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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         14th March 2014
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
  32 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
  33 in Debian Edu / Skolelinux, is to update the automount rules in LDAP
  34 and let the automount daemon on the clients take care of the rest.  I
  35 was reminded about the need to document this better when one of the
  36 customers of <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>,
  37 where I am on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The
  38 steps to get this working are the following:</p>
  39
  40 <p><ol>
  41
  42 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
  43 example host here.</li>
  44
  45 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
  46 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
  47
  48 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
  49 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
  50
  51 </ol></p>
  52
  53 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
  54 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
  55 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section etting
  56 started).</p>
  57
  58 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
  59 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
  60
  61 <p><blockquote><pre>
  62 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
  63 Export list for nas-server:
  64 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
  65 root@tjener:~#
  66 </pre></blockquote></p>
  67
  68 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
  69 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
  70 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
  71 NFS access.</p>
  72
  73 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
  74 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
  75 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
  76
  77 <p><blockquote><pre>
  78 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  79 </pre></blockquote></p>
  80
  81 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
  82 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
  83 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
  84 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
  85
  86 <p><blockquote><pre>
  87 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  88 objectClass: automount
  89 cn: nas-server
  90 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  91
  92 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  93 objectClass: top
  94 objectClass: automountMap
  95 ou: auto.nas-server
  96
  97 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  98 objectClass: automount
  99 cn: /
 100 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
 101 </pre></blockquote></p>
 102
 103 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
 104 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 105 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 106
 107 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 108 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 109 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 110 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 111
 112       </div>
 113       <div class="tags">
 114
 115
 116         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 117
 118
 119       </div>
 120     </div>
 121     <div class="padding"></div>
 122
 123     <div class="entry">
 124       <div class="title">
 125         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
 126       </div>
 127       <div class="date">
 128         25th December 2013
 129       </div>
 130       <div class="body">
 131         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 132 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 133 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 134 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 135 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 136 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 137 George</a>.</p>
 138
 139 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 140
 141 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 142
 143 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 144 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 145 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 146 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 147 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 148 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 149
 150 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 151 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 152 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 153 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 154 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 155 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 156 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 157 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 158 scratch.</p>
 159
 160 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 161 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 162 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 163
 164 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 165 and cycling.</p>
 166
 167 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 168 project?</strong></p>
 169
 170 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
 171 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
 172 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
 173 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
 174 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
 175 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
 176
 177 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
 178 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
 179 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
 180 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
 181 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
 182 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
 183 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
 184 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
 185 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
 186
 187 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
 188 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
 189 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
 190 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
 191
 192 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 193 Edu?</strong></p>
 194
 195 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
 196 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
 197 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
 198 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
 199 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 200 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 201 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 202 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 203 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 204 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 205 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 206 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 207 that it rocks!</p>
 208
 209 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 210 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 211 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 212 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 213 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 214 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 215 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 216
 217 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 218 Edu?</strong></p>
 219
 220 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 221 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 222 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 223 can list a few points about that:</p>
 224
 225 <ul>
 226
 227  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 228  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 229  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 230
 231 </ul>
 232
 233 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 234
 235 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 236
 237 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 238 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 239 year.</p>
 240
 241 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 242 run text tools. I use
 243 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 244 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 245 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 246 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 247 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 248 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 249 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 250 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 251 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 252 e-mail.</p>
 253
 254 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 255 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 256 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 257 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 258 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 259 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 260 Facebook now ;).</p>
 261
 262 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 263 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 264
 265 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 266 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 267
 268 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 269 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 270 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 271 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 272 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 273 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 274 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 275 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 276 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 277 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 278 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 279 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 280 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 281 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 282 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 283 plain criminal.</p>
 284
 285 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 286 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 287 founded an association named
 288 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 289 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 290 area of free and open source software, for example the
 291 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 292 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 293 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 294 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 295 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 296 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 297 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 298 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 299
 300 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 301 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 302 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 303 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 304 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 305 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 306 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 307 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 308 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 309 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 310 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 311 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 312
 313 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 314 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 315 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 316 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 317
 318 <!--
 319
 320 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 321
 322 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 323 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 324
 325  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 326    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 327    of the decision makers above;
 328  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 329    knowledge about free software
 330
 331 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 332
 333 -->
 334
 335       </div>
 336       <div class="tags">
 337
 338
 339         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 340
 341
 342       </div>
 343     </div>
 344     <div class="padding"></div>
 345
 346     <div class="entry">
 347       <div class="title">
 348         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
 349       </div>
 350       <div class="date">
 351          6th December 2013
 352       </div>
 353       <div class="body">
 354         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 355 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 356 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 357 had a new school administrator show up on
 358 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 359 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 360 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 361 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 362 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 363
 364 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 365
 366 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 367 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 368 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 369 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 370
 371 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 372 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 373 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 374 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
 375 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
 376 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
 377 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
 378 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
 379 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
 380
 381 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 382 project?</strong></p>
 383
 384 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
 385 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
 386 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
 387 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
 388
 389 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 390 Edu?</strong></p>
 391
 392 <ul>
 393   <li>Quick installation,</li>
 394   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
 395   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
 396   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
 397     single company,</li>
 398   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
 399     experience and problem solutions.</li>
 400 </ul>
 401
 402 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 403 Edu?</strong></p>
 404
 405 <ul>
 406   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
 407   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
 408   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
 409   working again reliably.
 410
 411   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
 412   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
 413   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
 414   as their base.
 415
 416   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
 417   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
 418   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
 419   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
 420   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
 421   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
 422
 423   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
 424   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
 425   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
 426   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
 427   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
 428   schemes.</li>
 429
 430   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
 431   compared to Debian.</li>
 432
 433 </ul>
 434
 435 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
 436 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
 437 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
 438 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
 439
 440 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 441
 442 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
 443 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
 444 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
 445 programming languages for teaching.</p>
 446
 447 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 448 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 449
 450 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
 451
 452 <ul>
 453
 454   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
 455     teaching and learning.</li>
 456
 457   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
 458     home, and at their working place without running into license or
 459     conversion problems.</li>
 460
 461   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
 462     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
 463     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
 464     science, not products.</li>
 465
 466   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
 467     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
 468
 469 </ul>
 470
 471       </div>
 472       <div class="tags">
 473
 474
 475         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 476
 477
 478       </div>
 479     </div>
 480     <div class="padding"></div>
 481
 482     <div class="entry">
 483       <div class="title">
 484         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
 485       </div>
 486       <div class="date">
 487          8th October 2013
 488       </div>
 489       <div class="body">
 490         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
 491 Salvador had published a
 492 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
 493 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
 494 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
 495 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
 496 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
 497 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
 498 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
 499 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
 500 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
 501 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
 502 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
 503 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
 504 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
 505 computers without hard drives by installing one central
 506 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
 507
 508 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
 509
 510 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 511
 512 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
 513 me know. :)</p>
 514
 515       </div>
 516       <div class="tags">
 517
 518
 519         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
 520
 521
 522       </div>
 523     </div>
 524     <div class="padding"></div>
 525
 526     <div class="entry">
 527       <div class="title">
 528         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
 529       </div>
 530       <div class="date">
 531         29th September 2013
 532       </div>
 533       <div class="body">
 534         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
 535 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
 536 complete announcement text can be found at
 537 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
 538 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
 539
 540 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
 541 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
 542 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
 543 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
 544
 545       </div>
 546       <div class="tags">
 547
 548
 549         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 550
 551
 552       </div>
 553     </div>
 554     <div class="padding"></div>
 555
 556     <div class="entry">
 557       <div class="title">
 558         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
 559       </div>
 560       <div class="date">
 561         16th September 2013
 562       </div>
 563       <div class="body">
 564         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 565 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
 566
 567 <blockquote>
 568 <p>Hi,</p>
 569
 570 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
 571 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 572 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
 573
 574 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
 575 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
 576 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
 577 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
 578
 579 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
 580 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
 581
 582 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
 583 compared to beta1:</p>
 584
 585 <ul>
 586
 587 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
 588 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
 589 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
 590 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
 591 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
 592 main server.</li>
 593 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
 594 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
 595 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
 596 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
 597 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
 598
 599 </ul>
 600
 601 <p>Where to get it:</p>
 602
 603 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 604
 605 <ul>
 606 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
 607 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
 608 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
 609 </ul>
 610
 611 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
 612
 613 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
 614 <ul>
 615 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
 616 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
 617 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
 618 </ul>
 619
 620 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
 621
 622 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
 623 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
 624 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
 625 as the other isos.</p>
 626
 627 <p>How to report bugs</p>
 628
 629 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
 630 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 631
 632
 633 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
 634
 635 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
 636 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 637 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 638 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 639 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 640 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 641 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 642 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
 643 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 644 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 645 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 646 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
 647 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 648
 649 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 650 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 651 Squeeze release.</p>
 652
 653 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
 654
 655 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 656 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 657 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 658 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 659 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
 660 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
 661 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
 662 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
 663 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
 664 directory.</p>
 665
 666
 667 <p>cheers,
 668 <br>        Holger</p>
 669 </blockquote>
 670
 671       </div>
 672       <div class="tags">
 673
 674
 675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 676
 677
 678       </div>
 679     </div>
 680     <div class="padding"></div>
 681
 682     <div class="entry">
 683       <div class="title">
 684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 685       </div>
 686       <div class="date">
 687         22nd August 2013
 688       </div>
 689       <div class="body">
 690         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 691 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
 692 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
 693
 694 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
 695
 696 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 697 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 698
 699 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 700
 701 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 702 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 703 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 704 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 705 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 706 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 707 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 708 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
 709 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 710 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 711 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 712 desktop contains
 713 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 714 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 715 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 716 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 717
 718 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
 719 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
 720 release.</p>
 721
 722 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 723 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 724 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
 725 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
 726 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
 727 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
 728 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
 729 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
 730 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
 731 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
 732 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
 733
 734 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 735
 736 <ul>
 737
 738 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
 739     work also without a attached tty.</li>
 740 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
 741     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
 742     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
 743     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
 744     required).</li>
 745
 746 </ul>
 747
 748 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 749
 750 <ul>
 751
 752 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
 753 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
 754 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
 755 stick ISO image.</li>
 756 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
 757 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
 758 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
 759     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
 760     cope with this.</li>
 761 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
 762 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
 763     empty password hashes.</li>
 764 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
 765     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
 766     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
 767
 768 </ul>
 769
 770 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 771
 772 <ul>
 773
 774 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 775     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 776 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
 777     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
 778
 779 </ul>
 780
 781 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 782
 783 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 784
 785 <ul>
 786
 787 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 788
 789 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 790
 791 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
 792
 793 </ul>
 794
 795 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
 796 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
 797
 798 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 799
 800 <ul>
 801
 802 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 803 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 804 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
 805
 806 </ul>
 807
 808 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
 809 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
 810
 811
 812 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 813
 814 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 815
 816       </div>
 817       <div class="tags">
 818
 819
 820         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 821
 822
 823       </div>
 824     </div>
 825     <div class="padding"></div>
 826
 827     <div class="entry">
 828       <div class="title">
 829         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 830       </div>
 831       <div class="date">
 832         27th July 2013
 833       </div>
 834       <div class="body">
 835         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 836 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 837
 838 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
 839 2013-07-27</strong></p>
 840
 841 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 842 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 843
 844 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 845
 846 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 847 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 848 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 849 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 850 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 851 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 852 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 853 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 854 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 855 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 856 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 857 desktop contains
 858 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 859 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 860 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 861 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 862
 863 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 864 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 865 Squeeze release.</p>
 866
 867 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 868 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 869 release.</p>
 870
 871 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 872
 873 <ul>
 874
 875 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
 876    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
 877 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
 878    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
 879    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
 880    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
 881    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
 882 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
 883 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
 884 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
 885    crash bugs.</li>
 886
 887 </ul>
 888
 889 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 890
 891 <ul>
 892
 893 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
 894    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
 895 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
 896    netinst CD.</li>
 897 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
 898    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
 899 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
 900    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
 901    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
 902 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
 903    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
 904    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
 905 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
 906    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
 907    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
 908 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
 909    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
 910 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
 911
 912 </ul>
 913
 914 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 915
 916 <ul>
 917
 918 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
 919 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 920     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 921 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
 922
 923 </ul>
 924
 925 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 926
 927 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 928
 929 <ul>
 930
 931 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 932
 933 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 934
 935 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
 936
 937 </ul>
 938
 939 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
 940 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
 941
 942 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 943
 944 <ul>
 945
 946 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 947 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 948 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
 949
 950 </ul>
 951
 952 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
 953 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
 954
 955
 956 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 957
 958 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 959
 960       </div>
 961       <div class="tags">
 962
 963
 964         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 965
 966
 967       </div>
 968     </div>
 969     <div class="padding"></div>
 970
 971     <div class="entry">
 972       <div class="title">
 973         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
 974       </div>
 975       <div class="date">
 976          9th July 2013
 977       </div>
 978       <div class="body">
 979         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
 980 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
 981 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
 982 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
 983 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 984 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
 985 Bitraf</a>.</p>
 986
 987 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
 988 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
 989 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
 990 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
 991 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
 992
 993       </div>
 994       <div class="tags">
 995
 996
 997         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 998
 999
1000       </div>
1001     </div>
1002     <div class="padding"></div>
1003
1004     <div class="entry">
1005       <div class="title">
1006         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1007       </div>
1008       <div class="date">
1009          3rd July 2013
1010       </div>
1011       <div class="body">
1012         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1013 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1014
1015 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
1016 2013-07-03</strong></p>
1017
1018 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1019 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1020
1021 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1022
1023 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1024 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1025 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1026 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1027 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1028 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1029 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1030 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1031 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1032 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1033 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1034 desktop contains
1035 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1036 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1037 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1038 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1039
1040 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1041 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1042 Squeeze release.</p>
1043
1044 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1045 <ul>
1046   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
1047   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
1048     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
1049     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
1050   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
1051     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
1052     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
1053   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
1054     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
1055     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
1056     too.</li>
1057   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
1058     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
1059 </ul>
1060 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1061 <ul>
1062   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
1063   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
1064   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
1065     up for some language options.</li>
1066   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
1067   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
1068   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
1069     d-i is doing it.</li>
1070   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
1071     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
1072   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
1073     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
1074     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
1075   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
1076     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
1077   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
1078   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
1079     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
1080   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
1081     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
1082 </ul>
1083 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1084 <ul>
1085   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1086     available yet (698840).</li>
1087   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
1088 </ul>
1089 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1090
1091 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1092 <ul>
1093   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1094   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1095   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
1096 </ul>
1097
1098 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
1099 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1100
1101 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1102 <ul>
1103   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1104   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1105   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1106 </ul>
1107
1108 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1109 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1110
1111 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1112
1113 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1114
1115       </div>
1116       <div class="tags">
1117
1118
1119         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1120
1121
1122       </div>
1123     </div>
1124     <div class="padding"></div>
1125
1126     <div class="entry">
1127       <div class="title">
1128         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1129       </div>
1130       <div class="date">
1131         22nd June 2013
1132       </div>
1133       <div class="body">
1134         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1135 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1136 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1137 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1138 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1139 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1140 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1141 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1142 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1143
1144 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1145 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1146 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1147 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1148 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1149 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1150 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1151 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1152 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1153 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1154 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1155 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1156 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1157 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1158
1159 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1160 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1161 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1162 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1163 the problem.</p>
1164
1165 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
1166 please join us on
1167 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1168 irc.debian.org</a> and the
1169 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
1170 list.</p>
1171
1172       </div>
1173       <div class="tags">
1174
1175
1176         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1177
1178
1179       </div>
1180     </div>
1181     <div class="padding"></div>
1182
1183     <div class="entry">
1184       <div class="title">
1185         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
1186       </div>
1187       <div class="date">
1188         17th June 2013
1189       </div>
1190       <div class="body">
1191         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
1192 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
1193 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
1194 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
1195 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
1196 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
1197 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
1198 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
1199
1200 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1201
1202 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
1203 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
1204 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
1205 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
1206 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
1207 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
1208 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
1209 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
1210 field.</p>
1211
1212 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
1213 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
1214 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
1215 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
1216 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
1217 the only one we have in our country.</p>
1218
1219 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1220 project?</strong></p>
1221
1222 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
1223 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
1224 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
1225 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
1226 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
1227 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
1228 ways to contribute.</p>
1229
1230 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
1231 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
1232 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
1233 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
1234 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
1235 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
1236 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
1237 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
1238 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
1239 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
1240
1241 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
1242 Edu?</strong></p>
1243
1244 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
1245 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
1246 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
1247 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
1248 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
1249 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
1250 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
1251 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
1252
1253 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
1254 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
1255 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
1256 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
1257 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
1258 project.</p>
1259
1260 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1261 Edu?</strong></p>
1262
1263 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
1264 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
1265 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
1266 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
1267 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
1268 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
1269 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
1270 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
1271 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
1272
1273 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
1274 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
1275 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
1276 on.</p>
1277
1278 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1279
1280 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
1281 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
1282 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
1283 Enlightenment project a lot!),
1284 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
1285 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
1286 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
1287 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
1288 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
1289
1290 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1291 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1292
1293 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
1294 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
1295 that:</p>
1296
1297 <ul>
1298
1299 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
1300
1301 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
1302     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
1303     of teenagers more?</li>
1304
1305 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
1306     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
1307     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
1308     them!)</li>
1309
1310 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
1311     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
1312     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
1313
1314 </ul>
1315
1316 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
1317 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
1318 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
1319 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
1320 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
1321
1322       </div>
1323       <div class="tags">
1324
1325
1326         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1327
1328
1329       </div>
1330     </div>
1331     <div class="padding"></div>
1332
1333     <div class="entry">
1334       <div class="title">
1335         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
1336       </div>
1337       <div class="date">
1338         12th June 2013
1339       </div>
1340       <div class="body">
1341         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
1342 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1343 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
1344 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
1345 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
1346 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
1347
1348 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1349
1350 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
1351 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
1352 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
1353
1354 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
1355 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
1356 each other.</p>
1357
1358 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1359 project?</strong></p>
1360
1361 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
1362 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
1363 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
1364 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
1365 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
1366 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
1367 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
1368 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
1369 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
1370 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
1371 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
1372 we'll get there one day.</p>
1373
1374 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1375 Edu?</strong></p>
1376
1377 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
1378 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
1379 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
1380 very high quality work.</p>
1381
1382 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
1383 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
1384 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
1385 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
1386 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
1387
1388 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1389 Edu?</strong></p>
1390
1391 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
1392 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
1393 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
1394
1395 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
1396 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
1397 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
1398 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
1399 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
1400 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
1401 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
1402 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
1403 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
1404 currently.</p>
1405
1406 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
1407 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
1408 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
1409 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
1410 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
1411 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
1412 autonomous.</p>
1413
1414 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1415
1416 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
1417 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
1418 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
1419 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
1420 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
1421
1422 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
1423 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
1424 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
1425 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
1426 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
1427 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
1428 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
1429 X.</p>
1430
1431 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
1432 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
1433 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
1434 it :p)
1435
1436 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1437 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1438
1439 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
1440 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
1441 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
1442 that.</p>
1443
1444 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
1445 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
1446 advantage of that.</p>
1447
1448 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
1449 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
1450 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
1451 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
1452 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
1453 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
1454 best solution for them.</p>
1455
1456 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
1457 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
1458 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
1459
1460       </div>
1461       <div class="tags">
1462
1463
1464         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1465
1466
1467       </div>
1468     </div>
1469     <div class="padding"></div>
1470
1471     <div class="entry">
1472       <div class="title">
1473         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1474       </div>
1475       <div class="date">
1476         10th June 2013
1477       </div>
1478       <div class="body">
1479         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1480 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1481
1482 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
1483 2013-06-10</strong></p>
1484
1485 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
1486 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1487
1488 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1489
1490 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1491 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1492 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1493 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1494 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1495 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1496 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1497 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1498 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1499 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1500 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1501 desktop contains
1502 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1503 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1504 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1505 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1506
1507 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1508 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1509 Squeeze release.</p>
1510
1511 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1512
1513 <ul>
1514
1515 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
1516 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
1517 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
1518 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
1519 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
1520
1521 </ul>
1522
1523 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1524
1525 <ul>
1526
1527 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
1528 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
1529 <li>New Romanian translation.
1530 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
1531 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
1532 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
1533 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
1534 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
1535 <li>More testsuite tests.
1536 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
1537 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
1538
1539 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
1540 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
1541
1542 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
1543 them up with GOsa².</li>
1544
1545 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
1546
1547 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
1548 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
1549 entered password). </li>
1550
1551 </ul>
1552
1553 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1554
1555 <ul>
1556
1557 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
1558
1559 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1560 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
1561 missing import feature).</li>
1562
1563 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
1564
1565 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
1566 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
1567 unfixed.</li>
1568
1569 </ul>
1570
1571 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1572
1573 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1574
1575 <ul>
1576
1577 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
1578
1579 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
1580
1581 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
1582
1583 </ul>
1584
1585 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
1586 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
1587
1588 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1589
1590 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1591
1592       </div>
1593       <div class="tags">
1594
1595
1596         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1597
1598
1599       </div>
1600     </div>
1601     <div class="padding"></div>
1602
1603     <div class="entry">
1604       <div class="title">
1605         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
1606       </div>
1607       <div class="date">
1608          5th June 2013
1609       </div>
1610       <div class="body">
1611         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
1612 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
1613 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
1614 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
1615 the project:
1616
1617 <ol>
1618
1619 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
1620   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
1621   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
1622   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
1623   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
1624
1625 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
1626   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
1627   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
1628   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
1629   #698840</a>.</li>
1630
1631 </ol>
1632
1633 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
1634 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1635 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
1636
1637       </div>
1638       <div class="tags">
1639
1640
1641         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1642
1643
1644       </div>
1645     </div>
1646     <div class="padding"></div>
1647
1648     <div class="entry">
1649       <div class="title">
1650         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
1651       </div>
1652       <div class="date">
1653          4th June 2013
1654       </div>
1655       <div class="body">
1656         <p>It has been a while since my last English
1657 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1658 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
1659 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
1660 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
1661 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
1662
1663 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1664
1665 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
1666 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
1667 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
1668 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
1669
1670 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
1671 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
1672 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
1673
1674 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1675 project?</strong></p>
1676
1677 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
1678 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
1679 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
1680 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
1681 manual.
