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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Shirish_Agarwal.html">Debian Edu interview: Shirish Agarwal</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28          6th April 2015
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>It was a surprise to me to learn that the computer system for
  32 schools I've involved in, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
  33 Edu / Skolelinux</a>, was being used in India.  But apparently it is,
  34 and I managed to get an interview with one of the friends of the
  35 project there, Shirish Agarwal.</p>
  36
  37 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
  38
  39 <p>My name is Shirish Agarwal. Based out of the educational and
  40 historical city of Pune, from the western state of Maharashtra, India.
  41 My bread comes from giving training, giving policy tips,
  42 installations on free software to mom and pop shops in different
  43 fields from Desktop publishing to retail shops as well as work with
  44 few software start-ups as well.</p>
  45
  46 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
  47 project?</strong></p>
  48
  49 <p>It started innocently enough. I have been using Debian for a few
  50 years and in one local minidebconf / debutsav I was asked if there was
  51 anything for schools or education. I had worked / played with free
  52 educational softwares such as Gcompris and Stellarium for my many
  53 nieces and nephews so researched and found Debian Edu or Skolelinux as
  54 it was known then.  Since then I have started using the various
  55 education meta-packages provided by the project.
  56
  57 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  58 Edu?</strong></p>
  59
  60 <p>It's closest I have seen where a package full of educational
  61 software are packed, which are free and open (both literally and
  62 figuratively).  Even if I take the simplest software which is
  63 gcompris, the number of activities therein are amazing. Another one of
  64 the softwares that I have liked for a long time is stellarium. Even
  65 pysycache is cool except for couple of issues I encountered
  66 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781841">#781841</a> and
  67 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/781842">#781842</a>.</p>
  68
  69 <p>I prefer software installed on the system over web based solutions,
  70 as a web site can disappear any time but the software on disk has the
  71 possibility of a larger life span.  Of course with both it's more a
  72 question if it has enough users who make it fun or sustainable or both
  73 for the developer per-se.</p>
  74
  75 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
  76 Edu?</strong></p>
  77
  78 <p>I do see that the Debian Edu team seems to be short-handed and I
  79 think more efforts should be made to make it popular and ask and take
  80 help from people and the larger community wherever possible.</p>
  81
  82 <p>I don't see any disadvantage to use Skolelinux apart from the fact
  83 that most apps. are generic which is good or bad how you see it.
  84 However, saying that I do acknowledge the fact that the canvas is
  85 pretty big and there are lot of interesting ideas that could be done
  86 but for reasons not known not done or if done I don't know about them.
  87 Let me share some of the ideas (these are more upstream based but
  88 still) I have had for a long time :</p>
  89
  90 <p>1. Classical maths question of two trains in opposing directions
  91 each running @x kmph/mph at y distance, when they will meet and how
  92 far would each travel and similar questions like these.
  93
  94 <p>The computer is a fantastic system where questions like these can
  95 be drawn, animated and the methodology and answers teased out in
  96 interactive manner. While sites such as the
  97 <a href="http://mathforum.org/dr.math/faq/faq.two.trains.html">Ask
  98 Dr. Math FAQ on The Two Trains problem</a> (as an example or point of
  99 inspiration) can be used there is lot more that can be done.  I dunno
 100 if there is a free software which does something like this.  The idea
 101 being a blend of objects + animation + interaction which does
 102 this. The whole interaction could be gamified with points or sounds or
 103 colourful celebration whenever the user gets even part of the question
 104 or/and methodology right. That would help reinforce good behaviour.
 105 This understanding could be used to share/showcase everything from how
 106 the first wheel came to be, to evolution to how astronomy started,
 107 psychics and everything in-between.</p>
 108
 109 <p>One specific idea in the train part was having the Linux mascot on
 110 one train and the BSD or GNU mascot on the other train and they
 111 meeting somewhere in-between. Characters from blender movies could
 112 also be used.</p>
 113
 114 <p>2. Loads of crossword-puzzles with reference to subjects: We have
 115 enormous data sets in Wikipedia and Wikitionary.  I don't think it
 116 should be a big job to design crossword puzzles. Using categories and
 117 sub-categories it should be doable to have Q&A single word answers
 118 from the existing data-sets. What would make it easy or hard could be
 119 the length of the word + existence of many or few vowels depending on
 120 the user's input.</p>
 121
 122 <p>3. Jigsaw puzzles - We already have a great software called
 123 palapeli with number of slicers making it pretty interesting. What
 124 needs to be done is to download large number of public domain and
 125 copyleft images, tease and use IPTC tags to categorise them into
 126 nature, history etc.  and let it loose. This could turn to be really
 127 huge collection of images. One source could be taken from
 128 commons.wikimedia.org, others could be huge collection of royalty-free
 129 stock photos. Potential is immense.</p>
 130
 131 <p>Apart from this, free software suffers in two directions, we lag
 132 both in development (of using new features per-se) and maintenance a
 133 lot.  This is more so in educational software as these applications
 134 need to be timely and the opportunity cost of missing deadlines is
 135 immense. If we are able to solve issues of funding for development and
 136 maintenance of such software I don't see any big difficulties. I know
 137 of few start-ups in and around India who would love to develop and
 138 maintain such software if funding issues could be solved.</p>
 139
 140 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 141
 142 <p>That would be huge list. Some of the softwares are obviously apt,
 143 aptitude, debdelta, leafpad, the shell of course (zsh nowadays),
 144 quassel for IRC. In games I use shisen-sho while card-games are evenly
 145 between kpat and Aiselriot.  In desktops it's a tie between
 146 gnome-flashback and mate.</p>
 147
 148 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 149 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 150
 151 <p>I think it should first start with using specific FOSS apps. in
 152 whatever environment they are. If it's MS-Windows or Mac so be it.
 153 Once they are habitual with the apps. and there is buy-in from the
 154 school management then it could be installed anywhere. Most of the
 155 people now understand the concept of a repository because of the
 156 various online stores so it isn't hard to convince on that front.</p>
 157
 158 <p>What is harder is having enough people with technical skills and
 159 passion to service them. If you get buy-in from one or two teachers
 160 then ideas like above could also be asked to be done as a project as
 161 well.</p>
 162
 163 <p>I think where we fall short more than anything is in marketing. For
 164 instance, Debian has this whole range of fonts in its archive but
 165 there isn't even a page where all those different fonts in the La
 166 Ipsum format could be tried out for newcomers.</p>
 167
 168 <p>One of the issues faced constantly in installations is with updates
 169 and upgrades.  People have this myth that each update and upgrade
 170 means the user interface will / has to change. I have seen this
 171 innumerable times.  That perhaps is one of the reasons which browsers
 172 like Iceweasel / Firefox change user interfaces so much, not because
 173 it might be needed or be functional but because people believe that
 174 changed user interfaces are better. This, can easily be pointed with
 175 the user interfaces changed with almost every MS-Windows and Mac OS
 176 releases.</p>
 177
 178 <p>The problems with Debian Edu for deployment are many. The biggest
 179 is the huge gap between what is taught in schools and what Debian Edu
 180 is aimed at.
 181
 182 <p>Me and my friends did teach on week-ends in a government school for
 183 around 2 years, and
 184 <a href="https://flossexperiences.wordpress.com/2012/10/08/sharings/">gathered
 185 some experience</a> there.  Some of the things we learnt/discovered
 186 there was :</p>
 187
 188 <ol>
 189
 190   <li>Most of the teachers are very territorial about their subjects
 191    and they do not want you to teach anything out of the
 192    portion/syllabus given.</li>
 193
 194   <li>They want any activity on the system in accordance to whatever
 195    is in the syllabus.</li>
 196
 197   <li>There are huge barriers both with the English language and at
 198    times with objects or whatever. An example, let's say in gcompris
 199    you have objects falling down and you have to name them and let's
 200    say the falling object is a hat or a fedora hat, this would not be
 201    as recognizable as say a
 202    <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puneri_Pagadi">Puneri
 203    Pagdi</a> so there is need to inject local objects, words wherever
 204    possible. Especially for word-games there are so many hindi words
 205    which have become part of english vocabulary (for instance in
 206    parley), those could be made into a hinglish collection or
 207    something but that is something for upstream to do.</li>
 208
 209 </ol>
 210
 211       </div>
 212       <div class="tags">
 213
 214
 215         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 216
 217
 218       </div>
 219     </div>
 220     <div class="padding"></div>
 221
 222     <div class="entry">
 223       <div class="title">
 224         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
 225       </div>
 226       <div class="date">
 227         27th October 2014
 228       </div>
 229       <div class="body">
 230         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
 231 sent out
 232 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
 233 announcement</a>:</p>
 234
 235 <pre>
 236 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
 237 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
 238
 239 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
 240 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
 241 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
 242 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
 243 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
 244 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
 245 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
 246
 247 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
 248 installation instructions are available, including detailed
 249 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
 250 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
 251 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
 252 of at least 5 characters!
 253
 254  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
 255
 256 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
 257 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
 258 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
 259 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
 260 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
 261
 262 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
 263 mostly in Germany and Norway.
 264
 265 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
 266 ===============================
 267
 268 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
 269 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
 270 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
 271 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
 272 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
 273 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
 274 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
 275 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
 276 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
 277 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
 278 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
 279 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
 280 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
 281 environment.
 282
 283  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
 284  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
 285
 286 Full release notes and manual
 287 =============================
 288
 289 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
 290 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
 291 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
 292 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
 293 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
 294
 295  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
 296  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
 297
 298 Where to get it
 299 ---------------
 300
 301 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 302
 303  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 304  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 305  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 306
 307 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 308
 309 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 310 ===============================================================================
 311
 312
 313 Installation changes
 314 --------------------
 315
 316  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 317
 318 Software updates
 319 ----------------
 320
 321 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 322
 323  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 324  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 325    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 326    choose one of the others see manual.)
 327  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 328  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 329  * GOsa 2.7.4
 330  * LTSP 5.5.4
 331  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 332  * new boot framework: systemd
 333  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 334  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 335  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 336  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 337  * golearn 0.9
 338  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 339  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 340  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 341    installation.
 342  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 343    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 344
 345  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 346  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 347
 348 Fixed bugs
 349 ----------
 350
 351  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 352    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 353    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 354  * and many others.
 355
 356 Documentation and translation updates
 357 -------------------------------------
 358
 359  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 360    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 361    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 362
 363 Other changes
 364 -------------
 365
 366  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 367    server takes more time.
 368  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 369    doesn't work.
 370
 371 Regressions / known problems
 372 ----------------------------
 373
 374  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 375    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 376    and Debian bug #762103).
 377  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 378    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 379  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 380    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 381    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 382
 383 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 384
 385  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 386
 387 How to report bugs
 388 ------------------
 389
 390 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 391
 392 About Debian
 393 ============
 394
 395 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 396 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 397 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 398 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 399 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 400 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 401 operating system.
 402
 403 Contact Information
 404 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 405 mail to press@debian.org.
 406
 407  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 408 </pre>
 409
 410       </div>
 411       <div class="tags">
 412
 413
 414         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 415
 416
 417       </div>
 418     </div>
 419     <div class="padding"></div>
 420
 421     <div class="entry">
 422       <div class="title">
 423         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 424       </div>
 425       <div class="date">
 426         26th September 2014
 427       </div>
 428       <div class="body">
 429         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 430 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 431 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 432 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 433 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 434 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 435 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 436 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 437 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 438 future.  The
 439 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 440 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 441 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 442 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 443 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 444
 445 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 446 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 447 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 448 or rsync (use
 449 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 450 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 451 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 452 install with some tweaking.</p>
 453
 454 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 455 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 456
 457 <p><blockquote><pre>
 458 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 459 </pre></blockquote></p>
 460
 461 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 462 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 463 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 464 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 465
 466 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 467 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 468 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 469 your need.</p>
 470
 471 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 472 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 473 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 474 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 475 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 476 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 477 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 478 days.</p>
 479
 480 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 481 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 482 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 483 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 484 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 485 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 486 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 487 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 488 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 489
 490 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 491 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 492 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 493
 494       </div>
 495       <div class="tags">
 496
 497
 498         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 499
 500
 501       </div>
 502     </div>
 503     <div class="padding"></div>
 504
 505     <div class="entry">
 506       <div class="title">
 507         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 508       </div>
 509       <div class="date">
 510         16th September 2014
 511       </div>
 512       <div class="body">
 513         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 514 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 515 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 516 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 517 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 518 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 519 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 520 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 521 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 522 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 523 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 524 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 525 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 526 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 527
 528 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 529 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 530 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 531 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 532 depend on the small and clever package
 533 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 534 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 535 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 536 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 537 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 538 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 539 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 540 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 541 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 542 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 543 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 544
 545 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 546 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 547 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 548 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 549 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 550 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 551 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 552 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 553 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 554 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 555 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 556 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 557 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 558 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 559 dialog.</p>
 560
 561 <p><table>
 562
 563 <tr>
 564 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 565 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 566 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 567 <th>Reduction</th>
 568 </tr>
 569
 570 <tr>
 571 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 572 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 573 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 574 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 575 </tr>
 576
 577 <tr>
 578 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 579 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 580 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 581 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 582 </tr>
 583
 584 <tr>
 585 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 586 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 587 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 588 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 589 </tr>
 590
 591 <tr>
 592 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 593 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 594 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 595 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 596 </tr>
 597
 598 <tr>
 599 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 600 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 601 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 602 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 603 </tr>
 604
 605 </table></p>
 606
 607 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 608 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 609 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 610 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 611 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 612 installed.</p>
 613
 614 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 615 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 616 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 617 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 618 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 619 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 620 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 621 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 622 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 623 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 624 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 625 for the entire installation.</p>
 626
 627 <p>I've implemented this in the
 628 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 629 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 630 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 631 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 632 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 633
 634 <p><blockquote><pre>
 635 #!/bin/sh
 636 set -e
 637 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 638 info() {
 639     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 640 }
 641 error() {
 642     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 643 }
 644 override_install() {
 645     apt-install eatmydata || true
 646     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 647         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 648             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 649             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 650             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 651                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 652                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 653                     > /target$file.edu
 654                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 655                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 656                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 657                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 658             else
 659                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 660             fi
 661         done
 662     else
 663         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 664     fi
 665 }
 666
 667 override_install
 668 </pre></blockquote></p>
 669
 670 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 671 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 672
 673 <p><blockquote><pre>
 674 #! /bin/sh -e
 675 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 676 error() {
 677     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 678 }
 679 remove_install_override() {
 680     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 681         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 682         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 683             rm /target$file
 684             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 685                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 686             rm /target$file.edu
 687         else
 688             error "Missing divert for $file."
 689         fi
 690     done
 691     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 692 }
 693
 694 remove_install_override
 695 </pre></blockquote></p>
 696
 697 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 698 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 699 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 700
 701 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 702 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 703 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 704 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 705 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 706 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 707 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 708 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 709 everyone.</p>
 710
 711 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 712 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 713 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
 714 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 715
 716 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
 717 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
 718 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
 719 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
 720 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
 721
 722 <p>Update 2014-11-11: Unfortunately, a new
 723 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/765738">bug #765738</a> in eatmydata only
 724 triggering on i386 made it into testing, and broke this installation
 725 optimization again.  If <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/768893">unblock
 726 request 768893</a> is accepted, it should be working again.</p>
 727
 728       </div>
 729       <div class="tags">
 730
 731
 732         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 733
 734
 735       </div>
 736     </div>
 737     <div class="padding"></div>
 738
 739     <div class="entry">
 740       <div class="title">
 741         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 742       </div>
 743       <div class="date">
 744         31st July 2014
 745       </div>
 746       <div class="body">
 747         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 748 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 749 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 750 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 751 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 752 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 753
 754 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 755
 756 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 757 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 758 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 759 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 760 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 761 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 762 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 763 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 764
 765 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 766 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 767 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 768 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 769 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 770 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 771
 772 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 773 project?</strong></p>
 774
 775 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 776 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 777 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 778 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 779 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 780 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 781 with this job.</p>
 782
 783 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 784 Edu?</strong></p>
 785
 786 <p>The independence.</p>
 787
 788 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 789 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 790 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 791
 792 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 793 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 794 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 795 working reliable. </p>
 796
 797 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
 798 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
 799 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
 800 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
 801 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
 802 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
 803 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
 804 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
 805
 806 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 807 Edu?</strong></p>
 808
 809 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
 810 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
 811 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
 812
 813 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 814
 815 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
 816 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
 817
 818 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 819 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 820
 821 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
 822 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
 823 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
 824 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
 825 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
 826 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
 827 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
 828
 829       </div>
 830       <div class="tags">
 831
 832
 833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 834
 835
 836       </div>
 837     </div>
 838     <div class="padding"></div>
 839
 840     <div class="entry">
 841       <div class="title">
 842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
 843       </div>
 844       <div class="date">
 845         17th June 2014
 846       </div>
 847       <div class="body">
 848         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 849 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
 850 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
 851 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
 852 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
 853
 854 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
 855 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
 856 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
 857 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
 858 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
 859 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
 860 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
 861 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
 862 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
 863 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
 864 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
 865 goals.</p>
 866
 867 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
 868 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
 869 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
 870 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
 871 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
 872 chapters together into one large web page (aka
 873 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
 874 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
 875 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
 876 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
 877 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
 878 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
 879 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
 880 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
 881 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
 882 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
 883 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
 884 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
 885 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
 886 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
 887 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
 888 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
 889 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
 890 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
 891
 892 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
 893 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
 894 track the English original.  For this we use the
 895 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
 896 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
 897 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
 898 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
 899 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
 900 files), which the translations update with the native language
 901 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
 902 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
 903 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
 904 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
 905 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
 906 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
 907 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
 908 of the documentation.</p>
 909
 910 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
 911 recommend using
 912 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
 913 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
 914 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
 915 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
 916 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
 917 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
 918 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
 919 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
 920
 921 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
 922 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
 923 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
 924 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
 925 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
 926 translated images by storing translated versions in
 927 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
 928 package maintainers know more.</p>
 929
 930 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
 931 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
 932 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
 933 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
 934 PDF version</a> or the
 935 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
 936 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
 937 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
 938
 939 <p>To learn more, check out
 940 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
 941 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
 942 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
 943 manual on the wiki</a> and
 944 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
 945 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
 946
 947       </div>
 948       <div class="tags">
 949
 950
 951         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 952
 953
 954       </div>
 955     </div>
 956     <div class="padding"></div>
 957
 958     <div class="entry">
 959       <div class="title">
 960         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
 961       </div>
 962       <div class="date">
 963         30th March 2014
 964       </div>
 965       <div class="body">
 966         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 967 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
 968 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
 969 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
 970 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
 971
 972 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 973
 974 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
 975 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
 976 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
 977 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
 978 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
 979
 980 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
 981 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
 982 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
 983
 984 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
 985 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
 986 hunger.</p>
 987
 988 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 989 project?</strong></p>
 990
 991 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
 992 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
 993 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
 994 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
 995 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
 996 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
 997 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
 998 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
 999 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
1000 running.  I just loved it.</p>
1001
1002 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1003 Edu?</strong></p>
1004
1005 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
1006 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
1007 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
1008 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
1009 be made of steel.</p>
1010
1011 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1012 Edu?</strong></p>
1013
1014 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
1015
1016 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
1017 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
1018 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
1019 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
1020 or dropped.</p>
1021
1022 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
1023 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
1024 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
1025 discourage many people too.</p>
1026
1027 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1028
1029 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
1030 Virtualbox.</p>
1031
1032
1033 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1034 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1035
1036 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
1037 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
1038 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
1039 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
1040 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
1041 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
1042 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
1043 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
1044 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
1045
1046       </div>
1047       <div class="tags">
1048
1049
1050         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1051
1052
1053       </div>
1054     </div>
1055     <div class="padding"></div>
1056
1057     <div class="entry">
1058       <div class="title">
1059         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
1060       </div>
1061       <div class="date">
1062         12th March 2014
1063       </div>
1064       <div class="body">
1065         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
1066 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
1067 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
1068 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
1069 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
1070 document this better when one of the customers of
1071 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
1072 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
1073 get this working are the following:</p>
1074
1075 <p><ol>
1076
1077 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
1078 example host here.</li>
1079
1080 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
1081 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
1082
1083 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
1084 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
1085
1086 </ol></p>
1087
1088 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
1089 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
1090 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
1091 started).</p>
1092
1093 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
1094 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
1095
1096 <p><blockquote><pre>
1097 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
1098 Export list for nas-server:
1099 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
1100 root@tjener:~#
1101 </pre></blockquote></p>
1102
1103 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
1104 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
1105 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
1106 NFS access.</p>
1107
1108 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
1109 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
1110 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
1111
1112 <p><blockquote><pre>
1113 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1114 </pre></blockquote></p>
1115
1116 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
1117 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
1118 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
1119 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
1120
1121 <p><blockquote><pre>
1122 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1123 objectClass: automount
1124 cn: nas-server
1125 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1126
1127 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1128 objectClass: top
1129 objectClass: automountMap
1130 ou: auto.nas-server
1131
1132 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
1133 objectClass: automount
1134 cn: /
1135 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
1136 </pre></blockquote></p>
1137
1138 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
1139 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
1140 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
1141
1142 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
1143 the storage server directly by just visiting the
1144 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
1145 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
1146
1147       </div>
1148       <div class="tags">
1149
1150
1151         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
1152
1153
1154       </div>
1155     </div>
1156     <div class="padding"></div>
1157
1158     <div class="entry">
1159       <div class="title">
1160         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
1161       </div>
1162       <div class="date">
1163         25th December 2013
1164       </div>
1165       <div class="body">
1166         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1167 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
1168 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
1169 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
1170 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
1171 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
1172 George</a>.</p>
1173
1174 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
1175
1176 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1177
1178 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
1179 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
1180 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
1181 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
1182 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
1183 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
1184
1185 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
1186 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
1187 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
1188 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
1189 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
1190 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
1191 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
1192 to help building another school's informational education concept from
1193 scratch.</p>
1194
1195 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
1196 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
1197 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
1198
1199 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
1200 and cycling.</p>
1201
1202 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1203 project?</strong></p>
1204
1205 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1206 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1207 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1208 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1209 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1210 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1211
1212 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1213 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1214 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1215 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1216 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1217 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1218 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1219 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1220 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1221
1222 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1223 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1224 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1225 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1226
1227 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1228 Edu?</strong></p>
1229
1230 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1231 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1232 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1233 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1234 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1235 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1236 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1237 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1238 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1239 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1240 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1241 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1242 that it rocks!</p>
1243
1244 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1245 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1246 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1247 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1248 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1249 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1250 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1251
1252 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1253 Edu?</strong></p>
1254
1255 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1256 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1257 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1258 can list a few points about that:</p>
1259
1260 <ul>
1261
1262  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1263  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1264  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1265
1266 </ul>
1267
1268 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1269
1270 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1271
1272 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1273 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1274 year.</p>
1275
1276 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1277 run text tools. I use
1278 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1279 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1280 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1281 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1282 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1283 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1284 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1285 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1286 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1287 e-mail.</p>
1288
1289 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1290 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1291 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1292 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1293 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1294 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1295 Facebook now ;).</p>
1296
1297 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1298 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1299
1300 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1301 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1302
1303 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1304 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1305 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1306 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1307 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1308 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1309 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1310 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1311 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1312 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1313 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1314 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1315 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1316 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1317 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1318 plain criminal.</p>
1319
1320 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1321 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1322 founded an association named
1323 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1324 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1325 area of free and open source software, for example the
1326 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1327 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1328 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1329 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1330 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1331 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1332 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1333 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1334
1335 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1336 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1337 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1338 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1339 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1340 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1341 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1342 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1343 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1344 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1345 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1346 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1347
1348 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1349 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1350 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1351 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1352
1353 <!--
1354
1355 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1356
1357 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1358 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1359
1360  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1361    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1362    of the decision makers above;
1363  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1364    knowledge about free software
1365
1366 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1367
1368 -->
1369
1370       </div>
1371       <div class="tags">
1372
1373
1374         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1375
1376
1377       </div>
1378     </div>
1379     <div class="padding"></div>
1380
1381     <div class="entry">
1382       <div class="title">
1383         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1384       </div>
1385       <div class="date">
1386          6th December 2013
1387       </div>
1388       <div class="body">
1389         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1390 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1391 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1392 had a new school administrator show up on
1393 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1394 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1395 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1396 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1397 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1398
1399 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1400
1401 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1402 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1403 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1404 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1405
1406 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1407 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1408 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1409 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1410 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1411 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1412 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1413 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1414 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1415
1416 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1417 project?</strong></p>
1418
1419 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1420 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1421 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1422 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1423
1424 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1425 Edu?</strong></p>
1426
1427 <ul>
1428   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1429   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1430   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1431   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1432     single company,</li>
1433   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1434     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1435 </ul>
1436
1437 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1438 Edu?</strong></p>
1439
1440 <ul>
1441   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1442   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1443   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1444   working again reliably.
