11907 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
11908 The search result is this entry:</p>
11909
11910 <blockquote><pre>
11911 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11912 cn: DHCP Config
11913 objectClass: top
11914 objectClass: dhcpService
11915 objectClass: dhcpOptions
11916 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11917 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
11918 dhcpStatements: authoritative
11919 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
11920 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
11921 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
11922 </pre></blockquote>
11923
11924 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
11925 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
11926 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
11927 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
11928 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
11929 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
11930 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
11931 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
11932 related computer objects.</p>
11933
11934 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
11935 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11936 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11937 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11938 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11939 like:</p>
11940
11941 <blockquote><pre>
11942 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11943 cn: hostname
11944 objectClass: top
11945 objectClass: dhcpHost
11946 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11947 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11948 </pre></blockquote>
11949
11950 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11951 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11952 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11953 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11954 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11955 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11956 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11957 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11958 structural object class.
11959
11960 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11961
11962 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11963 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11964 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11965 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11966 in the configuration.</p>
11967
11968 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11969 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11970 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11971 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11972 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11973 structure.</p>
11974
11975 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11976 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11977
11978 <blockquote><pre>
11979 ou=services
11980   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11981     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11982     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11983       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11984         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11985     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11986       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11987         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11988     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11989       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11990 </pre></blockquote>
11991
11992 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11993 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11994 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11995 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11996
11997 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11998 like this:</p>
11999
12000 <blockquote><pre>
12001 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12002 dc: hostname
12003 objectClass: top
12004 objectClass: dhcpHost
12005 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12006 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12007 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12008 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12009 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12010 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12011 </pre></blockquote>
12012
12013 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12014 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12015 auxiliary object class.</p>
12016
12017       </div>
12018       <div class="tags">
12019
12020
12021         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12022
12023
12024       </div>
12025     </div>
12026     <div class="padding"></div>
12027
12028     <div class="entry">
12029       <div class="title">
12030         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12031       </div>
12032       <div class="date">
12033         14th July 2010
12034       </div>
12035       <div class="body">
12036         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12037 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12038 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12039 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12040 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12041
12042 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12043 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12044
12045 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12046 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12047 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12048 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12049 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12050 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12051
12052 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12053 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12054 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12055 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12056 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12057 seem to work.</p>
12058
12059 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12060 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12061 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12062 this:</p>
12063
12064 <blockquote><pre>
12065   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12066   cn: hostname
12067   objectClass: dhcphost
12068   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12069   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12070   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12071   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12072   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12073   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12074   ldapconfigsound: Y
12075 </pre></blockquote>
12076
12077 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12078 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12079 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12080 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12081
12082 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12083 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12084 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12085 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12086 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12087 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12088 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12089 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12090
12091 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12092 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12093
12094       </div>
12095       <div class="tags">
12096
12097
12098         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12099
12100
12101       </div>
12102     </div>
12103     <div class="padding"></div>
12104
12105     <div class="entry">
12106       <div class="title">
12107         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12108       </div>
12109       <div class="date">
12110         11th July 2010
12111       </div>
12112       <div class="body">
12113         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12114 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12115 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12116 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12117
12118 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12119 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12120 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12121 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12122 LTSP clients.</p>
12123
12124 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12125 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12126 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12127
12128 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12129 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12130 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12131
12132 <blockquote><pre>
12133 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12134 #
12135 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12136 #
12137 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12138 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12139 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12140 #
12141 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12142 # existence of attribute names.