1682
1683 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
1684 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
1685 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
1686 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
1687
1688 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
1689 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
1690 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
1691 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
1692 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
1693 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
1694 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
1695 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
1696 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
1697 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
1698
1699 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
1700 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
1701 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
1702 beautiful project.</p>
1703
1704 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1705 Edu?</strong></p>
1706
1707 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
1708 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
1709 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
1710
1711 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
1712 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
1713 of educational free software.</p>
1714
1715 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1716 Edu?</strong></p>
1717
1718 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
1719 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
1720 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
1721 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
1722 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
1723
1724 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
1725 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
1726 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
1727 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
1728 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
1729 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
1730 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
1731 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
1732
1733 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1734
1735 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
1736 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
1737 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
1738 also using the mathematical software
1739 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
1740 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
1741 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
1742
1743 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
1744 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
1745 statistics?</strong></p>
1746
1747 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
1748 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
1749 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
1750 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
1751
1752 <ul>
1753
1754 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
1755 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
1756 constructions in planar geometry
1757
1758 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
1759 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
1760 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
1761
1762 </ul>
1763
1764 <p>I like also
1765 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
1766 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
1767 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
1768
1769 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1770 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1771
1772 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
1773
1774 <ul>
1775
1776 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
1777
1778 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
1779     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
1780     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
1781
1782 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
1783
1784 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
1785     system.</li>
1786
1787 </ul>
1788
1789       </div>
1790       <div class="tags">
1791
1792
1793         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1794
1795
1796       </div>
1797     </div>
1798     <div class="padding"></div>
1799
1800     <div class="entry">
1801       <div class="title">
1802         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
1803       </div>
1804       <div class="date">
1805          1st June 2013
1806       </div>
1807       <div class="body">
1808         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1809 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
1810 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
1811 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
1812 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
1813 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
1814 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
1815 program.</p>
1816
1817 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
1818
1819 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
1820 <p>
1821 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
1822 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1823 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
1824 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
1825 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1826 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
1827 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
1828 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
1829 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
1830 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
1831 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
1832 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
1833 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
1834 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
1835 </p>
1836
1837 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
1838 <p>
1839 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
1840 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
1841 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
1842 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
1843 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
1844 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1845 </p>
1846
1847 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
1848 <p>
1849 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1850 </p>
1851
1852 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
1853 <p>
1854 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
1855 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
1856 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
1857 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
1858 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
1859 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
1860 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
1861 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
1862 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1863 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
1864 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
1865 </p>
1866
1867 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
1868 <p>
1869 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1870 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
1871 </p>
1872
1873 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
1874 <p>
1875 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
1876 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
1877 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1878 </p>
1879
1880 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
1881 <p>
1882 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1883 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
1884 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
1885 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
1886 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
1887 </p>
1888
1889 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
1890 <p>
1891 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1892 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
1893 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1894 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
1895 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
1896 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
1897 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
1898 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
1899 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
1900 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
1901 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
1902 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
1903 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
1904 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
1905 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
1906 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
1907 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
1908 </p>
1909
1910 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
1911 <p>
1912 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1913 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
1914 </p>
1915
1916 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
1917 <p>
1918 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
1919 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
1920 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1921 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1922 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
1923 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
1924 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
1925 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
1926 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
1927 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
1928 </p>
1929
1930 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
1931 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
1932 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
1933 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
1934 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
1935 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
1936 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
1937
1938       </div>
1939       <div class="tags">
1940
1941
1942         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1943
1944
1945       </div>
1946     </div>
1947     <div class="padding"></div>
1948
1949     <div class="entry">
1950       <div class="title">
1951         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
1952       </div>
1953       <div class="date">
1954         24th May 2013
1955       </div>
1956       <div class="body">
1957         <p>En ting
1958 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
1959 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
1960 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
1961 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
1962 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
1963 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
1964 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
1965 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
1966 om et intervju.</p>
1967
1968 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1969
1970 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
1971 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
1972 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
1973 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
1974 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
1975 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
1976 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
1977 av store systemer.</p>
1978
1979 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1980
1981 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
1982 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
1983 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
1984 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
1985 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
1986 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
1987 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
1988 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
1989 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
1990 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
1991 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
1992 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
1993 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
1994 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
1995 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
1996 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
1997 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
1998 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
1999 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
2000 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
2001 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
2002 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
2003 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
2004 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
2005 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
2006 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
2007 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
2008 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
2009 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
2010 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
2011
2012 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
2013 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
2014 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
2015 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
2016 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
2017
2018 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
2019 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
2020 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
2021 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
2022 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
2023 dette.</p>
2024
2025 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2026
2027 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
2028 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
2029 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
2030 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
2031 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
2032 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
2033 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
2034 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
2035 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
2036 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
2037
2038 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2039
2040 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
2041 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
2042 like stor grad som for eksempel
2043 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
2044 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
2045 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
2046 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
2047 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
2048
2049 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2050
2051 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
2052 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
2053 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
2054 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
2055 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
2056 scripts.</p>
2057
2058 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2059 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2060
2061 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
2062 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
2063 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
2064 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
2065 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
2066 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
2067 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
2068 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
2069 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
2070 betraktelig.</p>
2071
2072       </div>
2073       <div class="tags">
2074
2075
2076         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2077
2078
2079       </div>
2080     </div>
2081     <div class="padding"></div>
2082
2083     <div class="entry">
2084       <div class="title">
2085         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
2086       </div>
2087       <div class="date">
2088         17th May 2013
2089       </div>
2090       <div class="body">
2091         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
2092 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
2093 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
2094 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
2095 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
2096 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
2097 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
2098 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
2099 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2100 donate some money</a>.
2101
2102 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2103 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2104 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2105 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2106 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2107
2108 <p>The script,
2109 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2110 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2111 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2112 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2113
2114 <ol>
2115
2116 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2117 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2118 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2119     our configuration.</li>
2120 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2121     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2122     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2123     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2124 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2125     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2126 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2127
2128 </ol>
2129
2130 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2131 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2132 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2133 the needed packages.</p>
2134
2135 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2136 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2137 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2138 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2139 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2140 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2141
2142 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2143 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2144 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2145
2146 <p><pre>
2147 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2148 DESKTOP="lxde"
2149 </pre></p>
2150
2151 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2152 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2153 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2154 boot.</p>
2155
2156       </div>
2157       <div class="tags">
2158
2159
2160         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2161
2162
2163       </div>
2164     </div>
2165     <div class="padding"></div>
2166
2167     <div class="entry">
2168       <div class="title">
2169         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2170       </div>
2171       <div class="date">
2172         14th May 2013
2173       </div>
2174       <div class="body">
2175         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2176 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
2177 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2178
2179 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
2180 2013-05-14</strong></p>
2181
2182 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2183 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
2184 codename "Wheezy".</p>
2185
2186 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2187
2188 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
2189 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
2190 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
2191 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
2192 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
2193 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
2194 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
2195 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
2196
2197 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2198 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2199 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2200
2201 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2202 <ul>
2203   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
2204     default.</li>
2205   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
2206   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
2207   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
2208     ibus-anthy.</li>
2209 </ul>
2210
2211 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2212 <ul>
2213
2214   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
2215     reliability improvements.</li>
2216   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
2217     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
2218   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
2219     problems.</li>
2220   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
2221     direct:// URL.</li>
2222   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
2223   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
2224   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
2225   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
2226     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
2227   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
2228     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
2229 </ul>
2230
2231 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2232 <ul>
2233
2234   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
2235     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
2236     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
2237   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
2238   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2239     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
2240   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
2241   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
2242   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
2243     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
2244   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
2245     password submission problem
2246     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
2247
2248 </ul>
2249
2250 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2251
2252 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2253 <ul>
2254
2255   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2256   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
2257   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
2258
2259 </ul>
2260
2261 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
2262
2263 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
2264
2265 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2266
2267 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2268
2269       </div>
2270       <div class="tags">
2271
2272
2273         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2274
2275
2276       </div>
2277     </div>
2278     <div class="padding"></div>
2279
2280     <div class="entry">
2281       <div class="title">
2282         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
2283       </div>
2284       <div class="date">
2285         10th May 2013
2286       </div>
2287       <div class="body">
2288         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
2289 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
2290 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
2291 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
2292 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
2293 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
2294 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
2295 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
2296 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
2297 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
2298 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
2299 der jeg fant notatet som
2300 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
2301 2013/1023</a>.</p>
2302
2303 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
2304 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
2305 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
2306 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
2307 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
2308
2309       </div>
2310       <div class="tags">
2311
2312
2313         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2314
2315
2316       </div>
2317     </div>
2318     <div class="padding"></div>
2319
2320     <div class="entry">
2321       <div class="title">
2322         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
2323       </div>
2324       <div class="date">
2325          5th May 2013
2326       </div>
2327       <div class="body">
2328         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
2329 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
2330 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
2331 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
2332 soon.</p>
2333
2334 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
2335 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
2336 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
2337 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
2338 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
2339 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
2340 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
2341 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
2342 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
2343 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
2344 Edu.</a>
2345
2346 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
2347 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
2348 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
2349 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
2350 follow.<p>
2351
2352       </div>
2353       <div class="tags">
2354
2355
2356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2357
2358
2359       </div>
2360     </div>
2361     <div class="padding"></div>
2362
2363     <div class="entry">
2364       <div class="title">
2365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2366       </div>
2367       <div class="date">
2368         26th April 2013
2369       </div>
2370       <div class="body">
2371         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
2372 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
2373 announcement:</p>
2374
2375 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
2376 2013-04-26</strong></p>
2377
2378 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
2379 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2380
2381 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2382
2383 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2384 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2385 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2386 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
2387 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2388 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2389 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2390 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2391 installed via the network.</p>
2392
2393 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
2394 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
2395 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
2396
2397 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2398
2399 <ul>
2400 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
2401   <ul>
2402      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
2403      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
2404          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
2405          manual.)</li>
2406      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
2407      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
2408      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
2409      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
2410      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
2411      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
2412      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
2413      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
2414      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
2415      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
2416      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
2417      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
2418          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
2419          manual</a> for more details.</li>
2420      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
2421          installation.</li>
2422      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
2423          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
2424   </ul></li>
2425 </ul>
2426
2427 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
2428 <ul>
2429 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
2430     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
2431     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
2432 </ul>
2433
2434 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
2435 <ul>
2436 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
2437     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
2438     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
2439 </ul>
2440
2441 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2442 <ul>
2443 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
2444     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
2445     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
2446 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
2447     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
2448     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
2449 </ul>
2450
2451 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
2452 <ul>
2453 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
2454     yet.</li>
2455 </ul>
2456
2457 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
2458
2459 <ul>
2460 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
2461     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
2462     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
2463 </ul>
2464
2465 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2466
2467 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
2468 <ul>
2469 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
2470 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
2471 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
2472 </ul>
2473
2474 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
2475
2476 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
2477
2478 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2479
2480 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2481
2482       </div>
2483       <div class="tags">
2484
2485
2486         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2487
2488
2489       </div>
2490     </div>
2491     <div class="padding"></div>
2492
2493     <div class="entry">
2494       <div class="title">
2495         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
2496       </div>
2497       <div class="date">
2498         16th April 2013
2499       </div>
2500       <div class="body">
2501         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
2502 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
2503 Details about the gathering can be found
2504 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
2505 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
2506 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
2507 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
2508 weekend.</p>
2509
2510 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
2511 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
2512 Edu release.</p>
2513
2514 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
2515
2516       </div>
2517       <div class="tags">
2518
2519
2520         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2521
2522
2523       </div>
2524     </div>
2525     <div class="padding"></div>
2526
2527     <div class="entry">
2528       <div class="title">
2529         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
2530       </div>
2531       <div class="date">
2532         17th March 2013
2533       </div>
2534       <div class="body">
2535         <p>Via
2536 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
2537 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
2538 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
2539 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
2540 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
2541 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
2542 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
2543
2544 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
2545 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
2546
2547 <blockquote>
2548 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
2549 </blockquote>
2550
2551 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
2552
2553 <blockquote>
2554 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
2555 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
2556 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
2557 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
2558 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
2559 </blockquote>
2560
2561 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
2562 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
2563 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
2564 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
2565
2566 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
2567 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
2568
2569 <blockquote>
2570 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
2571 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
2572 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
2573 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
2574 </blockquote>
2575
2576 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
2577 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
2578 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
2579 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
2580 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
2581
2582 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
2583 embedding:</p>
2584
2585 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
2586
2587       </div>
2588       <div class="tags">
2589
2590
2591         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
2592
2593
2594       </div>
2595     </div>
2596     <div class="padding"></div>
2597
2598     <div class="entry">
2599       <div class="title">
2600         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
2601       </div>
2602       <div class="date">
2603          8th March 2013
2604       </div>
2605       <div class="body">
2606         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
2607 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2608 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
2609 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
2610 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
2611 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
2612 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
2613
2614 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
2615
2616 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
2617 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
2618
2619 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
2620 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
2621 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
2622 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
2623 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
2624 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
2625
2626 <p>Images are available for download at
2627 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
2628
2629 <p>md5sums:
2630 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
2631 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
2632 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
2633
2634 <p>sha1sums:
2635 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
2636 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
2637 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
2638
2639 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
2640
2641 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
2642 2013-03-03:</p>
2643
2644 <ul>
2645   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
2646   <ul>
2647         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
2648         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
2649   </ul></li>
2650   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
2651   <ul>
2652         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
2653         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
2654   </ul></li>
2655   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
2656      <ul>
2657         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
2658         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
2659         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
2660                 Closes: #664596</li>
2661         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
2662                 Closes: #664976</li>
2663         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
2664            <ul>
2665                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
2666                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
2667            </ul></li>
2668         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
2669            <ul>
2670                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
2671                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
2672                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
2673                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
2674                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
2675            </ul></li>
2676         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
2677     </ul>
2678   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
2679     <ul>
2680         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
2681     </ul></li>
2682 </ul>
2683
2684 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
2685 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
2686 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
2687 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
2688
2689 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
2690 mailinglist
2691 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
2692 </p></blockquote>
2693
2694 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
2695
2696       </div>
2697       <div class="tags">
2698
2699
2700         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2701
2702
2703       </div>
2704     </div>
2705     <div class="padding"></div>
2706
2707     <div class="entry">
2708       <div class="title">
2709         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
2710       </div>
2711       <div class="date">
2712         22nd February 2013
2713       </div>
2714       <div class="body">
2715         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
2716 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
2717 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
2718 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
2719 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
2720
2721 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2722
2723 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
2724 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
2725 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
2726 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
2727 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
2728 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
2729 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
2730 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
2731 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
2732 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
2733 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
2734 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
2735 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
2736
2737 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2738
2739 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
2740 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
2741 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
2742 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
2743
2744 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2745
2746 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
2747 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
2748 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
2749 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
2750 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
2751 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
2752 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
2753 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
2754
2755 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2756
2757 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
2758 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
2759 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
2760 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
2761 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
2762 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
2763 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
2764
2765 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2766
2767 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
2768 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
2769 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
2770
2771 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2772 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2773
2774 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
2775 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
2776 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
2777 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
2778 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
2779 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
2780 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
2781 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
2782 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
2783 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
2784 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
2785 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
2786 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
2787 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
2788 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
2789
2790 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
2791 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
2792 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
2793
2794       </div>
2795       <div class="tags">
2796
2797
2798         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2799
2800
2801       </div>
2802     </div>
2803     <div class="padding"></div>
2804
2805     <div class="entry">
2806       <div class="title">
2807         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2808       </div>
2809       <div class="date">
2810         28th December 2012
2811       </div>
2812       <div class="body">
2813         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
2814 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2815 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
2816 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
2817 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
2818 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
2819 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
2820 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
2821 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
2822 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
2823 followed by many others. :)</p>
2824
2825 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
2826 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
2827 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
2828 you want to donate to the project.</p>
2829
2830       </div>
2831       <div class="tags">
2832
2833
2834         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2835
2836
2837       </div>
2838     </div>
2839     <div class="padding"></div>
2840
2841     <div class="entry">
2842       <div class="title">
2843         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
2844       </div>
2845       <div class="date">
2846         18th December 2012
2847       </div>
2848       <div class="body">
2849         <p>A few days ago I came across
2850 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
2851 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
2852 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
2853 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
2854 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
2855 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
2856 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
2857 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
2858 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
2859
2860 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
2861 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
2862 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
2863 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
2864
2865 <blockquote><pre>
2866 2004-05-27 Book Store
2867       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
2868       Liabilities:Visa
2869 </pre></blockquote>
2870
2871 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
2872 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
2873 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
2874 Spang</a>,
2875 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
2876 Keen</a>,
2877 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
2878 Cantino</a> and
2879 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
2880 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
2881 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
2882 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
2883 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
2884
2885 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
2886 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
2887 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
2888 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
2889 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
2890
2891 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
2892 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
2893 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
2894 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
2895 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
2896 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
2897 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
2898 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
2899 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
2900
2901       </div>
2902       <div class="tags">
2903
2904
2905         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2906
2907
2908       </div>
2909     </div>
2910     <div class="padding"></div>
2911
2912     <div class="entry">
2913       <div class="title">
2914         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
2915       </div>
2916       <div class="date">
2917         14th November 2012
2918       </div>
2919       <div class="body">
2920         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
2921 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2922 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
2923 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
2924 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
2925 the people behind the German
2926 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
2927 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
2928 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
2929
2930 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2931
2932 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
2933 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
2934 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
2935
2936 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
2937 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
2938 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
2939 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
2940 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
2941 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
2942
2943 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
2944 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
2945 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
2946 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
2947 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
2948 relationship management and the communication processes in the
2949 project.</p>
2950
2951 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
2952 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
2953 and a yoga teacher.</p>
2954
2955 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2956 project?</strong></p>
2957
2958 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
2959
2960 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
2961 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
2962 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
2963 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
2964 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
2965 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
2966 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
2967 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
2968 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
2969 parents.</p>
2970
2971 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
2972 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
2973 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
2974 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
2975 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
2976 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
2977 Germany.</p>
2978
2979 <p>For information about our school project you can read
2980 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
2981 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
2982
2983 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2984 Edu?</strong></p>
2985
2986 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
2987 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
2988
2989 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
2990 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
2991 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
2992 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
2993 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
2994 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
2995 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
2996 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
2997 teachers, parents...</p>
2998
2999 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3000 Edu?</strong></p>
3001
3002 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
3003 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3004
3005 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
3006 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
3007 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
3008 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
3009 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3010
3011 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
3012 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
3013 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
3014 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
3015 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
3016 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
3017 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3018
3019 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3020
3021 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
3022 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
3023 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
3024 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
3025
3026 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3027 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3028
3029 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
3030 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
3031 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
3032 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
3033 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
3034
3035 <ul>
3036
3037 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
3038 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
3039 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
3040
3041 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
3042 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
3043 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
3044 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
3045 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
3046 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
3047 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
3048
3049 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
3050 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
3051 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
3052 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
3053
3054 </ul>
3055
3056       </div>
3057       <div class="tags">
3058
3059
3060         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3061
3062
3063       </div>
3064     </div>
3065     <div class="padding"></div>
3066
3067     <div class="entry">
3068       <div class="title">
3069         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
3070       </div>
3071       <div class="date">
3072         14th October 2012
3073       </div>
3074       <div class="body">
3075         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
3076 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
3077 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
3078 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
3079 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
3080
3081 <blockquote>
3082 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
3083 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
3084
3085 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
3086
3087 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
3088 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
3089 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
3090 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
3091 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
3092 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
3093 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
3094
3095 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
3096 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
3097 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
3098 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
3099 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3100 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3101 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3102 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3103 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3104
3105 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3106 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3107 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3108 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3109 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3110 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3111 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3112 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3113
3114 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3115 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3116 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3117
3118 <p>Referanser:</p>
3119
3120 <ul>
3121
3122 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3123 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3124
3125 </ul>
3126
3127 </blockquote>
3128
3129 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3130 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3131
3132       </div>
3133       <div class="tags">
3134
3135
3136         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3137
3138
3139       </div>
3140     </div>
3141     <div class="padding"></div>
3142
3143     <div class="entry">
3144       <div class="title">
3145         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3146       </div>
3147       <div class="date">
3148         13th October 2012
3149       </div>
3150       <div class="body">
3151         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3152 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3153 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3154 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3155 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3156 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3157
3158 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3159 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3160 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3161 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3162 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3163 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
3164 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
3165 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
3166
3167 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
3168 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
3169
3170 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
3171 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
3172 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
3173 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
3174 krav!</p>
3175
3176       </div>
3177       <div class="tags">
3178
3179
3180         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3181
3182
3183       </div>
3184     </div>
3185     <div class="padding"></div>
3186
3187     <div class="entry">
3188       <div class="title">
3189         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
3190       </div>
3191       <div class="date">
3192          2nd October 2012
3193       </div>
3194       <div class="body">
3195         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
3196 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
3197 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
3198 det vi sendte ut:</p>
3199
3200 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
3201
3202 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
3203 synonymordliste</strong></p>
3204
3205 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
3206 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
3207 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
3208
3209 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
3210 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
3211 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
3212 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
3213 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
3214 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
3215 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
3216
3217 <p><blockquote>
3218  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
3219    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
3220    Petter Reinholdtsen.
3221 </blockquote></p>
3222
3223 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
3224 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
3225 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
3226 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
3227
3228 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
3229 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
3230 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
3231 BSD.</p>
3232
3233 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
3234 fra prosjektsidene på
3235 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
3236 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
3237
3238 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
3239 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
3240 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
3241 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
3242 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
3243 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
3244
3245 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
3246 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
3247 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
3248 også svært velkomne.</p>
3249
3250 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
3251
3252 <p><blockquote>
3253 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
3254 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
3255 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
3256 </blockquote></p>
3257
3258 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
3259
3260 <ul>
3261
3262 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
3263     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
3264 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
3265     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
3266 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
3267     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
3268 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
3269     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
3270     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
3271 </ul>
3272
3273 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
3274
3275 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
3276
3277 <ul>
3278
3279 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
3280     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
3281 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
3282     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
3283 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
3284     control where to install these.</li>
3285 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
3286     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
3287 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
3288     updated script.</li>
3289 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
3290 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
3291     allowing words like e-post.</li>
3292 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
3293     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
3294 </ul>
3295
3296       </div>
3297       <div class="tags">
3298
3299
3300         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
3301
3302
3303       </div>
3304     </div>
3305     <div class="padding"></div>
3306
3307     <div class="entry">
3308       <div class="title">
3309         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
3310       </div>
3311       <div class="date">
3312         17th September 2012
3313       </div>
3314       <div class="body">
3315         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
3316 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3317 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
3318 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
3319 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
3320 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
3321 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
3322
3323 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3324
3325 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
3326 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
3327 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
3328 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
3329 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
3330 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
3331 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
3332 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
3333 training is anyway very important</p>
3334
3335 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
3336 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
3337 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
3338 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
3339 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
3340
3341 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3342 project?</strong></p>
3343
3344 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
3345 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
3346 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
3347 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
3348 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
3349 hole.</p>
3350
3351 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3352 Edu?</strong></p>
3353
3354 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
3355 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
3356 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
3357 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
3358 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
3359 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
3360 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
3361 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
3362 hassle.</p>
3363
3364 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3365 Edu?</strong></p>
3366
3367 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
3368 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
3369 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
3370 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
3371 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
3372 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
3373 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
3374 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
3375
3376 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3377
3378 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
3379 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
3380 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
3381 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
3382 has the same...</p>
3383
3384 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
3385 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
3386 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
3387 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
3388
3389 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3390 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3391
3392 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
3393 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
3394 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
3395
3396 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
3397 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
3398 don't.</p>
3399
3400 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
3401 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
3402 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
3403 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
3404 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
3405 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
3406 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
3407
3408       </div>
3409       <div class="tags">
3410
3411
3412         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3413
3414
3415       </div>
3416     </div>
3417     <div class="padding"></div>
3418
3419     <div class="entry">
3420       <div class="title">
3421         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
3422       </div>
3423       <div class="date">
3424         15th August 2012
3425       </div>
3426       <div class="body">
3427         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
3428 et flott oppslag om bruken av
3429 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
3430 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
3431 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
3432 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
3433 vært vellykket.</p>
3434
3435 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
3436 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
3437 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
3438 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
3439
3440 <blockquote>
3441 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
3442   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
3443   Fedreheim."
3444 </blockquote>
3445
3446 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
3447 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
3448 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
3449
3450 <blockquote>
3451
3452 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
3453 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
3454 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
3455 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
3456 i nord."
3457
3458 </blockquote>
3459
3460 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
3461
3462 <blockquote>
3463 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
3464   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
3465   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
3466   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
3467 </blockquote>
3468
3469 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
3470 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
3471 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
3472 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
3473 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
3474 via
3475 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
3476
3477 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
3478 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
3479 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
3480 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
3481
3482       </div>
3483       <div class="tags">
3484
3485
3486         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3487
3488
3489       </div>
3490     </div>
3491     <div class="padding"></div>
3492
3493     <div class="entry">
3494       <div class="title">
3495         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
3496       </div>
3497       <div class="date">
3498         19th July 2012
3499       </div>
3500       <div class="body">
3501         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
3502 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
3503 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
3504 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
3505
3506 <p><blockquote>
3507 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
3508 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
3509 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
3510 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
3511 medlemsforeningen
3512 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
3513 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
3514 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
3515 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
3516 epostlisten
3517 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
3518 (og debian-edu-announce) og
3519 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
3520 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
3521 planlegges
3522 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
3523 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
3524
3525 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
3526 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
3527
3528 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
3529 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
3530 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
3531 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
3532 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
3533
3534 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
3535 å finne...</p>
3536 </blockquote></p>
3537 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
3538
3539       </div>
3540       <div class="tags">
3541
3542
3543         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3544
3545
3546       </div>
3547     </div>
3548     <div class="padding"></div>
3549
3550     <div class="entry">
3551       <div class="title">
3552         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
3553       </div>
3554       <div class="date">
3555          9th July 2012
3556       </div>
3557       <div class="body">
3558         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3559 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
3560 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
3561 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
3562 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
3563 to adjust and scale the just released
3564 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3565 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
3566 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
3567
3568 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3569
3570 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
3571 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
3572 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
3573 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
3574 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
3575 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
3576 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
3577 perspective when working with IT.</p>
3578
3579 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3580 project?</strong></p>
3581
3582 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
3583 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
3584 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
3585 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
3586 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
3587 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
3588
3589 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3590 Edu?</strong></p>
3591
3592 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
3593 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
3594 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
3595 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
3596 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
3597 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
3598 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
3599 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
3600 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
3601 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
3602 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
3603 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
3604 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
3605 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
3606 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
3607 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
3608 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
3609 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
3610 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
3611 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
3612 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
3613 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
3614 quicker to update.