1445
1446   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1447   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1448   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1449   as their base.
1450
1451   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1452   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1453   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1454   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1455   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1456   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1457
1458   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1459   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1460   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1461   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1462   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1463   schemes.</li>
1464
1465   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1466   compared to Debian.</li>
1467
1468 </ul>
1469
1470 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1471 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1472 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1473 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1474
1475 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1476
1477 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1478 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1479 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1480 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1481
1482 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1483 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1484
1485 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1486
1487 <ul>
1488
1489   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1490     teaching and learning.</li>
1491
1492   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1493     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1494     conversion problems.</li>
1495
1496   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1497     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1498     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1499     science, not products.</li>
1500
1501   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1502     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1503
1504 </ul>
1505
1506       </div>
1507       <div class="tags">
1508
1509
1510         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1511
1512
1513       </div>
1514     </div>
1515     <div class="padding"></div>
1516
1517     <div class="entry">
1518       <div class="title">
1519         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1520       </div>
1521       <div class="date">
1522          8th October 2013
1523       </div>
1524       <div class="body">
1525         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1526 Salvador had published a
1527 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1528 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1529 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1530 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1531 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1532 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1533 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1534 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1535 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1536 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1537 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1538 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1539 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1540 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1541 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1542
1543 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1544
1545 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1546
1547 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1548 me know. :)</p>
1549
1550       </div>
1551       <div class="tags">
1552
1553
1554         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1555
1556
1557       </div>
1558     </div>
1559     <div class="padding"></div>
1560
1561     <div class="entry">
1562       <div class="title">
1563         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1564       </div>
1565       <div class="date">
1566         29th September 2013
1567       </div>
1568       <div class="body">
1569         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1570 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1571 complete announcement text can be found at
1572 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1573 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1574
1575 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1576 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1577 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1578 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1579
1580       </div>
1581       <div class="tags">
1582
1583
1584         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1585
1586
1587       </div>
1588     </div>
1589     <div class="padding"></div>
1590
1591     <div class="entry">
1592       <div class="title">
1593         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1594       </div>
1595       <div class="date">
1596         16th September 2013
1597       </div>
1598       <div class="body">
1599         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1600 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1601
1602 <blockquote>
1603 <p>Hi,</p>
1604
1605 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1606 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1607 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1608
1609 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1610 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1611 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1612 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1613
1614 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1615 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1616
1617 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1618 compared to beta1:</p>
1619
1620 <ul>
1621
1622 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1623 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1624 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1625 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1626 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1627 main server.</li>
1628 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1629 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1630 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1631 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1632 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1633
1634 </ul>
1635
1636 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1637
1638 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1639
1640 <ul>
1641 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1642 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1643 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1644 </ul>
1645
1646 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1647
1648 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1649 <ul>
1650 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1651 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1652 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1653 </ul>
1654
1655 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1656
1657 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1658 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1659 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1660 as the other isos.</p>
1661
1662 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1663
1664 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1665 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1666
1667
1668 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1669
1670 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1671 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1672 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1673 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1674 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1675 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1676 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1677 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1678 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1679 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1680 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1681 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1682 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1683
1684 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1685 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1686 Squeeze release.</p>
1687
1688 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1689
1690 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1691 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1692 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1693 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1694 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1695 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1696 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1697 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1698 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1699 directory.</p>
1700
1701
1702 <p>cheers,
1703 <br>        Holger</p>
1704 </blockquote>
1705
1706       </div>
1707       <div class="tags">
1708
1709
1710         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1711
1712
1713       </div>
1714     </div>
1715     <div class="padding"></div>
1716
1717     <div class="entry">
1718       <div class="title">
1719         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1720       </div>
1721       <div class="date">
1722         22nd August 2013
1723       </div>
1724       <div class="body">
1725         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1726 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1727 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1728
1729 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1730
1731 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1732 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1733
1734 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1735
1736 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1737 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1738 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1739 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1740 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1741 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1742 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1743 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1744 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1745 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1746 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1747 desktop contains
1748 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1749 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1750 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1751 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1752
1753 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1754 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1755 release.</p>
1756
1757 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1758 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1759 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1760 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1761 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1762 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1763 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1764 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1765 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1766 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1767 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1768
1769 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1770
1771 <ul>
1772
1773 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1774     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1775 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1776     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1777     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1778     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1779     required).</li>
1780
1781 </ul>
1782
1783 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1784
1785 <ul>
1786
1787 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1788 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1789 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1790 stick ISO image.</li>
1791 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1792 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1793 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1794     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1795     cope with this.</li>
1796 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1797 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
1798     empty password hashes.</li>
1799 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
1800     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
1801     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
1802
1803 </ul>
1804
1805 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1806
1807 <ul>
1808
1809 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1810     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1811 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
1812     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
1813
1814 </ul>
1815
1816 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1817
1818 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1819
1820 <ul>
1821
1822 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1823
1824 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1825
1826 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
1827
1828 </ul>
1829
1830 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
1831 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
1832
1833 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1834
1835 <ul>
1836
1837 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1838 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1839 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
1840
1841 </ul>
1842
1843 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
1844 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
1845
1846
1847 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1848
1849 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1850
1851       </div>
1852       <div class="tags">
1853
1854
1855         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1856
1857
1858       </div>
1859     </div>
1860     <div class="padding"></div>
1861
1862     <div class="entry">
1863       <div class="title">
1864         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1865       </div>
1866       <div class="date">
1867         27th July 2013
1868       </div>
1869       <div class="body">
1870         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1871 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1872
1873 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
1874 2013-07-27</strong></p>
1875
1876 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1877 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1878
1879 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1880
1881 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1882 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1883 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1884 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1885 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1886 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1887 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1888 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1889 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1890 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1891 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1892 desktop contains
1893 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1894 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1895 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1896 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1897
1898 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1899 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1900 Squeeze release.</p>
1901
1902 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1903 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1904 release.</p>
1905
1906 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1907
1908 <ul>
1909
1910 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
1911    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
1912 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
1913    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
1914    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
1915    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
1916    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
1917 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
1918 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
1919 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
1920    crash bugs.</li>
1921
1922 </ul>
1923
1924 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1925
1926 <ul>
1927
1928 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
1929    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
1930 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
1931    netinst CD.</li>
1932 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
1933    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
1934 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
1935    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
1936    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
1937 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
1938    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
1939    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
1940 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
1941    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
1942    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
1943 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
1944    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
1945 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
1946
1947 </ul>
1948
1949 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1950
1951 <ul>
1952
1953 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
1954 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1955     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1956 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
1957
1958 </ul>
1959
1960 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1961
1962 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1963
1964 <ul>
1965
1966 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1967
1968 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1969
1970 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
1971
1972 </ul>
1973
1974 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
1975 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
1976
1977 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1978
1979 <ul>
1980
1981 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1982 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1983 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
1984
1985 </ul>
1986
1987 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
1988 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
1989
1990
1991 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1992
1993 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1994
1995       </div>
1996       <div class="tags">
1997
1998
1999         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2000
2001
2002       </div>
2003     </div>
2004     <div class="padding"></div>
2005
2006     <div class="entry">
2007       <div class="title">
2008         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
2009       </div>
2010       <div class="date">
2011          9th July 2013
2012       </div>
2013       <div class="body">
2014         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
2015 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
2016 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
2017 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
2018 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2019 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
2020 Bitraf</a>.</p>
2021
2022 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
2023 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
2024 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
2025 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
2026 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
2027
2028       </div>
2029       <div class="tags">
2030
2031
2032         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2033
2034
2035       </div>
2036     </div>
2037     <div class="padding"></div>
2038
2039     <div class="entry">
2040       <div class="title">
2041         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2042       </div>
2043       <div class="date">
2044          3rd July 2013
2045       </div>
2046       <div class="body">
2047         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2048 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2049
2050 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
2051 2013-07-03</strong></p>
2052
2053 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2054 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2055
2056 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2057
2058 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2059 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2060 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2061 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2062 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2063 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2064 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2065 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2066 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2067 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2068 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2069 desktop contains
2070 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2071 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2072 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2073 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2074
2075 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2076 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2077 Squeeze release.</p>
2078
2079 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2080 <ul>
2081   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
2082   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
2083     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
2084     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
2085   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
2086     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
2087     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
2088   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
2089     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
2090     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
2091     too.</li>
2092   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
2093     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
2094 </ul>
2095 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2096 <ul>
2097   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
2098   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
2099   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
2100     up for some language options.</li>
2101   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
2102   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
2103   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
2104     d-i is doing it.</li>
2105   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
2106     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
2107   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
2108     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
2109     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
2110   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
2111     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
2112   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
2113   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
2114     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
2115   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
2116     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
2117 </ul>
2118 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2119 <ul>
2120   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2121     available yet (698840).</li>
2122   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
2123 </ul>
2124 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2125
2126 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2127 <ul>
2128   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2129   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
2130   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
2131 </ul>
2132
2133 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
2134 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
2135
2136 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
2137 <ul>
2138   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2139   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
2140   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
2141 </ul>
2142
2143 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
2144 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
2145
2146 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2147
2148 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
2149
2150       </div>
2151       <div class="tags">
2152
2153
2154         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2155
2156
2157       </div>
2158     </div>
2159     <div class="padding"></div>
2160
2161     <div class="entry">
2162       <div class="title">
2163         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
2164       </div>
2165       <div class="date">
2166         22nd June 2013
2167       </div>
2168       <div class="body">
2169         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2170 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
2171 which check that services are running, working, and return the
2172 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
2173 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
2174 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
2175 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
2176 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
2177 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
2178
2179 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
2180 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
2181 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
2182 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
2183 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
2184 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
2185 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
2186 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
2187 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
2188 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
2189 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
2190 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
2191 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
2192 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
2193
2194 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
2195 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
2196 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
2197 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
2198 the problem.</p>
2199
2200 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
2201 please join us on
2202 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2203 irc.debian.org</a> and the
2204 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2205 list.</p>
2206
2207       </div>
2208       <div class="tags">
2209
2210
2211         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2212
2213
2214       </div>
2215     </div>
2216     <div class="padding"></div>
2217
2218     <div class="entry">
2219       <div class="title">
2220         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2221       </div>
2222       <div class="date">
2223         17th June 2013
2224       </div>
2225       <div class="body">
2226         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2227 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2228 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2229 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2230 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2231 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2232 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2233 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2234
2235 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2236
2237 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2238 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2239 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2240 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2241 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2242 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2243 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2244 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2245 field.</p>
2246
2247 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2248 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2249 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2250 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2251 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2252 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2253
2254 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2255 project?</strong></p>
2256
2257 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2258 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2259 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2260 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2261 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2262 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2263 ways to contribute.</p>
2264
2265 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2266 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2267 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2268 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2269 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2270 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2271 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2272 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2273 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2274 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2275
2276 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2277 Edu?</strong></p>
2278
2279 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2280 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2281 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2282 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2283 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2284 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2285 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2286 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2287
2288 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2289 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2290 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2291 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2292 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2293 project.</p>
2294
2295 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2296 Edu?</strong></p>
2297
2298 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2299 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2300 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2301 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2302 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2303 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2304 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2305 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2306 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2307
2308 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2309 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2310 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2311 on.</p>
2312
2313 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2314
2315 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2316 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2317 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2318 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2319 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2320 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2321 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2322 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2323 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2324
2325 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2326 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2327
2328 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2329 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2330 that:</p>
2331
2332 <ul>
2333
2334 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2335
2336 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2337     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2338     of teenagers more?</li>
2339
2340 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2341     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2342     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2343     them!)</li>
2344
2345 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2346     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2347     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2348
2349 </ul>
2350
2351 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2352 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2353 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2354 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2355 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2356
2357       </div>
2358       <div class="tags">
2359
2360
2361         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2362
2363
2364       </div>
2365     </div>
2366     <div class="padding"></div>
2367
2368     <div class="entry">
2369       <div class="title">
2370         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2371       </div>
2372       <div class="date">
2373         12th June 2013
2374       </div>
2375       <div class="body">
2376         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2377 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2378 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2379 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2380 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2381 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2382
2383 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2384
2385 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2386 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2387 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2388
2389 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2390 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2391 each other.</p>
2392
2393 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2394 project?</strong></p>
2395
2396 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2397 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2398 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2399 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2400 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2401 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2402 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2403 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2404 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2405 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2406 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2407 we'll get there one day.</p>
2408
2409 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2410 Edu?</strong></p>
2411
2412 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2413 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2414 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2415 very high quality work.</p>
2416
2417 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2418 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2419 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2420 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2421 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2422
2423 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2424 Edu?</strong></p>
2425
2426 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2427 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2428 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2429
2430 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2431 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2432 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2433 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2434 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2435 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2436 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2437 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2438 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2439 currently.</p>
2440
2441 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2442 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2443 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2444 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2445 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2446 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2447 autonomous.</p>
2448
2449 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2450
2451 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2452 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2453 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2454 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2455 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2456
2457 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2458 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2459 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2460 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2461 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2462 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2463 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2464 X.</p>
2465
2466 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2467 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2468 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2469 it :p)
2470
2471 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2472 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2473
2474 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2475 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2476 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2477 that.</p>
2478
2479 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2480 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2481 advantage of that.</p>
2482
2483 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2484 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2485 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2486 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2487 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2488 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2489 best solution for them.</p>
2490
2491 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2492 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2493 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2494
2495       </div>
2496       <div class="tags">
2497
2498
2499         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2500
2501
2502       </div>
2503     </div>
2504     <div class="padding"></div>
2505
2506     <div class="entry">
2507       <div class="title">
2508         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2509       </div>
2510       <div class="date">
2511         10th June 2013
2512       </div>
2513       <div class="body">
2514         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2515 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2516
2517 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2518 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2519
2520 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2521 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2522
2523 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2524
2525 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2526 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2527 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2528 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2529 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2530 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2531 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2532 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2533 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2534 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2535 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2536 desktop contains
2537 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2538 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2539 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2540 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2541
2542 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2543 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2544 Squeeze release.</p>
2545
2546 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2547
2548 <ul>
2549
2550 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2551 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2552 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2553 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2554 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2555
2556 </ul>
2557
2558 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2559
2560 <ul>
2561
2562 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2563 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2564 <li>New Romanian translation.
2565 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2566 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2567 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2568 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2569 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2570 <li>More testsuite tests.
2571 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2572 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2573
2574 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2575 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2576
2577 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2578 them up with GOsa².</li>
2579
2580 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2581
2582 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2583 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2584 entered password). </li>
2585
2586 </ul>
2587
2588 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2589
2590 <ul>
2591
2592 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2593
2594 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2595 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2596 missing import feature).</li>
2597
2598 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2599
2600 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2601 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2602 unfixed.</li>
2603
2604 </ul>
2605
2606 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2607
2608 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2609
2610 <ul>
2611
2612 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2613
2614 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2615
2616 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2617
2618 </ul>
2619
2620 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2621 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2622
2623 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2624
2625 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2626
2627       </div>
2628       <div class="tags">
2629
2630
2631         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2632
2633
2634       </div>
2635     </div>
2636     <div class="padding"></div>
2637
2638     <div class="entry">
2639       <div class="title">
2640         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2641       </div>
2642       <div class="date">
2643          5th June 2013
2644       </div>
2645       <div class="body">
2646         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2647 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2648 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2649 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2650 the project:
2651
2652 <ol>
2653
2654 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2655   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2656   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2657   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2658   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2659
2660 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2661   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2662   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2663   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2664   #698840</a>.</li>
2665
2666 </ol>
2667
2668 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2669 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2670 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2671
2672       </div>
2673       <div class="tags">
2674
2675
2676         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2677
2678
2679       </div>
2680     </div>
2681     <div class="padding"></div>
2682
2683     <div class="entry">
2684       <div class="title">
2685         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2686       </div>
2687       <div class="date">
2688          4th June 2013
2689       </div>
2690       <div class="body">
2691         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2692 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2693 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2694 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2695 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2696 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2697
2698 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2699
2700 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2701 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2702 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2703 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2704
2705 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2706 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2707 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2708
2709 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2710 project?</strong></p>
2711
2712 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2713 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2714 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2715 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2716 manual.