12143 #
12144 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12145 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12146 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12147 #
12148 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12149 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12150 #
12151 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12152 #     SUP top
12153 #     AUXILIARY
12154 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12155
12156 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12157 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12158     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12159     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12160         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12161         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12162             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12163             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12164             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12165             # bass value on to clients
12166             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12167         done
12168     done
12169 fi
12170 </pre></blockquote>
12171
12172 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12173 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12174 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12175 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12176 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12177
12178 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12179 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12180
12181 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12182 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12183 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12184 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12185 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12186 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12187
12188       </div>
12189       <div class="tags">
12190
12191
12192         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12193
12194
12195       </div>
12196     </div>
12197     <div class="padding"></div>
12198
12199     <div class="entry">
12200       <div class="title">
12201         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12202       </div>
12203       <div class="date">
12204          9th July 2010
12205       </div>
12206       <div class="body">
12207         <p>Since
12208 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12209 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12210 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12211 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12212 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12213 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12214 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12215 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12216 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12217 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12218 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12219 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12220 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12221
12222       </div>
12223       <div class="tags">
12224
12225
12226         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12227
12228
12229       </div>
12230     </div>
12231     <div class="padding"></div>
12232
12233     <div class="entry">
12234       <div class="title">
12235         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12236       </div>
12237       <div class="date">
12238          3rd July 2010
12239       </div>
12240       <div class="body">
12241         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12242 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12243 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12244 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12245 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12246 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12247 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12248 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12249
12250 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12251 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12252 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12253 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12254 publish the difference.</p>
12255
12256 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12257
12258 <blockquote><p>
12259   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12260   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12261   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12262   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12263   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12264   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12265   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12266   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12267 </p></blockquote>
12268
12269 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12270
12271 <blockquote><p>
12272   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12273   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12274   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12275   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12276   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12277   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12278   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12279   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12280   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12281   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12282   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12283   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12284   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12285   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12286   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12287   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12288   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12289   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12290   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12291   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12292 </p></blockquote>
12293
12294 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12295
12296 <blockquote><p>
12297   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12298   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12299   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12300   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12301   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12302   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12303   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12304   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12305   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12306   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12307   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12308   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12309   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12310   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12311   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12312   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12313   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12314   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12315   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12316   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12317   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12318 </p></blockquote>
12319
12320 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12321
12322 <blockquote><p>
12323   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12324   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12325   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12326 </p></blockquote>
12327
12328 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12329 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12330 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12331 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12332 the difference somewhat.
12333
12334       </div>
12335       <div class="tags">
12336
12337
12338         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12339
12340
12341       </div>
12342     </div>
12343     <div class="padding"></div>
12344
12345     <div class="entry">
12346       <div class="title">
12347         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12348       </div>
12349       <div class="date">
12350          1st July 2010
12351       </div>
12352       <div class="body">
12353         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12354 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12355 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12356 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12357 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12358 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12359 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12360 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12361 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12362
12363 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12364
12365 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12366 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12367 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12368 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12369 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12370 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12371 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12372 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12373 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12374 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12375 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12376 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12377 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12378 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12379 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12380
12381 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12382
12383 <blockquote><pre>
12384 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12385 </pre></blockquote>
12386
12387 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12388 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12389 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12390 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12391 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12392 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12393 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12394 on how to get this working.</p>
12395
12396 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12397 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12398 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12399 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12400 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12401 instructions I found in the
12402 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12403 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12404
12405 <blockquote><pre>
12406         debug-level             0
12407         reload-count            unlimited
12408         paranoia                no
12409
12410         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12411         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12412         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12413         suggested-size          passwd          211
12414         check-files             passwd          yes
12415         persistent              passwd          yes
12416         shared                  passwd          yes
12417         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12418         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12419
12420         enable-cache            group           yes
12421         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12422         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12423         suggested-size          group           211
12424         check-files             group           yes
12425         persistent              group           yes
12426         shared                  group           yes
12427         max-db-size             group           33554432
12428         auto-propagate          group           yes
12429
12430         enable-cache            hosts           no
12431         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12432         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12433         suggested-size          hosts           211
12434         check-files             hosts           yes
12435         persistent              hosts           yes
12436         shared                  hosts           yes
12437         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12438
12439         enable-cache            services        yes
12440         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12441         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12442         suggested-size          services        211
12443         check-files             services        yes
12444         persistent              services        yes
12445         shared                  services        yes
12446         max-db-size             services        33554432
12447 </pre></blockquote>
12448
12449 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12450 automatically like the one provided in
12451 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12452 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12453 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12454 look like this:</p>
12455
12456 <blockquote><pre>
12457 passwd:         files ldap
12458 group:          files ldap
12459 shadow:         files ldap
12460 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12461 networks:       files
12462 protocols:      files
12463 services:       files
12464 ethers:         files
12465 rpc:            files
12466 netgroup:       files ldap
12467 </pre></blockquote>
12468
12469 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12470 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12471
12472 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12473 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12474 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12475 attributes cached.