3615
3616 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3617 Edu?</strong></p>
3618
3619 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
3620 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
3621 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
3622 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
3623 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
3624 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
3625
3626 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
3627 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
3628 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
3629 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
3630 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
3631 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
3632 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
3633 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
3634 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
3635 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
3636 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
3637 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
3638 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
3639 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
3640 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
3641
3642 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
3643 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
3644 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
3645 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
3646 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
3647 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
3648 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
3649 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
3650
3651 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
3652 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
3653 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
3654 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
3655 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
3656 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
3657 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
3658 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
3659 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
3660 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
3661 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
3662 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
3663 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
3664 sound file.</p>
3665
3666 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
3667 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
3668 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
3669 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
3670 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
3671 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
3672 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
3673 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
3674 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
3675
3676 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3677
3678 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
3679 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
3680 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
3681 )</p>
3682
3683 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3684 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3685
3686 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
3687 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
3688 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
3689 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
3690 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
3691 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
3692 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
3693 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
3694 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
3695 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
3696 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
3697 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
3698 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
3699 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
3700 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
3701
3702 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
3703 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
3704 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
3705 management with Airtime</a>,
3706 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
3707 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
3708 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
3709 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
3710 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
3711
3712       </div>
3713       <div class="tags">
3714
3715
3716         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3717
3718
3719       </div>
3720     </div>
3721     <div class="padding"></div>
3722
3723     <div class="entry">
3724       <div class="title">
3725         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
3726       </div>
3727       <div class="date">
3728          8th July 2012
3729       </div>
3730       <div class="body">
3731         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
3732 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
3733 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
3734 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
3735 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
3736 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
3737 Steinberg in his blog post
3738 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
3739 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
3740 spending of your tax money.</p>
3741
3742 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
3743 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
3744 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
3745 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
3746 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
3747 purchases.</p>
3748
3749       </div>
3750       <div class="tags">
3751
3752
3753         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3754
3755
3756       </div>
3757     </div>
3758     <div class="padding"></div>
3759
3760     <div class="entry">
3761       <div class="title">
3762         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
3763       </div>
3764       <div class="date">
3765          7th July 2012
3766       </div>
3767       <div class="body">
3768         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3769 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
3770 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
3771 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
3772 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
3773 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
3774 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
3775 receive.  The software is
3776
3777 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
3778 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
3779 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
3780 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
3781 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
3782 Windows</a>.</p>
3783
3784 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
3785 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
3786
3787 <p><ul>
3788
3789   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
3790     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
3791
3792   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
3793     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
3794     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
3795     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
3796     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
3797     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
3798     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
3799     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
3800     </li>
3801
3802   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
3803     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
3804
3805   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
3806     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
3807
3808   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
3809     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
3810
3811   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
3812
3813   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
3814     formats </li>
3815
3816   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
3817     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
3818     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
3819     (as separate sets)</li>
3820
3821   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
3822     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
3823     percentage)</li>
3824
3825   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
3826     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
3827     memory):
3828     <ul>
3829       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
3830       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
3831       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
3832       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
3833       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
3834       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
3835       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
3836       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
3837       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
3838       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
3839           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
3840           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
3841           activity)</li>
3842       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
3843       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
3844     </ul></li>
3845
3846   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
3847     <ul>
3848       <li>Break periods</li>
3849       <li>For teacher(s):
3850         <ul>
3851           <li>Not available periods</li>
3852           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
3853           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3854           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3855           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3856           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3857
3858           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3859             days per week</li>
3860         </ul></li>
3861       <li>For students (sets):
3862         <ul>
3863           <li>Not available periods</li>
3864           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
3865           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3866           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3867           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3868           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3869
3870           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3871             days per week</li>
3872         </ul></li>
3873       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
3874         <ul>
3875           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
3876           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
3877           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
3878           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
3879           <li>End(s) students day</li>
3880           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
3881           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
3882             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
3883           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
3884           <li>Not overlapping</li>
3885           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
3886           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
3887         </ul></li>
3888     </ul></li>
3889
3890   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
3891     <ul>
3892       <li>Room not available periods</li>
3893       <li>For teacher(s):
3894         <ul>
3895           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3896           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3897           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3898         </ul>
3899       </li>
3900
3901       <li>For students (sets):
3902         <ul>
3903           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3904           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3905           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3906         </ul>
3907       </li>
3908       <li>Preferred room(s):
3909         <ul>
3910           <li>For a subject</li>
3911           <li>For an activity tag</li>
3912           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
3913           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
3914         </ul>
3915       </li>
3916
3917       <li>For a set of activities:
3918         <ul>
3919           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
3920         </ul>
3921       </li>
3922     </ul>
3923   </li>
3924 </ul></p>
3925
3926 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
3927 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
3928 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
3929 manually, check it out.
3930
3931 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
3932 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
3933 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
3934 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
3935 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
3936 section</a>.</p>
3937
3938       </div>
3939       <div class="tags">
3940
3941
3942         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3943
3944
3945       </div>
3946     </div>
3947     <div class="padding"></div>
3948
3949     <div class="entry">
3950       <div class="title">
3951         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
3952       </div>
3953       <div class="date">
3954         30th June 2012
3955       </div>
3956       <div class="body">
3957         <p>Tidligere leder av
3958 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
3959 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
3960 i media og
3961 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
3962 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
3963 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
3964 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
3965 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
3966 noen måneder etter at
3967 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
3968 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
3969
3970 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3971
3972 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
3973 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
3974 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
3975 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
3976 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
3977 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
3978
3979 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3980
3981 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
3982 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
3983 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
3984 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
3985 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
3986 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
3987 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
3988 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
3989 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
3990 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
3991 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
3992 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
3993 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
3994 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
3995 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
3996 Windows.</p>
3997
3998 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3999
4000 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
4001 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
4002 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
4003 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
4004 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
4005 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
4006 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
4007 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
4008 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
4009 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
4010
4011 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4012
4013 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
4014 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
4015 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
4016 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
4017
4018 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4019
4020 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
4021 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
4022 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
4023 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
4024 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
4025 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
4026 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
4027 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
4028 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
4029
4030 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4031 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4032
4033 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
4034 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
4035 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
4036 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
4037 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
4038 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
4039 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
4040 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
4041
4042       </div>
4043       <div class="tags">
4044
4045
4046         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4047
4048
4049       </div>
4050     </div>
4051     <div class="padding"></div>
4052
4053     <div class="entry">
4054       <div class="title">
4055         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
4056       </div>
4057       <div class="date">
4058         26th June 2012
4059       </div>
4060       <div class="body">
4061         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
4062 another interview with the people behind
4063 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4064 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
4065 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
4066 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
4067 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
4068 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4069 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4070
4071 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4072
4073 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
4074 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
4075 ICT in schools</p>
4076
4077 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4078 project?</strong></p>
4079
4080 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
4081 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
4082 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
4083 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
4084
4085 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4086 Edu?</strong></p>
4087
4088 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
4089 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
4090 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
4091 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
4092
4093 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4094 Edu?</strong></p>
4095
4096 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
4097 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
4098 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
4099 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4100 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4101 technologies in school.</p>
4102
4103 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4104
4105 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4106 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4107 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4108
4109 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4110 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4111
4112 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4113 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4114 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4115 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4116
4117 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4118 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4119 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4120
4121 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4122 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4123 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4124 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4125 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4126 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4127 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4128 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4129 working there.</p>
4130
4131       </div>
4132       <div class="tags">
4133
4134
4135         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4136
4137
4138       </div>
4139     </div>
4140     <div class="padding"></div>
4141
4142     <div class="entry">
4143       <div class="title">
4144         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4145       </div>
4146       <div class="date">
4147         11th June 2012
4148       </div>
4149       <div class="body">
4150         <p>During my work on
4151 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4152 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4153 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4154 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4155 explanation.</p>
4156
4157 <p><ul>
4158
4159 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4160 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4161 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4162 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4163 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
4164 installation.</li>
4165
4166 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
4167 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
4168 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
4169 at least try to enable it for these services:
4170 <ul>
4171
4172   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
4173     quotas.</li>
4174   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
4175   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
4176   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
4177   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
4178   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
4179
4180 </ul></li>
4181
4182 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
4183 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
4184 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
4185 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
4186
4187 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
4188 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
4189 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
4190
4191 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
4192 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
4193 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
4194 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
4195 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
4196 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
4197
4198 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
4199 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
4200 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
4201 in Wheezy.
4202
4203 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
4204 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
4205 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
4206
4207 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
4208 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
4209 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
4210 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
4211
4212 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
4213 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
4214 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
4215 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
4216
4217 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
4218 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
4219 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
4220
4221 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
4222 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
4223 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
4224
4225 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
4226 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
4227 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
4228 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
4229 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
4230
4231 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
4232 <ul>
4233
4234 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
4235 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
4236 <li>and probably more?</li>
4237 </ul></li>
4238
4239 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
4240 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
4241 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
4242 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
4243 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
4244 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
4245 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
4246 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
4247
4248
4249 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
4250 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
4251 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
4252 use.</li>
4253
4254 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
4255 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
4256 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
4257 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
4258 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
4259
4260 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
4261 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
4262 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
4263 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
4264 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
4265 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
4266
4267 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
4268 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
4269 There are at least three implementations,
4270 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
4271 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
4272 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
4273 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
4274 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
4275 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
4276 given room.</li>
4277
4278 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
4279 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
4280 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
4281 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
4282 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
4283 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
4284 investigated.</li>
4285
4286 </ul></p>
4287
4288 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
4289 version.</p>
4290
4291       </div>
4292       <div class="tags">
4293
4294
4295         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4296
4297
4298       </div>
4299     </div>
4300     <div class="padding"></div>
4301
4302     <div class="entry">
4303       <div class="title">
4304         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
4305       </div>
4306       <div class="date">
4307          2nd June 2012
4308       </div>
4309       <div class="body">
4310         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
4311 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4312 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
4313 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
4314 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4315 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4316
4317 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4318
4319 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
4320 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
4321 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
4322 by Angela).</p>
4323
4324 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
4325 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
4326 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
4327 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
4328 becoming an osteopath.</p>
4329
4330 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
4331 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
4332 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
4333 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
4334 skills with communication skills.</p>
4335
4336 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4337 project?</strong></p>
4338
4339 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
4340 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
4341 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
4342 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
4343 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
4344
4345 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
4346 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
4347 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
4348 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
4349 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
4350 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
4351 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
4352 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
4353 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
4354
4355 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
4356 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
4357 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
4358
4359 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
4360
4361 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
4362 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
4363 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
4364 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
4365 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
4366 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
4367 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
4368 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
4369 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
4370 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
4371 point.</p>
4372
4373 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
4374 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
4375 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
4376 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
4377 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
4378 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
4379
4380 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
4381 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
4382 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
4383 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
4384 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
4385 spare time.</p>
4386
4387 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
4388 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
4389 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
4390 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
4391 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
4392
4393 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
4394 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
4395 avoidance do exist.</p>
4396
4397 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
4398 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
4399 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
4400 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
4401 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
4402 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
4403 and probably a gain for all.</p>
4404
4405 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4406 Edu?</strong></p>
4407
4408 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
4409 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
4410 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
4411 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
4412 project communication, honest communication within the group of
4413 developers, etc.</p>
4414
4415 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4416 Edu?</strong></p>
4417
4418 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
4419
4420 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
4421 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
4422 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
4423 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
4424 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
4425 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
4426 contribute).</p>
4427
4428 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
4429 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
4430 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
4431 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
4432 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
4433 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
4434 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
4435 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
4436 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
4437 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
4438
4439 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4440
4441 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
4442
4443 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
4444 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
4445 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
4446
4447 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
4448 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
4449 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
4450 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
4451
4452 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
4453 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
4454 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
4455 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
4456 whiteboard.</p>
4457
4458 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
4459
4460 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4461 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4462
4463 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
4464 enrol people.</p>
4465
4466       </div>
4467       <div class="tags">
4468
4469
4470         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4471
4472
4473       </div>
4474     </div>
4475     <div class="padding"></div>
4476
4477     <div class="entry">
4478       <div class="title">
4479         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
4480       </div>
4481       <div class="date">
4482         27th May 2012
4483       </div>
4484       <div class="body">
4485         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
4486 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4487 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
4488 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
4489 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
4490 since then, helping to make sure the
4491 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4492 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
4493
4494 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4495
4496 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
4497 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
4498 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
4499 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
4500 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
4501 our computer network.</p>
4502
4503 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
4504 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
4505 (4 months).</p>
4506
4507 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4508 project?</strong></p>
4509
4510 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
4511 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
4512 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
4513 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
4514 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
4515 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
4516 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
4517 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
4518 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
4519 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
4520 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
4521 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
4522 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
4523 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
4524
4525 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4526 Edu?</strong></p>
4527
4528 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
4529 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
4530 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
4531 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
4532 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
4533 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
4534 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
4535 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
4536
4537 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4538 Edu?</strong></p>
4539
4540 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
4541 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
4542 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
4543 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
4544 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
4545 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
4546 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
4547 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
4548 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
4549 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
4550 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
4551 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
4552
4553 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4554
4555 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
4556 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
4557 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
4558
4559 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4560 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4561
4562 <p><ol>
4563
4564 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
4565 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
4566 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
4567 developing.</li>
4568
4569 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
4570 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
4571 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
4572 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
4573 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
4574
4575 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
4576 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
4577 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
4578
4579 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
4580 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
4581 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
4582 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
4583
4584 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
4585 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
4586 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
4587
4588 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
4589
4590 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
4591 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
4592 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
4593 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
4594
4595 </ol></p>
4596
4597       </div>
4598       <div class="tags">
4599
4600
4601         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4602
4603
4604       </div>
4605     </div>
4606     <div class="padding"></div>
4607
4608     <div class="entry">
4609       <div class="title">
4610         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
4611       </div>
4612       <div class="date">
4613         20th May 2012
4614       </div>
4615       <div class="body">
4616         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
4617 musiker og mannen bak
4618 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
4619 i Rosegarden</a>
4620 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
4621 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
4622 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
4623 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
4624 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
4625 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
4626
4627 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4628
4629 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
4630 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
4631 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
4632 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
4633 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
4634 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
4635 musikkundervisning.</p>
4636
4637 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
4638 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
4639
4640 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
4641 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
4642 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
4643 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
4644 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
4645 dette operativsystemet.</p>
4646
4647 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4648
4649 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
4650 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
4651 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
4652 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
4653
4654 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4655
4656 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
4657 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
4658 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
4659 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
4660 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
4661
4662 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4663
4664 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
4665 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
4666 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
4667
4668 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
4669 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
4670 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
4671 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
4672 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
4673 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
4674 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
4675 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
4676 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
4677 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
4678 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
4679 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
4680
4681 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
4682 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
4683
4684 <p>Eksempel:</p>
4685
4686 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
4687 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
4688 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
4689 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
4690 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
4691 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
4692
4693 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
4694 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
4695 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
4696
4697 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
4698 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
4699 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
4700
4701 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
4702 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
4703 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
4704 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
4705 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
4706 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
4707 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
4708 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
4709
4710 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4711
4712 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
4713 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
4714
4715 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4716 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4717
4718 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
4719 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
4720 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
4721 alternativer.
4722
4723       </div>
4724       <div class="tags">
4725
4726
4727         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4728
4729
4730       </div>
4731     </div>
4732     <div class="padding"></div>
4733
4734     <div class="entry">
4735       <div class="title">
4736         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
4737       </div>
4738       <div class="date">
4739         13th May 2012
4740       </div>
4741       <div class="body">
4742         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
4743 publish another interview with the people behind
4744 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4745 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
4746 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
4747 details get right before release.
4748
4749 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4750
4751 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
4752 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
4753 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
4754 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
4755 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
4756 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
4757 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
4758 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
4759
4760 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
4761 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
4762 home since 2006.</p>
4763
4764 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4765 project?</strong></p>
4766
4767 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
4768 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
4769 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
4770 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
4771 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
4772 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
4773
4774 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
4775 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
4776 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
4777 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
4778 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
4779 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
4780 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
4781 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
4782 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
4783 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
4784 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
4785 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
4786 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
4787 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
4788 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
4789 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
4790
4791 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4792 Edu?</strong></p>
4793
4794 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
4795 for me as today.</p>
4796
4797 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
4798
4799 <p><ul>
4800
4801 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
4802 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
4803
4804 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
4805 cost.</li>
4806
4807 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
4808 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
4809 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
4810 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
4811 server</li>
4812
4813 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
4814 school.</li>
4815
4816 </ul></p>
4817
4818 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
4819 came up in this way:</p>
4820
4821 <p><ul>
4822
4823 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
4824 now.</li>
4825
4826 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
4827 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
4828 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
4829
4830 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
4831 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
4832 interfaces used in the past.</li>
4833
4834 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
4835 different needs.</li>
4836
4837 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
4838
4839 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
4840 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
4841 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
4842
4843 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
4844 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
4845
4846 </ul></p>
4847
4848 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4849 Edu?</strong></p>
4850
4851 <p><ul>
4852
4853 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
4854 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
4855 whole municipality areas.</li>
4856
4857 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
4858 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
4859 politicians.</li>
4860
4861 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
4862
4863 </ul></p>
4864
4865 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4866
4867 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
4868 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
4869 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
4870 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
4871 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
4872 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
4873
4874 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
4875 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
4876 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
4877 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
4878 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
4879
4880 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4881 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4882
4883 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
4884 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
4885 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
4886
4887       </div>
4888       <div class="tags">
4889
4890
4891         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4892
4893
4894       </div>
4895     </div>
4896     <div class="padding"></div>
4897
4898     <div class="entry">
4899       <div class="title">
4900         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
4901       </div>
4902       <div class="date">
4903         15th April 2012
4904       </div>
4905       <div class="body">
4906         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
4907 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
4908 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
4909 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
4910 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
4911
4912 <p><blockquote>
4913
4914 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
4915 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
4916 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
4917 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
4918 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
4919 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
4920 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
4921
4922 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
4923 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
4924 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
4925 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
4926 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
4927 er:</p>
4928
4929 <ul>
4930 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
4931 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
4932 </ul>
4933
4934 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
4935 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
4936 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
4937 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
4938 dialog med informantene.</p>
4939
4940 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
4941 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
4942 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
4943 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
4944 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
4945 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
4946 OpenOffice.org.</p>
4947
4948 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
4949 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
4950 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
4951 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
4952 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
4953 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
4954 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
4955 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
4956 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
4957 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
4958 formater.</p>
4959
4960 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
4961 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
4962 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
4963 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
4964 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
4965 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
4966 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
4967 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
4968 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
4969 </blockquote></p>
4970
4971 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
4972 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
4973 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
4974 til DUO...</p>
4975
4976
4977       </div>
4978       <div class="tags">
4979
4980
4981         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4982
4983
4984       </div>
4985     </div>
4986     <div class="padding"></div>
4987
4988     <div class="entry">
4989       <div class="title">
4990         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
4991       </div>
4992       <div class="date">
4993         15th April 2012
4994       </div>
4995       <div class="body">
4996         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
4997 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
4998 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
4999 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
5000 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
5001 up in the recently released
5002 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5003 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5004
5005 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5006
5007 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
5008 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
5009 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
5010 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
5011 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
5012 information technology and science/technology.</p>
5013
5014 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5015 project?</strong></p>
5016
5017 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
5018 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
5019 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
5020 contributing.</p>
5021
5022 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5023 Edu?</strong></p>
5024
5025 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
5026 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
5027 Debian Project!</p>
5028
5029 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5030 Edu?</strong></p>
5031
5032 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
5033 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
5034 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
5035 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
5036 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
5037 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
5038 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
5039
5040 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
5041 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
5042
5043 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5044
5045 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
5046 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
5047 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
5048 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
5049
5050 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5051 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5052
5053 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
5054 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
5055 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
5056 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
5057 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
5058 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
5059 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
5060
5061 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
5062 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
5063 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
5064 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
5065 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
5066 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
5067 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
5068 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
5069
5070       </div>
5071       <div class="tags">
5072
5073
5074         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5075
5076
5077       </div>
5078     </div>
5079     <div class="padding"></div>
5080
5081     <div class="entry">
5082       <div class="title">
5083         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
5084       </div>
5085       <div class="date">
5086          8th April 2012
5087       </div>
5088       <div class="body">
5089         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
5090 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
5091 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
5092 contributor to the
5093 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5094 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
5095
5096 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5097
5098 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
5099 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5100
5101 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5102 project?</strong></p>
5103
5104 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5105 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5106 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5107 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5108 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5109 "localisation".</p>
5110
5111 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5112 Edu?</strong></p>
5113
5114 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5115 Edu?</strong></p>
5116
5117 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5118 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5119 education system.</p>
5120
5121 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5122 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5123 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5124 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5125
5126 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5127
5128 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5129 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5130 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5131
5132 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5133 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5134
5135 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5136 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5137 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5138
5139       </div>
5140       <div class="tags">
5141
5142
5143         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5144
5145
5146       </div>
5147     </div>
5148     <div class="padding"></div>
5149
5150     <div class="entry">
5151       <div class="title">
5152         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5153       </div>
5154       <div class="date">
5155          6th April 2012
5156       </div>
5157       <div class="body">
5158         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5159 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5160 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5161 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5162 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5163 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
5164 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
5165 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
5166 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
5167
5168 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
5169 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
5170 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
5171 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
5172 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
5173 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
5174 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
5175 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
5176
5177 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
5178 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
5179 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
5180 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
5181 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
5182 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
5183 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
5184 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
5185
5186 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
5187 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
5188 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
5189 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
5190 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
5191 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
5192 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
5193 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
5194 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
5195 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
5196
5197 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
5198 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
5199 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
5200 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
5201
5202 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
5203 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
5204
5205       </div>
5206       <div class="tags">
5207
5208
5209         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5210
5211
5212       </div>
5213     </div>
5214     <div class="padding"></div>
5215
5216     <div class="entry">
5217       <div class="title">
5218         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
5219       </div>
5220       <div class="date">
5221          5th April 2012
5222       </div>
5223       <div class="body">
5224         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
5225 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
5226 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
5227 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
5228 for schools.  Check out his article
5229 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
5230 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
5231
5232       </div>
5233       <div class="tags">
5234
5235
5236         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5237
5238
5239       </div>
5240     </div>
5241     <div class="padding"></div>
5242
5243     <div class="entry">
5244       <div class="title">
5245         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
5246       </div>
5247       <div class="date">
5248          1st April 2012
5249       </div>
5250       <div class="body">
5251         <p>Germany is a core area for the
5252 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5253 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
5254 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
5255
5256 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5257
5258 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
5259 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
5260 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
5261 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
5262 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
5263 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
5264 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
5265 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
5266
5267 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
5268 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
5269 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
5270 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
5271 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
5272 the end of April this year.</p>
5273
5274 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5275 project?</strong></p>
5276
5277 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
5278 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
5279 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
5280 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
5281 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
5282 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
5283 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
5284 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
5285 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
5286 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
5287 Skolelinux.</p>
5288
5289 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
5290 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
5291 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
5292 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
5293 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
5294 the admin teachers.</p>
5295
5296 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5297 Edu?</strong></p>
5298
5299 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
5300 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
5301 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
5302
5303 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
5304 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
5305 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
5306 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
5307 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
5308
5309 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5310 Edu?</strong></p>
5311
5312 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
5313
5314 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5315
5316 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
5317 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
5318 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
5319 LibreOffice.</p>
5320
5321 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5322 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5323
5324 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
5325 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
5326 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
5327
5328       </div>
5329       <div class="tags">
5330
5331
5332         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5333
5334
5335       </div>
5336     </div>
5337     <div class="padding"></div>
5338
5339     <div class="entry">
5340       <div class="title">
5341         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
5342       </div>
5343       <div class="date">
5344         30th March 2012
5345       </div>
5346       <div class="body">
5347         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
5348 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
5349 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
5350
5351 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
5352 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
5353
5354 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
5355
5356 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
5357 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
5358 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
5359 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
5360 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
5361
5362 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
5363 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
5364 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
5365 Nord-Odal:</p>
5366
5367 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
5368 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
5369 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
5370 pengene."</blockquote></p>
5371
5372 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
5373 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
5374 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
5375 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
5376 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
5377 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
5378 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
5379 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
5380
5381 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
5382
5383 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
5384 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
5385 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
5386 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
5387 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
5388 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
5389 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
5390 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
5391
5392 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
5393 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
5394 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
5395 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
5396 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
5397 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
5398 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
5399 Norge og verden.</p>
5400
5401 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
5402
5403 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
5404 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
5405
5406 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
5407
5408 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
5409
5410 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
5411
5412 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
5413 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
5414
5415 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
5416
5417 <p><ul>
5418
5419  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
5420  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
5421  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
5422  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
5423  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
5424  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
5425  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
5426
5427 </ul></p>
5428
5429       </div>
5430       <div class="tags">
5431
5432
5433         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5434
5435
5436       </div>
5437     </div>
5438     <div class="padding"></div>
5439
5440     <div class="entry">
5441       <div class="title">
5442         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
5443       </div>
5444       <div class="date">
5445         28th March 2012
5446       </div>
5447       <div class="body">
5448         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5449 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
5450 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
5451 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
5452
5453 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5454
5455 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
5456 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
5457 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
5458 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
5459
5460 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
5461 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
5462 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
5463 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
5464 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
5465 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
5466 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
5467 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
5468
5469 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
5470 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5471
5472 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
5473 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
5474 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
5475 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
5476 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
5477 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
5478 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
5479 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
5480 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
5481 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
5482 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
5483 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
5484 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
5485 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
5486 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
5487 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
5488 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
5489 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
5490 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
5491 logistikkproblemer.</p>
5492
5493 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5494
5495 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
5496 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
5497 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
5498 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
5499 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
5500 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
5501 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
5502 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
5503 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
5504 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
5505 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
5506 samarbeid med andre.