2717
2718 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2719 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2720 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2721 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2722
2723 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2724 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2725 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2726 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2727 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2728 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2729 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2730 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2731 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2732 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2733
2734 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2735 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2736 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2737 beautiful project.</p>
2738
2739 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2740 Edu?</strong></p>
2741
2742 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2743 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2744 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2745
2746 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2747 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2748 of educational free software.</p>
2749
2750 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2751 Edu?</strong></p>
2752
2753 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2754 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2755 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2756 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2757 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2758
2759 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2760 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2761 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2762 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2763 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2764 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2765 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2766 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2767
2768 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2769
2770 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2771 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2772 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2773 also using the mathematical software
2774 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2775 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2776 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2777
2778 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2779 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2780 statistics?</strong></p>
2781
2782 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2783 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2784 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2785 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2786
2787 <ul>
2788
2789 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2790 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2791 constructions in planar geometry
2792
2793 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2794 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2795 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2796
2797 </ul>
2798
2799 <p>I like also
2800 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
2801 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
2802 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
2803
2804 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2805 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2806
2807 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
2808
2809 <ul>
2810
2811 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
2812
2813 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
2814     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
2815     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
2816
2817 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
2818
2819 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
2820     system.</li>
2821
2822 </ul>
2823
2824       </div>
2825       <div class="tags">
2826
2827
2828         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2829
2830
2831       </div>
2832     </div>
2833     <div class="padding"></div>
2834
2835     <div class="entry">
2836       <div class="title">
2837         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
2838       </div>
2839       <div class="date">
2840          1st June 2013
2841       </div>
2842       <div class="body">
2843         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2844 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
2845 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
2846 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
2847 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
2848 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
2849 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
2850 program.</p>
2851
2852 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
2853
2854 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
2855 <p>
2856 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
2857 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2858 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
2859 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
2860 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2861 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
2862 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
2863 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
2864 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
2865 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
2866 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
2867 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
2868 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
2869 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
2870 </p>
2871
2872 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
2873 <p>
2874 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
2875 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
2876 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
2877 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
2878 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
2879 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2880 </p>
2881
2882 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
2883 <p>
2884 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2885 </p>
2886
2887 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
2888 <p>
2889 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
2890 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
2891 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
2892 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
2893 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
2894 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
2895 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
2896 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
2897 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2898 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
2899 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
2900 </p>
2901
2902 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
2903 <p>
2904 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2905 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
2906 </p>
2907
2908 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
2909 <p>
2910 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
2911 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
2912 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2913 </p>
2914
2915 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
2916 <p>
2917 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2918 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
2919 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
2920 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
2921 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
2922 </p>
2923
2924 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
2925 <p>
2926 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2927 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
2928 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2929 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
2930 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
2931 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
2932 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
2933 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
2934 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
2935 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
2936 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
2937 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
2938 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
2939 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
2940 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2941 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
2942 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
2943 </p>
2944
2945 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
2946 <p>
2947 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2948 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
2949 </p>
2950
2951 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
2952 <p>
2953 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
2954 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
2955 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2956 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2957 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
2958 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
2959 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
2960 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
2961 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
2962 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2963 </p>
2964
2965 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
2966 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
2967 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
2968 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
2969 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
2970 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
2971 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
2972
2973       </div>
2974       <div class="tags">
2975
2976
2977         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2978
2979
2980       </div>
2981     </div>
2982     <div class="padding"></div>
2983
2984     <div class="entry">
2985       <div class="title">
2986         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
2987       </div>
2988       <div class="date">
2989         24th May 2013
2990       </div>
2991       <div class="body">
2992         <p>En ting
2993 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
2994 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
2995 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
2996 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
2997 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
2998 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
2999 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
3000 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
3001 om et intervju.</p>
3002
3003 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3004
3005 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
3006 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
3007 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
3008 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
3009 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
3010 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
3011 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
3012 av store systemer.</p>
3013
3014 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3015
3016 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
3017 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
3018 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
3019 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
3020 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
3021 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
3022 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
3023 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
3024 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
3025 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
3026 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
3027 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
3028 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
3029 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
3030 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
3031 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
3032 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
3033 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
3034 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
3035 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
3036 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
3037 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
3038 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
3039 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
3040 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
3041 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
3042 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
3043 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
3044 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
3045 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
3046
3047 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
3048 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
3049 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
3050 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
3051 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
3052
3053 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
3054 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
3055 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
3056 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
3057 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
3058 dette.</p>
3059
3060 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3061
3062 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
3063 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
3064 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
3065 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
3066 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
3067 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
3068 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
3069 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
3070 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
3071 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
3072
3073 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3074
3075 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
3076 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
3077 like stor grad som for eksempel
3078 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
3079 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
3080 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
3081 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
3082 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
3083
3084 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3085
3086 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
3087 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
3088 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
3089 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
3090 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
3091 scripts.</p>
3092
3093 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3094 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3095
3096 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
3097 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
3098 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
3099 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
3100 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
3101 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
3102 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
3103 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
3104 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
3105 betraktelig.</p>
3106
3107       </div>
3108       <div class="tags">
3109
3110
3111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3112
3113
3114       </div>
3115     </div>
3116     <div class="padding"></div>
3117
3118     <div class="entry">
3119       <div class="title">
3120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
3121       </div>
3122       <div class="date">
3123         17th May 2013
3124       </div>
3125       <div class="body">
3126         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
3127 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
3128 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
3129 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
3130 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
3131 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
3132 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
3133 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
3134 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
3135 donate some money</a>.
3136
3137 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
3138 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
3139 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
3140 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
3141 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
3142
3143 <p>The script,
3144 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
3145 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
3146 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
3147 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
3148
3149 <ol>
3150
3151 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
3152 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
3153 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
3154     our configuration.</li>
3155 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
3156     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
3157     according to the profile specified in the config above,
3158     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
3159 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
3160     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
3161 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
3162
3163 </ol>
3164
3165 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
3166 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
3167 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
3168 the needed packages.</p>
3169
3170 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
3171 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
3172 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
3173 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
3174 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
3175 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
3176
3177 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
3178 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
3179 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
3180
3181 <p><pre>
3182 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
3183 DESKTOP="lxde"
3184 </pre></p>
3185
3186 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
3187 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
3188 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
3189 boot.</p>
3190
3191       </div>
3192       <div class="tags">
3193
3194
3195         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3196
3197
3198       </div>
3199     </div>
3200     <div class="padding"></div>
3201
3202     <div class="entry">
3203       <div class="title">
3204         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3205       </div>
3206       <div class="date">
3207         14th May 2013
3208       </div>
3209       <div class="body">
3210         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3211 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3212 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3213
3214 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3215 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3216
3217 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3218 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3219 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3220
3221 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3222
3223 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3224 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3225 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3226 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3227 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3228 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3229 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3230 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3231
3232 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3233 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3234 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3235
3236 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3237 <ul>
3238   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3239     default.</li>
3240   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3241   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3242   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3243     ibus-anthy.</li>
3244 </ul>
3245
3246 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3247 <ul>
3248
3249   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3250     reliability improvements.</li>
3251   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3252     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3253   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3254     problems.</li>
3255   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3256     direct:// URL.</li>
3257   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3258   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3259   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3260   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3261     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3262   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3263     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3264 </ul>
3265
3266 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3267 <ul>
3268
3269   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3270     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3271     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3272   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3273   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3274     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3275   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3276   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3277   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3278     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3279   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3280     password submission problem
3281     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3282
3283 </ul>
3284
3285 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3286
3287 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3288 <ul>
3289
3290   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3291   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3292   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3293
3294 </ul>
3295
3296 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3297
3298 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3299
3300 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3301
3302 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3303
3304       </div>
3305       <div class="tags">
3306
3307
3308         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3309
3310
3311       </div>
3312     </div>
3313     <div class="padding"></div>
3314
3315     <div class="entry">
3316       <div class="title">
3317         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3318       </div>
3319       <div class="date">
3320         10th May 2013
3321       </div>
3322       <div class="body">
3323         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3324 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3325 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3326 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3327 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3328 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3329 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3330 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3331 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3332 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3333 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3334 der jeg fant notatet som
3335 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3336 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3337
3338 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3339 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3340 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3341 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3342 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3343
3344       </div>
3345       <div class="tags">
3346
3347
3348         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3349
3350
3351       </div>
3352     </div>
3353     <div class="padding"></div>
3354
3355     <div class="entry">
3356       <div class="title">
3357         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3358       </div>
3359       <div class="date">
3360          5th May 2013
3361       </div>
3362       <div class="body">
3363         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3364 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3365 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3366 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3367 soon.</p>
3368
3369 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3370 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3371 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3372 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3373 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3374 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3375 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3376 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3377 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3378 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3379 Edu.</a>
3380
3381 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3382 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3383 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3384 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3385 follow.<p>
3386
3387       </div>
3388       <div class="tags">
3389
3390
3391         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3392
3393
3394       </div>
3395     </div>
3396     <div class="padding"></div>
3397
3398     <div class="entry">
3399       <div class="title">
3400         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3401       </div>
3402       <div class="date">
3403         26th April 2013
3404       </div>
3405       <div class="body">
3406         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3407 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3408 announcement:</p>
3409
3410 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3411 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3412
3413 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3414 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3415
3416 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3417
3418 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3419 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3420 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3421 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3422 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3423 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3424 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3425 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3426 installed via the network.</p>
3427
3428 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3429 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3430 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3431
3432 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3433
3434 <ul>
3435 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3436   <ul>
3437      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3438      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3439          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3440          manual.)</li>
3441      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3442      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3443      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3444      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3445      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3446      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3447      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3448      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3449      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3450      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3451      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3452      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3453          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3454          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3455      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3456          installation.</li>
3457      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3458          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3459   </ul></li>
3460 </ul>
3461
3462 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3463 <ul>
3464 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3465     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3466     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3467 </ul>
3468
3469 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3470 <ul>
3471 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3472     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3473     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3474 </ul>
3475
3476 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3477 <ul>
3478 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3479     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3480     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3481 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3482     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3483     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3484 </ul>
3485
3486 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3487 <ul>
3488 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3489     yet.</li>
3490 </ul>
3491
3492 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3493
3494 <ul>
3495 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3496     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3497     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3498 </ul>
3499
3500 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3501
3502 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3503 <ul>
3504 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3505 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3506 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3507 </ul>
3508
3509 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3510
3511 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3512
3513 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3514
3515 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3516
3517       </div>
3518       <div class="tags">
3519
3520
3521         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3522
3523
3524       </div>
3525     </div>
3526     <div class="padding"></div>
3527
3528     <div class="entry">
3529       <div class="title">
3530         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3531       </div>
3532       <div class="date">
3533         16th April 2013
3534       </div>
3535       <div class="body">
3536         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3537 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3538 Details about the gathering can be found
3539 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3540 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3541 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3542 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3543 weekend.</p>
3544
3545 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3546 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3547 Edu release.</p>
3548
3549 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3550
3551       </div>
3552       <div class="tags">
3553
3554
3555         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3556
3557
3558       </div>
3559     </div>
3560     <div class="padding"></div>
3561
3562     <div class="entry">
3563       <div class="title">
3564         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3565       </div>
3566       <div class="date">
3567         17th March 2013
3568       </div>
3569       <div class="body">
3570         <p>Via
3571 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3572 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3573 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3574 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3575 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3576 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3577 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3578
3579 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3580 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3581
3582 <blockquote>
3583 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3584 </blockquote>
3585
3586 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3587
3588 <blockquote>
3589 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3590 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3591 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3592 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3593 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3594 </blockquote>
3595
3596 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3597 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3598 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3599 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3600
3601 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3602 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3603
3604 <blockquote>
3605 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3606 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3607 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3608 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3609 </blockquote>
3610
3611 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3612 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3613 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3614 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3615 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3616
3617 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3618 embedding:</p>
3619
3620 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3621
3622       </div>
3623       <div class="tags">
3624
3625
3626         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3627
3628
3629       </div>
3630     </div>
3631     <div class="padding"></div>
3632
3633     <div class="entry">
3634       <div class="title">
3635         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3636       </div>
3637       <div class="date">
3638          8th March 2013
3639       </div>
3640       <div class="body">
3641         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3642 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3643 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3644 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3645 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3646 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3647 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3648
3649 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3650
3651 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3652 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3653
3654 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3655 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3656 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3657 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3658 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3659 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3660
3661 <p>Images are available for download at
3662 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3663
3664 <p>md5sums:
3665 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3666 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3667 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3668
3669 <p>sha1sums:
3670 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3671 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3672 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3673
3674 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3675
3676 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3677 2013-03-03:</p>
3678
3679 <ul>
3680   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3681   <ul>
3682         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3683         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3684   </ul></li>
3685   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3686   <ul>
3687         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3688         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3689   </ul></li>
3690   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3691      <ul>
3692         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3693         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3694         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3695                 Closes: #664596</li>
3696         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3697                 Closes: #664976</li>
3698         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3699            <ul>
3700                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3701                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3702            </ul></li>
3703         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3704            <ul>
3705                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3706                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3707                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3708                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3709                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3710            </ul></li>
3711         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3712     </ul>
3713   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3714     <ul>
3715         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3716     </ul></li>
3717 </ul>
3718
3719 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3720 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3721 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3722 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3723
3724 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3725 mailinglist
3726 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3727 </p></blockquote>
3728
3729 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3730
3731       </div>
3732       <div class="tags">
3733
3734
3735         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3736
3737
3738       </div>
3739     </div>
3740     <div class="padding"></div>
3741
3742     <div class="entry">
3743       <div class="title">
3744         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3745       </div>
3746       <div class="date">
3747         22nd February 2013
3748       </div>
3749       <div class="body">
3750         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3751 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3752 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3753 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3754 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3755
3756 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3757
3758 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3759 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3760 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3761 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3762 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3763 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3764 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3765 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3766 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3767 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3768 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3769 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3770 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3771
3772 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3773
3774 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3775 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3776 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3777 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3778
3779 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3780
3781 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3782 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3783 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3784 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3785 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3786 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3787 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3788 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3789
3790 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3791
3792 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3793 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3794 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3795 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3796 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3797 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
3798 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
3799
3800 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3801
3802 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
3803 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
3804 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
3805
3806 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3807 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3808
3809 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
3810 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
3811 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
3812 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
3813 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
3814 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
3815 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
3816 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
3817 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
3818 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
3819 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
3820 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
3821 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
3822 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
3823 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
3824
3825 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
3826 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
3827 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
3828
3829       </div>
3830       <div class="tags">
3831
3832
3833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3834
3835
3836       </div>
3837     </div>
3838     <div class="padding"></div>
3839
3840     <div class="entry">
3841       <div class="title">
3842         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3843       </div>
3844       <div class="date">
3845         28th December 2012
3846       </div>
3847       <div class="body">
3848         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
3849 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3850 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
3851 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
3852 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
3853 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
3854 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
3855 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
3856 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
3857 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
3858 followed by many others. :)</p>
3859
3860 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
3861 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
3862 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
3863 you want to donate to the project.</p>
3864
3865       </div>
3866       <div class="tags">
3867
3868
3869         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3870
3871
3872       </div>
3873     </div>
3874     <div class="padding"></div>
3875
3876     <div class="entry">
3877       <div class="title">
3878         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
3879       </div>
3880       <div class="date">
3881         18th December 2012
3882       </div>
3883       <div class="body">
3884         <p>A few days ago I came across
3885 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
3886 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
3887 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
3888 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
3889 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
3890 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
3891 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
3892 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
3893 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
3894
3895 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
3896 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
3897 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
3898 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
3899
3900 <blockquote><pre>
3901 2004-05-27 Book Store
3902       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
3903       Liabilities:Visa
3904 </pre></blockquote>
3905
3906 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
3907 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
3908 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
3909 Spang</a>,
3910 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
3911 Keen</a>,
3912 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
3913 Cantino</a> and
3914 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
3915 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
3916 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
3917 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
3918 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
3919
3920 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
3921 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
3922 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
3923 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
3924 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
3925
3926 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
3927 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
3928 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
3929 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
3930 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
3931 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
3932 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
3933 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
3934 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
3935
3936       </div>
3937       <div class="tags">
3938
3939
3940         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
3941
3942
3943       </div>
3944     </div>
3945     <div class="padding"></div>
3946
3947     <div class="entry">
3948       <div class="title">
3949         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
3950       </div>
3951       <div class="date">
3952         14th November 2012
3953       </div>
3954       <div class="body">
3955         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
3956 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3957 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
3958 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
3959 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
3960 the people behind the German
3961 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
3962 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
3963 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
3964
3965 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3966
3967 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
3968 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
3969 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
3970
3971 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
3972 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
3973 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
3974 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
3975 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
3976 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
3977
3978 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
3979 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
3980 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
3981 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
3982 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
3983 relationship management and the communication processes in the
3984 project.</p>
3985
3986 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
3987 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
3988 and a yoga teacher.</p>
3989
3990 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3991 project?</strong></p>
3992
3993 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
3994
3995 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
3996 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
3997 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
3998 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
3999 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
4000 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
4001 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
4002 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
4003 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
4004 parents.</p>
4005
4006 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
4007 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
4008 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
4009 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
4010 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
4011 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
4012 Germany.</p>
4013
4014 <p>For information about our school project you can read
4015 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
4016 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
4017
4018 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4019 Edu?</strong></p>
4020
4021 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
4022 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
4023
4024 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
4025 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
4026 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
4027 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
4028 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
4029 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
4030 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
4031 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
4032 teachers, parents...</p>
4033
4034 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
4035 Edu?</strong></p>
4036
4037 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
4038 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4039
4040 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
4041 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
4042 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
4043 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
4044 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4045
4046 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
4047 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
4048 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
4049 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
4050 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
4051 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
4052 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
4053
4054 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4055
4056 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
4057 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
4058 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
4059 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
4060
4061 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4062 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4063
4064 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
4065 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
4066 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
4067 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
4068 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
4069
4070 <ul>
4071
4072 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
4073 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
4074 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
4075
4076 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
4077 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
4078 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
4079 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
4080 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
4081 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
4082 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
4083
4084 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
4085 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
4086 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
4087 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
4088
4089 </ul>
4090
4091       </div>
4092       <div class="tags">
4093
4094
4095         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4096
4097
4098       </div>
4099     </div>
4100     <div class="padding"></div>
4101
4102     <div class="entry">
4103       <div class="title">
4104         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
4105       </div>
4106       <div class="date">
4107         14th October 2012
4108       </div>
4109       <div class="body">
4110         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
4111 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
4112 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
4113 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
4114 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
4115
4116 <blockquote>
4117 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
4118 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
4119
4120 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
4121
4122 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
4123 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
4124 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
4125 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
4126 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
4127 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
4128 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
4129
4130 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
4131 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
4132 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
4133 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
4134 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
4135 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
4136 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
4137 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
4138 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
4139
4140 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
4141 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
4142 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
4143 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
4144 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
4145 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
4146 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
4147 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
4148
4149 <p>Vennlig hilsen
4150 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
4151 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
4152
4153 <p>Referanser:</p>
4154
4155 <ul>
4156
4157 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
4158 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
4159
4160 </ul>
4161
4162 </blockquote>
4163
4164 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
4165 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
4166
4167       </div>
4168       <div class="tags">
4169
4170
4171         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4172
4173
4174       </div>
4175     </div>
4176     <div class="padding"></div>
4177
4178     <div class="entry">
4179       <div class="title">
4180         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4181       </div>
4182       <div class="date">
4183         13th October 2012
4184       </div>
4185       <div class="body">
4186         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
4187 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
4188 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
4189 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
4190 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
4191 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
4192
4193 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
4194 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
4195 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
4196 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
4197 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
4198 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
4199 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
4200 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
4201
4202 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
4203 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
4204
4205 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4206 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4207 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4208 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4209 krav!</p>
4210
4211       </div>
4212       <div class="tags">
4213
4214
4215         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4216
4217
4218       </div>
4219     </div>
4220     <div class="padding"></div>
4221
4222     <div class="entry">
4223       <div class="title">
4224         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4225       </div>
4226       <div class="date">
4227          2nd October 2012
4228       </div>
4229       <div class="body">
4230         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4231 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4232 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4233 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4234
4235 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4236
4237 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4238 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4239
4240 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4241 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4242 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4243
4244 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4245 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4246 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4247 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4248 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4249 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4250 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4251
4252 <p><blockquote>
4253  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4254    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4255    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4256 </blockquote></p>
4257
4258 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4259 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4260 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4261 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4262
4263 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4264 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4265 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4266 BSD.</p>
4267
4268 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4269 fra prosjektsidene på
4270 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4271 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4272
4273 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4274 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4275 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4276 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4277 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4278 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4279
4280 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4281 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4282 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4283 også svært velkomne.</p>
4284
4285 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4286
4287 <p><blockquote>
4288 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4289 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4290 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4291 </blockquote></p>
4292
4293 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4294
4295 <ul>
4296
4297 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4298     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4299 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4300     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4301 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4302     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4303 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4304     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4305     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4306 </ul>
4307
4308 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4309
4310 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4311
4312 <ul>
4313
4314 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4315     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4316 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4317     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4318 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4319     control where to install these.</li>
4320 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4321     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4322 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4323     updated script.</li>
4324 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4325 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4326     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4327 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4328     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4329 </ul>
4330
4331       </div>
4332       <div class="tags">
4333
4334
4335         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4336
4337
4338       </div>
4339     </div>
4340     <div class="padding"></div>
4341
4342     <div class="entry">
4343       <div class="title">
4344         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4345       </div>
4346       <div class="date">
4347         17th September 2012
4348       </div>
4349       <div class="body">
4350         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4351 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4352 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4353 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4354 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4355 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4356 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4357
4358 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4359
4360 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4361 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4362 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4363 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4364 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4365 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4366 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4367 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4368 training is anyway very important</p>
4369
4370 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4371 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4372 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4373 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4374 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4375
4376 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4377 project?</strong></p>
4378
4379 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4380 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4381 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4382 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4383 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4384 hole.</p>
4385
4386 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4387 Edu?</strong></p>
4388
4389 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4390 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4391 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4392 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4393 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4394 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4395 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4396 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4397 hassle.</p>
4398
4399 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4400 Edu?</strong></p>
4401
4402 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4403 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4404 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4405 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4406 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4407 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4408 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4409 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4410
4411 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4412
4413 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4414 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4415 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4416 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4417 has the same...</p>
4418
4419 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4420 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4421 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4422 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4423
4424 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4425 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4426
4427 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4428 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4429 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4430
4431 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4432 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4433 don't.</p>
4434
4435 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4436 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4437 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4438 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4439 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4440 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4441 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4442
4443       </div>
4444       <div class="tags">
4445
4446
4447         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4448
4449
4450       </div>
4451     </div>
4452     <div class="padding"></div>
4453
4454     <div class="entry">
4455       <div class="title">
4456         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4457       </div>
4458       <div class="date">
4459         15th August 2012
4460       </div>
4461       <div class="body">
4462         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4463 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4464 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4465 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4466 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4467 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4468 vært vellykket.</p>
4469
4470 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4471 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4472 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4473 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4474
4475 <blockquote>
4476 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4477   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4478   Fedreheim."