12476
12477 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12478   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12479
12480 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12481 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12482 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12483 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12484 discovered sssd.</p>
12485
12486 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12487
12488 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12489 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12490 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12491 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12492 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12493 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12494 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12495 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12496 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12497 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12498 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12499 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12500 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12501
12502 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12503 roaming setup I want</p>
12504
12505 <blockquote><pre>
12506 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12507 </pre></blockquote>
12508
12509 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12510 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12511
12512 <blockquote><pre>
12513 [sssd]
12514 config_file_version = 2
12515 reconnection_retries = 3
12516 sbus_timeout = 30
12517 services = nss, pam
12518 domains = INTERN
12519
12520 [nss]
12521 filter_groups = root
12522 filter_users = root
12523 reconnection_retries = 3
12524
12525 [pam]
12526 reconnection_retries = 3
12527
12528 [domain/INTERN]
12529 enumerate = false
12530 cache_credentials = true
12531
12532 id_provider = ldap
12533 auth_provider = ldap
12534 chpass_provider = ldap
12535
12536 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12537 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12538 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12539 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12540 </pre></blockquote>
12541
12542 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12543 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12544
12545 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12546 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12547 modify it manually.</p>
12548
12549 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12550 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12551
12552       </div>
12553       <div class="tags">
12554
12555
12556         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12557
12558
12559       </div>
12560     </div>
12561     <div class="padding"></div>
12562
12563     <div class="entry">
12564       <div class="title">
12565         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12566       </div>
12567       <div class="date">
12568         28th June 2010
12569       </div>
12570       <div class="body">
12571         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12572 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12573 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12574 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12575 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12576 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12577 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12578 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12579 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12580 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12581
12582 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12583 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12584 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12585 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12586 released.</p>
12587
12588 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12589 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12590 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12591 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12592
12593 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
12594 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12595
12596 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
12597 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
12598 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
12599 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
12600 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
12601
12602       </div>
12603       <div class="tags">
12604
12605
12606         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12607
12608
12609       </div>
12610     </div>
12611     <div class="padding"></div>
12612
12613     <div class="entry">
12614       <div class="title">
12615         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
12616       </div>
12617       <div class="date">
12618         24th June 2010
12619       </div>
12620       <div class="body">
12621         <p>A while back, I
12622 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
12623 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
12624 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
12625 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
12626
12627 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
12628 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
12629 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
12630 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
12631
12632 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
12633 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
12634 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
12635 Debian Edu.</p>
12636
12637 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
12638 the
12639 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
12640 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
12641 available today from IETF.</p>
12642
12643 <pre>
12644 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
12645 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
12646 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
12647  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
12648         NAME 'dhcpHost'
12649         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
12650 -       SUP top
12651 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
12652         MUST cn
12653         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
12654         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
12655 </pre>
12656
12657 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
12658 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
12659 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
12660
12661 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12662 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12663
12664       </div>
12665       <div class="tags">
12666
12667
12668         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12669
12670
12671       </div>
12672     </div>
12673     <div class="padding"></div>
12674
12675     <div class="entry">
12676       <div class="title">
12677         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
12678       </div>
12679       <div class="date">
12680         13th June 2010
12681       </div>
12682       <div class="body">
12683         <p>My
12684 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
12685 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
12686 finally made the upgrade logs available from
12687 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
12688 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
12689 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
12690 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
12691
12692 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
12693 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
12694 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
12695 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
12696 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
12697 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
12698 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
12699 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
12700
12701 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
12702 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
12703 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
12704 too surprising.</p>
12705
12706 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
12707 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
12708 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
12709 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
12710 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
12711 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
12712 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
12713 continue.</p>
12714
12715 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
12716 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
12717   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
12718   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
12719   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
12720   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
12721   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
12722   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12723   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12724   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12725   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12726   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12727   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12728   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12729   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12730   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12731   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12732   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12733   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12734   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12735   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12736   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12737   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12738   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12739   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12740   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12741   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12742   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12743   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
12744   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
12745
12746 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
12747
12748 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
12749   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
12750   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
12751   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
12752   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12753   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
12754   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
12755   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
12756   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
12757   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
12758   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12759   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
12760   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12761   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
12762   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
12763   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
12764   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
12765   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
12766   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
12767   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
12768   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
12769   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
12770   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
12771   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
12772   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12773   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
12774   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
12775   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
12776   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
12777   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12778   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12779   zip</p>
12780
12781 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
12782
12783 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
12784   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
12785   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
12786   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
12787   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
12788   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
12789   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12790   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12791   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12792   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12793   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12794   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12795   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12796   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12797   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12798   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12799   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12800   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12801   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12802   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12803   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12804   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12805   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12806   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12807   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12808   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12809   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12810   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
12811
12812 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
12813 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
12814   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
12815   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
12816   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
12817   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
12818   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
12819   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
12820   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
12821   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
12822   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
12823   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
12824   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
12825   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
12826   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
12827   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
12828   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
12829   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
12830   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
12831   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12832   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
12833   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
12834   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
12835   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
12836   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
12837   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
12838   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
12839   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
12840   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
12841   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
12842   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
12843   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
12844   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
12845   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
12846   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
12847   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12848   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12849   xulrunner-1.9</p>
12850
12851
12852       </div>
12853       <div class="tags">
12854
12855
12856         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12857
12858
12859       </div>
12860     </div>
12861     <div class="padding"></div>
12862
12863     <div class="entry">
12864       <div class="title">
12865         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
12866       </div>
12867       <div class="date">
12868         11th June 2010
12869       </div>
12870       <div class="body">
12871         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
12872 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
12873 have been discovered and reported in the process
12874 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
12875 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
12876 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
12877 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
12878 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
12879
12880 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
12881 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
12882 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
12883 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
12884 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
12885 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
12886
12887 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
12888 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
12889 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12890 is created.  The bug report
12891 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
12892 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
12893 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
12894 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
12895 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
12896 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
12897 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
12898 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
12899 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
12900 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
12901 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
12902 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
12903 Debian Squeeze.</p>
12904
12905 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
12906 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
12907 trick:</p>
12908
12909 <blockquote><pre>
12910 #!/bin/sh
12911 set -ex
12912
12913 if [ "$1" ] ; then
12914     desktop=$1
12915 else
12916     desktop=gnome
12917 fi
12918
12919 from=lenny
12920 to=squeeze
12921
12922 exec &lt; /dev/null
12923 unset LANG
12924 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
12925 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
12926 fuser -mv .