5507
5508 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
5509 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
5510 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
5511
5512 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5513
5514 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
5515 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
5516 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
5517 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
5518 dette for enhver pris.</p>
5519
5520 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
5521 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
5522 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
5523 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
5524 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
5525 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
5526 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
5527
5528 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
5529 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
5530 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
5531 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
5532
5533 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
5534 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
5535 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
5536 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
5537 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
5538 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
5539
5540 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
5541 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
5542 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
5543 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
5544 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
5545 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
5546
5547 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
5548 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
5549 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
5550 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
5551 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
5552 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
5553 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
5554 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
5555 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
5556 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
5557
5558 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5559
5560 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
5561 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
5562 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
5563 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
5564 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
5565 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
5566 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
5567 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
5568 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
5569 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
5570 Bill G sine produkter.
5571
5572 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5573 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5574
5575 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
5576 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
5577 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
5578 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
5579 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
5580 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
5581 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
5582 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
5583 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
5584
5585       </div>
5586       <div class="tags">
5587
5588
5589         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5590
5591
5592       </div>
5593     </div>
5594     <div class="padding"></div>
5595
5596     <div class="entry">
5597       <div class="title">
5598         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
5599       </div>
5600       <div class="date">
5601         25th March 2012
5602       </div>
5603       <div class="body">
5604         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
5605
5606 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
5607 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
5608 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
5609 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
5610 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
5611 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
5612 and download as a
5613 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
5614 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
5615
5616 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
5617   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
5618     <p>Download video as
5619       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
5620 </video></p>
5621
5622       </div>
5623       <div class="tags">
5624
5625
5626         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5627
5628
5629       </div>
5630     </div>
5631     <div class="padding"></div>
5632
5633     <div class="entry">
5634       <div class="title">
5635         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
5636       </div>
5637       <div class="date">
5638         19th March 2012
5639       </div>
5640       <div class="body">
5641         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
5642 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
5643 Et eksempel er
5644 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
5645 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
5646 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
5647 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
5648 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
5649 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
5650 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
5651 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
5652 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
5653 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
5654 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
5655 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
5656 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
5657
5658 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
5659 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
5660 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
5661 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
5662 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
5663
5664 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
5665 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
5666 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
5667 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
5668 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
5669 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
5670 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
5671 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
5672
5673 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
5674 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
5675 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
5676
5677 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
5678 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
5679 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
5680 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
5681
5682 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
5683 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
5684
5685       </div>
5686       <div class="tags">
5687
5688
5689         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5690
5691
5692       </div>
5693     </div>
5694     <div class="padding"></div>
5695
5696     <div class="entry">
5697       <div class="title">
5698         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
5699       </div>
5700       <div class="date">
5701         19th March 2012
5702       </div>
5703       <div class="body">
5704         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5705 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
5706 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
5707 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
5708 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
5709
5710 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5711
5712 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
5713 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
5714 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
5715 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
5716 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
5717 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
5718 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
5719 installations.</p>
5720
5721 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5722 project?</strong></p>
5723
5724 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
5725 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
5726 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
5727 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
5728 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
5729 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
5730 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
5731 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
5732 these things we decided to try it.</p>
5733
5734 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5735 Edu?</strong></p>
5736
5737 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
5738 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
5739 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
5740 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
5741 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
5742 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
5743 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
5744 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
5745
5746 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5747 Edu?</strong></p>
5748
5749 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
5750 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
5751 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
5752 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
5753 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
5754
5755 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5756
5757 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
5758 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
5759 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
5760 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
5761 that counts...)</p>
5762
5763 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5764 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5765
5766 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
5767 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
5768 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
5769 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
5770 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
5771 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
5772 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
5773 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
5774 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
5775 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
5776 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
5777
5778 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
5779 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
5780 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
5781
5782       </div>
5783       <div class="tags">
5784
5785
5786         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5787
5788
5789       </div>
5790     </div>
5791     <div class="padding"></div>
5792
5793     <div class="entry">
5794       <div class="title">
5795         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
5796       </div>
5797       <div class="date">
5798         16th March 2012
5799       </div>
5800       <div class="body">
5801         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
5802 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
5803 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
5804 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
5805
5806 <ol>
5807
5808 <li>The documentation is written in a
5809 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
5810 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
5811 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
5812 docbook XML.</li>
5813
5814 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
5815 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
5816 with the translated text.</li>
5817
5818 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
5819 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
5820 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
5821 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
5822 images.</li>
5823
5824 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
5825 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
5826
5827 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
5828 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
5829
5830 </ol>
5831
5832 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
5833 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
5834 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
5835 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
5836 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
5837
5838 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
5839 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
5840 package</a>.</p>
5841
5842       </div>
5843       <div class="tags">
5844
5845
5846         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5847
5848
5849       </div>
5850     </div>
5851     <div class="padding"></div>
5852
5853     <div class="entry">
5854       <div class="title">
5855         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
5856       </div>
5857       <div class="date">
5858         13th March 2012
5859       </div>
5860       <div class="body">
5861         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
5862 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
5863 er tilgjengelige allerede og
5864 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
5865 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
5866 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
5867 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
5868 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
5869 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
5870 likevel.</p>
5871
5872       </div>
5873       <div class="tags">
5874
5875
5876         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
5877
5878
5879       </div>
5880     </div>
5881     <div class="padding"></div>
5882
5883     <div class="entry">
5884       <div class="title">
5885         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
5886       </div>
5887       <div class="date">
5888         12th March 2012
5889       </div>
5890       <div class="body">
5891         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
5892 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
5893 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
5894 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
5895 styremedlem i foreningen
5896 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5897 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
5898 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
5899 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
5900 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
5901 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
5902 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
5903 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
5904 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
5905 veien.</p>
5906
5907 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5908
5909 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
5910 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
5911 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
5912 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
5913 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
5914 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
5915 slutten.</p>
5916
5917 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5918
5919 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
5920 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
5921 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
5922 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
5923 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
5924 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
5925 admin-siden).</p>
5926
5927 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5928
5929 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
5930 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
5931 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
5932 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
5933 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
5934 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
5935
5936 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5937
5938 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
5939 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
5940 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
5941 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
5942 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
5943 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
5944 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
5945
5946 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5947
5948 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
5949 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
5950 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
5951 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
5952
5953 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5954 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5955
5956 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
5957 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
5958 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
5959 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
5960 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
5961 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
5962 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
5963 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
5964 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
5965 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
5966 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
5967 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
5968 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
5969 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
5970 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
5971 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
5972 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
5973 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
5974
5975       </div>
5976       <div class="tags">
5977
5978
5979         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5980
5981
5982       </div>
5983     </div>
5984     <div class="padding"></div>
5985
5986     <div class="entry">
5987       <div class="title">
5988         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
5989       </div>
5990       <div class="date">
5991         11th March 2012
5992       </div>
5993       <div class="body">
5994         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
5995 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
5996 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5997 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
5998 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
5999 you have not done so already.</p>
6000
6001 <p>I plan to present the new version at
6002 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
6003 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
6004 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
6005
6006       </div>
6007       <div class="tags">
6008
6009
6010         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6011
6012
6013       </div>
6014     </div>
6015     <div class="padding"></div>
6016
6017     <div class="entry">
6018       <div class="title">
6019         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
6020       </div>
6021       <div class="date">
6022          9th March 2012
6023       </div>
6024       <div class="body">
6025         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
6026 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
6027 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
6028 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
6029 more international audience.</p>
6030
6031 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6032 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
6033 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
6034 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
6035 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
6036 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
6037 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
6038
6039
6040 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6041
6042 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
6043 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
6044 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
6045 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
6046 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
6047 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
6048 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
6049 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
6050 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
6051 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
6052 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
6053
6054 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6055 project?</strong></p>
6056
6057 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
6058 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
6059 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
6060 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
6061 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
6062 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
6063 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
6064 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
6065 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
6066 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
6067 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
6068 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
6069 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
6070
6071 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6072 Edu?</strong></p>
6073
6074 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
6075 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
6076 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
6077 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
6078 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
6079 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
6080 Japan.</p>
6081
6082 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6083 Edu?</strong></p>
6084
6085 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
6086 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
6087 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
6088 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
6089 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
6090 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
6091 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
6092 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
6093 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
6094 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
6095 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
6096 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
6097 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
6098 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
6099 help.</p>
6100
6101 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6102
6103 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6104 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6105 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6106 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6107 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6108 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6109 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6110 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6111 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6112 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6113 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6114
6115 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6116 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6117
6118 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6119 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6120 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6121 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6122 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6123 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6124 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6125 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6126 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6127 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6128 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6129 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6130
6131       </div>
6132       <div class="tags">
6133
6134
6135         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6136
6137
6138       </div>
6139     </div>
6140     <div class="padding"></div>
6141
6142     <div class="entry">
6143       <div class="title">
6144         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6145       </div>
6146       <div class="date">
6147          7th March 2012
6148       </div>
6149       <div class="body">
6150         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6151
6152 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6153 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6154 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6155 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6156 download as a
6157 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6158 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6159
6160 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6161   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6162     <p>Download video as
6163       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6164 </video></p>
6165
6166       </div>
6167       <div class="tags">
6168
6169
6170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6171
6172
6173       </div>
6174     </div>
6175     <div class="padding"></div>
6176
6177     <div class="entry">
6178       <div class="title">
6179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6180       </div>
6181       <div class="date">
6182          4th March 2012
6183       </div>
6184       <div class="body">
6185         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
6186 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6187 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6188 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
6189 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
6190 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6191
6192       </div>
6193       <div class="tags">
6194
6195
6196         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6197
6198
6199       </div>
6200     </div>
6201     <div class="padding"></div>
6202
6203     <div class="entry">
6204       <div class="title">
6205         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
6206       </div>
6207       <div class="date">
6208          3rd March 2012
6209       </div>
6210       <div class="body">
6211         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
6212 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
6213 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
6214 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
6215 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
6216 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
6217 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
6218 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
6219 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
6220 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
6221 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
6222 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
6223 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
6224 year...</p>
6225
6226 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
6227 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
6228 name,
6229 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
6230 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
6231 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
6232 mean). I've been following
6233 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
6234 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
6235 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
6236 Check it out. :)</p>
6237
6238       </div>
6239       <div class="tags">
6240
6241
6242         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
6243
6244
6245       </div>
6246     </div>
6247     <div class="padding"></div>
6248
6249     <div class="entry">
6250       <div class="title">
6251         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
6252       </div>
6253       <div class="date">
6254         27th February 2012
6255       </div>
6256       <div class="body">
6257         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6258 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
6259 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
6260 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
6261 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
6262
6263 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6264
6265 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
6266 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
6267 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
6268
6269 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6270
6271 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
6272 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
6273 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
6274 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
6275
6276 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
6277 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6278
6279 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
6280 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
6281
6282 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6283
6284 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
6285 løsninger.</p>
6286
6287 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6288 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6289
6290 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
6291 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
6292 under dette.</p>
6293
6294       </div>
6295       <div class="tags">
6296
6297
6298         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6299
6300
6301       </div>
6302     </div>
6303     <div class="padding"></div>
6304
6305     <div class="entry">
6306       <div class="title">
6307         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6308       </div>
6309       <div class="date">
6310         27th February 2012
6311       </div>
6312       <div class="body">
6313         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
6314 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
6315 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
6316 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
6317 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
6318 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
6319 need a software solution for your school.</p>
6320
6321       </div>
6322       <div class="tags">
6323
6324
6325         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6326
6327
6328       </div>
6329     </div>
6330     <div class="padding"></div>
6331
6332     <div class="entry">
6333       <div class="title">
6334         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
6335       </div>
6336       <div class="date">
6337         21st February 2012
6338       </div>
6339       <div class="body">
6340         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6341 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6342 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
6343 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6344 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
6345
6346 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6347
6348 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
6349 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
6350 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
6351 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
6352 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
6353 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
6354 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
6355 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
6356
6357 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6358
6359 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
6360 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
6361 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
6362 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
6363 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
6364 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
6365 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
6366 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
6367 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
6368
6369 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
6370 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
6371 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
6372 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
6373
6374 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
6375 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
6376 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
6377 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
6378 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
6379 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
6380 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
6381 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
6382 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
6383 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
6384
6385 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6386
6387 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
6388 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
6389 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
6390 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
6391
6392 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
6393 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
6394 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
6395 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
6396 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
6397 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
6398 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
6399 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
6400
6401 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
6402 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
6403 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
6404 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
6405 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
6406 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
6407 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
6408 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
6409 PC-er.</p>
6410
6411 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6412
6413 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
6414 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
6415 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
6416 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
6417 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
6418 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
6419 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
6420 Foundation.</p>
6421
6422 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
6423 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
6424 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
6425 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
6426 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
6427 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
6428 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
6429 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
6430
6431 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
6432 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
6433 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
6434 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
6435 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
6436 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
6437 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
6438 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
6439
6440 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
6441 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
6442 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
6443 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
6444 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
6445 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
6446 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
6447 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
6448 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
6449 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
6450
6451 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6452
6453 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
6454 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
6455 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
6456 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
6457 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
6458 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
6459
6460 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6461 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6462
6463 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
6464 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
6465 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
6466 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
6467 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
6468 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
6469 støttetjenester.</p>
6470
6471 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
6472 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
6473 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
6474 selges til kommuner.</p>
6475
6476       </div>
6477       <div class="tags">
6478
6479
6480         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6481
6482
6483       </div>
6484     </div>
6485     <div class="padding"></div>
6486
6487     <div class="entry">
6488       <div class="title">
6489         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6490       </div>
6491       <div class="date">
6492         19th February 2012
6493       </div>
6494       <div class="body">
6495         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
6496 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
6497 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6498 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6499 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
6500 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
6501 solution for your school.</p>
6502
6503       </div>
6504       <div class="tags">
6505
6506
6507         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6508
6509
6510       </div>
6511     </div>
6512     <div class="padding"></div>
6513
6514     <div class="entry">
6515       <div class="title">
6516         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
6517       </div>
6518       <div class="date">
6519         18th February 2012
6520       </div>
6521       <div class="body">
6522         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6523 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
6524 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
6525 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6526 Skolen</a>.</p>
6527
6528 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6529
6530 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
6531 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
6532 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
6533
6534 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6535
6536 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
6537 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
6538 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
6539 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
6540 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
6541 familien.</p>
6542
6543 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6544
6545 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
6546 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
6547 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
6548 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
6549 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
6550
6551 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6552
6553 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
6554 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
6555 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
6556 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
6557
6558 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6559
6560 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
6561 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
6562 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
6563 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
6564 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
6565 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
6566 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
6567 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
6568
6569 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6570 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6571
6572 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
6573 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
6574 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
6575 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
6576 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
6577 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
6578 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
6579 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
6580 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
6581 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
6582
6583       </div>
6584       <div class="tags">
6585
6586
6587         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6588
6589
6590       </div>
6591     </div>
6592     <div class="padding"></div>
6593
6594     <div class="entry">
6595       <div class="title">
6596         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6597       </div>
6598       <div class="date">
6599         13th February 2012
6600       </div>
6601       <div class="body">
6602         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
6603 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
6604 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
6605 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
6606 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
6607 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
6608 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
6609 change the global proxy setting by editing
6610 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
6611 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
6612
6613 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
6614 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
6615 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
6616
6617 <blockquote><pre>
6618 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
6619 {
6620    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
6621        isPlainHostName(host) ||
6622        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
6623       return "DIRECT";
6624    else
6625       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
6626 }
6627 </pre></blockquote>
6628
6629 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
6630
6631 <blockquote><pre>
6632 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
6633 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
6634 </pre></blockquote>
6635
6636 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
6637 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
6638 would be used for
6639 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
6640 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
6641 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
6642 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
6643 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
6644 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
6645 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
6646 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
6647 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
6648 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
6649
6650 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
6651 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
6652 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
6653 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
6654 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
6655 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
6656
6657 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
6658 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
6659 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
6660 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
6661 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
6662 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
6663 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
6664 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
6665 the network setup changes.</p>
6666
6667 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
6668 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
6669 draft</a> and a
6670 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
6671 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
6672
6673       </div>
6674       <div class="tags">
6675
6676
6677         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6678
6679
6680       </div>
6681     </div>
6682     <div class="padding"></div>
6683
6684     <div class="entry">
6685       <div class="title">
6686         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
6687       </div>
6688       <div class="date">
6689          7th February 2012
6690       </div>
6691       <div class="body">
6692         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6693 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
6694 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
6695
6696 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6697
6698 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
6699 mere.</p>
6700
6701 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6702
6703 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
6704 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
6705 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
6706 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
6707
6708 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
6709 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
6710 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
6711 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
6712 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
6713 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
6714
6715 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6716
6717 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
6718 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
6719 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
6720 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
6721 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
6722
6723 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6724
6725 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
6726 versjoner.</p>
6727
6728 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
6729 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
6730 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
6731 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
6732 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
6733 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
6734 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
6735
6736 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6737
6738 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
6739 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
6740 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
6741
6742 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
6743 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
6744 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
6745 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
6746 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
6747 også.</p>
6748
6749 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6750 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6751
6752 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
6753 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
6754 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
6755 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
6756 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
6757 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
6758 bruker.</p>
6759
6760 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
6761 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
6762 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
6763 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
6764 vil ha det.</p>
6765
6766       </div>
6767       <div class="tags">
6768
6769
6770         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6771
6772
6773       </div>
6774     </div>
6775     <div class="padding"></div>
6776
6777     <div class="entry">
6778       <div class="title">
6779         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
6780       </div>
6781       <div class="date">
6782          5th February 2012
6783       </div>
6784       <div class="body">
6785         <p>Since the Lenny version of
6786 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
6787 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
6788 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
6789 in the morning.  This is done using the
6790 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
6791
6792 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
6793 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
6794 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
6795 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
6796 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
6797 the
6798 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
6799 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
6800 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
6801 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
6802 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
6803
6804 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
6805 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
6806 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
6807 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
6808 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
6809 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
6810 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
6811
6812 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
6813 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
6814 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
6815 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
6816 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
6817
6818       </div>
6819       <div class="tags">
6820
6821
6822         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6823
6824
6825       </div>
6826     </div>
6827     <div class="padding"></div>
6828
6829     <div class="entry">
6830       <div class="title">
6831         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6832       </div>
6833       <div class="date">
6834          4th February 2012
6835       </div>
6836       <div class="body">
6837         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
6838 publish the third beta version of
6839 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6840 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
6841 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
6842 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
6843 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
6844 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
6845 on the project announcement list.</p>
6846
6847 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
6848 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
6849
6850 <ul>
6851
6852 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
6853   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
6854   the installation.</li>
6855
6856 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
6857   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
6858
6859 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
6860   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
6861   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
6862
6863 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
6864   for the local system administrator is created during installation
6865   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
6866   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
6867   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
6868   up to date on the system.</li>
6869
6870 </ul>
6871
6872 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
6873 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
6874 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
6875 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
6876
6877 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
6878 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
6879 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
6880 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
6881 will see you there?</p>
6882
6883       </div>
6884       <div class="tags">
6885
6886
6887         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6888
6889
6890       </div>
6891     </div>
6892     <div class="padding"></div>
6893
6894     <div class="entry">
6895       <div class="title">
6896         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6897       </div>
6898       <div class="date">
6899         27th January 2012
6900       </div>
6901       <div class="body">
6902         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
6903 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
6904 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6905 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
6906 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
6907 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
6908 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
6909
6910 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
6911 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
6912 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
6913 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
6914 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
6915 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
6916 not taken care of by this.</p>
6917
6918 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
6919 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
6920 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
6921 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
6922 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
6923 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
6924 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
6925 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
6926 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
6927 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
6928 firmware packages.</p>
6929
6930 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
6931 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
6932 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
6933 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
6934 initrd with extra firmware, the
6935 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
6936 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
6937 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
6938
6939 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
6940 network cards working.  For this,
6941 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
6942 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
6943 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
6944
6945 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
6946 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
6947 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
6948
6949 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
6950 try.</p>
6951
6952       </div>
6953       <div class="tags">
6954
6955
6956         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6957
6958
6959       </div>
6960     </div>
6961     <div class="padding"></div>
6962
6963     <div class="entry">
6964       <div class="title">
6965         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
6966       </div>
6967       <div class="date">
6968         26th January 2012
6969       </div>
6970       <div class="body">
6971         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
6972 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
6973 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
6974
6975 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
6976 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
6977 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
6978 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
6979 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
6980 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
6981
6982 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
6983 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
6984 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
6985 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
6986
6987 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
6988 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
6989 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
6990 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
6991 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
6992 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
6993 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
6994 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6995 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6996 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
6997 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
6998 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6999 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7000 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
7001 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
7002 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7003 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
7004 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7005 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
7006 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
7007 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
7008 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
7009
7010       </div>
7011       <div class="tags">
7012
7013
7014         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7015
7016
7017       </div>
7018     </div>
7019     <div class="padding"></div>
7020
7021     <div class="entry">
7022       <div class="title">
7023         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7024       </div>
7025       <div class="date">
7026         25th January 2012
7027       </div>
7028       <div class="body">
7029         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
7030 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
7031 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
7032 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
7033 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
7034
7035 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
7036 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
7037 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
7038 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
7039 this is done, log on to the central server and run
7040 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
7041 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
7042 will look similar to this:</p>
7043
7044 <p><blockquote><pre>
7045 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
7046 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
7047 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
7048
7049 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
7050
7051 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
7052 enter password: *******
7053 %
7054 </pre></blockquote></p>
7055
7056 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
7057 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
7058 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
7059 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
7060 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
7061 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
7062 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
7063 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
7064 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
7065 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
7066 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
7067 automatically.</p>
7068
7069 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
7070 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
7071
7072 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
7073 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
7074 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
7075
7076       </div>
7077       <div class="tags">
7078
7079
7080         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
7081
7082
7083       </div>
7084     </div>
7085     <div class="padding"></div>
7086
7087     <div class="entry">
7088       <div class="title">
7089         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
7090       </div>
7091       <div class="date">
7092         18th January 2012
7093       </div>
7094       <div class="body">
7095         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7096 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