4479 </blockquote>
4480
4481 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4482 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4483 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4484
4485 <blockquote>
4486
4487 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4488 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4489 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4490 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4491 i nord."
4492
4493 </blockquote>
4494
4495 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4496
4497 <blockquote>
4498 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4499   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4500   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4501   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4502 </blockquote>
4503
4504 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4505 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4506 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4507 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4508 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4509 via
4510 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4511
4512 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4513 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4514 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4515 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4516
4517       </div>
4518       <div class="tags">
4519
4520
4521         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4522
4523
4524       </div>
4525     </div>
4526     <div class="padding"></div>
4527
4528     <div class="entry">
4529       <div class="title">
4530         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4531       </div>
4532       <div class="date">
4533         19th July 2012
4534       </div>
4535       <div class="body">
4536         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4537 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4538 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4539 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4540
4541 <p><blockquote>
4542 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4543 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4544 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4545 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4546 medlemsforeningen
4547 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4548 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4549 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4550 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4551 epostlisten
4552 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4553 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4554 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4555 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4556 planlegges
4557 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4558 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4559
4560 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4561 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4562
4563 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4564 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4565 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4566 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4567 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4568
4569 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4570 å finne...</p>
4571 </blockquote></p>
4572 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4573
4574       </div>
4575       <div class="tags">
4576
4577
4578         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4579
4580
4581       </div>
4582     </div>
4583     <div class="padding"></div>
4584
4585     <div class="entry">
4586       <div class="title">
4587         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4588       </div>
4589       <div class="date">
4590          9th July 2012
4591       </div>
4592       <div class="body">
4593         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4594 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4595 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4596 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4597 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4598 to adjust and scale the just released
4599 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4600 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4601 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4602
4603 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4604
4605 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4606 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4607 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4608 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4609 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4610 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4611 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4612 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4613
4614 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4615 project?</strong></p>
4616
4617 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4618 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4619 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4620 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4621 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4622 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4623
4624 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4625 Edu?</strong></p>
4626
4627 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4628 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4629 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4630 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4631 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4632 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4633 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4634 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4635 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4636 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4637 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4638 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4639 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4640 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4641 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4642 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4643 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4644 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4645 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4646 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4647 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4648 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4649 quicker to update.
4650
4651 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4652 Edu?</strong></p>
4653
4654 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4655 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4656 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4657 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4658 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4659 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4660
4661 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4662 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4663 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4664 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4665 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4666 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4667 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4668 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4669 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4670 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4671 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4672 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4673 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4674 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4675 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4676
4677 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4678 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4679 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4680 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4681 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4682 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4683 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4684 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4685
4686 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4687 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4688 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4689 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4690 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4691 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4692 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4693 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4694 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4695 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4696 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4697 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4698 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4699 sound file.</p>
4700
4701 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4702 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4703 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4704 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4705 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4706 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4707 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4708 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4709 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4710
4711 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4712
4713 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4714 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4715 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4716 )</p>
4717
4718 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4719 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4720
4721 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4722 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4723 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4724 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4725 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4726 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4727 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4728 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4729 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4730 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4731 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4732 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4733 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4734 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4735 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4736
4737 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4738 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4739 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4740 management with Airtime</a>,
4741 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4742 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4743 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4744 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4745 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4746
4747       </div>
4748       <div class="tags">
4749
4750
4751         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4752
4753
4754       </div>
4755     </div>
4756     <div class="padding"></div>
4757
4758     <div class="entry">
4759       <div class="title">
4760         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4761       </div>
4762       <div class="date">
4763          8th July 2012
4764       </div>
4765       <div class="body">
4766         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4767 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4768 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4769 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4770 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4771 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4772 Steinberg in his blog post
4773 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4774 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4775 spending of your tax money.</p>
4776
4777 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4778 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4779 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4780 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4781 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4782 purchases.</p>
4783
4784       </div>
4785       <div class="tags">
4786
4787
4788         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4789
4790
4791       </div>
4792     </div>
4793     <div class="padding"></div>
4794
4795     <div class="entry">
4796       <div class="title">
4797         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
4798       </div>
4799       <div class="date">
4800          7th July 2012
4801       </div>
4802       <div class="body">
4803         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4804 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
4805 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
4806 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
4807 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
4808 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
4809 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
4810 receive.  The software is
4811
4812 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
4813 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
4814 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
4815 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
4816 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
4817 Windows</a>.</p>
4818
4819 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
4820 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
4821
4822 <p><ul>
4823
4824   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
4825     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
4826
4827   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
4828     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
4829     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
4830     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
4831     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
4832     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
4833     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
4834     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
4835     </li>
4836
4837   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
4838     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
4839
4840   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
4841     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
4842
4843   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
4844     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
4845
4846   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
4847
4848   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
4849     formats </li>
4850
4851   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
4852     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
4853     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
4854     (as separate sets)</li>
4855
4856   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
4857     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
4858     percentage)</li>
4859
4860   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
4861     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
4862     memory):
4863     <ul>
4864       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
4865       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
4866       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
4867       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
4868       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
4869       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
4870       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
4871       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
4872       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
4873       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
4874           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
4875           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
4876           activity)</li>
4877       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
4878       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
4879     </ul></li>
4880
4881   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
4882     <ul>
4883       <li>Break periods</li>
4884       <li>For teacher(s):
4885         <ul>
4886           <li>Not available periods</li>
4887           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
4888           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4889           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4890           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4891           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4892
4893           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4894             days per week</li>
4895         </ul></li>
4896       <li>For students (sets):
4897         <ul>
4898           <li>Not available periods</li>
4899           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
4900           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4901           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4902           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4903           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4904
4905           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4906             days per week</li>
4907         </ul></li>
4908       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
4909         <ul>
4910           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
4911           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
4912           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
4913           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
4914           <li>End(s) students day</li>
4915           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
4916           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
4917             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
4918           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
4919           <li>Not overlapping</li>
4920           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
4921           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
4922         </ul></li>
4923     </ul></li>
4924
4925   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
4926     <ul>
4927       <li>Room not available periods</li>
4928       <li>For teacher(s):
4929         <ul>
4930           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4931           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4932           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4933         </ul>
4934       </li>
4935
4936       <li>For students (sets):
4937         <ul>
4938           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4939           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4940           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4941         </ul>
4942       </li>
4943       <li>Preferred room(s):
4944         <ul>
4945           <li>For a subject</li>
4946           <li>For an activity tag</li>
4947           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
4948           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
4949         </ul>
4950       </li>
4951
4952       <li>For a set of activities:
4953         <ul>
4954           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
4955         </ul>
4956       </li>
4957     </ul>
4958   </li>
4959 </ul></p>
4960
4961 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
4962 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
4963 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
4964 manually, check it out.
4965
4966 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
4967 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
4968 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
4969 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
4970 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
4971 section</a>.</p>
4972
4973       </div>
4974       <div class="tags">
4975
4976
4977         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4978
4979
4980       </div>
4981     </div>
4982     <div class="padding"></div>
4983
4984     <div class="entry">
4985       <div class="title">
4986         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
4987       </div>
4988       <div class="date">
4989         30th June 2012
4990       </div>
4991       <div class="body">
4992         <p>Tidligere leder av
4993 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
4994 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
4995 i media og
4996 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
4997 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
4998 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
4999 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
5000 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
5001 noen måneder etter at
5002 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
5003 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
5004
5005 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5006
5007 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
5008 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
5009 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
5010 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
5011 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
5012 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
5013
5014 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5015
5016 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
5017 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
5018 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
5019 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
5020 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
5021 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
5022 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
5023 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
5024 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
5025 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
5026 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
5027 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
5028 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
5029 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
5030 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
5031 Windows.</p>
5032
5033 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5034
5035 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
5036 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
5037 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
5038 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
5039 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
5040 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
5041 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
5042 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
5043 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
5044 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
5045
5046 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5047
5048 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
5049 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
5050 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
5051 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
5052
5053 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5054
5055 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
5056 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
5057 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
5058 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
5059 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
5060 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
5061 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
5062 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
5063 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
5064
5065 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5066 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5067
5068 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
5069 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
5070 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
5071 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
5072 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
5073 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
5074 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
5075 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
5076
5077       </div>
5078       <div class="tags">
5079
5080
5081         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5082
5083
5084       </div>
5085     </div>
5086     <div class="padding"></div>
5087
5088     <div class="entry">
5089       <div class="title">
5090         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
5091       </div>
5092       <div class="date">
5093         26th June 2012
5094       </div>
5095       <div class="body">
5096         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
5097 another interview with the people behind
5098 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5099 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
5100 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
5101 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
5102 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
5103 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5104 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5105
5106 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5107
5108 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
5109 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
5110 ICT in schools</p>
5111
5112 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5113 project?</strong></p>
5114
5115 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
5116 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
5117 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
5118 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
5119
5120 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5121 Edu?</strong></p>
5122
5123 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
5124 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
5125 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
5126 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
5127
5128 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5129 Edu?</strong></p>
5130
5131 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
5132 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
5133 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
5134 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
5135 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
5136 technologies in school.</p>
5137
5138 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5139
5140 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
5141 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
5142 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
5143
5144 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5145 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5146
5147 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
5148 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
5149 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
5150 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
5151
5152 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
5153 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
5154 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
5155
5156 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
5157 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
5158 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
5159 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
5160 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
5161 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
5162 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
5163 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
5164 working there.</p>
5165
5166       </div>
5167       <div class="tags">
5168
5169
5170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5171
5172
5173       </div>
5174     </div>
5175     <div class="padding"></div>
5176
5177     <div class="entry">
5178       <div class="title">
5179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
5180       </div>
5181       <div class="date">
5182         11th June 2012
5183       </div>
5184       <div class="body">
5185         <p>During my work on
5186 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
5187 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
5188 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
5189 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
5190 explanation.</p>
5191
5192 <p><ul>
5193
5194 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
5195 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
5196 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
5197 system depend on tasksel tasks in
5198 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
5199 installation.</li>
5200
5201 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
5202 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
5203 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
5204 at least try to enable it for these services:
5205 <ul>
5206
5207   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5208     quotas.</li>
5209   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5210   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5211   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5212   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5213   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5214
5215 </ul></li>
5216
5217 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5218 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5219 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5220 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5221
5222 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5223 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5224 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5225
5226 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5227 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5228 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5229 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5230 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5231 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5232
5233 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5234 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5235 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5236 in Wheezy.
5237
5238 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5239 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5240 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5241
5242 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5243 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5244 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5245 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5246
5247 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5248 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5249 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5250 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5251
5252 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5253 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5254 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5255
5256 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5257 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5258 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5259
5260 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5261 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5262 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5263 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5264 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5265
5266 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5267 <ul>
5268
5269 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5270 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5271 <li>and probably more?</li>
5272 </ul></li>
5273
5274 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5275 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5276 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5277 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5278 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5279 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5280 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5281 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5282
5283
5284 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5285 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5286 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5287 use.</li>
5288
5289 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5290 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5291 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5292 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5293 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5294
5295 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5296 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5297 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5298 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5299 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5300 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5301
5302 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5303 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5304 There are at least three implementations,
5305 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5306 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5307 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5308 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5309 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5310 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5311 given room.</li>
5312
5313 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5314 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5315 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5316 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5317 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5318 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5319 investigated.</li>
5320
5321 </ul></p>
5322
5323 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5324 version.</p>
5325
5326       </div>
5327       <div class="tags">
5328
5329
5330         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5331
5332
5333       </div>
5334     </div>
5335     <div class="padding"></div>
5336
5337     <div class="entry">
5338       <div class="title">
5339         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5340       </div>
5341       <div class="date">
5342          2nd June 2012
5343       </div>
5344       <div class="body">
5345         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5346 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5347 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5348 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5349 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5350 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5351
5352 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5353
5354 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5355 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5356 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5357 by Angela).</p>
5358
5359 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5360 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5361 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5362 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5363 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5364
5365 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5366 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5367 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5368 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5369 skills with communication skills.</p>
5370
5371 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5372 project?</strong></p>
5373
5374 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5375 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5376 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5377 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5378 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5379
5380 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5381 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5382 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5383 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5384 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5385 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5386 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5387 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5388 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5389
5390 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5391 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5392 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5393
5394 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5395
5396 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5397 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5398 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5399 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5400 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5401 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5402 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5403 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5404 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5405 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5406 point.</p>
5407
5408 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5409 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5410 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5411 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5412 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5413 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5414
5415 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5416 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5417 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5418 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5419 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5420 spare time.</p>
5421
5422 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5423 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5424 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5425 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5426 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5427
5428 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5429 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5430 avoidance do exist.</p>
5431
5432 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5433 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5434 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5435 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5436 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5437 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5438 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5439
5440 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5441 Edu?</strong></p>
5442
5443 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5444 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5445 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5446 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5447 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5448 developers, etc.</p>
5449
5450 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5451 Edu?</strong></p>
5452
5453 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5454
5455 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5456 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5457 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5458 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5459 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5460 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5461 contribute).</p>
5462
5463 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5464 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5465 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5466 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5467 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5468 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5469 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5470 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5471 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5472 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5473
5474 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5475
5476 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5477
5478 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5479 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5480 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5481
5482 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5483 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5484 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5485 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5486
5487 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5488 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5489 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5490 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5491 whiteboard.</p>
5492
5493 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5494
5495 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5496 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5497
5498 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5499 enrol people.</p>
5500
5501       </div>
5502       <div class="tags">
5503
5504
5505         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5506
5507
5508       </div>
5509     </div>
5510     <div class="padding"></div>
5511
5512     <div class="entry">
5513       <div class="title">
5514         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5515       </div>
5516       <div class="date">
5517         27th May 2012
5518       </div>
5519       <div class="body">
5520         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5521 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5522 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5523 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5524 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5525 since then, helping to make sure the
5526 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5527 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5528
5529 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5530
5531 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5532 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5533 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5534 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5535 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5536 our computer network.</p>
5537
5538 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5539 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5540 (4 months).</p>
5541
5542 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5543 project?</strong></p>
5544
5545 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5546 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5547 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5548 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5549 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5550 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5551 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5552 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5553 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5554 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5555 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5556 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5557 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5558 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5559
5560 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5561 Edu?</strong></p>
5562
5563 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5564 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5565 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5566 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5567 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5568 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5569 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5570 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5571
5572 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5573 Edu?</strong></p>
5574
5575 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5576 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5577 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5578 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5579 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5580 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5581 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5582 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5583 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5584 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5585 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5586 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5587
5588 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5589
5590 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5591 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5592 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5593
5594 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5595 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5596
5597 <p><ol>
5598
5599 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5600 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5601 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5602 developing.</li>
5603
5604 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5605 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5606 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5607 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5608 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5609
5610 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5611 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5612 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5613
5614 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5615 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5616 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5617 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5618
5619 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5620 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5621 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5622
5623 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5624
5625 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5626 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5627 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5628 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5629
5630 </ol></p>
5631
5632       </div>
5633       <div class="tags">
5634
5635
5636         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5637
5638
5639       </div>
5640     </div>
5641     <div class="padding"></div>
5642
5643     <div class="entry">
5644       <div class="title">
5645         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5646       </div>
5647       <div class="date">
5648         20th May 2012
5649       </div>
5650       <div class="body">
5651         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5652 musiker og mannen bak
5653 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5654 i Rosegarden</a>
5655 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5656 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5657 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5658 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5659 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5660 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5661
5662 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5663
5664 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5665 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5666 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5667 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5668 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5669 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5670 musikkundervisning.</p>
5671
5672 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5673 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5674
5675 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5676 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5677 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5678 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5679 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5680 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5681
5682 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5683
5684 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5685 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5686 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5687 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5688
5689 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5690
5691 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5692 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5693 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5694 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5695 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5696
5697 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5698
5699 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5700 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5701 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5702
5703 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5704 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5705 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5706 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5707 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5708 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5709 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5710 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5711 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5712 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5713 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5714 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5715
5716 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5717 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5718
5719 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5720
5721 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5722 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5723 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5724 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5725 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5726 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5727
5728 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5729 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5730 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5731
5732 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5733 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5734 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5735
5736 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5737 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5738 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5739 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5740 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5741 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5742 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5743 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5744
5745 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5746
5747 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5748 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5749
5750 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5751 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5752
5753 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5754 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5755 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5756 alternativer.
5757
5758       </div>
5759       <div class="tags">
5760
5761
5762         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5763
5764
5765       </div>
5766     </div>
5767     <div class="padding"></div>
5768
5769     <div class="entry">
5770       <div class="title">
5771         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5772       </div>
5773       <div class="date">
5774         13th May 2012
5775       </div>
5776       <div class="body">
5777         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5778 publish another interview with the people behind
5779 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5780 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5781 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5782 details get right before release.