12927 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
12928 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12929 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
12930 #!/bin/sh
12931 exit 101
12932 EOF
12933 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
12934 exit_cleanup() {
12935     umount $tmpdir/proc
12936 }
12937 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12938 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12939 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12940
12941 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12942
12943 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12944 # to return the correct answers.
12945 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12946     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12947
12948 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12949 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12950     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12951 #!/bin/sh
12952 exit 2
12953 EOF
12954     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12955 done
12956
12957 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12958 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12959 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12960 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12961
12962 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12963 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12964 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12965 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12966 fuser -mv
12967 </pre></blockquote>
12968
12969 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12970 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12971 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12972 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12973 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12974 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12975
12976 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12977 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12978 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12979 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12980 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12981 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12982 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12983
12984 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12985 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12986 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12987 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12988 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12989 packages.</p>
12990
12991       </div>
12992       <div class="tags">
12993
12994
12995         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12996
12997
12998       </div>
12999     </div>
13000     <div class="padding"></div>
13001
13002     <div class="entry">
13003       <div class="title">
13004         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13005       </div>
13006       <div class="date">
13007          9th June 2010
13008       </div>
13009       <div class="body">
13010         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13011 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13012 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13013 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13014 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13015 blygsel:</p>
13016
13017 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13018 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13019 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13020 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13021 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13022 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13023
13024 <p>En <a
13025 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13026 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13027 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13028 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13029 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13030 nettet sendte meg til
13031 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13032 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13033
13034 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13035 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13036 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13037 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13038 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13039
13040 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13041 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13042 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13043 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13044 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13045 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13046 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13047 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13048 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13049
13050 <blockquote>
13051 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13052 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13053 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13054 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13055 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13056 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13057 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13058 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13059
13060 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13061 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13062 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13063 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13064 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13065 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13066 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13067 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13068 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13069 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13070
13071 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13072 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13073 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13074 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13075
13076 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13077 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13078 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13079 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13080 arbeid.</p>
13081 </blockquote>
13082
13083 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13084 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13085 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13086 minner.</p>
13087
13088       </div>
13089       <div class="tags">
13090
13091
13092         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13093
13094
13095       </div>
13096     </div>
13097     <div class="padding"></div>
13098
13099     <div class="entry">
13100       <div class="title">
13101         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13102       </div>
13103       <div class="date">
13104          6th June 2010
13105       </div>
13106       <div class="body">
13107         <p>Via the
13108 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13109 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13110 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13111 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13112 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13113
13114       </div>
13115       <div class="tags">
13116
13117
13118         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13119
13120
13121       </div>
13122     </div>
13123     <div class="padding"></div>
13124
13125     <div class="entry">
13126       <div class="title">
13127         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13128       </div>
13129       <div class="date">
13130          3rd June 2010
13131       </div>
13132       <div class="body">
13133         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13134 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13135 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13136 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13137 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13138
13139 <blockquote><pre>
13140 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13141   vendor                    count
13142   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13143     PowerEdge 1750              1
13144   IBM                           1
13145     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13146   Intel                         2
13147   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13148 maintainer:~#
13149 </pre></blockquote>
13150
13151 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13152 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13153 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13154 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13155 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13156
13157 <p>A larger list is
13158 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13159 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13160 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13161 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13162 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13163 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13164 collector.</p>
13165
13166       </div>
13167       <div class="tags">
13168
13169
13170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13171
13172
13173       </div>
13174     </div>
13175     <div class="padding"></div>
13176
13177     <div class="entry">
13178       <div class="title">
13179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13180       </div>
13181       <div class="date">
13182          1st June 2010
13183       </div>
13184       <div class="body">
13185         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13186 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13187 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13188 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13189 wait.</p>
13190
13191 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13192 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13193 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13194 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13195 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13196 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13197
13198 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13199 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13200 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13201 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13202 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13203 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13204 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13205 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13206
13207 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13208
13209       </div>
13210       <div class="tags">
13211
13212
13213         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13214
13215
13216       </div>
13217     </div>
13218     <div class="padding"></div>
13219
13220     <div class="entry">
13221       <div class="title">
13222         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13223       </div>
13224       <div class="date">
13225         27th May 2010
13226       </div>
13227       <div class="body">
13228         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13229 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13230 issues are known and should be solved:
13231
13232 <p><ul>
13233