7097 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
7098 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
7099 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7100 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7101
7102 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7103
7104 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7105 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7106 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7107 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7108 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7109 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7110 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7111 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7112 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7113 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7114
7115 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7116
7117 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7118 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7119 dette ble levert.</p>
7120
7121 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7122
7123 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7124 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7125 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7126 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7127 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7128
7129 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7130 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7131 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7132 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7133 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7134 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7135 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7136
7137 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7138 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7139 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7140 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7141 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7142 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7143 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7144
7145 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7146 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7147 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7148 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7149 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7150 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7151 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7152 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7153 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7154 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7155 nå.</p>
7156
7157 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7158 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7159 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7160 oss.</p>
7161
7162 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7163 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
7164 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
7165 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
7166
7167 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7168
7169 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
7170 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
7171 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
7172 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
7173 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
7174 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
7175
7176 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
7177 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
7178 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
7179 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
7180 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
7181 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
7182 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
7183 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
7184
7185 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
7186 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
7187
7188 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7189
7190 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
7191 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
7192 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
7193 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
7194 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
7195
7196 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7197 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7198
7199 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
7200 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
7201 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
7202 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
7203 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
7204 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
7205 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
7206 hjemme.</p>
7207
7208       </div>
7209       <div class="tags">
7210
7211
7212         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7213
7214
7215       </div>
7216     </div>
7217     <div class="padding"></div>
7218
7219     <div class="entry">
7220       <div class="title">
7221         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7222       </div>
7223       <div class="date">
7224         10th January 2012
7225       </div>
7226       <div class="body">
7227         <p>In the Squeeze version of
7228 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
7229 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
7230 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
7231 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
7232 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
7233 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
7234 first time.</p>
7235
7236 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
7237 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
7238 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
7239 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
7240
7241 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
7242 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
7243 new setting.</p>
7244
7245 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
7246 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
7247 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
7248
7249       </div>
7250       <div class="tags">
7251
7252
7253         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
7254
7255
7256       </div>
7257     </div>
7258     <div class="padding"></div>
7259
7260     <div class="entry">
7261       <div class="title">
7262         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7263       </div>
7264       <div class="date">
7265          7th January 2012
7266       </div>
7267       <div class="body">
7268         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
7269 the second beta version of
7270 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
7271 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
7272 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
7273 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
7274 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7275 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
7276 on the project announcement list.</p>
7277
7278       </div>
7279       <div class="tags">
7280
7281
7282         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7283
7284
7285       </div>
7286     </div>
7287     <div class="padding"></div>
7288
7289     <div class="entry">
7290       <div class="title">
7291         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
7292       </div>
7293       <div class="date">
7294          3rd January 2012
7295       </div>
7296       <div class="body">
7297         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
7298 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
7299 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
7300 interesting.</p>
7301
7302 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
7303 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
7304 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
7305 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
7306 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
7307 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
7308 wrap up its tasks.</p>
7309
7310 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
7311 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
7312 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
7313 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
7314 because I was typing.</P>
7315
7316 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
7317 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
7318 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
7319 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
7320 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
7321 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
7322 generate entropy.</p>
7323
7324 <p>The fix is in
7325 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
7326 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
7327 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
7328 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
7329
7330       </div>
7331       <div class="tags">
7332
7333
7334         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7335
7336
7337       </div>
7338     </div>
7339     <div class="padding"></div>
7340
7341     <div class="entry">
7342       <div class="title">
7343         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
7344       </div>
7345       <div class="date">
7346         11th December 2011
7347       </div>
7348       <div class="body">
7349         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
7350 intervjuer av
7351 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
7352
7353 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
7354 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
7355 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
7356
7357 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7358
7359 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
7360 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
7361 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
7362 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
7363 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
7364
7365 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7366
7367 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
7368 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
7369 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
7370 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
7371 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
7372
7373 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7374
7375 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
7376 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
7377 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
7378 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
7379 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
7380 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
7381 og foreldre.</p>
7382
7383 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7384
7385 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
7386 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
7387 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
7388 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
7389
7390 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7391
7392 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
7393 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
7394 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
7395 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
7396 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
7397 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
7398 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
7399 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
7400 på
7401 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
7402
7403 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
7404 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
7405 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
7406 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
7407
7408 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7409 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7410
7411 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
7412 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
7413
7414 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
7415 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
7416 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
7417 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
7418 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
7419 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
7420 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
7421 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
7422 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
7423 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
7424 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
7425 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
7426 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
7427 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
7428
7429       </div>
7430       <div class="tags">
7431
7432
7433         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7434
7435
7436       </div>
7437     </div>
7438     <div class="padding"></div>
7439
7440     <div class="entry">
7441       <div class="title">
7442         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
7443       </div>
7444       <div class="date">
7445         27th July 2011
7446       </div>
7447       <div class="body">
7448         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
7449 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
7450 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
7451 fra starten av
7452 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7453
7454 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7455
7456 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
7457 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
7458 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
7459 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
7460 helhet.</p>
7461
7462 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7463
7464 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
7465 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
7466 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
7467
7468 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7469
7470 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
7471 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
7472 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
7473 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
7474 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
7475 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
7476
7477 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7478
7479 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
7480 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
7481 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
7482 utfordringer.</p>
7483
7484 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
7485 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
7486 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
7487 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
7488 løsningen.</p>
7489
7490 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
7491 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
7492 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
7493 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
7494 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
7495 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
7496 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
7497
7498 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
7499 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
7500 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
7501 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
7502 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
7503 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
7504 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
7505
7506 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
7507 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
7508 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
7509 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
7510 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
7511 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
7512 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
7513 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
7514 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
7515 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
7516 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
7517 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
7518 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
7519 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
7520 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
7521 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
7522
7523 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7524
7525 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
7526 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
7527 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
7528 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
7529 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
7530 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
7531 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
7532 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
7533
7534 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7535 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7536
7537 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
7538
7539 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
7540 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
7541 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
7542 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
7543 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
7544 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
7545
7546 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
7547 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
7548 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
7549
7550 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
7551 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
7552 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
7553 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
7554 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
7555 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
7556 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
7557 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
7558 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
7559 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
7560 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
7561 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
7562 sidelinjen.</p>
7563
7564       </div>
7565       <div class="tags">
7566
7567
7568         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7569
7570
7571       </div>
7572     </div>
7573     <div class="padding"></div>
7574
7575     <div class="entry">
7576       <div class="title">
7577         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
7578       </div>
7579       <div class="date">
7580         10th April 2011
7581       </div>
7582       <div class="body">
7583         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
7584 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
7585 bidragsyter i
7586 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
7587
7588 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7589
7590 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
7591 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
7592 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
7593 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
7594
7595 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7596
7597 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
7598 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
7599 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
7600 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
7601 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
7602 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
7603 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
7604 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
7605
7606 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7607
7608 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
7609 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
7610 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
7611 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
7612
7613 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7614
7615 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
7616 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
7617 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
7618 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
7619 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
7620
7621 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7622
7623 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
7624 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
7625 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
7626 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
7627 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
7628 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
7629 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
7630
7631 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7632 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7633
7634 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
7635 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
7636 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
7637 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
7638 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
7639 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
7640 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
7641 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
7642 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
7643 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
7644 av.</p>
7645
7646       </div>
7647       <div class="tags">
7648
7649
7650         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7651
7652
7653       </div>
7654     </div>
7655     <div class="padding"></div>
7656
7657     <div class="entry">
7658       <div class="title">
7659         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
7660       </div>
7661       <div class="date">
7662         28th March 2011
7663       </div>
7664       <div class="body">
7665         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
7666 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
7667 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
7668 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
7669 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
7670 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
7671 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
7672
7673 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7674
7675 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
7676 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
7677 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
7678
7679 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7680
7681 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
7682 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
7683 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
7684 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
7685 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
7686 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
7687 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
7688 klientsiden.</p>
7689
7690 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
7691 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
7692 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
7693 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
7694 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
7695 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
7696
7697 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
7698 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
7699
7700 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
7701 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
7702 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
7703 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
7704 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
7705 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
7706 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
7707 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
7708 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
7709
7710 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
7711 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
7712 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
7713 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
7714 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
7715 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
7716 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
7717 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
7718
7719 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7720
7721 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
7722 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
7723 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
7724 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
7725 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
7726 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
7727 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
7728 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
7729 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
7730
7731 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
7732 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
7733 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
7734 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
7735 det!</p>
7736
7737 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
7738 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
7739 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
7740 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
7741 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
7742 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
7743 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
7744
7745 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
7746 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
7747 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
7748 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
7749 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
7750 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
7751
7752 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7753
7754 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
7755 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
7756 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
7757 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
7758 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
7759
7760 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
7761 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
7762 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
7763
7764 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7765
7766 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
7767 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
7768 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
7769 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
7770 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
7771
7772 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
7773 osv.</p>
7774
7775 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
7776 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
7777 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
7778
7779 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7780 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7781
7782 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
7783 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
7784 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
7785 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
7786 skvettbillig.</p>
7787
7788 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
7789 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
7790 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
7791 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
7792 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
7793
7794 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
7795 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
7796 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
7797 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
7798 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
7799
7800 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
7801 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
7802 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
7803
7804       </div>
7805       <div class="tags">
7806
7807
7808         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7809
7810
7811       </div>
7812     </div>
7813     <div class="padding"></div>
7814
7815     <div class="entry">
7816       <div class="title">
7817         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
7818       </div>
7819       <div class="date">
7820         27th February 2011
7821       </div>
7822       <div class="body">
7823         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
7824 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7825 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
7826 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
7827
7828 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7829
7830 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
7831 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
7832 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
7833 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
7834
7835 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
7836 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
7837 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
7838 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
7839
7840 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
7841 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
7842
7843 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7844
7845 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
7846 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
7847 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
7848 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
7849 etc.</p>
7850
7851 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7852
7853 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
7854 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
7855 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
7856 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
7857 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
7858 Skolelinux.</p>
7859
7860 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7861
7862 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
7863 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
7864 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
7865 Linux.</p>
7866
7867 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
7868 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
7869 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
7870 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
7871
7872 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7873
7874 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
7875 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
7876 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
7877 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
7878
7879 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
7880 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
7881
7882 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7883 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7884
7885 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
7886 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
7887 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
7888
7889       </div>
7890       <div class="tags">
7891
7892
7893         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7894
7895
7896       </div>
7897     </div>
7898     <div class="padding"></div>
7899
7900     <div class="entry">
7901       <div class="title">
7902         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
7903       </div>
7904       <div class="date">
7905         16th February 2011
7906       </div>
7907       <div class="body">
7908         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7909 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
7910 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
7911 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
7912
7913 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7914
7915 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
7916 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
7917 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
7918 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
7919 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
7920 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
7921 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
7922 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
7923 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
7924 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
7925
7926 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7927
7928 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
7929 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
7930 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
7931 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
7932
7933 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7934
7935 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
7936 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
7937 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
7938 på.</p>
7939
7940 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
7941 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
7942 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
7943 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
7944 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
7945 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
7946 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
7947 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
7948 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
7949 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
7950
7951 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
7952 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
7953 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
7954 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
7955 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
7956 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
7957 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
7958 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
7959
7960 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7961
7962 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
7963
7964 <ul>
7965 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
7966 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
7967   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
7968   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
7969 </ul>
7970
7971 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
7972 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
7973 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
7974 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
7975 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
7976 måte.</p>
7977
7978 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7979
7980 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
7981 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
7982 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
7983 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
7984
7985 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7986 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7987
7988 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
7989 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
7990 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
7991 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
7992
7993       </div>
7994       <div class="tags">
7995
7996
7997         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7998
7999
8000       </div>
8001     </div>
8002     <div class="padding"></div>
8003
8004     <div class="entry">
8005       <div class="title">
8006         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
8007       </div>
8008       <div class="date">
8009         23rd January 2011
8010       </div>
8011       <div class="body">
8012         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
8013 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8014 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
8015 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
8016
8017 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8018
8019 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
8020 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
8021 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
8022 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
8023 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
8024 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
8025 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
8026 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
8027
8028 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8029
8030 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
8031 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
8032
8033 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
8034 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
8035 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
8036 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
8037
8038 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8039
8040 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
8041 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
8042 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
8043
8044 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8045
8046 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
8047 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
8048 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
8049 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
8050 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
8051 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
8052 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
8053 og det er synd.</p>
8054
8055 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8056
8057 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
8058 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
8059 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
8060 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
8061 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
8062 av maskinvaren.</p>
8063
8064 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8065 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8066
8067 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
8068 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
8069 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
8070 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
8071 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
8072
8073       </div>
8074       <div class="tags">
8075
8076
8077         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8078
8079
8080       </div>
8081     </div>
8082     <div class="padding"></div>
8083
8084     <div class="entry">
8085       <div class="title">
8086         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
8087       </div>
8088       <div class="date">
8089         19th January 2011
8090       </div>
8091       <div class="body">
8092         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
8093 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
8094 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
8095 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
8096 Florø.</p>
8097
8098 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8099
8100 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8101 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8102 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8103 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8104 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8105 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8106
8107 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8108
8109 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8110 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8111 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8112 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8113
8114 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8115 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8116 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8117 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8118 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8119 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8120 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8121 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8122 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8123 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8124 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8125 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8126 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8127 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8128 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8129
8130 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8131 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8132 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8133
8134 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8135
8136 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8137
8138 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8139 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8140 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8141 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8142 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8143 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8144
8145 <ul>
8146
8147 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8148 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8149 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8150 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8151
8152 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8153 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8154 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8155 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8156 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8157 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8158
8159 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8160 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8161 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8162 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8163
8164 </ul>
8165
8166 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
8167 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
8168 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
8169 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
8170 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
8171
8172 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8173
8174 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
8175 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
8176 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
8177 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
8178 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
8179
8180 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8181
8182 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
8183 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
8184 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
8185 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
8186 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
8187
8188 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8189 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8190
8191 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
8192 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
8193 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
8194 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
8195 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
8196 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
8197 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
8198
8199 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
8200 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
8201 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
8202 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
8203 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
8204 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
8205 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
8206 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
8207 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
8208 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
8209 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
8210 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
8211 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
8212 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
8213 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
8214 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
8215 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
8216
8217       </div>
8218       <div class="tags">
8219
8220
8221         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8222
8223
8224       </div>
8225     </div>
8226     <div class="padding"></div>
8227
8228     <div class="entry">
8229       <div class="title">
8230         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
8231       </div>
8232       <div class="date">
8233         16th January 2011
8234       </div>
8235       <div class="body">
8236         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
8237 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
8238 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
8239 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
8240
8241 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8242
8243 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
8244 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
8245 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
8246 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
8247 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
8248 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
8249 på skolen.</p>
8250
8251 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8252
8253 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
8254 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
8255 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
8256 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
8257 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
8258 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
8259
8260 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8261
8262 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
8263 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
8264 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
8265 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
8266 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
8267 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
8268 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
8269 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
8270 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
8271 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
8272 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
8273 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
8274
8275 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8276
8277 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
8278 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
8279 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
8280 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
8281 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
8282 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
8283 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
8284 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
8285 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
8286 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
8287 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
8288 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
8289
8290 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8291
8292 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
8293 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
8294 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
8295 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
8296 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
8297 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
8298 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
8299 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
8300 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
8301 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
8302 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
8303 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
8304
8305 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8306 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8307
8308 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
8309 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
8310 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
8311 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
8312 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
8313 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
8314 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
8315 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
8316 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
8317 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
8318 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
8319 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
8320 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
8321 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
8322 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
8323 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
8324
8325 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
8326 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
8327
8328       </div>
8329       <div class="tags">
8330
8331
8332         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8333
8334
8335       </div>
8336     </div>
8337     <div class="padding"></div>
8338
8339     <div class="entry">
8340       <div class="title">
8341         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
8342       </div>
8343       <div class="date">
8344         12th January 2011
8345       </div>
8346       <div class="body">
8347         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
8348 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
8349 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
8350 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
8351 Han er styremedlem i
8352 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8353 FRISK</a>.</p>
8354
8355 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8356
8357 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
8358 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
8359 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
8360 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
8361 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
8362 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
8363
8364 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8365
8366 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
8367 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
8368
8369 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
8370 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
8371 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
8372 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
8373
8374 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
8375 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
8376 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
8377 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
8378 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
8379 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
8380 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
8381 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
8382 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
8383 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
8384 Kubuntu.</p>
8385
8386 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8387
8388 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
8389 enn for andre systemer.</p>
8390
8391 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8392
8393 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
8394 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
8395 plasser.</p>
8396
8397 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
8398 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
8399
8400 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
8401 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
8402 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
8403 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
8404
8405 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8406
8407 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
8408 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
8409 servere.</p>
8410
8411       </div>
8412       <div class="tags">
8413
8414
8415         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8416
8417
8418       </div>
8419     </div>
8420     <div class="padding"></div>
8421
8422     <div class="entry">
8423       <div class="title">
8424         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
8425       </div>
8426       <div class="date">
8427          9th January 2011
8428       </div>
8429       <div class="body">
8430         <p>Inspirert av
8431 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
8432 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
8433 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
8434 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
8435 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
8436 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
8437 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
8438 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
8439
8440 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
8441 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
8442 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
8443 alltid flere medlemmer, så
8444 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
8445 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
8446
8447 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8448
8449 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
8450 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
8451 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
8452
8453 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
8454 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
8455 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
8456 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
8457 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
8458 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
8459 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
8460 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
8461 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
8462
8463 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8464
8465 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
8466 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
8467 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
8468 2003.</p>
8469
8470 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
8471 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
8472 det selv.</p>
8473
8474 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
8475 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
8476 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
8477 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
8478 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
8479 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
8480 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
8481
8482 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8483
8484 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
8485 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
8486 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
8487 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
8488 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
8489
8490 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8491
8492 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
8493 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
8494
8495 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8496
8497 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
8498 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
8499 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
8500 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
8501
8502 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
8503 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
8504
8505 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
8506
8507 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
8508 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
8509 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
8510 å bli hektet :)</p>
8511
8512       </div>
8513       <div class="tags">
8514
8515
8516         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8517
8518
8519       </div>
8520     </div>
8521     <div class="padding"></div>
8522
8523     <div class="entry">
8524       <div class="title">
8525         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
8526       </div>
8527       <div class="date">
8528          4th January 2011
8529       </div>
8530       <div class="body">
8531         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
8532 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
8533 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
8534 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
8535 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
8536 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
8537
8538 <blockquote>
8539 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8540 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8541
8542 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
8543 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
8544 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
8545 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
8546
8547 <ul>
8548
8549 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
8550 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
8551 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
8552 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
8553 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
8554 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
8555 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
8556 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
8557 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
8558 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
8559 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
8560 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
8561 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
8562 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
8563
8564 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
8565 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
8566 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
8567 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
8568
8569 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
8570 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
8571 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
8572
8573 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
8574 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
8575 om.</li>
8576
8577 </ul>
8578
8579 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
8580 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
8581 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
8582 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
8583 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
8584 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
8585 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
8586
8587 <ul>
8588
8589 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
8590 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
8591 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
8592
8593 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
8594 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
8595 dette.</li>
8596
8597 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
8598 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
8599 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
8600 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
8601
8602 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
8603 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
8604 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
8605 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
8606
8607 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
8608
8609 </ul>
8610
8611 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
8612 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
8613 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
8614 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
8615 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
8616 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
8617
8618 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
8619 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
8620 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
8621 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
8622 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
8623 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
8624 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
8625 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
8626 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