5783
5784 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5785
5786 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5787 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5788 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5789 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5790 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5791 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5792 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5793 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5794
5795 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5796 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5797 home since 2006.</p>
5798
5799 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5800 project?</strong></p>
5801
5802 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
5803 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
5804 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
5805 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
5806 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
5807 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
5808
5809 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
5810 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
5811 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
5812 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
5813 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
5814 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
5815 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
5816 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
5817 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
5818 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
5819 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
5820 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
5821 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
5822 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
5823 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
5824 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
5825
5826 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5827 Edu?</strong></p>
5828
5829 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
5830 for me as today.</p>
5831
5832 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
5833
5834 <p><ul>
5835
5836 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
5837 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
5838
5839 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
5840 cost.</li>
5841
5842 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
5843 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
5844 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
5845 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
5846 server</li>
5847
5848 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
5849 school.</li>
5850
5851 </ul></p>
5852
5853 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
5854 came up in this way:</p>
5855
5856 <p><ul>
5857
5858 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
5859 now.</li>
5860
5861 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
5862 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
5863 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
5864
5865 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
5866 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
5867 interfaces used in the past.</li>
5868
5869 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
5870 different needs.</li>
5871
5872 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
5873
5874 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
5875 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
5876 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
5877
5878 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
5879 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
5880
5881 </ul></p>
5882
5883 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5884 Edu?</strong></p>
5885
5886 <p><ul>
5887
5888 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
5889 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
5890 whole municipality areas.</li>
5891
5892 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
5893 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
5894 politicians.</li>
5895
5896 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
5897
5898 </ul></p>
5899
5900 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5901
5902 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
5903 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
5904 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
5905 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
5906 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
5907 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
5908
5909 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
5910 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
5911 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
5912 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
5913 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
5914
5915 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5916 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5917
5918 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
5919 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
5920 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
5921
5922       </div>
5923       <div class="tags">
5924
5925
5926         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5927
5928
5929       </div>
5930     </div>
5931     <div class="padding"></div>
5932
5933     <div class="entry">
5934       <div class="title">
5935         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
5936       </div>
5937       <div class="date">
5938         15th April 2012
5939       </div>
5940       <div class="body">
5941         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
5942 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
5943 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
5944 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
5945 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
5946
5947 <p><blockquote>
5948
5949 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
5950 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
5951 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
5952 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
5953 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
5954 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
5955 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
5956
5957 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
5958 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
5959 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
5960 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
5961 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
5962 er:</p>
5963
5964 <ul>
5965 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
5966 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
5967 </ul>
5968
5969 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
5970 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
5971 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
5972 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
5973 dialog med informantene.</p>
5974
5975 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
5976 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
5977 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
5978 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
5979 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
5980 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
5981 OpenOffice.org.</p>
5982
5983 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
5984 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
5985 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
5986 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
5987 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
5988 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
5989 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
5990 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
5991 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
5992 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
5993 formater.</p>
5994
5995 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
5996 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
5997 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
5998 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
5999 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
6000 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
6001 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
6002 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
6003 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
6004 </blockquote></p>
6005
6006 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
6007 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
6008 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
6009 til DUO...</p>
6010
6011
6012       </div>
6013       <div class="tags">
6014
6015
6016         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6017
6018
6019       </div>
6020     </div>
6021     <div class="padding"></div>
6022
6023     <div class="entry">
6024       <div class="title">
6025         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
6026       </div>
6027       <div class="date">
6028         15th April 2012
6029       </div>
6030       <div class="body">
6031         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6032 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
6033 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
6034 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
6035 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
6036 up in the recently released
6037 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6038 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
6039
6040 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6041
6042 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
6043 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
6044 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
6045 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
6046 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
6047 information technology and science/technology.</p>
6048
6049 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6050 project?</strong></p>
6051
6052 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
6053 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
6054 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
6055 contributing.</p>
6056
6057 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6058 Edu?</strong></p>
6059
6060 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
6061 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
6062 Debian Project!</p>
6063
6064 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6065 Edu?</strong></p>
6066
6067 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
6068 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
6069 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
6070 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
6071 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
6072 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
6073 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
6074
6075 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
6076 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
6077
6078 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6079
6080 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
6081 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
6082 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
6083 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
6084
6085 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6086 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6087
6088 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
6089 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
6090 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
6091 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
6092 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
6093 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
6094 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
6095
6096 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
6097 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
6098 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
6099 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
6100 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
6101 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
6102 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
6103 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
6104
6105       </div>
6106       <div class="tags">
6107
6108
6109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6110
6111
6112       </div>
6113     </div>
6114     <div class="padding"></div>
6115
6116     <div class="entry">
6117       <div class="title">
6118         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
6119       </div>
6120       <div class="date">
6121          8th April 2012
6122       </div>
6123       <div class="body">
6124         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
6125 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
6126 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
6127 contributor to the
6128 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
6129 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
6130
6131 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6132
6133 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
6134 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
6135
6136 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6137 project?</strong></p>
6138
6139 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
6140 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
6141 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
6142 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
6143 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
6144 "localisation".</p>
6145
6146 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6147 Edu?</strong></p>
6148
6149 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6150 Edu?</strong></p>
6151
6152 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
6153 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
6154 education system.</p>
6155
6156 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
6157 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
6158 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
6159 money on the latest hardware.</p>
6160
6161 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6162
6163 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
6164 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
6165 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
6166
6167 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6168 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6169
6170 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
6171 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
6172 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
6173
6174       </div>
6175       <div class="tags">
6176
6177
6178         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6179
6180
6181       </div>
6182     </div>
6183     <div class="padding"></div>
6184
6185     <div class="entry">
6186       <div class="title">
6187         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
6188       </div>
6189       <div class="date">
6190          6th April 2012
6191       </div>
6192       <div class="body">
6193         <p>Recently I have spent time with
6194 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
6195 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6196 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
6197 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
6198 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
6199 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
6200 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
6201 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
6202
6203 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
6204 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6205 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6206 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6207 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6208 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6209 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6210 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6211
6212 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6213 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6214 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6215 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6216 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6217 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6218 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6219 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6220
6221 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6222 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6223 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6224 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6225 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6226 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6227 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6228 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6229 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6230 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6231
6232 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6233 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6234 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6235 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6236
6237 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6238 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6239
6240       </div>
6241       <div class="tags">
6242
6243
6244         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6245
6246
6247       </div>
6248     </div>
6249     <div class="padding"></div>
6250
6251     <div class="entry">
6252       <div class="title">
6253         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6254       </div>
6255       <div class="date">
6256          5th April 2012
6257       </div>
6258       <div class="body">
6259         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6260 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6261 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6262 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6263 for schools.  Check out his article
6264 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6265 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6266
6267       </div>
6268       <div class="tags">
6269
6270
6271         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6272
6273
6274       </div>
6275     </div>
6276     <div class="padding"></div>
6277
6278     <div class="entry">
6279       <div class="title">
6280         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6281       </div>
6282       <div class="date">
6283          1st April 2012
6284       </div>
6285       <div class="body">
6286         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6287 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6288 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6289 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6290
6291 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6292
6293 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6294 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6295 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6296 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6297 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6298 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6299 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6300 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6301
6302 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6303 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6304 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6305 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6306 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6307 the end of April this year.</p>
6308
6309 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6310 project?</strong></p>
6311
6312 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6313 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6314 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6315 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6316 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6317 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6318 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6319 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6320 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6321 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6322 Skolelinux.</p>
6323
6324 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6325 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6326 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6327 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6328 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6329 the admin teachers.</p>
6330
6331 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6332 Edu?</strong></p>
6333
6334 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6335 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6336 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6337
6338 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6339 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6340 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6341 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6342 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6343
6344 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6345 Edu?</strong></p>
6346
6347 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6348
6349 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6350
6351 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6352 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6353 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6354 LibreOffice.</p>
6355
6356 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6357 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6358
6359 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6360 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6361 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6362
6363       </div>
6364       <div class="tags">
6365
6366
6367         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6368
6369
6370       </div>
6371     </div>
6372     <div class="padding"></div>
6373
6374     <div class="entry">
6375       <div class="title">
6376         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6377       </div>
6378       <div class="date">
6379         30th March 2012
6380       </div>
6381       <div class="body">
6382         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6383 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6384 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6385
6386 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6387 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6388
6389 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6390
6391 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6392 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6393 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6394 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6395 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6396
6397 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6398 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6399 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6400 Nord-Odal:</p>
6401
6402 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6403 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6404 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6405 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6406
6407 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6408 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6409 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6410 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6411 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6412 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6413 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6414 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6415
6416 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6417
6418 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6419 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6420 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6421 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6422 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6423 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6424 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6425 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6426
6427 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6428 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6429 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6430 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6431 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6432 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6433 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6434 Norge og verden.</p>
6435
6436 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6437
6438 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6439 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6440
6441 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6442
6443 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6444
6445 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6446
6447 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6448 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6449
6450 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6451
6452 <p><ul>
6453
6454  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6455  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6456  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6457  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6458  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6459  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6460  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6461
6462 </ul></p>
6463
6464       </div>
6465       <div class="tags">
6466
6467
6468         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6469
6470
6471       </div>
6472     </div>
6473     <div class="padding"></div>
6474
6475     <div class="entry">
6476       <div class="title">
6477         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6478       </div>
6479       <div class="date">
6480         28th March 2012
6481       </div>
6482       <div class="body">
6483         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6484 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6485 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6486 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6487
6488 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6489
6490 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6491 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6492 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6493 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6494
6495 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6496 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6497 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6498 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6499 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6500 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6501 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6502 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6503
6504 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6505 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6506
6507 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6508 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6509 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6510 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6511 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6512 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6513 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6514 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6515 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6516 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6517 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6518 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6519 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6520 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6521 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6522 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6523 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6524 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6525 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6526 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6527
6528 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6529
6530 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6531 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6532 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6533 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6534 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6535 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6536 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6537 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6538 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6539 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6540 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6541 samarbeid med andre.
6542
6543 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6544 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6545 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6546
6547 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6548
6549 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6550 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6551 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6552 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6553 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6554
6555 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6556 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6557 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6558 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6559 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6560 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6561 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6562
6563 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6564 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6565 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6566 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6567
6568 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6569 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6570 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6571 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6572 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6573 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6574
6575 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6576 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6577 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6578 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6579 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6580 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6581
6582 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6583 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6584 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6585 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6586 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6587 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6588 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6589 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6590 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6591 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6592
6593 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6594
6595 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6596 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6597 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6598 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6599 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6600 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6601 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6602 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6603 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6604 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6605 Bill G sine produkter.
6606
6607 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6608 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6609
6610 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6611 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6612 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6613 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6614 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6615 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6616 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6617 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6618 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6619
6620       </div>
6621       <div class="tags">
6622
6623
6624         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6625
6626
6627       </div>
6628     </div>
6629     <div class="padding"></div>
6630
6631     <div class="entry">
6632       <div class="title">
6633         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6634       </div>
6635       <div class="date">
6636         25th March 2012
6637       </div>
6638       <div class="body">
6639         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6640
6641 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6642 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6643 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6644 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6645 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6646 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6647 and download as a
6648 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6649 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6650
6651 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6652   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6653     <p>Download video as
6654       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6655 </video></p>
6656
6657       </div>
6658       <div class="tags">
6659
6660
6661         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6662
6663
6664       </div>
6665     </div>
6666     <div class="padding"></div>
6667
6668     <div class="entry">
6669       <div class="title">
6670         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6671       </div>
6672       <div class="date">
6673         19th March 2012
6674       </div>
6675       <div class="body">
6676         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6677 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6678 Et eksempel er
6679 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6680 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6681 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6682 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6683 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6684 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6685 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6686 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6687 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6688 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6689 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6690 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6691 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6692
6693 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6694 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6695 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6696 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6697 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6698
6699 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6700 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6701 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6702 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6703 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6704 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6705 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6706 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6707
6708 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6709 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6710 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6711
6712 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6713 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6714 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6715 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6716
6717 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6718 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6719
6720       </div>
6721       <div class="tags">
6722
6723
6724         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6725
6726
6727       </div>
6728     </div>
6729     <div class="padding"></div>
6730
6731     <div class="entry">
6732       <div class="title">
6733         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6734       </div>
6735       <div class="date">
6736         19th March 2012
6737       </div>
6738       <div class="body">
6739         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6740 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6741 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6742 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6743 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6744
6745 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6746
6747 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6748 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6749 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6750 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6751 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6752 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6753 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6754 installations.</p>
6755
6756 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6757 project?</strong></p>
6758
6759 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6760 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6761 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6762 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6763 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6764 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6765 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6766 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6767 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6768
6769 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6770 Edu?</strong></p>
6771
6772 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6773 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6774 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6775 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6776 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6777 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6778 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6779 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6780
6781 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6782 Edu?</strong></p>
6783
6784 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6785 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6786 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6787 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6788 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6789
6790 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6791
6792 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
6793 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
6794 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
6795 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
6796 that counts...)</p>
6797
6798 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6799 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6800
6801 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
6802 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
6803 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
6804 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
6805 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
6806 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
6807 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
6808 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
6809 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
6810 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
6811 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
6812
6813 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
6814 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
6815 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
6816
6817       </div>
6818       <div class="tags">
6819
6820
6821         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6822
6823
6824       </div>
6825     </div>
6826     <div class="padding"></div>
6827
6828     <div class="entry">
6829       <div class="title">
6830         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
6831       </div>
6832       <div class="date">
6833         16th March 2012
6834       </div>
6835       <div class="body">
6836         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
6837 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
6838 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
6839 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
6840
6841 <ol>
6842
6843 <li>The documentation is written in a
6844 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
6845 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
6846 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
6847 docbook XML.</li>
6848
6849 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
6850 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
6851 with the translated text.</li>
6852
6853 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
6854 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
6855 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
6856 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
6857 images.</li>
6858
6859 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
6860 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
6861
6862 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
6863 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
6864
6865 </ol>
6866
6867 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
6868 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
6869 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
6870 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
6871 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
6872
6873 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
6874 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
6875 package</a>.</p>
6876
6877       </div>
6878       <div class="tags">
6879
6880
6881         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6882
6883
6884       </div>
6885     </div>
6886     <div class="padding"></div>
6887
6888     <div class="entry">
6889       <div class="title">
6890         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
6891       </div>
6892       <div class="date">
6893         13th March 2012
6894       </div>
6895       <div class="body">
6896         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
6897 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
6898 er tilgjengelige allerede og
6899 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
6900 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
6901 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
6902 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
6903 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
6904 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
6905 likevel.</p>
6906
6907       </div>
6908       <div class="tags">
6909
6910
6911         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
6912
6913
6914       </div>
6915     </div>
6916     <div class="padding"></div>
6917
6918     <div class="entry">
6919       <div class="title">
6920         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
6921       </div>
6922       <div class="date">
6923         12th March 2012
6924       </div>
6925       <div class="body">
6926         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
6927 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
6928 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
6929 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
6930 styremedlem i foreningen
6931 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6932 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
6933 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
6934 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
6935 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
6936 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
6937 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
6938 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
6939 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
6940 veien.</p>
6941
6942 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6943
6944 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
6945 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
6946 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
6947 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
6948 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
6949 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
6950 slutten.</p>
6951
6952 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6953
6954 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
6955 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
6956 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
6957 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
6958 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
6959 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
6960 admin-siden).</p>
6961
6962 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6963
6964 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
6965 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
6966 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
6967 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
6968 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
6969 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
6970
6971 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6972
6973 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
6974 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
6975 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
6976 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
6977 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
6978 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
6979 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
6980
6981 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6982
6983 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
6984 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
6985 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
6986 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
6987
6988 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6989 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6990
6991 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
6992 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
6993 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
6994 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
6995 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
6996 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
6997 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
6998 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
6999 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
7000 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
7001 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
7002 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
7003 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
7004 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
7005 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
7006 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
7007 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
7008 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
7009
7010       </div>
7011       <div class="tags">
7012
7013
7014         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7015
7016
7017       </div>
7018     </div>
7019     <div class="padding"></div>
7020
7021     <div class="entry">
7022       <div class="title">
7023         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
7024       </div>
7025       <div class="date">
7026         11th March 2012
7027       </div>
7028       <div class="body">
7029         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
7030 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
7031 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7032 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
7033 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
7034 you have not done so already.</p>
7035
7036 <p>I plan to present the new version at
7037 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
7038 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
7039 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
7040
7041       </div>
7042       <div class="tags">
7043
7044
7045         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7046
7047
7048       </div>
7049     </div>
7050     <div class="padding"></div>
7051
7052     <div class="entry">
7053       <div class="title">
7054         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
7055       </div>
7056       <div class="date">
7057          9th March 2012
7058       </div>
7059       <div class="body">
7060         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
7061 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
7062 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7063 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
7064 more international audience.</p>
7065
7066 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
7067 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
7068 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
7069 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
7070 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
7071 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
7072 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
7073
7074
7075 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
7076
7077 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
7078 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
7079 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
7080 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
7081 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
7082 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
7083 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
7084 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
7085 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
7086 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
7087 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
7088
7089 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
7090 project?</strong></p>
7091
7092 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
7093 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
7094 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
7095 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
7096 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
7097 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
7098 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
7099 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
7100 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
7101 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
7102 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
7103 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
7104 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
7105
7106 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7107 Edu?</strong></p>
7108
7109 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
7110 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
7111 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
7112 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
7113 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
7114 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
7115 Japan.</p>
7116
7117 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
7118 Edu?</strong></p>
7119
7120 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
7121 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
7122 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
7123 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
7124 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
7125 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
7126 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
7127 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
7128 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
7129 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
7130 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
7131 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
7132 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
7133 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
7134 help.</p>
7135
7136 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
7137
7138 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
7139 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
7140 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
7141 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
7142 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
7143 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
7144 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
7145 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
7146 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
7147 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
7148 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
7149
7150 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
7151 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
7152
7153 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
7154 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
7155 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
7156 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
7157 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
7158 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
7159 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
7160 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
7161 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
7162 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
7163 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
7164 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
7165
7166       </div>
7167       <div class="tags">
7168
7169
7170         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
7171
7172
7173       </div>
7174     </div>
7175     <div class="padding"></div>
7176
7177     <div class="entry">
7178       <div class="title">
7179         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
7180       </div>
7181       <div class="date">
7182          7th March 2012
7183       </div>
7184       <div class="body">
7185         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
7186
7187 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
7188 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
7189 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
7190 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
7191 download as a
7192 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
7193 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
7194
7195 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
7196   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
7197     <p>Download video as
7198       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
7199 </video></p>
7200
7201       </div>
7202       <div class="tags">
7203
7204
7205         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7206
7207
7208       </div>
7209     </div>
7210     <div class="padding"></div>
7211
7212     <div class="entry">
7213       <div class="title">
7214         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7215       </div>
7216       <div class="date">
7217          4th March 2012
7218       </div>
7219       <div class="body">
7220         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7221 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7222 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7223 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7224 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7225 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7226
7227       </div>
7228       <div class="tags">
7229
7230
7231         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7232
7233
7234       </div>
7235     </div>
7236     <div class="padding"></div>
7237
7238     <div class="entry">
7239       <div class="title">
7240         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7241       </div>
7242       <div class="date">
7243          3rd March 2012
7244       </div>
7245       <div class="body">
7246         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7247 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7248 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7249 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7250 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7251 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7252 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7253 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7254 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7255 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7256 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7257 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7258 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7259 year...</p>
7260
7261 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7262 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7263 name,
7264 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7265 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7266 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7267 mean). I've been following
7268 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7269 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7270 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7271 Check it out. :)</p>
7272
7273       </div>
7274       <div class="tags">
7275
7276
7277         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7278
7279
7280       </div>
7281     </div>
7282     <div class="padding"></div>
7283
7284     <div class="entry">
7285       <div class="title">
7286         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7287       </div>
7288       <div class="date">
7289         27th February 2012
7290       </div>
7291       <div class="body">
7292         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7293 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7294 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7295 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7296 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7297
7298 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7299
7300 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7301 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7302 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7303
7304 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7305
7306 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7307 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7308 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7309 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7310
7311 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7312 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7313
7314 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7315 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7316
7317 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7318
7319 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7320 løsninger.</p>
7321
7322 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7323 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7324
7325 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7326 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7327 under dette.</p>
7328
7329       </div>
7330       <div class="tags">
7331
7332
7333         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7334
7335
7336       </div>
7337     </div>
7338     <div class="padding"></div>
7339
7340     <div class="entry">
7341       <div class="title">
7342         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7343       </div>
7344       <div class="date">
7345         27th February 2012
7346       </div>
7347       <div class="body">
7348         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7349 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7350 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7351 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7352 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7353 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7354 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7355
7356       </div>
7357       <div class="tags">
7358
7359
7360         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7361
7362
7363       </div>
7364     </div>
7365     <div class="padding"></div>
7366
7367     <div class="entry">
7368       <div class="title">
7369         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7370       </div>
7371       <div class="date">
7372         21st February 2012
7373       </div>
7374       <div class="body">
7375         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7376 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7377 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7378 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7379 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7380
7381 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7382
7383 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7384 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7385 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7386 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7387 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7388 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7389 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7390 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7391
7392 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7393
7394 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7395 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7396 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7397 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7398 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7399 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7400 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7401 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7402 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7403
7404 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7405 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7406 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7407 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7408
7409 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7410 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7411 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7412 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7413 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7414 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7415 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7416 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7417 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7418 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7419
7420 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7421
7422 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7423 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7424 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7425 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7426
7427 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7428 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7429 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7430 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7431 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7432 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7433 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7434 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7435
7436 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7437 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7438 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7439 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7440 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7441 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7442 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7443 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7444 PC-er.</p>
7445
7446 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7447
7448 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7449 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7450 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7451 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7452 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7453 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7454 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7455 Foundation.</p>
7456
7457 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7458 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7459 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7460 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7461 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7462 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7463 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7464 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7465
7466 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7467 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7468 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7469 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7470 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7471 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7472 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7473 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7474
7475 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7476 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7477 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7478 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7479 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7480 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7481 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7482 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7483 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7484 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7485
7486 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7487
7488 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7489 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7490 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7491 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7492 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7493 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7494
7495 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7496 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7497
7498 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7499 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7500 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7501 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7502 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7503 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7504 støttetjenester.</p>
7505
7506 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7507 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7508 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7509 selges til kommuner.</p>
7510
7511       </div>
7512       <div class="tags">
7513
7514
7515         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7516
7517
7518       </div>
7519     </div>
7520     <div class="padding"></div>
7521
7522     <div class="entry">
7523       <div class="title">
7524         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7525       </div>
7526       <div class="date">
7527         19th February 2012
7528       </div>
7529       <div class="body">
7530         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7531 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7532 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7533 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7534 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7535 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7536 solution for your school.</p>
7537
7538       </div>
7539       <div class="tags">
7540
7541
7542         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7543
7544
7545       </div>
7546     </div>
7547     <div class="padding"></div>
7548
7549     <div class="entry">
7550       <div class="title">
7551         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7552       </div>
7553       <div class="date">
7554         18th February 2012
7555       </div>
7556       <div class="body">