13234 <li>The wicd package seen to
13235 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13236 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13237 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13238 seem to be on the case.</li>
13239
13240 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13241 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13242 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13243 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13244
13245 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13246 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13247 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13248 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13249 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13250 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13251 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13252 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13253
13254 </ul></p>
13255
13256 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13257 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13258 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13259 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13260
13261 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13262 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13263 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13264 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13265
13266 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13267
13268       </div>
13269       <div class="tags">
13270
13271
13272         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13273
13274
13275       </div>
13276     </div>
13277     <div class="padding"></div>
13278
13279     <div class="entry">
13280       <div class="title">
13281         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13282       </div>
13283       <div class="date">
13284         22nd May 2010
13285       </div>
13286       <div class="body">
13287         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13288 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13289 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13290 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13291
13292 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13293 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13294 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13295 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13296 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13297 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13298 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13299 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13300 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13301 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13302 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13303 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13304 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13305 going to work.</p>
13306
13307 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13308 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13309 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13310 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13311 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13312 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13313 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13314 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13315 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13316 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13317 Edu.</p>
13318
13319 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13320 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13321 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13322 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13323 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13324 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13325
13326 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13327 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13328
13329       </div>
13330       <div class="tags">
13331
13332
13333         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13334
13335
13336       </div>
13337     </div>
13338     <div class="padding"></div>
13339
13340     <div class="entry">
13341       <div class="title">
13342         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13343       </div>
13344       <div class="date">
13345         19th May 2010
13346       </div>
13347       <div class="body">
13348         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13349 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13350 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13351 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13352 into unstable.  The
13353 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13354 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13355 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13356 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13357 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13358 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13359 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13360
13361 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13362 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13363 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13364 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13365 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13366 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13367 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13368 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13369
13370 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13371 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13372 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13373 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13374 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13375 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13376 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13377
13378 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13379 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13380 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13381 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13382 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13383 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13384 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13385 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13386 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13387 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13388 on the home directory servers.</p>
13389
13390 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13391 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13392 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13393 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13394 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13395 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13396
13397 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13398 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13399
13400       </div>
13401       <div class="tags">
13402
13403
13404         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13405
13406
13407       </div>
13408     </div>
13409     <div class="padding"></div>
13410
13411     <div class="entry">
13412       <div class="title">
13413         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13414       </div>
13415       <div class="date">
13416         14th May 2010
13417       </div>
13418       <div class="body">
13419         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13420 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13421 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13422 expected, if I am to believe the
13423 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13424 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13425 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13426 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13427 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13428 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13429 version.</p>
13430
13431 More information about
13432 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13433 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13434 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13435 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13436
13437 <blockquote><pre>
13438 CONCURRENCY=none
13439 </pre></blockquote>
13440
13441 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13442 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13443 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13444 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13445
13446       </div>
13447       <div class="tags">
13448
13449
13450         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13451
13452
13453       </div>
13454     </div>
13455     <div class="padding"></div>
13456
13457     <div class="entry">
13458       <div class="title">
13459         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13460       </div>
13461       <div class="date">
13462         14th May 2010
13463       </div>
13464       <div class="body">
13465         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13466 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13467 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13468 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13469 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13470 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13471 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13472 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13473
13474 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13475 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13476 this on the collector host:</p>
13477
13478 <blockquote><pre>
13479 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13480 </pre></blockquote>
13481
13482 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13483 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13484
13485 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13486 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13487 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13488 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13489 written yet.</p>
13490
13491       </div>
13492       <div class="tags">
13493
13494
13495         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13496
13497
13498       </div>
13499     </div>
13500     <div class="padding"></div>
13501
13502     <div class="entry">
13503       <div class="title">
13504         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13505       </div>
13506       <div class="date">
13507          2nd May 2010
13508       </div>
13509       <div class="body">
13510         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13511 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13512 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13513
13514 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13515 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13516 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13517 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13518 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13519
13520 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13521 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13522
13523 <blockquote><pre>
13524 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13525 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13526 Password expires                                        : never
13527 Password inactive                                       : never
13528 Account expires                                         : never