8627 tilsidesette. </p>
8628
8629 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
8630 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
8631 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
8632
8633 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
8634 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
8635 her. </p>
8636
8637 <ul>
8638
8639 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
8640 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
8641 mulig.</li>
8642
8643 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
8644 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
8645 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
8646 skolene.</li>
8647
8648 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
8649 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
8650 perioder.</li>
8651
8652 </ul>
8653
8654 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
8655 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
8656 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
8657 rutine her nå. </p>
8658
8659 <ul>
8660
8661 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
8662 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
8663 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
8664 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
8665 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
8666 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
8667 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
8668 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
8669
8670 </ul>
8671
8672 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
8673
8674 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
8675 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
8676 </blockquote>
8677
8678 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
8679
8680 <blockquote>
8681 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8682 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
8683
8684 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
8685 historien videre?</p>
8686
8687 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
8688 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
8689 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
8690 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
8691 </blockquote>
8692
8693 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
8694
8695 <blockquote>
8696 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8697 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8698
8699 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
8700 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
8701 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
8702 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
8703 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
8704 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
8705 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
8706 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
8707
8708 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
8709 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
8710 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
8711
8712 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
8713 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
8714 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
8715 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
8716 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
8717 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
8718 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
8719 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
8720 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
8721 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
8722
8723 <ul>
8724
8725 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
8726 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
8727 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
8728 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
8729 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
8730 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
8731 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
8732 bare en bonus. </li>
8733
8734 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
8735 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
8736 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
8737 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
8738 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
8739 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
8740 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
8741 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
8742 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
8743 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
8744 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
8745 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
8746 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
8747 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
8748 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
8749 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
8750 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
8751 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
8752 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
8753 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
8754 beste læremester. </li>
8755
8756 </ul>
8757
8758 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
8759 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
8760 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
8761 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
8762 ettertid.</p>
8763
8764 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
8765 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
8766 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
8767 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
8768 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
8769 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
8770 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
8771 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
8772 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
8773 jeg da lære?"</p>
8774
8775 </blockquote>
8776
8777 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
8778 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
8779 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
8780
8781       </div>
8782       <div class="tags">
8783
8784
8785         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8786
8787
8788       </div>
8789     </div>
8790     <div class="padding"></div>
8791
8792     <div class="entry">
8793       <div class="title">
8794         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
8795       </div>
8796       <div class="date">
8797         22nd December 2010
8798       </div>
8799       <div class="body">
8800         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
8801 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
8802 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
8803 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
8804 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
8805 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
8806 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
8807 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
8808 university.</p>
8809
8810 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
8811 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
8812 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
8813 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
8814 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
8815 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
8816 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
8817 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
8818
8819 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
8820 I perform on a new model.</p>
8821
8822 <ul>
8823
8824 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
8825 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
8826 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
8827
8828 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
8829 installation, X.org is working.</li>
8830
8831 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
8832 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
8833 reported by the program.</li>
8834
8835 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
8836 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
8837 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
8838 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
8839 normally test this by playing
8840 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
8841 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
8842
8843 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
8844 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8845
8846 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
8847 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8848
8849 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
8850 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
8851
8852 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
8853 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
8854 few.</li>
8855
8856 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
8857 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
8858 notice this.</li>
8859
8860 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
8861 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
8862 resume.</li>
8863
8864 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
8865 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
8866 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
8867 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
8868 not.</li>
8869
8870 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
8871 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
8872 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
8873 existence.</li>
8874
8875 </ul>
8876
8877 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
8878 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
8879 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
8880 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
8881 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
8882 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
8883 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
8884 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
8885
8886       </div>
8887       <div class="tags">
8888
8889
8890         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8891
8892
8893       </div>
8894     </div>
8895     <div class="padding"></div>
8896
8897     <div class="entry">
8898       <div class="title">
8899         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
8900       </div>
8901       <div class="date">
8902         29th November 2010
8903       </div>
8904       <div class="body">
8905         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
8906 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
8907 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
8908 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
8909 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
8910 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
8911
8912 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
8913 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
8914 will hold its
8915 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
8916 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
8917 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
8918 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
8919 vote this year.</p>
8920
8921       </div>
8922       <div class="tags">
8923
8924
8925         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8926
8927
8928       </div>
8929     </div>
8930     <div class="padding"></div>
8931
8932     <div class="entry">
8933       <div class="title">
8934         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
8935       </div>
8936       <div class="date">
8937         27th November 2010
8938       </div>
8939       <div class="body">
8940         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
8941 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
8942 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
8943 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
8944 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
8945 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
8946 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
8947 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
8948
8949 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
8950 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8951 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
8952 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
8953 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
8954 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
8955 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
8956 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
8957 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
8958 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
8959 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
8960
8961 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
8962 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
8963 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
8964 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
8965 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
8966 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
8967 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
8968 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
8969 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
8970 what is going on.</p>
8971
8972       </div>
8973       <div class="tags">
8974
8975
8976         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8977
8978
8979       </div>
8980     </div>
8981     <div class="padding"></div>
8982
8983     <div class="entry">
8984       <div class="title">
8985         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
8986       </div>
8987       <div class="date">
8988         22nd November 2010
8989       </div>
8990       <div class="body">
8991         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
8992 upgrade testing of the
8993 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8994 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
8995 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
8996 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
8997
8998 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8999
9000 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9001
9002 <blockquote><p>
9003   apache2.2-bin
9004   aptdaemon
9005   baobab
9006   binfmt-support
9007   browser-plugin-gnash
9008   cheese-common
9009   cli-common
9010   cups-pk-helper
9011   dmz-cursor-theme
9012   empathy
9013   empathy-common
9014   freedesktop-sound-theme
9015   freeglut3
9016   gconf-defaults-service
9017   gdm-themes
9018   gedit-plugins
9019   geoclue
9020   geoclue-hostip
9021   geoclue-localnet
9022   geoclue-manual
9023   geoclue-yahoo
9024   gnash
9025   gnash-common
9026   gnome
9027   gnome-backgrounds
9028   gnome-cards-data
9029   gnome-codec-install
9030   gnome-core
9031   gnome-desktop-environment
9032   gnome-disk-utility
9033   gnome-screenshot
9034   gnome-search-tool
9035   gnome-session-canberra
9036   gnome-system-log
9037   gnome-themes-extras
9038   gnome-themes-more
9039   gnome-user-share
9040   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9041   gstreamer0.10-tools
9042   gtk2-engines
9043   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9044   gtk2-engines-smooth
9045   hamster-applet
9046   libapache2-mod-dnssd
9047   libapr1
9048   libaprutil1
9049   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
9050   libaprutil1-ldap
9051   libart2.0-cil
9052   libboost-date-time1.42.0
9053   libboost-python1.42.0
9054   libboost-thread1.42.0
9055   libchamplain-0.4-0
9056   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
9057   libcheese-gtk18
9058   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9059   libcryptui0
9060   libdiscid0
9061   libelf1
9062   libepc-1.0-2
9063   libepc-common
9064   libepc-ui-1.0-2
9065   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9066   libfreerdp0
9067   libgconf2.0-cil
9068   libgdata-common
9069   libgdata7
9070   libgdu-gtk0
9071   libgee2
9072   libgeoclue0
9073   libgexiv2-0
9074   libgif4
9075   libglade2.0-cil
9076   libglib2.0-cil
9077   libgmime2.4-cil
9078   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9079   libgnome2.24-cil
9080   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
9081   libgpod-common
9082   libgpod4
9083   libgtk2.0-cil
9084   libgtkglext1
9085   libgtksourceview2.0-common
9086   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9087   libmono-addins0.2-cil
9088   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
9089   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9090   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
9091   libmono-posix2.0-cil
9092   libmono-security2.0-cil
9093   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9094   libmono-system2.0-cil
9095   libmtp8
9096   libmusicbrainz3-6
9097   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
9098   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
9099   libopal3.6.8
9100   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9101   libpt2.6.7
9102   libpython2.6
9103   librpm1
9104   librpmio1
9105   libsdl1.2debian
9106   libsrtp0
9107   libssh-4
9108   libtelepathy-farsight0
9109   libtelepathy-glib0
9110   libtidy-0.99-0
9111   media-player-info
9112   mesa-utils
9113   mono-2.0-gac
9114   mono-gac
9115   mono-runtime
9116   nautilus-sendto
9117   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9118   p7zip-full
9119   pkg-config
9120   python-aptdaemon
9121   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9122   python-axiom
9123   python-beautifulsoup
9124   python-bugbuddy
9125   python-clientform
9126   python-coherence
9127   python-configobj
9128   python-crypto
9129   python-cupshelpers
9130   python-elementtree
9131   python-epsilon
9132   python-evolution
9133   python-feedparser
9134   python-gdata
9135   python-gdbm
9136   python-gst0.10
9137   python-gtkglext1
9138   python-gtksourceview2
9139   python-httplib2
9140   python-louie
9141   python-mako
9142   python-markupsafe
9143   python-mechanize
9144   python-nevow
9145   python-notify
9146   python-opengl
9147   python-openssl
9148   python-pam
9149   python-pkg-resources
9150   python-pyasn1
9151   python-pysqlite2
9152   python-rdflib
9153   python-serial
9154   python-tagpy
9155   python-twisted-bin
9156   python-twisted-conch
9157   python-twisted-core
9158   python-twisted-web
9159   python-utidylib
9160   python-webkit
9161   python-xdg
9162   python-zope.interface
9163   remmina
9164   remmina-plugin-data
9165   remmina-plugin-rdp
9166   remmina-plugin-vnc
9167   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9168   rhythmbox-plugins
9169   rpm-common
9170   rpm2cpio
9171   seahorse-plugins
9172   shotwell
9173   software-center
9174   system-config-printer-udev
9175   telepathy-gabble
9176   telepathy-mission-control-5
9177   telepathy-salut
9178   tomboy
9179   totem
9180   totem-coherence
9181   totem-mozilla
9182   totem-plugins
9183   transmission-common
9184   xdg-user-dirs
9185   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
9186   xserver-xephyr
9187 </p></blockquote>
9188
9189 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9190
9191 <blockquote><p>
9192   cheese
9193   ekiga
9194   eog
9195   epiphany-extensions
9196   evolution-exchange
9197   fast-user-switch-applet
9198   file-roller
9199   gcalctool
9200   gconf-editor
9201   gdm
9202   gedit
9203   gedit-common
9204   gnome-games
9205   gnome-games-data
9206   gnome-nettool
9207   gnome-system-tools
9208   gnome-themes
9209   gnuchess
9210   gucharmap
9211   guile-1.8-libs
9212   libavahi-ui0
9213   libdmx1
9214   libgalago3
9215   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9216   libgtksourceview2.0-0
9217   liblircclient0
9218   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
9219   libspeexdsp1
9220   libsvga1
9221   rhythmbox
9222   seahorse
9223   sound-juicer
9224   system-config-printer
9225   totem-common
9226   transmission-gtk
9227   vinagre
9228   vino
9229 </p></blockquote>
9230
9231 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9232
9233 <blockquote><p>
9234   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9235 </p></blockquote>
9236
9237 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9238
9239 <blockquote><p>
9240 [nothing]
9241 </p></blockquote>
9242
9243 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9244
9245 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9246
9247 <blockquote><p>
9248   ksmserver
9249 </p></blockquote>
9250
9251 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9252
9253 <blockquote><p>
9254   kwin
9255   network-manager-kde
9256 </p></blockquote>
9257
9258 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9259
9260 <blockquote><p>
9261   arts
9262   dolphin
9263   freespacenotifier
9264   google-gadgets-gst
9265   google-gadgets-xul
9266   kappfinder
9267   kcalc
9268   kcharselect
9269   kde-core
9270   kde-plasma-desktop
9271   kde-standard
9272   kde-window-manager
9273   kdeartwork
9274   kdeartwork-emoticons
9275   kdeartwork-style
9276   kdeartwork-theme-icon
9277   kdebase
9278   kdebase-apps
9279   kdebase-workspace
9280   kdebase-workspace-bin
9281   kdebase-workspace-data
9282   kdeeject
9283   kdelibs
9284   kdeplasma-addons
9285   kdeutils
9286   kdewallpapers
9287   kdf
9288   kfloppy
9289   kgpg
9290   khelpcenter4
9291   kinfocenter
9292   konq-plugins-l10n
9293   konqueror-nsplugins
9294   kscreensaver
9295   kscreensaver-xsavers
9296   ktimer
9297   kwrite
9298   libgle3
9299   libkde4-ruby1.8
9300   libkonq5
9301   libkonq5-templates
9302   libnetpbm10
9303   libplasma-ruby
9304   libplasma-ruby1.8
9305   libqt4-ruby1.8
9306   marble-data
9307   marble-plugins
9308   netpbm
9309   nuvola-icon-theme
9310   plasma-dataengines-workspace
9311   plasma-desktop
9312   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
9313   plasma-runners-addons
9314   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
9315   plasma-scriptengine-python
9316   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
9317   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
9318   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
9319   plasma-scriptengines
9320   plasma-wallpapers-addons
9321   plasma-widget-folderview
9322   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9323   ruby
9324   sweeper
9325   update-notifier-kde
9326   xscreensaver-data-extra
9327   xscreensaver-gl
9328   xscreensaver-gl-extra
9329   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9330 </p></blockquote>
9331
9332 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9333
9334 <blockquote><p>
9335   ark
9336   google-gadgets-common
9337   google-gadgets-qt
9338   htdig
9339   kate
9340   kdebase-bin
9341   kdebase-data
9342   kdepasswd
9343   kfind
9344   klipper
9345   konq-plugins
9346   konqueror
9347   ksysguard
9348   ksysguardd
9349   libarchive1
9350   libcln6
9351   libeet1
9352   libeina-svn-06
9353   libggadget-1.0-0b
9354   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
9355   libgps19
9356   libkdecorations4
9357   libkephal4
9358   libkonq4
9359   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
9360   libkscreensaver5
9361   libksgrd4
9362   libksignalplotter4
9363   libkunitconversion4
9364   libkwineffects1a
9365   libmarblewidget4
9366   libntrack-qt4-1
9367   libntrack0
9368   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
9369   libplasmaclock4a
9370   libplasmagenericshell4
9371   libprocesscore4a
9372   libprocessui4a
9373   libqalculate5
9374   libqedje0a
9375   libqtruby4shared2
9376   libqzion0a
9377   libruby1.8
9378   libscim8c2a
9379   libsmokekdecore4-3
9380   libsmokekdeui4-3
9381   libsmokekfile3
9382   libsmokekhtml3
9383   libsmokekio3
9384   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
9385   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
9386   libsmokekparts3
9387   libsmokektexteditor3
9388   libsmokekutils3
9389   libsmokenepomuk3
9390   libsmokephonon3
9391   libsmokeplasma3
9392   libsmokeqtcore4-3
9393   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
9394   libsmokeqtgui4-3
9395   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
9396   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
9397   libsmokeqtscript4-3
9398   libsmokeqtsql4-3
9399   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
9400   libsmokeqttest4-3
9401   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
9402   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
9403   libsmokeqtxml4-3
9404   libsmokesolid3
9405   libsmokesoprano3
9406   libtaskmanager4a
9407   libtidy-0.99-0
9408   libweather-ion4a
9409   libxklavier16
9410   libxxf86misc1
9411   okteta
9412   oxygencursors
9413   plasma-dataengines-addons
9414   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
9415   plasma-widget-lancelot
9416   plasma-widgets-addons
9417   plasma-widgets-workspace
9418   polkit-kde-1
9419   ruby1.8
9420   systemsettings
9421   update-notifier-common
9422 </p></blockquote>
9423
9424 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
9425 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
9426 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
9427 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
9428
9429       </div>
9430       <div class="tags">
9431
9432
9433         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9434
9435
9436       </div>
9437     </div>
9438     <div class="padding"></div>
9439
9440     <div class="entry">
9441       <div class="title">
9442         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
9443       </div>
9444       <div class="date">
9445         22nd November 2010
9446       </div>
9447       <div class="body">
9448         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
9449 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
9450 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
9451 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
9452 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
9453 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
9454 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
9455 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
9456 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
9457
9458 <p>I found
9459 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
9460 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
9461 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
9462 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
9463 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
9464 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
9465
9466 <pre>
9467 #!/bin/sh
9468
9469 # Based on
9470 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
9471
9472 set -e
9473 set -x
9474
9475 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
9476     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
9477     exit 1
9478 else
9479     host="$1"
9480 fi
9481
9482 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
9483     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
9484     exit 1
9485 fi
9486
9487 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
9488 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
9489 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
9490 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
9491
9492 img=$host.img
9493 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
9494 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
9495
9496 parted $img mklabel msdos
9497 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
9498 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
9499 parted $img set 1 boot on
9500
9501 modprobe dm-mod
9502 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
9503 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
9504
9505 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
9506 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
9507 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
9508
9509 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
9510 losetup -d /dev/loop0
9511 </pre>
9512
9513 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
9514 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
9515
9516 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
9517 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
9518 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
9519 seem to work just fine.</p>
9520
9521       </div>
9522       <div class="tags">
9523
9524
9525         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9526
9527
9528       </div>
9529     </div>
9530     <div class="padding"></div>
9531
9532     <div class="entry">
9533       <div class="title">
9534         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
9535       </div>
9536       <div class="date">
9537         20th November 2010
9538       </div>
9539       <div class="body">
9540         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
9541 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9542 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
9543 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
9544
9545 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
9546 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
9547 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
9548
9549 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9550
9551 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9552
9553 <blockquote><p>
9554   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
9555   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
9556   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
9557   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
9558   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
9559   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
9560   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
9561   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
9562   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
9563   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
9564   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9565   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9566   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
9567   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
9568   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
9569   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
9570   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9571   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
9572   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9573   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
9574   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
9575   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9576   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
9577   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
9578   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
9579   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9580   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9581   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
9582   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9583   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
9584   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
9585   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
9586   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
9587   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
9588   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
9589   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
9590   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
9591   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
9592   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
9593   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
9594   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
9595   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
9596   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
9597   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
9598   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
9599   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
9600   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
9601   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
9602   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
9603   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
9604   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
9605   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
9606   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9607   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
9608   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
9609   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
9610   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
9611   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
9612   zip
9613 </p></blockquote>
9614
9615 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
9616
9617 <blockquote><p>
9618   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
9619   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
9620   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
9621   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
9622   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
9623   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
9624   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
9625   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
9626   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
9627   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
9628   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
9629   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
9630   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
9631   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
9632   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
9633   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
9634   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9635   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
9636   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
9637   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
9638   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
9639   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
9640   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
9641   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
9642   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
9643   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
9644   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
9645   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
9646   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
9647 </p></blockquote>
9648
9649 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9650
9651 <blockquote><p>
9652   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
9653 </p></blockquote>
9654
9655 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9656
9657 <blockquote><p>
9658 [nothing]
9659 </p></blockquote>
9660
9661 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9662
9663 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9664
9665 <blockquote><p>
9666   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
9667   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
9668   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
9669   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
9670   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
9671   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
9672   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
9673   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
9674   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
9675   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
9676   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
9677   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
9678   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
9679   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
9680   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
9681   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
9682   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
9683   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
9684   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
9685   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
9686   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
9687   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
9688   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
9689   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
9690   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
9691   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
9692   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
9693   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
9694   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
9695   ttf-sazanami-gothic
9696 </p></blockquote>
9697
9698 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9699
9700 <blockquote><p>
9701   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
9702   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
9703   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
9704   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
9705   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
9706   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
9707   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
9708   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
9709   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
9710   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
9711   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
9712   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
9713   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
9714   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
9715   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
9716   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
9717   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
9718   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
9719   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
9720   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
9721   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9722   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
9723   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
9724   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
9725   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
9726   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
9727   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
9728   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
9729   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
9730   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
9731   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
9732   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
9733   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
9734 </p></blockquote>
9735
9736 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9737
9738 <blockquote><p>
9739   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
9740   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
9741   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
9742   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
9743   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9744   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
9745   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9746 </p></blockquote>
9747
9748 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9749
9750 <blockquote><p>
9751   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
9752 </p></blockquote>
9753
9754       </div>
9755       <div class="tags">
9756
9757
9758         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9759
9760
9761       </div>
9762     </div>
9763     <div class="padding"></div>
9764
9765     <div class="entry">
9766       <div class="title">
9767         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
9768       </div>
9769       <div class="date">
9770         20th November 2010
9771       </div>
9772       <div class="body">
9773         <p>Answering
9774 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
9775 call from the Gnash project</a> for
9776 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
9777 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
9778 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
9779 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
9780 releases out more often.</p>
9781
9782 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
9783 I have considered setting up a <a
9784 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
9785 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
9786 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
9787 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
9788 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
9789 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
9790 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
9791 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
9792 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
9793 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
9794 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
9795 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
9796
9797       </div>
9798       <div class="tags">
9799
9800
9801         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9802
9803
9804       </div>
9805     </div>
9806     <div class="padding"></div>
9807
9808     <div class="entry">
9809       <div class="title">
9810         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
9811       </div>
9812       <div class="date">
9813          7th November 2010
9814       </div>
9815       <div class="body">
9816         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
9817 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
9818 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
9819 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
9820 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
9821 working using this DVD.</p>
9822
9823 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
9824 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
9825 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
9826 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
9827 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
9828 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
9829 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
9830
9831 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
9832 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
9833 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
9834 Debian archive.</p>
9835
9836 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
9837 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
9838 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
9839 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
9840 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
9841 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
9842 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
9843 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
9844 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
9845 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
9846 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
9847 free X driver should work.</p>
9848
9849 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
9850 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
9851 DVD more useful again.</p>
9852
9853       </div>
9854       <div class="tags">
9855
9856
9857         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9858
9859
9860       </div>
9861     </div>
9862     <div class="padding"></div>
9863
9864     <div class="entry">
9865       <div class="title">
9866         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
9867       </div>
9868       <div class="date">
9869         24th October 2010
9870       </div>
9871       <div class="body">
9872         <p>Some updates.</p>
9873
9874 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
9875 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
9876 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
9877 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
9878 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
9879 :)</p>
9880
9881 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
9882 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
9883 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
9884 It is called
9885 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
9886 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
9887 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
9888 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
9889 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
9890 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
9891
9892 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
9893 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
9894 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
9895 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
9896 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
9897 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
9898 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
9899 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
9900 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
9901 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
9902
9903       </div>
9904       <div class="tags">
9905
9906
9907         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
9908
9909
9910       </div>
9911     </div>
9912     <div class="padding"></div>
9913
9914     <div class="entry">
9915       <div class="title">
9916         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
9917       </div>
9918       <div class="date">
9919          4th September 2010
9920       </div>
9921       <div class="body">
9922         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
9923 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
9924 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
9925 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
9926 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
9927 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
9928 installed.</p>
9929
9930 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
9931 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
9932 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
9933 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
9934 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9935 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
9936 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
9937 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
9938 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
9939
9940 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
9941 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
9942 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
9943 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
9944 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
9945 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
9946 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
9947 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
9948 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
9949 pages they want to visit.</p>
9950
9951 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
9952 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
9953 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
9954 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
9955 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
9956 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
9957 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
9958 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
9959 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
9960 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
9961 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
9962
9963       </div>
9964       <div class="tags">
9965
9966
9967         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9968
9969
9970       </div>
9971     </div>
9972     <div class="padding"></div>
9973
9974     <div class="entry">
9975       <div class="title">
9976         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
9977       </div>
9978       <div class="date">
9979         30th August 2010
9980       </div>
9981       <div class="body">
9982         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
9983 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
9984 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
9985 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
9986 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
9987 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
9988 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
9989
9990 <pre>
9991 % ln foo bar
9992 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
9993 %
9994 </pre>
9995
9996 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
9997 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
9998 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
9999 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
10000 nevertheless. :)</p>
10001
10002 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
10003 git from
10004 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
10005
10006       </div>
10007       <div class="tags">
10008
10009
10010         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10011
10012
10013       </div>
10014     </div>
10015     <div class="padding"></div>
10016
10017     <div class="entry">
10018       <div class="title">
10019         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
10020       </div>
10021       <div class="date">
10022         26th August 2010
10023       </div>
10024       <div class="body">
10025         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
10026 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
10027 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
10028 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
10029 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
10030 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
10031 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
10032 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
10033 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
10034 Løsningen leveres av
10035 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
10036 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
10037 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
10038 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
10039 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
10040 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
10041 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
10042 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
10043 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
10044
10045       </div>
10046       <div class="tags">
10047
10048
10049         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10050
10051
10052       </div>
10053     </div>
10054     <div class="padding"></div>
10055
10056     <div class="entry">
10057       <div class="title">
10058         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
10059       </div>
10060       <div class="date">
10061         26th August 2010
10062       </div>
10063       <div class="body">
10064         <p>My file system sematics program
10065 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
10066 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
10067 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
10068 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
10069 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
10070 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
10071 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
10072 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
10073 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
10074 script:</p>
10075
10076 <pre>
10077 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
10078   mode_t retval = 0;
10079   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
10080   if (-1 != fd) {
10081     unlink(name);
10082     struct stat statbuf;
10083     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
10084       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
10085     }
10086     close(fd);
10087   }
10088   return retval;
10089 }
10090
10091 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
10092 int test_umask(void) {
10093   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
10094
10095   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
10096   mode_t newmode;
10097   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10098     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
10099            newmode);
10100   }
10101   umask(007);
10102   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10103     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10104            newmode);
10105   }
10106
10107   umask (orig_umask);
10108   return 0;
10109 }
10110
10111 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10112   [...]
10113   test_umask();
10114   return 0;
10115 }
10116 </pre>
10117
10118 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10119
10120 <pre>
10121 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10122 info: testing symlink creation
10123 info: testing subdirectory creation
10124 info: testing fcntl locking
10125   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10126   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10127   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10128   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10129   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10130   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10131 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10132 </pre>
10133
10134 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10135 result:</p>
10136
10137 <pre>
10138 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10139 info: testing symlink creation
10140 info: testing subdirectory creation
10141 info: testing fcntl locking
10142   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10143   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10144   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10145   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10146   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10147   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10148 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10149   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10150   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10151 </pre>
10152
10153 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10154 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10155 directory.</p>
10156
10157 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10158 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10159
10160 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10161 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10162 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10163
10164       </div>
10165       <div class="tags">
10166
10167
10168         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10169
10170
10171       </div>
10172     </div>
10173     <div class="padding"></div>
10174
10175     <div class="entry">
10176       <div class="title">
10177         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
10178       </div>
10179       <div class="date">
10180          9th August 2010
10181       </div>
10182       <div class="body">
10183         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
10184 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
10185 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
10186 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
10187 generated configuration.</p>
10188
10189 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
10190 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
10191 without any manual configuration.</p>
10192
10193 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
10194 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
10195 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
10196 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
10197 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
10198 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
10199 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
10200 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
10201 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
10202 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
10203 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
10204 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
10205 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
10206 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
10207 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
10208 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
10209 use.</p>
10210
10211 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
10212 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
10213 working properly out of the box:</p>
10214
10215 <ul>
10216 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
10217 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
10218 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
10219 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
10220 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
10221 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
10222 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
10223 </ul>
10224
10225 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
10226
10227 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
10228 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
10229 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
10230 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
10231 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
10232
10233 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
10234 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
10235 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
10236 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
10237 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
10238 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
10239 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
10240 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
10241
10242 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
10243 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
10244 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
10245 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
10246 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
10247 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
10248 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
10249 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
10250 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
10251 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
10252 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
10253 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10254 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
10255 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
10256 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
10257 current DNS domain is used.</p>
10258
10259 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
10260 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
10261 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
10262 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
10263 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
10264 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
10265 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
10266 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
10267 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
10268 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
10269 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
10270 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
10271 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
10272
10273 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
10274 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
10275 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
10276 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
10277 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
10278 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
10279 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
10280 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
10281 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
10282 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
10283 do for now. :)</p>
10284
10285 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
10286 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
10287 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
10288 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
10289 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
10290 yet.</p>
10291
10292 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10293 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10294
10295 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
10296 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
10297 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
10298 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
10299
10300       </div>
10301       <div class="tags">
10302
10303
10304         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10305
10306
10307       </div>
10308     </div>
10309     <div class="padding"></div>
10310
10311     <div class="entry">
10312       <div class="title">
10313         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
10314       </div>
10315       <div class="date">
10316          8th August 2010
10317       </div>
10318       <div class="body">
10319         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
10320 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
10321 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
10322 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
10323 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
10324 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
10325 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
10326
10327 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
10328 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
10329 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
10330 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
10331 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
10332 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
10333 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
10334
10335 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
10336 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
10337 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
10338 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
10339 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
10340
10341 <pre>
10342 /*
10343  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
10344  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
10345  * directory.