7557         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7558 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7559 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7560 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7561 Skolen</a>.</p>
7562
7563 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7564
7565 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7566 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7567 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7568
7569 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7570
7571 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7572 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7573 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7574 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7575 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7576 familien.</p>
7577
7578 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7579
7580 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7581 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7582 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7583 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7584 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7585
7586 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7587
7588 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7589 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7590 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7591 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7592
7593 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7594
7595 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7596 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7597 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7598 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7599 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7600 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7601 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7602 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7603
7604 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7605 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7606
7607 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7608 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7609 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7610 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7611 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7612 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7613 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7614 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7615 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7616 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7617
7618       </div>
7619       <div class="tags">
7620
7621
7622         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7623
7624
7625       </div>
7626     </div>
7627     <div class="padding"></div>
7628
7629     <div class="entry">
7630       <div class="title">
7631         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7632       </div>
7633       <div class="date">
7634         13th February 2012
7635       </div>
7636       <div class="body">
7637         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7638 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7639 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7640 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7641 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7642 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7643 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7644 change the global proxy setting by editing
7645 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7646 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7647
7648 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7649 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7650 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7651
7652 <blockquote><pre>
7653 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7654 {
7655    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7656        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7657        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7658       return "DIRECT";
7659    else
7660       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7661 }
7662 </pre></blockquote>
7663
7664 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7665
7666 <blockquote><pre>
7667 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7668 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7669 </pre></blockquote>
7670
7671 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7672 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7673 would be used for
7674 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7675 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7676 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7677 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7678 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7679 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7680 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7681 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7682 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7683 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7684
7685 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7686 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7687 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7688 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7689 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7690 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7691
7692 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7693 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7694 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7695 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7696 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7697 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7698 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7699 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7700 the network setup changes.</p>
7701
7702 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7703 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7704 draft</a> and a
7705 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7706 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7707
7708       </div>
7709       <div class="tags">
7710
7711
7712         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7713
7714
7715       </div>
7716     </div>
7717     <div class="padding"></div>
7718
7719     <div class="entry">
7720       <div class="title">
7721         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7722       </div>
7723       <div class="date">
7724          7th February 2012
7725       </div>
7726       <div class="body">
7727         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7728 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7729 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7730
7731 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7732
7733 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7734 mere.</p>
7735
7736 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7737
7738 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7739 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7740 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7741 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7742
7743 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7744 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7745 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7746 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7747 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7748 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7749
7750 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7751
7752 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7753 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7754 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7755 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7756 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7757
7758 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7759
7760 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7761 versjoner.</p>
7762
7763 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7764 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7765 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7766 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7767 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7768 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7769 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7770
7771 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7772
7773 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7774 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7775 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7776
7777 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7778 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7779 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7780 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7781 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7782 også.</p>
7783
7784 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7785 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7786
7787 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7788 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7789 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7790 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7791 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7792 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
7793 bruker.</p>
7794
7795 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
7796 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
7797 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
7798 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
7799 vil ha det.</p>
7800
7801       </div>
7802       <div class="tags">
7803
7804
7805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7806
7807
7808       </div>
7809     </div>
7810     <div class="padding"></div>
7811
7812     <div class="entry">
7813       <div class="title">
7814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
7815       </div>
7816       <div class="date">
7817          5th February 2012
7818       </div>
7819       <div class="body">
7820         <p>Since the Lenny version of
7821 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
7822 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
7823 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
7824 in the morning.  This is done using the
7825 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
7826
7827 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
7828 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
7829 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
7830 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
7831 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
7832 the
7833 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
7834 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
7835 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
7836 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
7837 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
7838
7839 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
7840 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
7841 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
7842 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
7843 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
7844 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
7845 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
7846
7847 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
7848 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
7849 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
7850 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
7851 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
7852
7853       </div>
7854       <div class="tags">
7855
7856
7857         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7858
7859
7860       </div>
7861     </div>
7862     <div class="padding"></div>
7863
7864     <div class="entry">
7865       <div class="title">
7866         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7867       </div>
7868       <div class="date">
7869          4th February 2012
7870       </div>
7871       <div class="body">
7872         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
7873 publish the third beta version of
7874 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7875 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
7876 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
7877 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
7878 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7879 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
7880 on the project announcement list.</p>
7881
7882 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
7883 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
7884
7885 <ul>
7886
7887 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
7888   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
7889   the installation.</li>
7890
7891 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
7892   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
7893
7894 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
7895   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
7896   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
7897
7898 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
7899   for the local system administrator is created during installation
7900   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
7901   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
7902   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
7903   up to date on the system.</li>
7904
7905 </ul>
7906
7907 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
7908 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
7909 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
7910 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
7911
7912 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
7913 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
7914 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
7915 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
7916 will see you there?</p>
7917
7918       </div>
7919       <div class="tags">
7920
7921
7922         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7923
7924
7925       </div>
7926     </div>
7927     <div class="padding"></div>
7928
7929     <div class="entry">
7930       <div class="title">
7931         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7932       </div>
7933       <div class="date">
7934         27th January 2012
7935       </div>
7936       <div class="body">
7937         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
7938 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
7939 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7940 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
7941 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
7942 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
7943 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
7944
7945 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
7946 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
7947 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
7948 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
7949 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
7950 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
7951 not taken care of by this.</p>
7952
7953 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
7954 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
7955 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
7956 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
7957 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
7958 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
7959 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
7960 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
7961 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
7962 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
7963 firmware packages.</p>
7964
7965 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
7966 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
7967 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
7968 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
7969 initrd with extra firmware, the
7970 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
7971 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
7972 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
7973
7974 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
7975 network cards working.  For this,
7976 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
7977 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
7978 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
7979
7980 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
7981 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
7982 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
7983
7984 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
7985 try.</p>
7986
7987       </div>
7988       <div class="tags">
7989
7990
7991         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7992
7993
7994       </div>
7995     </div>
7996     <div class="padding"></div>
7997
7998     <div class="entry">
7999       <div class="title">
8000         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
8001       </div>
8002       <div class="date">
8003         26th January 2012
8004       </div>
8005       <div class="body">
8006         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
8007 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8008 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
8009
8010 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
8011 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
8012 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
8013 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
8014 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
8015 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
8016
8017 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
8018 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
8019 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
8020 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
8021
8022 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
8023 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
8024 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
8025 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
8026 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
8027 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
8028 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
8029 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8030 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8031 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
8032 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
8033 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
8034 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
8035 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
8036 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
8037 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8038 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
8039 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
8040 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
8041 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
8042 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
8043 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
8044
8045       </div>
8046       <div class="tags">
8047
8048
8049         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8050
8051
8052       </div>
8053     </div>
8054     <div class="padding"></div>
8055
8056     <div class="entry">
8057       <div class="title">
8058         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8059       </div>
8060       <div class="date">
8061         25th January 2012
8062       </div>
8063       <div class="body">
8064         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
8065 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
8066 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
8067 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
8068 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
8069
8070 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
8071 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
8072 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
8073 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
8074 this is done, log on to the central server and run
8075 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
8076 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
8077 will look similar to this:</p>
8078
8079 <p><blockquote><pre>
8080 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
8081 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
8082 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
8083
8084 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
8085
8086 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
8087 enter password: *******
8088 %
8089 </pre></blockquote></p>
8090
8091 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
8092 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
8093 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
8094 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
8095 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
8096 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
8097 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
8098 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
8099 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
8100 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
8101 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
8102 automatically.</p>
8103
8104 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
8105 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
8106
8107 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
8108 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
8109 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
8110
8111       </div>
8112       <div class="tags">
8113
8114
8115         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
8116
8117
8118       </div>
8119     </div>
8120     <div class="padding"></div>
8121
8122     <div class="entry">
8123       <div class="title">
8124         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
8125       </div>
8126       <div class="date">
8127         18th January 2012
8128       </div>
8129       <div class="body">
8130         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
8131 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
8132 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
8133 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
8134 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
8135 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
8136
8137 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8138
8139 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
8140 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
8141 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
8142 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
8143 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
8144 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
8145 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
8146 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
8147 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
8148 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
8149
8150 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8151
8152 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
8153 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
8154 dette ble levert.</p>
8155
8156 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8157
8158 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
8159 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
8160 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
8161 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
8162 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
8163
8164 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
8165 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
8166 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
8167 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
8168 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
8169 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
8170 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
8171
8172 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
8173 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
8174 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
8175 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
8176 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
8177 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
8178 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
8179
8180 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
8181 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
8182 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
8183 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
8184 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
8185 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
8186 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
8187 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
8188 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
8189 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
8190 nå.</p>
8191
8192 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
8193 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
8194 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
8195 oss.</p>
8196
8197 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
8198 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
8199 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
8200 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
8201
8202 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8203
8204 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8205 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8206 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8207 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8208 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8209 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8210
8211 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8212 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8213 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8214 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8215 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8216 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8217 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8218 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8219
8220 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8221 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8222
8223 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8224
8225 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8226 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8227 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8228 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8229 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8230
8231 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8232 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8233
8234 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8235 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8236 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8237 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8238 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8239 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8240 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8241 hjemme.</p>
8242
8243       </div>
8244       <div class="tags">
8245
8246
8247         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8248
8249
8250       </div>
8251     </div>
8252     <div class="padding"></div>
8253
8254     <div class="entry">
8255       <div class="title">
8256         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8257       </div>
8258       <div class="date">
8259         10th January 2012
8260       </div>
8261       <div class="body">
8262         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8263 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8264 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8265 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8266 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8267 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8268 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8269 first time.</p>
8270
8271 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8272 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8273 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8274 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8275
8276 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8277 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8278 new setting.</p>
8279
8280 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8281 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8282 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8283
8284       </div>
8285       <div class="tags">
8286
8287
8288         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8289
8290
8291       </div>
8292     </div>
8293     <div class="padding"></div>
8294
8295     <div class="entry">
8296       <div class="title">
8297         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8298       </div>
8299       <div class="date">
8300          7th January 2012
8301       </div>
8302       <div class="body">
8303         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8304 the second beta version of
8305 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8306 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8307 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8308 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8309 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8310 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8311 on the project announcement list.</p>
8312
8313       </div>
8314       <div class="tags">
8315
8316
8317         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8318
8319
8320       </div>
8321     </div>
8322     <div class="padding"></div>
8323
8324     <div class="entry">
8325       <div class="title">
8326         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8327       </div>
8328       <div class="date">
8329          3rd January 2012
8330       </div>
8331       <div class="body">
8332         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8333 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8334 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8335 interesting.</p>
8336
8337 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8338 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8339 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8340 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8341 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8342 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8343 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8344
8345 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8346 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8347 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8348 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8349 because I was typing.</P>
8350
8351 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8352 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8353 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8354 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8355 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8356 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8357 generate entropy.</p>
8358
8359 <p>The fix is in
8360 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8361 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8362 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8363 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8364
8365       </div>
8366       <div class="tags">
8367
8368
8369         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8370
8371
8372       </div>
8373     </div>
8374     <div class="padding"></div>
8375
8376     <div class="entry">
8377       <div class="title">
8378         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8379       </div>
8380       <div class="date">
8381         11th December 2011
8382       </div>
8383       <div class="body">
8384         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8385 intervjuer av
8386 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8387
8388 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8389 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8390 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8391
8392 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8393
8394 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8395 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8396 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8397 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8398 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8399
8400 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8401
8402 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8403 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8404 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8405 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8406 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8407
8408 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8409
8410 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8411 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8412 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8413 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8414 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8415 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8416 og foreldre.</p>
8417
8418 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8419
8420 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8421 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8422 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8423 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8424
8425 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8426
8427 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8428 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8429 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8430 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8431 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8432 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8433 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8434 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8435 på
8436 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8437
8438 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8439 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8440 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8441 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8442
8443 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8444 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8445
8446 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8447 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8448
8449 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8450 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8451 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8452 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8453 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8454 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8455 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8456 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8457 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8458 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8459 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8460 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8461 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8462 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8463
8464       </div>
8465       <div class="tags">
8466
8467
8468         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8469
8470
8471       </div>
8472     </div>
8473     <div class="padding"></div>
8474
8475     <div class="entry">
8476       <div class="title">
8477         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8478       </div>
8479       <div class="date">
8480         27th July 2011
8481       </div>
8482       <div class="body">
8483         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8484 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8485 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8486 fra starten av
8487 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8488
8489 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8490
8491 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8492 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8493 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8494 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8495 helhet.</p>
8496
8497 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8498
8499 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8500 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8501 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8502
8503 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8504
8505 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8506 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8507 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8508 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8509 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8510 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8511
8512 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8513
8514 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8515 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8516 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8517 utfordringer.</p>
8518
8519 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8520 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8521 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8522 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8523 løsningen.</p>
8524
8525 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8526 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8527 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8528 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8529 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8530 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8531 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8532
8533 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8534 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8535 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8536 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8537 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8538 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8539 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8540
8541 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8542 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8543 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8544 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8545 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8546 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8547 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8548 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8549 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8550 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8551 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8552 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8553 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8554 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8555 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8556 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8557
8558 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8559
8560 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8561 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8562 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8563 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8564 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8565 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8566 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8567 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8568
8569 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8570 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8571
8572 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8573
8574 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8575 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8576 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8577 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8578 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8579 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8580
8581 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8582 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8583 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8584
8585 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8586 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8587 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8588 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8589 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8590 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8591 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8592 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8593 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8594 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8595 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8596 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8597 sidelinjen.</p>
8598
8599       </div>
8600       <div class="tags">
8601
8602
8603         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8604
8605
8606       </div>
8607     </div>
8608     <div class="padding"></div>
8609
8610     <div class="entry">
8611       <div class="title">
8612         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8613       </div>
8614       <div class="date">
8615         10th April 2011
8616       </div>
8617       <div class="body">
8618         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8619 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8620 bidragsyter i
8621 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8622
8623 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8624
8625 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8626 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8627 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8628 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8629
8630 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8631
8632 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8633 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8634 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8635 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8636 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8637 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8638 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8639 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8640
8641 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8642
8643 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8644 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8645 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8646 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8647
8648 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8649
8650 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8651 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8652 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8653 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8654 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8655
8656 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8657
8658 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8659 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8660 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8661 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8662 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8663 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8664 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8665
8666 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8667 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8668
8669 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8670 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8671 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8672 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8673 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8674 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8675 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8676 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8677 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8678 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8679 av.</p>
8680
8681       </div>
8682       <div class="tags">
8683
8684
8685         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8686
8687
8688       </div>
8689     </div>
8690     <div class="padding"></div>
8691
8692     <div class="entry">
8693       <div class="title">
8694         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8695       </div>
8696       <div class="date">
8697         28th March 2011
8698       </div>
8699       <div class="body">
8700         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8701 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8702 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8703 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8704 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8705 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8706 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8707
8708 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8709
8710 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8711 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8712 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8713
8714 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8715
8716 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8717 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8718 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8719 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8720 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8721 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8722 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8723 klientsiden.</p>
8724
8725 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8726 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8727 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8728 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8729 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8730 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8731
8732 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8733 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8734
8735 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8736 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8737 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8738 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8739 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8740 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8741 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8742 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8743 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8744
8745 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8746 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8747 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8748 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8749 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8750 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8751 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8752 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8753
8754 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8755
8756 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8757 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8758 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8759 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8760 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8761 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8762 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8763 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8764 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8765
8766 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8767 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8768 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8769 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8770 det!</p>
8771
8772 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8773 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8774 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8775 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8776 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8777 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8778 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8779
8780 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8781 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8782 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8783 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8784 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8785 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8786
8787 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8788
8789 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8790 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8791 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8792 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
8793 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
8794
8795 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
8796 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
8797 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
8798
8799 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8800
8801 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
8802 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
8803 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
8804 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
8805 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
8806
8807 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
8808 osv.</p>
8809
8810 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
8811 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
8812 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
8813
8814 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8815 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8816
8817 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
8818 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
8819 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
8820 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
8821 skvettbillig.</p>
8822
8823 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
8824 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
8825 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
8826 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
8827 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
8828
8829 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
8830 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
8831 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
8832 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
8833 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
8834
8835 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
8836 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
8837 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
8838
8839       </div>
8840       <div class="tags">
8841
8842
8843         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8844
8845
8846       </div>
8847     </div>
8848     <div class="padding"></div>
8849
8850     <div class="entry">
8851       <div class="title">
8852         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
8853       </div>
8854       <div class="date">
8855         27th February 2011
8856       </div>
8857       <div class="body">
8858         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
8859 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8860 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
8861 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
8862
8863 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8864
8865 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
8866 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
8867 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
8868 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
8869
8870 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
8871 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
8872 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
8873 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
8874
8875 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
8876 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
8877
8878 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8879
8880 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
8881 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
8882 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
8883 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
8884 etc.</p>
8885
8886 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8887
8888 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
8889 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
8890 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
8891 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
8892 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
8893 Skolelinux.</p>
8894
8895 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8896
8897 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
8898 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
8899 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
8900 Linux.</p>
8901
8902 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
8903 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
8904 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
8905 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
8906
8907 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8908
8909 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
8910 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
8911 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
8912 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
8913
8914 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
8915 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
8916
8917 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8918 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8919
8920 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
8921 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
8922 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
8923
8924       </div>
8925       <div class="tags">
8926
8927
8928         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8929
8930
8931       </div>
8932     </div>
8933     <div class="padding"></div>
8934
8935     <div class="entry">
8936       <div class="title">
8937         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
8938       </div>
8939       <div class="date">
8940         16th February 2011
8941       </div>
8942       <div class="body">
8943         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8944 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
8945 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
8946 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
8947
8948 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8949
8950 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
8951 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
8952 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
8953 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
8954 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
8955 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
8956 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
8957 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
8958 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
8959 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
8960
8961 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8962
8963 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
8964 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
8965 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
8966 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
8967
8968 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8969
8970 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
8971 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
8972 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
8973 på.</p>
8974
8975 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
8976 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
8977 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
8978 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
8979 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
8980 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
8981 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
8982 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
8983 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
8984 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
8985
8986 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
8987 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
8988 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
8989 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
8990 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
8991 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
8992 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
8993 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
8994
8995 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8996
8997 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
8998
8999 <ul>
9000 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
9001 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
9002   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
9003   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
9004 </ul>
9005
9006 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
9007 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
9008 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
9009 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
9010 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
9011 måte.</p>
9012
9013 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9014
9015 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
9016 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
9017 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
9018 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
9019
9020 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9021 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9022
9023 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
9024 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
9025 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
9026 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
9027
9028       </div>
9029       <div class="tags">
9030
9031
9032         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9033
9034
9035       </div>
9036     </div>
9037     <div class="padding"></div>
9038
9039     <div class="entry">
9040       <div class="title">
9041         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
9042       </div>
9043       <div class="date">
9044         23rd January 2011
9045       </div>
9046       <div class="body">
9047         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
9048 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9049 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
9050 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
9051
9052 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9053
9054 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
9055 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
9056 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
9057 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
9058 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
9059 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
9060 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
9061 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
9062
9063 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9064
9065 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
9066 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
9067
9068 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
9069 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
9070 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
9071 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
9072
9073 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9074
9075 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
9076 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
9077 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
9078
9079 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9080
9081 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
9082 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
9083 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
9084 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
9085 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
9086 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
9087 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
9088 og det er synd.</p>
9089
9090 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9091
9092 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
9093 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
9094 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
9095 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
9096 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
9097 av maskinvaren.</p>
9098
9099 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9100 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9101
9102 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
9103 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
9104 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
9105 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
9106 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
9107
9108       </div>
9109       <div class="tags">
9110
9111
9112         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9113
9114
9115       </div>
9116     </div>
9117     <div class="padding"></div>
9118
9119     <div class="entry">
9120       <div class="title">
9121         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
9122       </div>
9123       <div class="date">
9124         19th January 2011
9125       </div>
9126       <div class="body">
9127         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
9128 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
9129 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
9130 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
9131 Florø.</p>
9132
9133 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9134
9135 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
9136 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
9137 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
9138 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
9139 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
9140 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
9141
9142 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9143
9144 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
9145 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
9146 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
9147 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
9148
9149 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
9150 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
9151 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
9152 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
9153 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
9154 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
9155 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
9156 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
9157 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
9158 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
9159 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
9160 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
9161 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
9162 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
9163 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
9164
9165 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
9166 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
9167 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
9168
9169 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9170
9171 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
9172
9173 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
9174 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
9175 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
9176 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
9177 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
9178 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
9179
9180 <ul>
9181
9182 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
9183 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
9184 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
9185 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
9186
9187 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
9188 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
9189 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
9190 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
9191 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
9192 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
9193
9194 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
9195 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
9196 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
9197 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
9198
9199 </ul>
9200
9201 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
9202 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
9203 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
9204 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9205 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9206
9207 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9208
9209 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9210 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9211 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9212 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9213 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9214
9215 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9216
9217 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9218 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9219 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9220 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9221 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9222
9223 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9224 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9225
9226 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9227 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9228 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9229 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9230 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9231 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9232 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9233
9234 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9235 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9236 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9237 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9238 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9239 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9240 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9241 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9242 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9243 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9244 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9245 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9246 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9247 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9248 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9249 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9250 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9251
9252       </div>
9253       <div class="tags">
9254
9255
9256         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9257
9258
9259       </div>
9260     </div>
9261     <div class="padding"></div>
9262
9263     <div class="entry">
9264       <div class="title">
9265         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9266       </div>
9267       <div class="date">
9268         16th January 2011
9269       </div>
9270       <div class="body">
9271         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9272 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9273 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9274 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9275
9276 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9277
9278 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9279 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9280 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9281 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9282 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9283 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9284 på skolen.</p>