13529 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13530 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13531 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13532 root@tjener:~#
13533 </pre></blockquote>
13534
13535 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13536 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13537 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13538 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13539 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13540 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13541
13542 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13543 intended:</p>
13544
13545 <blockquote><pre>
13546 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13547 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13548 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13549 Password expires                                        : never
13550 Password inactive                                       : never
13551 Account expires                                         : never
13552 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13553 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13554 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13555 root@tjener:~#
13556 </pre></blockquote>
13557
13558 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13559 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13560 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13561
13562 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13563 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13564
13565 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13566 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13567
13568 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13569 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13570 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13571 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13572 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13573 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13574 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13575
13576 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13577 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13578 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13579 change.</p>
13580
13581       </div>
13582       <div class="tags">
13583
13584
13585         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13586
13587
13588       </div>
13589     </div>
13590     <div class="padding"></div>
13591
13592     <div class="entry">
13593       <div class="title">
13594         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
13595       </div>
13596       <div class="date">
13597         28th April 2010
13598       </div>
13599       <div class="body">
13600         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
13601 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
13602 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
13603 and go.</p>
13604
13605 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
13606 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
13607 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
13608 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
13609
13610 <ul>
13611
13612  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
13613    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
13614    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
13615    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
13616    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
13617    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
13618    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
13619    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
13620    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
13621    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
13622    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
13623    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
13624
13625  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
13626    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
13627    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
13628    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
13629    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13630    or the Fedora developed
13631    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
13632    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
13633
13634  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
13635    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
13636    directory, using unison.</li>
13637
13638  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
13639    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
13640    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
13641    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
13642    implemented.</li>
13643
13644  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
13645    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
13646
13647  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
13648    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
13649    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
13650
13651 </ul>
13652
13653 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
13654 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
13655 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
13656 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
13657 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
13658 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
13659 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
13660 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
13661 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
13662
13663 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13664 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13665
13666       </div>
13667       <div class="tags">
13668
13669
13670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13671
13672
13673       </div>
13674     </div>
13675     <div class="padding"></div>
13676
13677     <div class="entry">
13678       <div class="title">
13679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
13680       </div>
13681       <div class="date">
13682         14th April 2010
13683       </div>
13684       <div class="body">
13685         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
13686 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
13687 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
13688 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
13689 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
13690 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
13691 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
13692 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
13693 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
13694
13695 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
13696 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
13697 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
13698 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
13699 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
13700
13701 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
13702 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
13703
13704 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
13705 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
13706 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
13707 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
13708 to work properly.</p>
13709
13710 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
13711 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
13712 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
13713 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
13714 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
13715 time.</p>
13716
13717 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
13718 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
13719 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
13720 up in a few days.</p>
13721
13722       </div>
13723       <div class="tags">
13724
13725
13726         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13727
13728
13729       </div>
13730     </div>
13731     <div class="padding"></div>
13732
13733     <div class="entry">
13734       <div class="title">
13735         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
13736       </div>
13737       <div class="date">
13738          6th March 2010
13739       </div>
13740       <div class="body">
13741         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
13742 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
13743 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
13744 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
13745 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
13746 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
13747
13748 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
13749 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
13750 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
13751 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
13752
13753 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
13754 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
13755 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
13756 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
13757 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
13758 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
13759
13760       </div>
13761       <div class="tags">
13762
13763
13764         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13765
13766
13767       </div>
13768     </div>
13769     <div class="padding"></div>
13770
13771     <div class="entry">
13772       <div class="title">
13773         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
13774       </div>
13775       <div class="date">
13776         11th February 2010
13777       </div>
13778       <div class="body">
13779         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
13780 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
13781 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
13782 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
13783 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
13784 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
13785 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
13786
13787 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
13788
13789 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
13790 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
13791 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
13792 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
13793
13794       </div>
13795       <div class="tags">
13796
13797
13798         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13799
13800
13801       </div>
13802     </div>
13803     <div class="padding"></div>
13804
13805     <div class="entry">
13806       <div class="title">
13807         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
13808       </div>
13809       <div class="date">
13810         27th January 2010
13811       </div>
13812       <div class="body">
13813         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
13814 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
13815 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
13816 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
13817 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
13818 further.</p>
13819
13820 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
13821 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
13822 configured to be a server for the
13823 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
13824 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
13825 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