10346  * License: GPL v2 or later
10347  *
10348  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
10349  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
10350 */
10351
10352 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
10353 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
10354 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
10355
10356 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
10357
10358 #include &lt;errno.h>
10359 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
10360 #include &lt;stdio.h>
10361 #include &lt;string.h>
10362 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
10363 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
10364 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
10365 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
10366 #include &lt;unistd.h>
10367
10368 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10369 /*
10370  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
10371  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
10372  * below.
10373  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
10374  */
10375 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
10376 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
10377   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
10378 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
10379   char *zErrMsg;
10380   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10381   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
10382   unlink(name);
10383   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
10384   if( rc ){
10385     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
10386     sqlite3_close(db);
10387     return -1;
10388   }
10389
10390   /* create tables */
10391   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
10392   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
10393     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
10394     sqlite3_close(db);
10395     return -1;
10396   }
10397   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
10398   sqlite3_close(db);
10399   return 0;
10400 }
10401 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10402
10403 /*
10404  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
10405  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
10406  * done in the sqlite3 library.
10407  * See also
10408  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
10409  * POSIX specification
10410  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
10411  */
10412 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
10413   struct flock fl;
10414   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
10415   unlink(name);
10416   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
10417   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
10418
10419   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
10420   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
10421   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10422   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10423   fl.l_len    = 1;
10424   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10425   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10426
10427   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10428   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10429   fl.l_len    = 510;
10430   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
10431   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10432
10433   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10434   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10435   fl.l_len    = 1;
10436   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10437   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10438
10439   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
10440   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10441   fl.l_len    = 1;
10442   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
10443   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10444
10445   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
10446   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
10447   fl.l_len    = 510;
10448   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10449
10450   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
10451   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
10452   fl.l_len    = 2;
10453   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
10454   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
10455
10456   close(fd);
10457   return 0;
10458 }
10459
10460 /*
10461  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
10462  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
10463  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
10464  * slowing down file operations.
10465  */
10466 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
10467 #define LEVELS 5
10468   char *path = strdup("test");
10469   char *dirs[LEVELS];
10470   int level;
10471   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
10472   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
10473     char *newpath = NULL;
10474     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
10475       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
10476              path, strerror(errno));
10477       break;
10478     }
10479     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
10480     free(path);
10481     path = newpath;
10482   }
10483   return 0;
10484 }
10485
10486 /*
10487  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
10488  * KDE.
10489  */
10490 int test_symlinks(void) {
10491   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
10492   unlink("symlink");
10493   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
10494     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
10495   return 0;
10496 }
10497
10498 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10499   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
10500   test_symlinks();
10501   test_subdirectory_creation();
10502 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
10503   test_sqlite_open();
10504 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
10505   test_gcompris_locking();
10506   return 0;
10507 }
10508 </pre>
10509
10510 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
10511 this:</p>
10512
10513 <pre>
10514 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10515 info: testing symlink creation
10516 info: testing subdirectory creation
10517 info: sqlite worked
10518 info: testing fcntl locking
10519   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10520   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10521   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10522   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10523   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10524   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10525 </pre>
10526
10527 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
10528 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
10529 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
10530 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
10531 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
10532 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
10533 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
10534 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
10535
10536 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
10537 it. :)</p>
10538
10539 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10540 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10541 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10542
10543       </div>
10544       <div class="tags">
10545
10546
10547         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10548
10549
10550       </div>
10551     </div>
10552     <div class="padding"></div>
10553
10554     <div class="entry">
10555       <div class="title">
10556         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
10557       </div>
10558       <div class="date">
10559          7th August 2010
10560       </div>
10561       <div class="body">
10562         <p>A few days ago, I
10563 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
10564 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
10565 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
10566 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
10567 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
10568 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
10569 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
10570 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
10571 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
10572
10573 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
10574 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
10575 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
10576 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
10577 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
10578 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
10579 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
10580 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
10581 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
10582 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
10583 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
10584 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
10585 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
10586 gave it a IP address.</p>
10587
10588 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
10589 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
10590 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
10591 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
10592 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
10593 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
10594 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
10595 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
10596
10597 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
10598 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
10599 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
10600 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
10601 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
10602 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
10603
10604 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
10605 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
10606 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
10607 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
10608 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
10609 with UID and GID values.</p>
10610
10611 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
10612 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10613
10614       </div>
10615       <div class="tags">
10616
10617
10618         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10619
10620
10621       </div>
10622     </div>
10623     <div class="padding"></div>
10624
10625     <div class="entry">
10626       <div class="title">
10627         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
10628       </div>
10629       <div class="date">
10630          3rd August 2010
10631       </div>
10632       <div class="body">
10633         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
10634 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
10635 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
10636 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
10637 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
10638 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
10639 servers.</p>
10640
10641 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
10642 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
10643 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
10644 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
10645 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
10646 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
10647 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
10648 .uio.no.</p>
10649
10650 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
10651 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
10652 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
10653 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
10654 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
10655 university servers.</p>
10656
10657 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
10658 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
10659 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
10660 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
10661 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
10662 uses.</p>
10663
10664       </div>
10665       <div class="tags">
10666
10667
10668         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10669
10670
10671       </div>
10672     </div>
10673     <div class="padding"></div>
10674
10675     <div class="entry">
10676       <div class="title">
10677         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
10678       </div>
10679       <div class="date">
10680         27th July 2010
10681       </div>
10682       <div class="body">
10683         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
10684 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
10685 completed.</p>
10686
10687 <blockquote>
10688 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
10689 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
10690 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
10691 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
10692 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
10693 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
10694 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
10695 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
10696
10697 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
10698 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
10699 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
10700
10701 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
10702 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
10703 much.</p>
10704
10705 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
10706
10707 <ul>
10708 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
10709 <ul>
10710   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
10711          combination with some new artwork
10712   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
10713   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
10714   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
10715   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
10716   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
10717   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
10718   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
10719   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
10720   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
10721 </ul></li>
10722 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
10723     Enabled for:
10724 <ul>
10725   <li>PAM
10726   <li>LDAP
10727   <li>IMAP
10728   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
10729 </ul>
10730 </li>
10731 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
10732 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
10733     fetched from LDAP.</li>
10734 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
10735 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
10736 </ul>
10737 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
10738
10739 <ul>
10740 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
10741     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
10742     for testing.</li>
10743 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
10744     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
10745     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
10746 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
10747 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
10748 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
10749 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
10750     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
10751 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
10752     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
10753     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
10754 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
10755     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
10756     and help out with translations.</li>
10757 </ul>
10758
10759 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
10760
10761 <ul>
10762 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10763 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10764 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10765 </ul>
10766 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
10767
10768 <ul>
10769 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10770 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10771 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10772 </ul>
10773
10774 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
10775 get closer to the final release.</p>
10776
10777 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
10778
10779 <ul>
10780 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10781 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10782 </ul>
10783
10784 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
10785 <ul>
10786 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10787 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10788 </ul>
10789 <p>How to report bugs:
10790 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
10791
10792 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
10793 </blockquote>
10794
10795       </div>
10796       <div class="tags">
10797
10798
10799         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10800
10801
10802       </div>
10803     </div>
10804     <div class="padding"></div>
10805
10806     <div class="entry">
10807       <div class="title">
10808         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
10809       </div>
10810       <div class="date">
10811         25th July 2010
10812       </div>
10813       <div class="body">
10814         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
10815 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
10816 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
10817 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
10818 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
10819
10820 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
10821 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
10822 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
10823 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
10824 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
10825 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
10826 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
10827
10828 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
10829 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
10830 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
10831 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
10832 up. :)</p>
10833
10834 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
10835 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
10836 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
10837
10838 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
10839 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
10840 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
10841 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
10842 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
10843 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
10844 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
10845 release another day.</p>
10846
10847 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
10848 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10849
10850       </div>
10851       <div class="tags">
10852
10853
10854         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
10855
10856
10857       </div>
10858     </div>
10859     <div class="padding"></div>
10860
10861     <div class="entry">
10862       <div class="title">
10863         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
10864       </div>
10865       <div class="date">
10866         17th July 2010
10867       </div>
10868       <div class="body">
10869         <p>This is a
10870 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
10871 on my
10872 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
10873 work</a> on
10874 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
10875 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
10876
10877 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
10878 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
10879 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
10880 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
10881
10882 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
10883 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
10884 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
10885
10886 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
10887
10888 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
10889 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
10890 the web.
10891
10892 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
10893 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
10894 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
10895 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
10896 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
10897 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
10898
10899 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
10900 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
10901 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
10902 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
10903 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
10904 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
10905 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
10906 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
10907 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
10908 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
10909 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
10910 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
10911 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
10912 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
10913 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
10914 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
10915
10916 <blockquote><pre>
10917 ldapsearch -h ldap \
10918   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
10919   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10920   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10921   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10922   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10923   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10924
10925 ldapsearch -h ldap \
10926   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
10927   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
10928   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
10929   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
10930   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
10931 </pre></blockquote>
10932
10933 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
10934 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
10935 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
10936 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10937 also exist.</p>
10938
10939 <blockquote><pre>
10940 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10941 objectclass: top
10942 objectclass: dnsdomain
10943 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10944 dc: tjener
10945 arecord: 10.0.2.2
10946 associateddomain: tjener.intern
10947
10948 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10949 objectclass: top
10950 objectclass: dnsdomain2
10951 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10952 dc: 2
10953 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
10954 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
10955 </pre></blockquote>
10956
10957 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
10958 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
10959 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
10960 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
10961 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
10962 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
10963 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
10964 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
10965 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
10966 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
10967 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
10968 instead.</p>
10969
10970 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
10971 like this:</p>
10972
10973 <blockquote><pre>
10974 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10975   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10976   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10977   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10978   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10979   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10980
10981 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10982   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
10983 </pre></blockquote>
10984
10985 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
10986 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
10987 reverse lookups.</p>
10988
10989 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
10990 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
10991 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
10992 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
10993
10994 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
10995 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
10996 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
10997
10998 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
10999 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
11000 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
11001 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
11002 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
11003
11004 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
11005 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
11006 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
11007 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
11008 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
11009
11010 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
11011 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
11012 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
11013 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
11014 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
11015 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
11016
11017 <blockquote><pre>
11018 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
11019     SUP top
11020     AUXILIARY
11021     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
11022           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
11023           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
11024           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
11025           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
11026     ))
11027 </pre></blockquote>
11028
11029 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
11030 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
11031 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
11032 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
11033 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
11034 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
11035
11036 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
11037
11038 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
11039 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
11040 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
11041 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
11042 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
11043
11044 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
11045 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
11046 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
11047 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
11048
11049 <blockquote><pre>
11050 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
11051 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
11052 </pre></blockquote>
11053
11054 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
11055 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
11056 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
11057 search result is this entry:</p>
11058
11059 <blockquote><pre>
11060 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11061 cn: dhcp
11062 objectClass: top
11063 objectClass: dhcpServer
11064 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11065 </pre></blockquote>
11066
11067 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
11068 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
11069 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
11070 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
11071 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
11072 The search result is this entry:</p>
11073
11074 <blockquote><pre>
11075 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11076 cn: DHCP Config
11077 objectClass: top
11078 objectClass: dhcpService
11079 objectClass: dhcpOptions
11080 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11081 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
11082 dhcpStatements: authoritative
11083 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
11084 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
11085 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
11086 </pre></blockquote>
11087
11088 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
11089 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
11090 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
11091 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
11092 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
11093 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
11094 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
11095 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
11096 related computer objects.</p>
11097
11098 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
11099 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11100 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11101 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11102 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11103 like:</p>
11104
11105 <blockquote><pre>
11106 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11107 cn: hostname
11108 objectClass: top
11109 objectClass: dhcpHost
11110 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11111 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11112 </pre></blockquote>
11113
11114 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11115 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11116 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11117 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11118 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11119 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11120 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11121 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11122 structural object class.
11123
11124 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11125
11126 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11127 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11128 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11129 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11130 in the configuration.</p>
11131
11132 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11133 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11134 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11135 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11136 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11137 structure.</p>
11138
11139 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11140 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11141
11142 <blockquote><pre>
11143 ou=services
11144   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11145     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11146     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11147       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11148         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11149     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11150       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11151         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11152     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11153       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11154 </pre></blockquote>
11155
11156 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11157 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11158 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11159 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11160
11161 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11162 like this:</p>
11163
11164 <blockquote><pre>
11165 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11166 dc: hostname
11167 objectClass: top
11168 objectClass: dhcpHost
11169 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11170 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
11171 associateddomain: hostname.intern
11172 arecord: 10.11.12.13
11173 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11174 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
11175 </pre></blockquote>
11176
11177 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
11178 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
11179 auxiliary object class.</p>
11180
11181       </div>
11182       <div class="tags">
11183
11184
11185         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11186
11187
11188       </div>
11189     </div>
11190     <div class="padding"></div>
11191
11192     <div class="entry">
11193       <div class="title">
11194         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
11195       </div>
11196       <div class="date">
11197         14th July 2010
11198       </div>
11199       <div class="body">
11200         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
11201 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
11202 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
11203 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
11204 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
11205
11206 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
11207 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
11208
11209 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
11210 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
11211 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
11212 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
11213 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
11214 to a slave DNS server.</p>
11215
11216 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
11217 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
11218 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
11219 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
11220 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
11221 seem to work.</p>
11222
11223 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
11224 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
11225 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
11226 this:</p>
11227
11228 <blockquote><pre>
11229   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11230   cn: hostname
11231   objectClass: dhcphost
11232   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11233   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
11234   associateddomain: hostname.intern
11235   arecord: 10.11.12.13
11236   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11237   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
11238   ldapconfigsound: Y
11239 </pre></blockquote>
11240
11241 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
11242 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
11243 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
11244 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
11245
11246 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
11247 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
11248 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
11249 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
11250 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
11251 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
11252 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
11253 might be a good place to put it.</p>
11254
11255 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11256 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11257
11258       </div>
11259       <div class="tags">
11260
11261
11262         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11263
11264
11265       </div>
11266     </div>
11267     <div class="padding"></div>
11268
11269     <div class="entry">
11270       <div class="title">
11271         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
11272       </div>
11273       <div class="date">
11274         11th July 2010
11275       </div>
11276       <div class="body">
11277         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
11278 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
11279 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
11280 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
11281
11282 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
11283 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
11284 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
11285 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
11286 LTSP clients.</p>
11287
11288 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
11289 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
11290 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
11291
11292 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
11293 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
11294 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
11295
11296 <blockquote><pre>
11297 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
11298 #
11299 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
11300 #
11301 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
11302 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
11303 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
11304 #
11305 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
11306 # existence of attribute names.
11307 #
11308 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
11309 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
11310 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
11311 #
11312 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
11313 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
11314 #
11315 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
11316 #     SUP top
11317 #     AUXILIARY
11318 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
11319
11320 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
11321 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
11322     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
11323     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
11324         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
11325         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
11326             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
11327             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
11328             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
11329             # bass value on to clients
11330             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
11331         done
11332     done
11333 fi
11334 </pre></blockquote>
11335
11336 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
11337 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
11338 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
11339 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
11340 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
11341
11342 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11343 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11344
11345 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
11346 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
11347 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
11348 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
11349 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
11350 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
11351
11352       </div>
11353       <div class="tags">
11354
11355
11356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11357
11358
11359       </div>
11360     </div>
11361     <div class="padding"></div>
11362
11363     <div class="entry">
11364       <div class="title">
11365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11366       </div>
11367       <div class="date">
11368          9th July 2010
11369       </div>
11370       <div class="body">
11371         <p>Since
11372 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
11373 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
11374 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
11375 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
11376 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
11377 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
11378 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
11379 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
11380 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
11381 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
11382 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
11383 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
11384 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
11385
11386       </div>
11387       <div class="tags">
11388
11389
11390         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11391
11392
11393       </div>
11394     </div>
11395     <div class="padding"></div>
11396
11397     <div class="entry">
11398       <div class="title">
11399         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
11400       </div>
11401       <div class="date">
11402          3rd July 2010
11403       </div>
11404       <div class="body">
11405         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
11406 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
11407 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
11408 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
11409 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
11410 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
11411 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
11412 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
11413
11414 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
11415 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
11416 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
11417 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
11418 publish the difference.</p>
11419
11420 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
11421
11422 <blockquote><p>
11423   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
11424   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
11425   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
11426   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
11427   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
11428   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11429   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
11430   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
11431 </p></blockquote>
11432
11433 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
11434
11435 <blockquote><p>
11436   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
11437   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
11438   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
11439   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
11440   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
11441   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
11442   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
11443   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
11444   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11445   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11446   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
11447   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
11448   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
11449   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
11450   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
11451   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
11452   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
11453   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
11454   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
11455   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
11456 </p></blockquote>
11457
11458 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
11459
11460 <blockquote><p>
11461   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
11462   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
11463   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11464   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11465   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
11466   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
11467   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
11468   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11469   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11470   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11471   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11472   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
11473   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
11474   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
11475   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
11476   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
11477   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
11478   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
11479   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
11480   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
11481   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
11482 </p></blockquote>
11483
11484 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
11485
11486 <blockquote><p>
11487   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
11488   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
11489   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
11490 </p></blockquote>
11491
11492 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
11493 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
11494 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
11495 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
11496 the difference somewhat.
11497
11498       </div>
11499       <div class="tags">
11500
11501
11502         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11503
11504
11505       </div>
11506     </div>
11507     <div class="padding"></div>
11508
11509     <div class="entry">
11510       <div class="title">
11511         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
11512       </div>
11513       <div class="date">
11514          1st July 2010
11515       </div>
11516       <div class="body">
11517         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
11518 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
11519 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
11520 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
11521 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
11522 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
11523 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
11524 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
11525 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
11526
11527 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
11528
11529 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
11530 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
11531 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
11532 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
11533 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
11534 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
11535 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
11536 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
11537 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
11538 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
11539 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
11540 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
11541 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
11542 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
11543 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
11544
11545 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
11546
11547 <blockquote><pre>
11548 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
11549 </pre></blockquote>
11550
11551 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
11552 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
11553 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
11554 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
11555 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
11556 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
11557 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
11558 on how to get this working.</p>
11559
11560 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
11561 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
11562 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
11563 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
11564 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
11565 instructions I found in the
11566 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
11567 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
11568
11569 <blockquote><pre>
11570         debug-level             0
11571         reload-count            unlimited
11572         paranoia                no
11573
11574         enable-cache            passwd          yes
11575         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
11576         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
11577         suggested-size          passwd          211
11578         check-files             passwd          yes
11579         persistent              passwd          yes
11580         shared                  passwd          yes
11581         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
11582         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
11583
11584         enable-cache            group           yes
11585         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
11586         negative-time-to-live   group           20
11587         suggested-size          group           211
11588         check-files             group           yes
11589         persistent              group           yes
11590         shared                  group           yes
11591         max-db-size             group           33554432
11592         auto-propagate          group           yes
11593
11594         enable-cache            hosts           no
11595         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
11596         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
11597         suggested-size          hosts           211
11598         check-files             hosts           yes
11599         persistent              hosts           yes
11600         shared                  hosts           yes
11601         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
11602
11603         enable-cache            services        yes
11604         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
11605         negative-time-to-live   services        20
11606         suggested-size          services        211
11607         check-files             services        yes
11608         persistent              services        yes
11609         shared                  services        yes
11610         max-db-size             services        33554432
11611 </pre></blockquote>
11612
11613 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
11614 automatically like the one provided in
11615 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
11616 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
11617 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
11618 look like this:</p>
11619
11620 <blockquote><pre>
11621 passwd:         files ldap
11622 group:          files ldap
11623 shadow:         files ldap
11624 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
11625 networks:       files
11626 protocols:      files
11627 services:       files
11628 ethers:         files
11629 rpc:            files
11630 netgroup:       files ldap
11631 </pre></blockquote>
11632
11633 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
11634 shadow and netgroup.</p>
11635
11636 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
11637 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
11638 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
11639 attributes cached.
11640
11641 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
11642   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
11643
11644 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
11645 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
11646 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
11647 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
11648 discovered sssd.</p>
11649
11650 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
11651
11652 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
11653 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
11654 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
11655 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
11656 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
11657 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
11658 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
11659 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
11660 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
11661 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
11662 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
11663 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
11664 version 1.2 is now in testing.
11665
11666 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
11667 roaming setup I want</p>
11668
11669 <blockquote><pre>
11670 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
11671 </pre></blockquote>
11672
11673 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
11674 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
11675
11676 <blockquote><pre>
11677 [sssd]
11678 config_file_version = 2
11679 reconnection_retries = 3
11680 sbus_timeout = 30
11681 services = nss, pam
11682 domains = INTERN
11683
11684 [nss]
11685 filter_groups = root
11686 filter_users = root
11687 reconnection_retries = 3
11688
11689 [pam]
11690 reconnection_retries = 3
11691
11692 [domain/INTERN]
11693 enumerate = false
11694 cache_credentials = true
11695
11696 id_provider = ldap
11697 auth_provider = ldap
11698 chpass_provider = ldap
11699
11700 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
11701 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11702 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
11703 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
11704 </pre></blockquote>
11705
11706 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
11707 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
11708
11709 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
11710 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
11711 modify it manually.</p>
11712
11713 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11714 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11715
11716       </div>
11717       <div class="tags">
11718
11719
11720         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11721
11722
11723       </div>
11724     </div>
11725     <div class="padding"></div>
11726
11727     <div class="entry">
11728       <div class="title">
11729         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11730       </div>
11731       <div class="date">
11732         28th June 2010
11733       </div>
11734       <div class="body">
11735         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
11736 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
11737 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
11738 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
11739 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
11740 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
11741 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
11742 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
11743 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
11744 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
11745
11746 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
11747 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
11748 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
11749 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
11750 released.</p>
11751
11752 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
11753 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
11754 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
11755 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
11756
11757 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
11758 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11759
11760 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
11761 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
11762 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
11763 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
11764 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
11765
11766       </div>
11767       <div class="tags">
11768
11769
11770         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11771
11772
11773       </div>
11774     </div>
11775     <div class="padding"></div>
11776
11777     <div class="entry">
11778       <div class="title">
11779         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
11780       </div>
11781       <div class="date">
11782         24th June 2010
11783       </div>
11784       <div class="body">
11785         <p>A while back, I
11786 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
11787 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
11788 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
11789 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
11790
11791 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
11792 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
11793 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
11794 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
11795
11796 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
11797 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
11798 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
11799 Debian Edu.</p>
11800
11801 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
11802 the
11803 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
11804 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
11805 available today from IETF.</p>
11806
11807 <pre>
11808 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
11809 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
11810 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
11811  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
11812         NAME 'dhcpHost'
11813         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
11814 -       SUP top
11815 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
11816         MUST cn
11817         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
11818         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
11819 </pre>
11820
11821 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
11822 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
11823 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
11824
11825 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11826 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11827
11828       </div>
11829       <div class="tags">
11830
11831
11832         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11833
11834
11835       </div>
11836     </div>
11837     <div class="padding"></div>
11838
11839     <div class="entry">
11840       <div class="title">
11841         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
11842       </div>
11843       <div class="date">
11844         13th June 2010
11845       </div>
11846       <div class="body">
11847         <p>My
11848 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
11849 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
11850 finally made the upgrade logs available from
11851 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
11852 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
11853 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
11854 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
11855
11856 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
11857 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
11858 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
11859 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
11860 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
11861 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
11862 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
11863 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
11864
11865 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
11866 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
11867 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
11868 too surprising.</p>
11869
11870 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
11871 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
11872 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
11873 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
11874 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
11875 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
11876 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
11877 continue.</p>
11878
11879 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
11880 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
11881   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
11882   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
11883   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
11884   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
11885   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
11886   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11887   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11888   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11889   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11890   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11891   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11892   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11893   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11894   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11895   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11896   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11897   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11898   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11899   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11900   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11901   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11902   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11903   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11904   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11905   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11906   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11907   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
11908   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
11909
11910 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
11911
11912 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
11913   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
11914   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
11915   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
11916   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11917   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
11918   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
11919   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
11920   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
11921   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
11922   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11923   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
11924   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11925   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
11926   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
11927   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
11928   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
11929   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
11930   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
11931   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
11932   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
11933   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
11934   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
11935   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
11936   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11937   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
11938   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
11939   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
11940   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
11941   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11942   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
11943   zip</p>
11944
11945 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
11946
11947 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
11948   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
11949   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
11950   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
11951   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
11952   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
11953   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11954   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11955   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11956   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11957   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11958   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11959   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11960   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11961   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11962   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11963   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11964   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11965   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11966   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11967   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11968   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11969   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11970   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11971   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11972   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11973   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11974   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
11975
11976 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
11977 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
11978   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11979   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
11980   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
11981   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11982   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
11983   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
11984   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11985   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
11986   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
11987   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
11988   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
11989   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
11990   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
11991   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
11992   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
11993   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11994   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11995   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11996   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
11997   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11998   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
11999   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
12000   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
12001   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
12002   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
12003   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
12004   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
12005   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
12006   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
12007   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
12008   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
12009   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
12010   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
12011   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12012   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12013   xulrunner-1.9</p>
12014
12015
12016       </div>
12017       <div class="tags">
12018
12019
12020         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12021
12022
12023       </div>
12024     </div>
12025     <div class="padding"></div>
12026
12027     <div class="entry">
12028       <div class="title">
12029         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
12030       </div>
12031       <div class="date">
12032         11th June 2010
12033       </div>
12034       <div class="body">
12035         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
12036 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
12037 have been discovered and reported in the process
12038 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
12039 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
12040 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
12041 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
12042 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
12043
12044 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
12045 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
12046 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
12047 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
12048 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
12049 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
12050
12051 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
12052 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
12053 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12054 is created.  The bug report
12055 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
12056 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
12057 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
12058 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
12059 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
12060 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
12061 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
12062 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
12063 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
12064 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
12065 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
12066 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
12067 Debian Squeeze.</p>
12068
12069 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
12070 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
12071 trick:</p>
12072
12073 <blockquote><pre>
12074 #!/bin/sh
12075 set -ex
12076
12077 if [ "$1" ] ; then
12078     desktop=$1
12079 else
12080     desktop=gnome
12081 fi
12082
12083 from=lenny
12084 to=squeeze
12085
12086 exec &lt; /dev/null
12087 unset LANG
12088 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
12089 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
12090 fuser -mv .