9285
9286 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9287
9288 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9289 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9290 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9291 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9292 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9293 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9294
9295 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9296
9297 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9298 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9299 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9300 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9301 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9302 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9303 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9304 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9305 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9306 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9307 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9308 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9309
9310 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9311
9312 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9313 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9314 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9315 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9316 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9317 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9318 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9319 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9320 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9321 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9322 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9323 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9324
9325 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9326
9327 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9328 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9329 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9330 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9331 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9332 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9333 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9334 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9335 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9336 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9337 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9338 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9339
9340 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9341 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9342
9343 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9344 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9345 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9346 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9347 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9348 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9349 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9350 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9351 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9352 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9353 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9354 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9355 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9356 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9357 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9358 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9359
9360 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9361 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9362
9363       </div>
9364       <div class="tags">
9365
9366
9367         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9368
9369
9370       </div>
9371     </div>
9372     <div class="padding"></div>
9373
9374     <div class="entry">
9375       <div class="title">
9376         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9377       </div>
9378       <div class="date">
9379         12th January 2011
9380       </div>
9381       <div class="body">
9382         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9383 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9384 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9385 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9386 Han er styremedlem i
9387 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9388 FRISK</a>.</p>
9389
9390 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9391
9392 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9393 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9394 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9395 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9396 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9397 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9398
9399 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9400
9401 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9402 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9403
9404 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9405 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9406 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9407 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9408
9409 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9410 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9411 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9412 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9413 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9414 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9415 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9416 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9417 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9418 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9419 Kubuntu.</p>
9420
9421 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9422
9423 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9424 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9425
9426 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9427
9428 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9429 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9430 plasser.</p>
9431
9432 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9433 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9434
9435 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9436 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9437 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9438 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9439
9440 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9441
9442 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9443 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9444 servere.</p>
9445
9446       </div>
9447       <div class="tags">
9448
9449
9450         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9451
9452
9453       </div>
9454     </div>
9455     <div class="padding"></div>
9456
9457     <div class="entry">
9458       <div class="title">
9459         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9460       </div>
9461       <div class="date">
9462          9th January 2011
9463       </div>
9464       <div class="body">
9465         <p>Inspirert av
9466 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9467 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9468 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9469 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9470 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9471 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9472 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9473 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9474
9475 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9476 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9477 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9478 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9479 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9480 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9481
9482 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9483
9484 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9485 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9486 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9487
9488 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9489 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9490 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9491 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9492 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9493 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9494 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9495 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9496 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9497
9498 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9499
9500 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9501 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9502 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9503 2003.</p>
9504
9505 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9506 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9507 det selv.</p>
9508
9509 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9510 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9511 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9512 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9513 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9514 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9515 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9516
9517 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9518
9519 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9520 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9521 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9522 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9523 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9524
9525 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9526
9527 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9528 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9529
9530 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9531
9532 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9533 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9534 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9535 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9536
9537 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9538 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9539
9540 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9541
9542 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9543 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9544 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9545 å bli hektet :)</p>
9546
9547       </div>
9548       <div class="tags">
9549
9550
9551         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9552
9553
9554       </div>
9555     </div>
9556     <div class="padding"></div>
9557
9558     <div class="entry">
9559       <div class="title">
9560         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9561       </div>
9562       <div class="date">
9563          4th January 2011
9564       </div>
9565       <div class="body">
9566         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9567 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9568 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9569 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9570 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9571 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9572
9573 <blockquote>
9574 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9575 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9576
9577 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9578 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9579 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9580 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9581
9582 <ul>
9583
9584 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9585 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9586 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9587 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9588 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9589 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9590 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9591 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9592 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9593 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9594 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9595 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9596 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9597 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9598
9599 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9600 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9601 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9602 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9603
9604 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9605 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9606 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9607
9608 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9609 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9610 om.</li>
9611
9612 </ul>
9613
9614 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9615 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9616 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9617 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9618 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9619 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9620 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9621
9622 <ul>
9623
9624 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9625 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9626 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9627
9628 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9629 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9630 dette.</li>
9631
9632 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9633 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9634 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9635 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9636
9637 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9638 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9639 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9640 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9641
9642 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9643
9644 </ul>
9645
9646 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9647 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9648 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9649 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9650 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9651 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9652
9653 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9654 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9655 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9656 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9657 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9658 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9659 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9660 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9661 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9662 tilsidesette. </p>
9663
9664 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9665 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9666 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9667
9668 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9669 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9670 her. </p>
9671
9672 <ul>
9673
9674 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9675 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9676 mulig.</li>
9677
9678 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9679 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9680 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9681 skolene.</li>
9682
9683 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9684 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9685 perioder.</li>
9686
9687 </ul>
9688
9689 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9690 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9691 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9692 rutine her nå. </p>
9693
9694 <ul>
9695
9696 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9697 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9698 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9699 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9700 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9701 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9702 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9703 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9704
9705 </ul>
9706
9707 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9708
9709 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9710 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9711 </blockquote>
9712
9713 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9714
9715 <blockquote>
9716 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9717 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9718
9719 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9720 historien videre?</p>
9721
9722 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9723 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9724 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9725 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9726 </blockquote>
9727
9728 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9729
9730 <blockquote>
9731 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9732 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9733
9734 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9735 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9736 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9737 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9738 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9739 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9740 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9741 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9742
9743 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9744 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9745 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9746
9747 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9748 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9749 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9750 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9751 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9752 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9753 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9754 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9755 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9756 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9757
9758 <ul>
9759
9760 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9761 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9762 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9763 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9764 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9765 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9766 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9767 bare en bonus. </li>
9768
9769 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9770 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9771 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9772 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9773 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9774 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9775 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9776 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9777 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9778 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9779 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9780 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9781 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9782 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9783 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9784 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9785 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9786 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9787 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9788 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9789 beste læremester. </li>
9790
9791 </ul>
9792
9793 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
9794 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
9795 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
9796 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
9797 ettertid.</p>
9798
9799 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
9800 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
9801 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
9802 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
9803 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
9804 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
9805 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
9806 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
9807 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
9808 jeg da lære?"</p>
9809
9810 </blockquote>
9811
9812 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
9813 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
9814 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
9815
9816       </div>
9817       <div class="tags">
9818
9819
9820         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9821
9822
9823       </div>
9824     </div>
9825     <div class="padding"></div>
9826
9827     <div class="entry">
9828       <div class="title">
9829         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
9830       </div>
9831       <div class="date">
9832         22nd December 2010
9833       </div>
9834       <div class="body">
9835         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
9836 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
9837 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
9838 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
9839 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
9840 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
9841 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
9842 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
9843 university.</p>
9844
9845 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
9846 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
9847 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
9848 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
9849 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
9850 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
9851 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
9852 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
9853
9854 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
9855 I perform on a new model.</p>
9856
9857 <ul>
9858
9859 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
9860 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
9861 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
9862
9863 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
9864 installation, X.org is working.</li>
9865
9866 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
9867 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
9868 reported by the program.</li>
9869
9870 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
9871 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
9872 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
9873 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
9874 normally test this by playing
9875 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
9876 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
9877
9878 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
9879 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9880
9881 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
9882 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9883
9884 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
9885 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
9886
9887 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
9888 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
9889 few.</li>
9890
9891 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
9892 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
9893 notice this.</li>
9894
9895 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
9896 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
9897 resume.</li>
9898
9899 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
9900 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
9901 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
9902 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
9903 not.</li>
9904
9905 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
9906 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
9907 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
9908 existence.</li>
9909
9910 </ul>
9911
9912 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
9913 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
9914 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
9915 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
9916 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
9917 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
9918 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
9919 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
9920
9921       </div>
9922       <div class="tags">
9923
9924
9925         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9926
9927
9928       </div>
9929     </div>
9930     <div class="padding"></div>
9931
9932     <div class="entry">
9933       <div class="title">
9934         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
9935       </div>
9936       <div class="date">
9937         29th November 2010
9938       </div>
9939       <div class="body">
9940         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
9941 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
9942 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
9943 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
9944 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
9945 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
9946
9947 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
9948 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
9949 will hold its
9950 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
9951 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
9952 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
9953 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
9954 vote this year.</p>
9955
9956       </div>
9957       <div class="tags">
9958
9959
9960         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9961
9962
9963       </div>
9964     </div>
9965     <div class="padding"></div>
9966
9967     <div class="entry">
9968       <div class="title">
9969         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
9970       </div>
9971       <div class="date">
9972         27th November 2010
9973       </div>
9974       <div class="body">
9975         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
9976 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
9977 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
9978 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
9979 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
9980 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
9981 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
9982 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
9983
9984 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
9985 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9986 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
9987 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
9988 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
9989 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
9990 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
9991 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
9992 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
9993 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
9994 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
9995
9996 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
9997 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
9998 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
9999 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
10000 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
10001 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
10002 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
10003 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
10004 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
10005 what is going on.</p>
10006
10007       </div>
10008       <div class="tags">
10009
10010
10011         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10012
10013
10014       </div>
10015     </div>
10016     <div class="padding"></div>
10017
10018     <div class="entry">
10019       <div class="title">
10020         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
10021       </div>
10022       <div class="date">
10023         22nd November 2010
10024       </div>
10025       <div class="body">
10026         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
10027 upgrade testing of the
10028 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10029 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
10030 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
10031 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
10032
10033 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10034
10035 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10036
10037 <blockquote><p>
10038   apache2.2-bin
10039   aptdaemon
10040   baobab
10041   binfmt-support
10042   browser-plugin-gnash
10043   cheese-common
10044   cli-common
10045   cups-pk-helper
10046   dmz-cursor-theme
10047   empathy
10048   empathy-common
10049   freedesktop-sound-theme
10050   freeglut3
10051   gconf-defaults-service
10052   gdm-themes
10053   gedit-plugins
10054   geoclue
10055   geoclue-hostip
10056   geoclue-localnet
10057   geoclue-manual
10058   geoclue-yahoo
10059   gnash
10060   gnash-common
10061   gnome
10062   gnome-backgrounds
10063   gnome-cards-data
10064   gnome-codec-install
10065   gnome-core
10066   gnome-desktop-environment
10067   gnome-disk-utility
10068   gnome-screenshot
10069   gnome-search-tool
10070   gnome-session-canberra
10071   gnome-system-log
10072   gnome-themes-extras
10073   gnome-themes-more
10074   gnome-user-share
10075   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10076   gstreamer0.10-tools
10077   gtk2-engines
10078   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10079   gtk2-engines-smooth
10080   hamster-applet
10081   libapache2-mod-dnssd
10082   libapr1
10083   libaprutil1
10084   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
10085   libaprutil1-ldap
10086   libart2.0-cil
10087   libboost-date-time1.42.0
10088   libboost-python1.42.0
10089   libboost-thread1.42.0
10090   libchamplain-0.4-0
10091   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
10092   libcheese-gtk18
10093   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10094   libcryptui0
10095   libdiscid0
10096   libelf1
10097   libepc-1.0-2
10098   libepc-common
10099   libepc-ui-1.0-2
10100   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10101   libfreerdp0
10102   libgconf2.0-cil
10103   libgdata-common
10104   libgdata7
10105   libgdu-gtk0
10106   libgee2
10107   libgeoclue0
10108   libgexiv2-0
10109   libgif4
10110   libglade2.0-cil
10111   libglib2.0-cil
10112   libgmime2.4-cil
10113   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10114   libgnome2.24-cil
10115   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
10116   libgpod-common
10117   libgpod4
10118   libgtk2.0-cil
10119   libgtkglext1
10120   libgtksourceview2.0-common
10121   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10122   libmono-addins0.2-cil
10123   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
10124   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10125   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
10126   libmono-posix2.0-cil
10127   libmono-security2.0-cil
10128   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10129   libmono-system2.0-cil
10130   libmtp8
10131   libmusicbrainz3-6
10132   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
10133   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
10134   libopal3.6.8
10135   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
10136   libpt2.6.7
10137   libpython2.6
10138   librpm1
10139   librpmio1
10140   libsdl1.2debian
10141   libsrtp0
10142   libssh-4
10143   libtelepathy-farsight0
10144   libtelepathy-glib0
10145   libtidy-0.99-0
10146   media-player-info
10147   mesa-utils
10148   mono-2.0-gac
10149   mono-gac
10150   mono-runtime
10151   nautilus-sendto
10152   nautilus-sendto-empathy
10153   p7zip-full
10154   pkg-config
10155   python-aptdaemon
10156   python-aptdaemon-gtk
10157   python-axiom
10158   python-beautifulsoup
10159   python-bugbuddy
10160   python-clientform
10161   python-coherence
10162   python-configobj
10163   python-crypto
10164   python-cupshelpers
10165   python-elementtree
10166   python-epsilon
10167   python-evolution
10168   python-feedparser
10169   python-gdata
10170   python-gdbm
10171   python-gst0.10
10172   python-gtkglext1
10173   python-gtksourceview2
10174   python-httplib2
10175   python-louie
10176   python-mako
10177   python-markupsafe
10178   python-mechanize
10179   python-nevow
10180   python-notify
10181   python-opengl
10182   python-openssl
10183   python-pam
10184   python-pkg-resources
10185   python-pyasn1
10186   python-pysqlite2
10187   python-rdflib
10188   python-serial
10189   python-tagpy
10190   python-twisted-bin
10191   python-twisted-conch
10192   python-twisted-core
10193   python-twisted-web
10194   python-utidylib
10195   python-webkit
10196   python-xdg
10197   python-zope.interface
10198   remmina
10199   remmina-plugin-data
10200   remmina-plugin-rdp
10201   remmina-plugin-vnc
10202   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10203   rhythmbox-plugins
10204   rpm-common
10205   rpm2cpio
10206   seahorse-plugins
10207   shotwell
10208   software-center
10209   system-config-printer-udev
10210   telepathy-gabble
10211   telepathy-mission-control-5
10212   telepathy-salut
10213   tomboy
10214   totem
10215   totem-coherence
10216   totem-mozilla
10217   totem-plugins
10218   transmission-common
10219   xdg-user-dirs
10220   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10221   xserver-xephyr
10222 </p></blockquote>
10223
10224 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10225
10226 <blockquote><p>
10227   cheese
10228   ekiga
10229   eog
10230   epiphany-extensions
10231   evolution-exchange
10232   fast-user-switch-applet
10233   file-roller
10234   gcalctool
10235   gconf-editor
10236   gdm
10237   gedit
10238   gedit-common
10239   gnome-games
10240   gnome-games-data
10241   gnome-nettool
10242   gnome-system-tools
10243   gnome-themes
10244   gnuchess
10245   gucharmap
10246   guile-1.8-libs
10247   libavahi-ui0
10248   libdmx1
10249   libgalago3
10250   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10251   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10252   liblircclient0
10253   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10254   libspeexdsp1
10255   libsvga1
10256   rhythmbox
10257   seahorse
10258   sound-juicer
10259   system-config-printer
10260   totem-common
10261   transmission-gtk
10262   vinagre
10263   vino
10264 </p></blockquote>
10265
10266 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10267
10268 <blockquote><p>
10269   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10270 </p></blockquote>
10271
10272 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10273
10274 <blockquote><p>
10275 [nothing]
10276 </p></blockquote>
10277
10278 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10279
10280 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10281
10282 <blockquote><p>
10283   ksmserver
10284 </p></blockquote>
10285
10286 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10287
10288 <blockquote><p>
10289   kwin
10290   network-manager-kde
10291 </p></blockquote>
10292
10293 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10294
10295 <blockquote><p>
10296   arts
10297   dolphin
10298   freespacenotifier
10299   google-gadgets-gst
10300   google-gadgets-xul
10301   kappfinder
10302   kcalc
10303   kcharselect
10304   kde-core
10305   kde-plasma-desktop
10306   kde-standard
10307   kde-window-manager
10308   kdeartwork
10309   kdeartwork-emoticons
10310   kdeartwork-style
10311   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10312   kdebase
10313   kdebase-apps
10314   kdebase-workspace
10315   kdebase-workspace-bin
10316   kdebase-workspace-data
10317   kdeeject
10318   kdelibs
10319   kdeplasma-addons
10320   kdeutils
10321   kdewallpapers
10322   kdf
10323   kfloppy
10324   kgpg
10325   khelpcenter4
10326   kinfocenter
10327   konq-plugins-l10n
10328   konqueror-nsplugins
10329   kscreensaver
10330   kscreensaver-xsavers
10331   ktimer
10332   kwrite
10333   libgle3
10334   libkde4-ruby1.8
10335   libkonq5
10336   libkonq5-templates
10337   libnetpbm10
10338   libplasma-ruby
10339   libplasma-ruby1.8
10340   libqt4-ruby1.8
10341   marble-data
10342   marble-plugins
10343   netpbm
10344   nuvola-icon-theme
10345   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10346   plasma-desktop
10347   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10348   plasma-runners-addons
10349   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10350   plasma-scriptengine-python
10351   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10352   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10353   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10354   plasma-scriptengines
10355   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10356   plasma-widget-folderview
10357   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10358   ruby
10359   sweeper
10360   update-notifier-kde
10361   xscreensaver-data-extra
10362   xscreensaver-gl
10363   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10364   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10365 </p></blockquote>
10366
10367 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10368
10369 <blockquote><p>
10370   ark
10371   google-gadgets-common
10372   google-gadgets-qt
10373   htdig
10374   kate
10375   kdebase-bin
10376   kdebase-data
10377   kdepasswd
10378   kfind
10379   klipper
10380   konq-plugins
10381   konqueror
10382   ksysguard
10383   ksysguardd
10384   libarchive1
10385   libcln6
10386   libeet1
10387   libeina-svn-06
10388   libggadget-1.0-0b
10389   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10390   libgps19
10391   libkdecorations4
10392   libkephal4
10393   libkonq4
10394   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10395   libkscreensaver5
10396   libksgrd4
10397   libksignalplotter4
10398   libkunitconversion4
10399   libkwineffects1a
10400   libmarblewidget4
10401   libntrack-qt4-1
10402   libntrack0
10403   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10404   libplasmaclock4a
10405   libplasmagenericshell4
10406   libprocesscore4a
10407   libprocessui4a
10408   libqalculate5
10409   libqedje0a
10410   libqtruby4shared2
10411   libqzion0a
10412   libruby1.8
10413   libscim8c2a
10414   libsmokekdecore4-3
10415   libsmokekdeui4-3
10416   libsmokekfile3
10417   libsmokekhtml3
10418   libsmokekio3
10419   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10420   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10421   libsmokekparts3
10422   libsmokektexteditor3
10423   libsmokekutils3
10424   libsmokenepomuk3
10425   libsmokephonon3
10426   libsmokeplasma3
10427   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10428   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10429   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10430   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10431   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10432   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10433   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10434   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10435   libsmokeqttest4-3
10436   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10437   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10438   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10439   libsmokesolid3
10440   libsmokesoprano3
10441   libtaskmanager4a
10442   libtidy-0.99-0
10443   libweather-ion4a
10444   libxklavier16
10445   libxxf86misc1
10446   okteta
10447   oxygencursors
10448   plasma-dataengines-addons
10449   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10450   plasma-widget-lancelot
10451   plasma-widgets-addons
10452   plasma-widgets-workspace
10453   polkit-kde-1
10454   ruby1.8
10455   systemsettings
10456   update-notifier-common
10457 </p></blockquote>
10458
10459 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10460 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10461 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10462 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10463
10464       </div>
10465       <div class="tags">
10466
10467
10468         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10469
10470
10471       </div>
10472     </div>
10473     <div class="padding"></div>
10474
10475     <div class="entry">
10476       <div class="title">
10477         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10478       </div>
10479       <div class="date">
10480         22nd November 2010
10481       </div>
10482       <div class="body">
10483         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10484 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10485 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10486 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10487 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10488 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10489 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10490 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10491 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10492
10493 <p>I found
10494 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10495 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10496 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10497 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10498 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10499 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10500
10501 <pre>
10502 #!/bin/sh
10503
10504 # Based on
10505 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10506
10507 set -e
10508 set -x
10509
10510 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10511     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10512     exit 1
10513 else
10514     host="$1"
10515 fi
10516
10517 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10518     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10519     exit 1
10520 fi
10521
10522 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10523 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10524 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10525 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10526
10527 img=$host.img
10528 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10529 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10530
10531 parted $img mklabel msdos
10532 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10533 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10534 parted $img set 1 boot on
10535
10536 modprobe dm-mod
10537 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10538 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10539
10540 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10541 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10542 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10543
10544 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10545 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10546 </pre>
10547
10548 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10549 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10550
10551 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10552 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10553 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10554 seem to work just fine.</p>
10555
10556       </div>
10557       <div class="tags">
10558
10559
10560         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10561
10562
10563       </div>
10564     </div>
10565     <div class="padding"></div>
10566
10567     <div class="entry">
10568       <div class="title">
10569         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10570       </div>
10571       <div class="date">
10572         20th November 2010
10573       </div>
10574       <div class="body">
10575         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10576 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10577 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10578 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10579
10580 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10581 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10582 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10583
10584 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10585
10586 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10587
10588 <blockquote><p>
10589   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10590   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10591   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10592   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10593   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10594   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10595   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10596   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10597   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10598   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10599   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10600   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10601   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10602   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10603   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10604   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10605   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10606   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10607   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10608   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10609   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10610   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10611   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10612   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10613   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10614   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10615   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10616   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10617   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10618   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10619   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10620   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10621   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10622   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10623   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10624   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10625   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10626   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10627   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10628   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10629   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10630   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10631   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10632   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10633   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10634   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10635   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10636   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10637   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10638   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10639   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10640   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10641   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10642   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10643   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10644   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10645   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10646   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10647   zip
10648 </p></blockquote>
10649
10650 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10651
10652 <blockquote><p>
10653   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10654   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10655   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10656   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10657   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10658   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10659   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10660   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10661   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10662   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10663   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10664   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10665   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10666   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10667   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10668   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10669   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10670   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10671   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10672   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10673   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10674   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10675   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10676   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10677   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10678   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10679   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10680   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10681   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10682 </p></blockquote>
10683
10684 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10685
10686 <blockquote><p>
10687   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10688 </p></blockquote>
10689
10690 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10691
10692 <blockquote><p>
10693 [nothing]
10694 </p></blockquote>
10695
10696 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10697
10698 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10699
10700 <blockquote><p>
10701   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10702   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10703   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10704   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10705   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10706   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10707   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10708   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10709   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10710   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10711   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10712   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10713   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10714   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10715   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10716   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10717   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10718   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10719   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10720   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10721   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10722   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10723   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10724   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10725   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10726   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10727   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10728   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10729   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10730   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10731 </p></blockquote>
10732
10733 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10734
10735 <blockquote><p>
10736   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10737   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10738   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10739   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10740   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10741   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10742   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10743   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10744   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10745   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10746   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10747   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10748   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10749   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10750   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10751   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10752   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10753   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10754   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10755   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10756   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10757   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10758   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10759   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10760   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10761   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10762   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10763   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10764   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10765   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10766   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10767   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10768   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10769 </p></blockquote>
10770
10771 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10772
10773 <blockquote><p>
10774   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10775   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10776   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10777   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10778   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10779   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10780   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10781 </p></blockquote>
10782
10783 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10784
10785 <blockquote><p>
10786   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10787 </p></blockquote>
10788
10789       </div>
10790       <div class="tags">
10791
10792
10793         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10794
10795
10796       </div>
10797     </div>
10798     <div class="padding"></div>
10799
10800     <div class="entry">
10801       <div class="title">
10802         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
10803       </div>
10804       <div class="date">
10805         20th November 2010
10806       </div>
10807       <div class="body">
10808         <p>Answering
10809 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
10810 call from the Gnash project</a> for
10811 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
10812 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
10813 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
10814 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
10815 releases out more often.</p>
10816
10817 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
10818 I have considered setting up a <a
10819 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
10820 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
10821 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
10822 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
10823 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
10824 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
10825 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
10826 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
10827 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
10828 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
10829 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
10830 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
10831
10832       </div>
10833       <div class="tags">
10834
10835
10836         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10837
10838
10839       </div>
10840     </div>
10841     <div class="padding"></div>
10842
10843     <div class="entry">
10844       <div class="title">
10845         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
10846       </div>
10847       <div class="date">
10848          7th November 2010
10849       </div>
10850       <div class="body">
10851         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
10852 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
10853 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
10854 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
10855 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
10856 working using this DVD.</p>
10857
10858 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
10859 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
10860 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
10861 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
10862 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
10863 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
10864 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
10865
10866 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
10867 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
10868 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
10869 Debian archive.</p>
10870
10871 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
10872 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
10873 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
10874 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
10875 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
10876 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
10877 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
10878 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
10879 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
10880 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
10881 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
10882 free X driver should work.</p>
10883
10884 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
10885 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
10886 DVD more useful again.</p>
10887
10888       </div>
10889       <div class="tags">
10890
10891
10892         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10893
10894
10895       </div>
10896     </div>
10897     <div class="padding"></div>
10898
10899     <div class="entry">
10900       <div class="title">
10901         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
10902       </div>
10903       <div class="date">
10904         24th October 2010
10905       </div>
10906       <div class="body">
10907         <p>Some updates.</p>
10908
10909 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
10910 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
10911 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
10912 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
10913 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
10914 :)</p>
10915
10916 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
10917 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
10918 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
10919 It is called
10920 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
10921 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
10922 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
10923 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
10924 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
10925 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
10926
10927 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
10928 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
10929 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
10930 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
10931 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
10932 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
10933 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
10934 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
10935 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
10936 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
10937
10938       </div>
10939       <div class="tags">
10940
10941
10942         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
10943
10944
10945       </div>
10946     </div>
10947     <div class="padding"></div>
10948
10949     <div class="entry">
10950       <div class="title">
10951         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
10952       </div>
10953       <div class="date">
10954          4th September 2010
10955       </div>
10956       <div class="body">
10957         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
10958 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
10959 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
10960 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
10961 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
10962 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
10963 installed.</p>
10964
10965 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
10966 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
10967 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
10968 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
10969 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10970 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
10971 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
10972 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
10973 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
10974
10975 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
10976 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
10977 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
10978 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
10979 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
10980 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
10981 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
10982 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
10983 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
10984 pages they want to visit.</p>
10985
10986 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
10987 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
10988 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
10989 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
10990 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
10991 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
10992 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
10993 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
10994 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
10995 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
10996 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
10997
10998       </div>
10999       <div class="tags">
11000
11001
11002         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
11003
11004
11005       </div>
11006     </div>
11007     <div class="padding"></div>
11008
11009     <div class="entry">
11010       <div class="title">
11011         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
11012       </div>
11013       <div class="date">
11014         30th August 2010
11015       </div>
11016       <div class="body">
11017         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
11018 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
11019 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
11020 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
11021 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
11022 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
11023 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
11024
11025 <pre>
11026 % ln foo bar
11027 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
11028 %
11029 </pre>
11030
11031 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
11032 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
11033 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
11034 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
11035 nevertheless. :)</p>
11036
11037 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
11038 git from
11039 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
11040
11041       </div>
11042       <div class="tags">
11043
11044
11045         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11046
11047
11048       </div>
11049     </div>
11050     <div class="padding"></div>
11051
11052     <div class="entry">
11053       <div class="title">
11054         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
11055       </div>
11056       <div class="date">
11057         26th August 2010
11058       </div>
11059       <div class="body">
11060         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
11061 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
11062 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
11063 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
11064 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
11065 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
11066 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
11067 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
11068 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
11069 Løsningen leveres av
11070 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
11071 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
11072 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
11073 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
11074 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
11075 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
11076 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
11077 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
11078 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
11079
11080       </div>
11081       <div class="tags">
11082
11083
11084         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
11085
11086
11087       </div>
11088     </div>
11089     <div class="padding"></div>
11090
11091     <div class="entry">
11092       <div class="title">
11093         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
11094       </div>
11095       <div class="date">
11096         26th August 2010
11097       </div>
11098       <div class="body">
11099         <p>My file system sematics program
11100 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
11101 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
11102 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
11103 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
11104 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
11105 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
11106 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
11107 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
11108 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
11109 script:</p>
11110
11111 <pre>
11112 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
11113   mode_t retval = 0;
11114   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
11115   if (-1 != fd) {
11116     unlink(name);
11117     struct stat statbuf;
11118     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
11119       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
11120     }
11121     close(fd);
11122   }
11123   return retval;
11124 }
11125
11126 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
11127 int test_umask(void) {
11128   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
11129
11130   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
11131   mode_t newmode;
11132   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11133     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
11134            newmode);
11135   }
11136   umask(007);
11137   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
11138     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
11139            newmode);
11140   }
11141
11142   umask (orig_umask);
11143   return 0;
11144 }
11145
11146 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11147   [...]