13826 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
13827 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
13828 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
13829 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
13830 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
13831 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
13832 and Nagios configuration.</p>
13833
13834 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
13835 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
13836 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
13837 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
13838
13839 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
13840 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
13841 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
13842 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
13843 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
13844 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
13845 the machine.</p>
13846
13847 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
13848 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
13849 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
13850 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
13851
13852 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
13853 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
13854 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
13855 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
13856 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
13857 everything is taken care of.</p>
13858
13859       </div>
13860       <div class="tags">
13861
13862
13863         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13864
13865
13866       </div>
13867     </div>
13868     <div class="padding"></div>
13869
13870     <div class="entry">
13871       <div class="title">
13872         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
13873       </div>
13874       <div class="date">
13875         17th December 2009
13876       </div>
13877       <div class="body">
13878         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
13879 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
13880 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
13881 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
13882 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
13883 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
13884 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
13885 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
13886 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
13887 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
13888 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
13889 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
13890 til å arrangere
13891 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
13892 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
13893 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
13894 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
13895 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
13896 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
13897 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
13898 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
13899 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
13900 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
13901 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
13902 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
13903 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
13904 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
13905 Resten er historie. :)</p>
13906
13907       </div>
13908       <div class="tags">
13909
13910
13911         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13912
13913
13914       </div>
13915     </div>
13916     <div class="padding"></div>
13917
13918     <div class="entry">
13919       <div class="title">
13920         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
13921       </div>
13922       <div class="date">
13923          2nd November 2009
13924       </div>
13925       <div class="body">
13926         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
13927 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
13928 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
13929 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
13930 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
13931 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
13932 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
13933 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
13934 hjertelig velkommen til
13935 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13936 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13937
13938 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13939 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13940 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13941 GNU.</blockquote>
13942
13943       </div>
13944       <div class="tags">
13945
13946
13947         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13948
13949
13950       </div>
13951     </div>
13952     <div class="padding"></div>
13953
13954     <div class="entry">
13955       <div class="title">
13956         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13957       </div>
13958       <div class="date">
13959         29th March 2009
13960       </div>
13961       <div class="body">
13962         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13963 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13964 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13965 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13966 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13967 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13968 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13969 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13970 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13971 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13972 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13973 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13974 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13975 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13976 now. :)</p>
13977
13978       </div>
13979       <div class="tags">
13980
13981
13982         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13983
13984
13985       </div>
13986     </div>
13987     <div class="padding"></div>
13988
13989     <div class="entry">
13990       <div class="title">
13991         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13992       </div>
13993       <div class="date">
13994         29th March 2009
13995       </div>
13996       <div class="body">
13997         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13998 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13999 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14000 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14001 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14002 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14003
14004 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14005 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14006 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14007 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14008 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14009 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14010 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14011 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14012 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14013 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14014 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14015 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14016 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14017
14018 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14019 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14020 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14021 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14022
14023 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14024 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14025
14026 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14027 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14028 new IETF work group?</p>
14029
14030       </div>
14031       <div class="tags">
14032
14033
14034         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14035
14036
14037       </div>
14038     </div>
14039     <div class="padding"></div>
14040
14041     <div class="entry">
14042       <div class="title">
14043         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14044       </div>
14045       <div class="date">
14046         15th February 2009
14047       </div>
14048       <div class="body">
14049         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14050 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14051 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14052 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14053 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14054 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14055 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14056 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14057 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14058 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14059 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14060 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14061
14062       </div>
14063       <div class="tags">
14064
14065
14066         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14067
14068
14069       </div>
14070     </div>
14071     <div class="padding"></div>
14072
14073     <div class="entry">
14074       <div class="title">
14075         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14076       </div>
14077       <div class="date">
14078         26th December 2008
14079       </div>
14080       <div class="body">
14081         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14082 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14083 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14084 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14085 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14086 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14087 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14088 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14089 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14090 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14091 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14092 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14093 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14094 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14095
14096 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14097 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14098 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14099 og
14100 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14101 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14102 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14103 stavekontrollen.</p>
14104
14105       </div>
14106       <div class="tags">
14107
14108
14109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14110
14111
14112       </div>
14113     </div>
14114     <div class="padding"></div>
14115
14116     <div class="entry">
14117       <div class="title">
14118         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14119       </div>
14120       <div class="date">
14121          7th December 2008
14122       </div>
14123       <div class="body">