12091 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
12092 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12093 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
12094 #!/bin/sh
12095 exit 101
12096 EOF
12097 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
12098 exit_cleanup() {
12099     umount $tmpdir/proc
12100 }
12101 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12102 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12103 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12104
12105 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12106
12107 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12108 # to return the correct answers.
12109 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12110     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12111
12112 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12113 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12114     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12115 #!/bin/sh
12116 exit 2
12117 EOF
12118     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12119 done
12120
12121 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12122 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12123 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12124 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12125
12126 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12127 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12128 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12129 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12130 fuser -mv
12131 </pre></blockquote>
12132
12133 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12134 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12135 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12136 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12137 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12138 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12139
12140 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12141 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12142 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12143 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12144 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12145 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12146 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12147
12148 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12149 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12150 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12151 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12152 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12153 packages.</p>
12154
12155       </div>
12156       <div class="tags">
12157
12158
12159         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12160
12161
12162       </div>
12163     </div>
12164     <div class="padding"></div>
12165
12166     <div class="entry">
12167       <div class="title">
12168         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
12169       </div>
12170       <div class="date">
12171          9th June 2010
12172       </div>
12173       <div class="body">
12174         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
12175 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
12176 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
12177 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
12178 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
12179 blygsel:</p>
12180
12181 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
12182 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
12183 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
12184 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
12185 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
12186 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
12187
12188 <p>En <a
12189 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
12190 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
12191 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
12192 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
12193 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
12194 nettet sendte meg til
12195 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
12196 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
12197
12198 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
12199 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
12200 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
12201 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
12202 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
12203
12204 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
12205 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
12206 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
12207 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
12208 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
12209 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
12210 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
12211 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
12212 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
12213
12214 <blockquote>
12215 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
12216 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
12217 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
12218 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
12219 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
12220 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
12221 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
12222 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12223
12224 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
12225 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
12226 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
12227 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
12228 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
12229 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
12230 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
12231 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
12232 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
12233 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
12234
12235 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
12236 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
12237 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
12238 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
12239
12240 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
12241 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
12242 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
12243 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
12244 arbeid.</p>
12245 </blockquote>
12246
12247 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
12248 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
12249 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
12250 minner.</p>
12251
12252       </div>
12253       <div class="tags">
12254
12255
12256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12257
12258
12259       </div>
12260     </div>
12261     <div class="padding"></div>
12262
12263     <div class="entry">
12264       <div class="title">
12265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
12266       </div>
12267       <div class="date">
12268          6th June 2010
12269       </div>
12270       <div class="body">
12271         <p>Via the
12272 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
12273 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
12274 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
12275 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
12276 following the standards wars of today.</p>
12277
12278       </div>
12279       <div class="tags">
12280
12281
12282         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
12283
12284
12285       </div>
12286     </div>
12287     <div class="padding"></div>
12288
12289     <div class="entry">
12290       <div class="title">
12291         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
12292       </div>
12293       <div class="date">
12294          3rd June 2010
12295       </div>
12296       <div class="body">
12297         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
12298 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
12299 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
12300 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
12301 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
12302
12303 <blockquote><pre>
12304 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
12305   vendor                    count
12306   Dell Computer Corporation     1
12307     PowerEdge 1750              1
12308   IBM                           1
12309     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
12310   Intel                         2
12311   [no-dmi-info]                 3
12312 maintainer:~#
12313 </pre></blockquote>
12314
12315 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
12316 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
12317 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
12318 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
12319 option to list the individual machines.</p>
12320
12321 <p>A larger list is
12322 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
12323 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
12324 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
12325 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
12326 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
12327 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
12328 collector.</p>
12329
12330       </div>
12331       <div class="tags">
12332
12333
12334         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12335
12336
12337       </div>
12338     </div>
12339     <div class="padding"></div>
12340
12341     <div class="entry">
12342       <div class="title">
12343         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
12344       </div>
12345       <div class="date">
12346          1st June 2010
12347       </div>
12348       <div class="body">
12349         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
12350 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
12351 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
12352 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
12353 wait.</p>
12354
12355 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
12356 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
12357 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
12358 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
12359 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
12360 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
12361
12362 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
12363 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
12364 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
12365 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
12366 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
12367 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
12368 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
12369 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
12370
12371 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
12372
12373       </div>
12374       <div class="tags">
12375
12376
12377         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12378
12379
12380       </div>
12381     </div>
12382     <div class="padding"></div>
12383
12384     <div class="entry">
12385       <div class="title">
12386         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
12387       </div>
12388       <div class="date">
12389         27th May 2010
12390       </div>
12391       <div class="body">
12392         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
12393 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
12394 issues are known and should be solved:
12395
12396 <p><ul>
12397
12398 <li>The wicd package seen to
12399 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
12400 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
12401 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
12402 seem to be on the case.</li>
12403
12404 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
12405 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
12406 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
12407 maintainer is on the case.</li>
12408
12409 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
12410 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
12411 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
12412 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
12413 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
12414 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
12415 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
12416 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
12417
12418 </ul></p>
12419
12420 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
12421 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
12422 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
12423 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
12424
12425 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12426 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12427 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12428 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12429
12430 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
12431
12432       </div>
12433       <div class="tags">
12434
12435
12436         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12437
12438
12439       </div>
12440     </div>
12441     <div class="padding"></div>
12442
12443     <div class="entry">
12444       <div class="title">
12445         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
12446       </div>
12447       <div class="date">
12448         22nd May 2010
12449       </div>
12450       <div class="body">
12451         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
12452 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
12453 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
12454 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
12455
12456 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
12457 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
12458 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
12459 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
12460 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
12461 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
12462 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
12463 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
12464 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
12465 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
12466 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
12467 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
12468 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
12469 going to work.</p>
12470
12471 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
12472 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
12473 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
12474 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
12475 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
12476 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
12477 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
12478 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
12479 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
12480 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
12481 Edu.</p>
12482
12483 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
12484 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
12485 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
12486 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
12487 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
12488 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
12489
12490 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
12491 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
12492
12493       </div>
12494       <div class="tags">
12495
12496
12497         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12498
12499
12500       </div>
12501     </div>
12502     <div class="padding"></div>
12503
12504     <div class="entry">
12505       <div class="title">
12506         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
12507       </div>
12508       <div class="date">
12509         19th May 2010
12510       </div>
12511       <div class="body">
12512         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
12513 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
12514 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
12515 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
12516 into unstable.  The
12517 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
12518 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
12519 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
12520 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
12521 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12522 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
12523 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
12524
12525 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
12526 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
12527 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
12528 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
12529 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
12530 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
12531 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
12532 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
12533
12534 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
12535 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
12536 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
12537 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
12538 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
12539 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
12540 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
12541
12542 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
12543 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
12544 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
12545 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
12546 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
12547 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
12548 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
12549 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
12550 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
12551 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
12552 on the home directory servers.</p>
12553
12554 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
12555 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
12556 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
12557 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
12558 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
12559 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
12560
12561 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12562 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12563
12564       </div>
12565       <div class="tags">
12566
12567
12568         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12569
12570
12571       </div>
12572     </div>
12573     <div class="padding"></div>
12574
12575     <div class="entry">
12576       <div class="title">
12577         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
12578       </div>
12579       <div class="date">
12580         14th May 2010
12581       </div>
12582       <div class="body">
12583         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
12584 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
12585 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
12586 expected, if I am to believe the
12587 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
12588 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
12589 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
12590 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
12591 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
12592 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
12593 version.</p>
12594
12595 More information about
12596 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
12597 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
12598 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
12599 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
12600
12601 <blockquote><pre>
12602 CONCURRENCY=none
12603 </pre></blockquote>
12604
12605 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
12606 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
12607 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
12608 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
12609
12610       </div>
12611       <div class="tags">
12612
12613
12614         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12615
12616
12617       </div>
12618     </div>
12619     <div class="padding"></div>
12620
12621     <div class="entry">
12622       <div class="title">
12623         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
12624       </div>
12625       <div class="date">
12626         14th May 2010
12627       </div>
12628       <div class="body">
12629         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
12630 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
12631 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
12632 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
12633 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
12634 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
12635 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
12636 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
12637
12638 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
12639 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
12640 this on the collector host:</p>
12641
12642 <blockquote><pre>
12643 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
12644 </pre></blockquote>
12645
12646 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
12647 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
12648
12649 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
12650 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
12651 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
12652 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
12653 written yet.</p>
12654
12655       </div>
12656       <div class="tags">
12657
12658
12659         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12660
12661
12662       </div>
12663     </div>
12664     <div class="padding"></div>
12665
12666     <div class="entry">
12667       <div class="title">
12668         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
12669       </div>
12670       <div class="date">
12671          2nd May 2010
12672       </div>
12673       <div class="body">
12674         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
12675 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
12676 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
12677
12678 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
12679 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
12680 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
12681 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
12682 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
12683
12684 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
12685 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
12686
12687 <blockquote><pre>
12688 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12689 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
12690 Password expires                                        : never
12691 Password inactive                                       : never
12692 Account expires                                         : never
12693 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12694 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
12695 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12696 root@tjener:~#
12697 </pre></blockquote>
12698
12699 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
12700 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
12701 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
12702 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
12703 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
12704 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
12705
12706 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
12707 intended:</p>
12708
12709 <blockquote><pre>
12710 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
12711 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12712 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
12713 Password expires                                        : never
12714 Password inactive                                       : never
12715 Account expires                                         : never
12716 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12717 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
12718 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12719 root@tjener:~#
12720 </pre></blockquote>
12721
12722 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
12723 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
12724 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
12725
12726 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
12727 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
12728
12729 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
12730 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12731
12732 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
12733 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
12734 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
12735 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
12736 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
12737 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
12738 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
12739
12740 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
12741 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
12742 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
12743 change.</p>
12744
12745       </div>
12746       <div class="tags">
12747
12748
12749         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12750
12751
12752       </div>
12753     </div>
12754     <div class="padding"></div>
12755
12756     <div class="entry">
12757       <div class="title">
12758         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
12759       </div>
12760       <div class="date">
12761         28th April 2010
12762       </div>
12763       <div class="body">
12764         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
12765 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
12766 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
12767 and go.</p>
12768
12769 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
12770 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
12771 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
12772 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
12773
12774 <ul>
12775
12776  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
12777    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
12778    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
12779    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
12780    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
12781    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
12782    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
12783    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
12784    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
12785    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
12786    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
12787    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
12788
12789  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
12790    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
12791    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
12792    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
12793    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12794    or the Fedora developed
12795    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
12796    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
12797
12798  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
12799    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
12800    directory, using unison.</li>
12801
12802  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
12803    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
12804    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
12805    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
12806    implemented.</li>
12807
12808  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
12809    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
12810
12811  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
12812    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
12813    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
12814
12815 </ul>
12816
12817 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
12818 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
12819 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
12820 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
12821 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
12822 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
12823 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
12824 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
12825 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
12826
12827 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12828 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12829
12830       </div>
12831       <div class="tags">
12832
12833
12834         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12835
12836
12837       </div>
12838     </div>
12839     <div class="padding"></div>
12840
12841     <div class="entry">
12842       <div class="title">
12843         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
12844       </div>
12845       <div class="date">
12846         14th April 2010
12847       </div>
12848       <div class="body">
12849         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
12850 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
12851 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
12852 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
12853 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
12854 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
12855 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
12856 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
12857 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
12858
12859 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
12860 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
12861 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
12862 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
12863 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
12864
12865 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
12866 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
12867
12868 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
12869 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
12870 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
12871 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
12872 to work properly.</p>
12873
12874 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
12875 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
12876 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
12877 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
12878 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
12879 time.</p>
12880
12881 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
12882 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
12883 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
12884 up in a few days.</p>
12885
12886       </div>
12887       <div class="tags">
12888
12889
12890         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12891
12892
12893       </div>
12894     </div>
12895     <div class="padding"></div>
12896
12897     <div class="entry">
12898       <div class="title">
12899         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
12900       </div>
12901       <div class="date">
12902          6th March 2010
12903       </div>
12904       <div class="body">
12905         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
12906 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
12907 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
12908 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
12909 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
12910 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
12911
12912 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
12913 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
12914 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
12915 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
12916
12917 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
12918 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
12919 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
12920 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
12921 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
12922 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
12923
12924       </div>
12925       <div class="tags">
12926
12927
12928         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12929
12930
12931       </div>
12932     </div>
12933     <div class="padding"></div>
12934
12935     <div class="entry">
12936       <div class="title">
12937         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
12938       </div>
12939       <div class="date">
12940         11th February 2010
12941       </div>
12942       <div class="body">
12943         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
12944 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
12945 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
12946 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
12947 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
12948 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
12949 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
12950
12951 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
12952
12953 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
12954 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
12955 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
12956 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
12957
12958       </div>
12959       <div class="tags">
12960
12961
12962         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12963
12964
12965       </div>
12966     </div>
12967     <div class="padding"></div>
12968
12969     <div class="entry">
12970       <div class="title">
12971         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
12972       </div>
12973       <div class="date">
12974         27th January 2010
12975       </div>
12976       <div class="body">
12977         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
12978 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
12979 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
12980 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
12981 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
12982 further.</p>
12983
12984 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
12985 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
12986 configured to be a server for the
12987 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
12988 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
12989 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
12990 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
12991 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
12992 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
12993 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
12994 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
12995 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
12996 and Nagios configuration.</p>
12997
12998 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
12999 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
13000 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
13001 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
13002
13003 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
13004 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
13005 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
13006 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
13007 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
13008 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
13009 the machine.</p>
13010
13011 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
13012 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
13013 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
13014 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
13015
13016 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
13017 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
13018 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
13019 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
13020 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
13021 everything is taken care of.</p>
13022
13023       </div>
13024       <div class="tags">
13025
13026
13027         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13028
13029
13030       </div>
13031     </div>
13032     <div class="padding"></div>
13033
13034     <div class="entry">
13035       <div class="title">
13036         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
13037       </div>
13038       <div class="date">
13039         17th December 2009
13040       </div>
13041       <div class="body">
13042         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
13043 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
13044 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
13045 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
13046 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
13047 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
13048 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
13049 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
13050 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
13051 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
13052 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
13053 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
13054 til å arrangere
13055 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
13056 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
13057 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
13058 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
13059 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
13060 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
13061 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
13062 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
13063 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
13064 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
13065 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
13066 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
13067 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
13068 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
13069 Resten er historie. :)</p>
13070
13071       </div>
13072       <div class="tags">
13073
13074
13075         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13076
13077
13078       </div>
13079     </div>
13080     <div class="padding"></div>
13081
13082     <div class="entry">
13083       <div class="title">
13084         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
13085       </div>
13086       <div class="date">
13087          2nd November 2009
13088       </div>
13089       <div class="body">
13090         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
13091 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
13092 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
13093 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
13094 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
13095 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
13096 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
13097 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
13098 hjertelig velkommen til
13099 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13100 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13101
13102 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13103 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13104 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13105 GNU.</blockquote>
13106
13107       </div>
13108       <div class="tags">
13109
13110
13111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13112
13113
13114       </div>
13115     </div>
13116     <div class="padding"></div>
13117
13118     <div class="entry">
13119       <div class="title">
13120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13121       </div>
13122       <div class="date">
13123         29th March 2009
13124       </div>
13125       <div class="body">
13126         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13127 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13128 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13129 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13130 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13131 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13132 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13133 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13134 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13135 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13136 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13137 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13138 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13139 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13140 now. :)</p>
13141
13142       </div>
13143       <div class="tags">
13144
13145
13146         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13147
13148
13149       </div>
13150     </div>
13151     <div class="padding"></div>
13152
13153     <div class="entry">
13154       <div class="title">
13155         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13156       </div>
13157       <div class="date">
13158         29th March 2009
13159       </div>
13160       <div class="body">
13161         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13162 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13163 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
13164 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
13165 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
13166 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
13167
13168 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
13169 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
13170 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
13171 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
13172 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
13173 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
13174 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
13175 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
13176 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
13177 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
13178 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
13179 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
13180 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
13181
13182 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
13183 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
13184 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
13185 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
13186
13187 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
13188 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
13189
13190 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
13191 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
13192 new IETF work group?</p>
13193
13194       </div>
13195       <div class="tags">
13196
13197
13198         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13199
13200
13201       </div>
13202     </div>
13203     <div class="padding"></div>
13204
13205     <div class="entry">
13206       <div class="title">
13207         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
13208       </div>
13209       <div class="date">
13210         15th February 2009
13211       </div>
13212       <div class="body">
13213         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
13214 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
13215 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
13216 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
13217 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
13218 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
13219 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
13220 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
13221 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
13222 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
13223 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
13224 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
13225
13226       </div>
13227       <div class="tags">
13228
13229
13230         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13231
13232
13233       </div>
13234     </div>
13235     <div class="padding"></div>
13236
13237     <div class="entry">
13238       <div class="title">
13239         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
13240       </div>
13241       <div class="date">
13242         26th December 2008
13243       </div>
13244       <div class="body">
13245         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
13246 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
13247 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
13248 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
13249 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
13250 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
13251 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
13252 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
13253 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
13254 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
13255 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
13256 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
13257 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
13258 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
13259
13260 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
13261 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
13262 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
13263 og
13264 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
13265 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
13266 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
13267 stavekontrollen.</p>
13268
13269       </div>
13270       <div class="tags">
13271
13272
13273         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
13274
13275
13276       </div>
13277     </div>
13278     <div class="padding"></div>
13279
13280     <div class="entry">
13281       <div class="title">
13282         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
13283       </div>
13284       <div class="date">
13285          7th December 2008
13286       </div>
13287       <div class="body">
13288         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
13289 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
13290 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
13291 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
13292 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
13293 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
13294 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
13295 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
13296
13297 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
13298 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
13299 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
13300 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
13301 of these cards.</p>
13302
13303       </div>
13304       <div class="tags">
13305
13306
13307         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
13308
13309
13310       </div>
13311     </div>
13312     <div class="padding"></div>
13313
13314     <div class="entry">
13315       <div class="title">
13316         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
13317       </div>
13318       <div class="date">
13319         25th November 2008
13320       </div>
13321       <div class="body">
13322         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
13323 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
13324 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
13325 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
13326 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
13327 notes are available on
13328 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
13329 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
13330 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
13331 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
13332 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
13333 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
13334 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
13335 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
13336 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
13337
13338 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
13339 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
13340
13341       </div>
13342       <div class="tags">
13343
13344
13345         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
13346
13347
13348       </div>
13349     </div>
13350     <div class="padding"></div>
13351
13352     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
13353     <div id="sidebar">
13354
13355
13356
13357 <h2>Archive</h2>
13358 <ul>
13359
13360 <li>2014
13361 <ul>
13362
13363 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13364
13365 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
13366
13367 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (2)</a></li>
13368
13369 </ul></li>
13370
13371 <li>2013
13372 <ul>
13373
13374 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
13375
13376 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
13377
13378 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
13379
13380 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
13381
13382 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13383
13384 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
13385
13386 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13387
13388 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13389
13390 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
13391
13392 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
13393
13394 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
13395
13396 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13397
13398 </ul></li>
13399
13400 <li>2012
13401 <ul>
13402
13403 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
13404
13405 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
13406
13407 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
13408
13409 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
13410
13411 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
13412
13413 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
13414
13415 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
13416
13417 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13418
13419 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
13420
13421 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
13422
13423 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
13424
13425 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13426
13427 </ul></li>
13428
13429 <li>2011
13430 <ul>
13431
13432 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
13433
13434 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
13435
13436 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
13437
13438 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
13439
13440 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
13441
13442 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
13443
13444 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
13445
13446 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
13447
13448 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
13449
13450 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
13451
13452 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
13453
13454 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
13455
13456 </ul></li>
13457
13458 <li>2010
13459 <ul>
13460
13461 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
13462
13463 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
13464
13465 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
13466
13467 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
13468
13469 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13470
13471 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
13472
13473 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
13474
13475 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
13476
13477 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
13478
13479 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
13480
13481 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
13482
13483 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
13484
13485 </ul></li>
13486
13487 <li>2009
13488 <ul>
13489
13490 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
13491
13492 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
13493
13494 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
13495
13496 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
13497
13498 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
13499
13500 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
13501
13502 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
13503
13504 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
13505
13506 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
13507
13508 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
13509
13510 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
13511
13512 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
13513
13514 </ul></li>
13515
13516 <li>2008
13517 <ul>
13518
13519 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
13520
13521 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
13522
13523 </ul></li>
13524
13525 </ul>
13526
13527
13528
13529 <h2>Tags</h2>
13530 <ul>
13531
13532  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
13533
13534  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
13535
13536  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
13537
13538  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
13539
13540  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
13541
13542  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
13543
13544  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
13545
13546  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
13547
13548  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (94)</a></li>
13549
13550  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (145)</a></li>
13551
13552  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
13553
13554  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
13555
13556  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
13557
13558  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (237)</a></li>
13559
13560  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
13561
13562  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
13563
13564  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
13565
13566  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (5)</a></li>
13567
13568  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
13569
13570  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (39)</a></li>
13571
13572  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
13573
13574  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
13575
13576  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
13577
13578  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (7)</a></li>
13579
13580  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
13581
13582  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (7)</a></li>
13583
13584  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
13585
13586  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (241)</a></li>
13587
13588  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (161)</a></li>
13589
13590  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (10)</a></li>
13591
13592  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
13593
13594  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (45)</a></li>
13595
13596  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (69)</a></li>
13597
13598  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
13599
13600  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
13601
13602  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
13603
13604  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
13605
13606  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
13607
13608  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
13609
13610  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
13611
13612  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (34)</a></li>
13613
13614  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
13615
13616  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
13617
13618  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (44)</a></li>
13619
13620  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
13621
13622  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
13623
13624  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (21)</a></li>
13625
13626  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
13627
13628  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
13629
13630  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (39)</a></li>
13631
13632  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
13633
13634  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (28)</a></li>
13635
13636 </ul>
13637
13638
13639     </div>
13640     <p style="text-align: right">
13641  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
13642 </p>
13643
13644   </body>
13645 </html>