14124         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14125 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14126 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14127 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14128 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14129 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14130 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14131 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14132
14133 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14134 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14135 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14136 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14137 of these cards.</p>
14138
14139       </div>
14140       <div class="tags">
14141
14142
14143         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14144
14145
14146       </div>
14147     </div>
14148     <div class="padding"></div>
14149
14150     <div class="entry">
14151       <div class="title">
14152         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14153       </div>
14154       <div class="date">
14155         25th November 2008
14156       </div>
14157       <div class="body">
14158         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14159 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14160 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14161 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14162 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14163 notes are available on
14164 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14165 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14166 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14167 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14168 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14169 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14170 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14171 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14172 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14173
14174 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14175 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14176
14177       </div>
14178       <div class="tags">
14179
14180
14181         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14182
14183
14184       </div>
14185     </div>
14186     <div class="padding"></div>
14187
14188     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14189     <div id="sidebar">
14190
14191
14192
14193 <h2>Archive</h2>
14194 <ul>
14195
14196 <li>2015
14197 <ul>
14198
14199 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14200
14201 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14202
14203 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14204
14205 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (2)</a></li>
14206
14207 </ul></li>
14208
14209 <li>2014
14210 <ul>
14211
14212 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14213
14214 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14215
14216 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14217
14218 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14219
14220 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14221
14222 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14223
14224 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14225
14226 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14227
14228 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14229
14230 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14231
14232 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14233
14234 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
14235
14236 </ul></li>
14237
14238 <li>2013
14239 <ul>
14240
14241 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14242
14243 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14244
14245 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14246
14247 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14248
14249 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14250
14251 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14252
14253 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14254
14255 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14256
14257 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14258
14259 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14260
14261 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14262
14263 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14264
14265 </ul></li>
14266
14267 <li>2012
14268 <ul>
14269
14270 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14271
14272 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14273
14274 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14275
14276 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14277
14278 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14279
14280 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14281
14282 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14283
14284 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14285
14286 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14287
14288 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14289
14290 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14291
14292 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14293
14294 </ul></li>
14295
14296 <li>2011
14297 <ul>
14298
14299 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14300
14301 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14302
14303 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14304
14305 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14306
14307 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14308
14309 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14310
14311 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14312
14313 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14314
14315 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14316
14317 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14318
14319 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14320
14321 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14322
14323 </ul></li>
14324
14325 <li>2010
14326 <ul>
14327
14328 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14329
14330 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14331
14332 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14333
14334 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14335
14336 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14337
14338 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14339
14340 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14341
14342 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14343
14344 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14345
14346 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14347
14348 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14349
14350 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14351
14352 </ul></li>
14353
14354 <li>2009
14355 <ul>
14356
14357 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14358
14359 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14360
14361 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14362
14363 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14364
14365 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14366
14367 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14368
14369 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14370
14371 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14372
14373 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14374
14375 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14376
14377 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14378
14379 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14380
14381 </ul></li>
14382
14383 <li>2008
14384 <ul>
14385
14386 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14387
14388 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14389
14390 </ul></li>
14391
14392 </ul>
14393
14394
14395
14396 <h2>Tags</h2>
14397 <ul>
14398
14399  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14400
14401  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14402
14403  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14404
14405  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14406
14407  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14408
14409  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
14410
14411  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14412
14413  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14414
14415  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (109)</a></li>
14416
14417  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (151)</a></li>
14418
14419  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14420
14421  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14422
14423  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (13)</a></li>
14424
14425  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14426
14427  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (273)</a></li>
14428
14429  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
14430
14431  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14432
14433  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (15)</a></li>
14434
14435  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
14436
14437  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (14)</a></li>
14438
14439  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (41)</a></li>
14440
14441  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14442
14443  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14444
14445  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14446
14447  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14448
14449  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14450
14451  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14452
14453  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14454
14455  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (32)</a></li>
14456
14457  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (260)</a></li>
14458
14459  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (176)</a></li>
14460
14461  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (16)</a></li>
14462
14463  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14464
14465  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (51)</a></li>
14466
14467  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (83)</a></li>
14468
14469  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14470
14471  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14472
14473  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14474
14475  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14476
14477  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14478
14479  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14480
14481  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14482
14483  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14484
14485  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14486
14487  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14488
14489  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14490
14491  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (46)</a></li>
14492
14493  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14494
14495  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14496
14497  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (30)</a></li>
14498
14499  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
14500
14501  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
14502
14503  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14504
14505  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (50)</a></li>
14506
14507  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14508
14509  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (35)</a></li>
14510
14511 </ul>
14512
14513
14514     </div>
14515     <p style="text-align: right">
14516  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14517 </p>
14518
14519   </body>
14520 </html>