11148   test_umask();
11149   return 0;
11150 }
11151 </pre>
11152
11153 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
11154
11155 <pre>
11156 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11157 info: testing symlink creation
11158 info: testing subdirectory creation
11159 info: testing fcntl locking
11160   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11161   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11162   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11163   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11164   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11165   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11166 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11167 </pre>
11168
11169 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
11170 result:</p>
11171
11172 <pre>
11173 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11174 info: testing symlink creation
11175 info: testing subdirectory creation
11176 info: testing fcntl locking
11177   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11178   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11179   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11180   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11181   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11182   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11183 info: testing umask effect on file creation
11184   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
11185   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
11186 </pre>
11187
11188 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
11189 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
11190 directory.</p>
11191
11192 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
11193 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
11194
11195 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11196 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11197 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11198
11199       </div>
11200       <div class="tags">
11201
11202
11203         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11204
11205
11206       </div>
11207     </div>
11208     <div class="padding"></div>
11209
11210     <div class="entry">
11211       <div class="title">
11212         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11213       </div>
11214       <div class="date">
11215          9th August 2010
11216       </div>
11217       <div class="body">
11218         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11219 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11220 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11221 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11222 generated configuration.</p>
11223
11224 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11225 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11226 without any manual configuration.</p>
11227
11228 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11229 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11230 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11231 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11232 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11233 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11234 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11235 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11236 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11237 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11238 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11239 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11240 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11241 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11242 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11243 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11244 use.</p>
11245
11246 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11247 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11248 working properly out of the box:</p>
11249
11250 <ul>
11251 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11252 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11253 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11254 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11255 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11256 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11257 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11258 </ul>
11259
11260 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11261
11262 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11263 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11264 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11265 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11266 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11267
11268 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11269 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11270 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11271 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11272 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11273 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11274 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11275 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11276
11277 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11278 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11279 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11280 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11281 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11282 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11283 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11284 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11285 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11286 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11287 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11288 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11289 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11290 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11291 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11292 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11293
11294 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11295 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11296 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11297 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11298 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11299 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11300 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11301 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11302 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11303 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11304 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11305 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11306 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11307
11308 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11309 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11310 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11311 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11312 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11313 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11314 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11315 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11316 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11317 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11318 do for now. :)</p>
11319
11320 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11321 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11322 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11323 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11324 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11325 yet.</p>
11326
11327 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11328 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11329
11330 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11331 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11332 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11333 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11334
11335       </div>
11336       <div class="tags">
11337
11338
11339         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11340
11341
11342       </div>
11343     </div>
11344     <div class="padding"></div>
11345
11346     <div class="entry">
11347       <div class="title">
11348         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11349       </div>
11350       <div class="date">
11351          8th August 2010
11352       </div>
11353       <div class="body">
11354         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11355 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11356 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11357 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11358 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11359 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11360 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11361
11362 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11363 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11364 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11365 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11366 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11367 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11368 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11369
11370 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11371 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11372 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11373 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11374 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11375
11376 <pre>
11377 /*
11378  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11379  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11380  * directory.
11381  * License: GPL v2 or later
11382  *
11383  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11384  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11385 */
11386
11387 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11388 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11389 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11390
11391 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11392
11393 #include &lt;errno.h>
11394 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11395 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11396 #include &lt;string.h>
11397 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11398 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11399 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11400 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11401 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11402
11403 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11404 /*
11405  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11406  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11407  * below.
11408  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11409  */
11410 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11411 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11412   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11413 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11414   char *zErrMsg;
11415   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11416   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11417   unlink(name);
11418   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11419   if( rc ){
11420     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11421     sqlite3_close(db);
11422     return -1;
11423   }
11424
11425   /* create tables */
11426   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11427   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11428     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11429     sqlite3_close(db);
11430     return -1;
11431   }
11432   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11433   sqlite3_close(db);
11434   return 0;
11435 }
11436 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11437
11438 /*
11439  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11440  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11441  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11442  * See also
11443  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11444  * POSIX specification
11445  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11446  */
11447 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11448   struct flock fl;
11449   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11450   unlink(name);
11451   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11452   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11453
11454   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11455   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11456   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11457   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11458   fl.l_len    = 1;
11459   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11460   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11461
11462   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11463   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11464   fl.l_len    = 510;
11465   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11466   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11467
11468   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11469   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11470   fl.l_len    = 1;
11471   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11472   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11473
11474   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11475   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11476   fl.l_len    = 1;
11477   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11478   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11479
11480   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11481   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11482   fl.l_len    = 510;
11483   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11484
11485   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11486   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11487   fl.l_len    = 2;
11488   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11489   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11490
11491   close(fd);
11492   return 0;
11493 }
11494
11495 /*
11496  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11497  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11498  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11499  * slowing down file operations.
11500  */
11501 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11502 #define LEVELS 5
11503   char *path = strdup("test");
11504   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11505   int level;
11506   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11507   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11508     char *newpath = NULL;
11509     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11510       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11511              path, strerror(errno));
11512       break;
11513     }
11514     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11515     free(path);
11516     path = newpath;
11517   }
11518   return 0;
11519 }
11520
11521 /*
11522  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11523  * KDE.
11524  */
11525 int test_symlinks(void) {
11526   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11527   unlink("symlink");
11528   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11529     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11530   return 0;
11531 }
11532
11533 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11534   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11535   test_symlinks();
11536   test_subdirectory_creation();
11537 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11538   test_sqlite_open();
11539 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11540   test_gcompris_locking();
11541   return 0;
11542 }
11543 </pre>
11544
11545 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11546 this:</p>
11547
11548 <pre>
11549 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11550 info: testing symlink creation
11551 info: testing subdirectory creation
11552 info: sqlite worked
11553 info: testing fcntl locking
11554   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11555   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11556   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11557   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11558   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11559   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11560 </pre>
11561
11562 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11563 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11564 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11565 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11566 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11567 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11568 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11569 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11570
11571 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11572 it. :)</p>
11573
11574 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11575 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11576 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11577
11578       </div>
11579       <div class="tags">
11580
11581
11582         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11583
11584
11585       </div>
11586     </div>
11587     <div class="padding"></div>
11588
11589     <div class="entry">
11590       <div class="title">
11591         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11592       </div>
11593       <div class="date">
11594          7th August 2010
11595       </div>
11596       <div class="body">
11597         <p>A few days ago, I
11598 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11599 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11600 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11601 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11602 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11603 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11604 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11605 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11606 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11607
11608 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11609 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11610 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11611 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11612 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11613 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11614 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11615 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11616 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11617 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11618 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11619 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11620 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11621 gave it a IP address.</p>
11622
11623 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11624 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11625 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11626 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11627 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11628 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11629 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11630 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11631
11632 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11633 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11634 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11635 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11636 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11637 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11638
11639 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11640 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11641 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11642 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11643 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11644 with UID and GID values.</p>
11645
11646 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11647 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11648
11649       </div>
11650       <div class="tags">
11651
11652
11653         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11654
11655
11656       </div>
11657     </div>
11658     <div class="padding"></div>
11659
11660     <div class="entry">
11661       <div class="title">
11662         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11663       </div>
11664       <div class="date">
11665          3rd August 2010
11666       </div>
11667       <div class="body">
11668         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11669 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11670 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11671 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11672 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11673 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11674 servers.</p>
11675
11676 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11677 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11678 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11679 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11680 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11681 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11682 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11683 .uio.no.</p>
11684
11685 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11686 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11687 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11688 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11689 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11690 university servers.</p>
11691
11692 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11693 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11694 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11695 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11696 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11697 uses.</p>
11698
11699       </div>
11700       <div class="tags">
11701
11702
11703         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11704
11705
11706       </div>
11707     </div>
11708     <div class="padding"></div>
11709
11710     <div class="entry">
11711       <div class="title">
11712         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11713       </div>
11714       <div class="date">
11715         27th July 2010
11716       </div>
11717       <div class="body">
11718         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11719 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11720 completed.</p>
11721
11722 <blockquote>
11723 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11724 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11725 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11726 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11727 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11728 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11729 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11730 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11731
11732 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11733 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11734 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11735
11736 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11737 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11738 much.</p>
11739
11740 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11741
11742 <ul>
11743 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11744 <ul>
11745   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11746          combination with some new artwork
11747   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11748   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11749   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11750   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11751   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11752   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11753   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11754   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11755   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11756 </ul></li>
11757 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11758     Enabled for:
11759 <ul>
11760   <li>PAM
11761   <li>LDAP
11762   <li>IMAP
11763   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11764 </ul>
11765 </li>
11766 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11767 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11768     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11769 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11770 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11771 </ul>
11772 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11773
11774 <ul>
11775 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11776     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11777     for testing.</li>
11778 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11779     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11780     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11781 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11782 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11783 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11784 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11785     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11786 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11787     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11788     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11789 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11790     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11791     and help out with translations.</li>
11792 </ul>
11793
11794 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
11795
11796 <ul>
11797 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11798 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11799 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11800 </ul>
11801 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
11802
11803 <ul>
11804 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11805 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11806 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11807 </ul>
11808
11809 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
11810 get closer to the final release.</p>
11811
11812 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
11813
11814 <ul>
11815 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11816 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11817 </ul>
11818
11819 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
11820 <ul>
11821 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11822 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11823 </ul>
11824 <p>How to report bugs:
11825 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
11826
11827 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
11828 </blockquote>
11829
11830       </div>
11831       <div class="tags">
11832
11833
11834         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11835
11836
11837       </div>
11838     </div>
11839     <div class="padding"></div>
11840
11841     <div class="entry">
11842       <div class="title">
11843         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
11844       </div>
11845       <div class="date">
11846         25th July 2010
11847       </div>
11848       <div class="body">
11849         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
11850 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
11851 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
11852 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
11853 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
11854
11855 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
11856 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
11857 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
11858 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
11859 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
11860 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
11861 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
11862
11863 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
11864 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
11865 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
11866 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
11867 up. :)</p>
11868
11869 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
11870 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
11871 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
11872
11873 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
11874 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
11875 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
11876 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
11877 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
11878 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
11879 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
11880 release another day.</p>
11881
11882 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
11883 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11884
11885       </div>
11886       <div class="tags">
11887
11888
11889         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11890
11891
11892       </div>
11893     </div>
11894     <div class="padding"></div>
11895
11896     <div class="entry">
11897       <div class="title">
11898         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
11899       </div>
11900       <div class="date">
11901         17th July 2010
11902       </div>
11903       <div class="body">
11904         <p>This is a
11905 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
11906 on my
11907 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
11908 work</a> on
11909 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
11910 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
11911
11912 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
11913 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
11914 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
11915 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
11916
11917 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
11918 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
11919 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
11920
11921 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
11922
11923 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
11924 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
11925 the web.
11926
11927 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
11928 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
11929 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
11930 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
11931 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
11932 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
11933
11934 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
11935 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
11936 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
11937 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
11938 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
11939 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
11940 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
11941 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
11942 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
11943 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
11944 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
11945 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
11946 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
11947 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
11948 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
11949 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
11950
11951 <blockquote><pre>
11952 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11953   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11954   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11955   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11956   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11957   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11958   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11959
11960 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11961   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11962   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
11963   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
11964   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
11965   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
11966 </pre></blockquote>
11967
11968 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
11969 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
11970 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
11971 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11972 also exist.</p>
11973
11974 <blockquote><pre>
11975 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11976 objectclass: top
11977 objectclass: dnsdomain
11978 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11979 dc: tjener
11980 arecord: 10.0.2.2
11981 associateddomain: tjener.intern
11982
11983 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11984 objectclass: top
11985 objectclass: dnsdomain2
11986 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11987 dc: 2
11988 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
11989 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
11990 </pre></blockquote>
11991
11992 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
11993 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
11994 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
11995 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
11996 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
11997 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
11998 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
11999 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
12000 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
12001 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
12002 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
12003 instead.</p>
12004
12005 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
12006 like this:</p>
12007
12008 <blockquote><pre>
12009 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12010   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
12011   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
12012   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
12013   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
12014   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
12015
12016 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
12017   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
12018 </pre></blockquote>
12019
12020 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
12021 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
12022 reverse lookups.</p>
12023
12024 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
12025 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
12026 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
12027 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
12028
12029 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
12030 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
12031 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
12032
12033 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
12034 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
12035 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
12036 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
12037 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
12038
12039 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
12040 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
12041 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
12042 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
12043 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
12044
12045 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
12046 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
12047 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
12048 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
12049 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
12050 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
12051
12052 <blockquote><pre>
12053 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
12054     SUP top
12055     AUXILIARY
12056     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
12057           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
12058           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
12059           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
12060           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
12061     ))
12062 </pre></blockquote>
12063
12064 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
12065 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
12066 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
12067 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
12068 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
12069 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
12070
12071 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
12072
12073 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
12074 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
12075 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
12076 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
12077 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
12078
12079 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
12080 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
12081 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
12082 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
12083
12084 <blockquote><pre>
12085 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
12086 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
12087 </pre></blockquote>
12088
12089 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
12090 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
12091 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
12092 search result is this entry:</p>
12093
12094 <blockquote><pre>
12095 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12096 cn: dhcp
12097 objectClass: top
12098 objectClass: dhcpServer
12099 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12100 </pre></blockquote>
12101
12102 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
12103 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
12104 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
12105 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
12106 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
12107 The search result is this entry:</p>
12108
12109 <blockquote><pre>
12110 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12111 cn: DHCP Config
12112 objectClass: top
12113 objectClass: dhcpService
12114 objectClass: dhcpOptions
12115 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12116 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
12117 dhcpStatements: authoritative
12118 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
12119 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
12120 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
12121 </pre></blockquote>
12122
12123 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
12124 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
12125 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
12126 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
12127 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
12128 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
12129 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
12130 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
12131 related computer objects.</p>
12132
12133 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
12134 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
12135 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
12136 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
12137 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
12138 like:</p>
12139
12140 <blockquote><pre>
12141 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12142 cn: hostname
12143 objectClass: top
12144 objectClass: dhcpHost
12145 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12146 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
12147 </pre></blockquote>
12148
12149 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
12150 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
12151 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
12152 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
12153 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
12154 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
12155 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
12156 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
12157 structural object class.
12158
12159 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
12160
12161 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
12162 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
12163 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
12164 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
12165 in the configuration.</p>
12166
12167 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
12168 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
12169 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
12170 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
12171 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
12172 structure.</p>
12173
12174 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
12175 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
12176
12177 <blockquote><pre>
12178 ou=services
12179   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
12180     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
12181     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12182       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12183         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12184     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
12185       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
12186         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
12187     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
12188       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
12189 </pre></blockquote>
12190
12191 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
12192 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
12193 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
12194 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
12195
12196 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
12197 like this:</p>
12198
12199 <blockquote><pre>
12200 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12201 dc: hostname
12202 objectClass: top
12203 objectClass: dhcpHost
12204 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12205 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12206 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12207 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12208 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12209 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12210 </pre></blockquote>
12211
12212 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12213 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12214 auxiliary object class.</p>
12215
12216       </div>
12217       <div class="tags">
12218
12219
12220         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12221
12222
12223       </div>
12224     </div>
12225     <div class="padding"></div>
12226
12227     <div class="entry">
12228       <div class="title">
12229         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12230       </div>
12231       <div class="date">
12232         14th July 2010
12233       </div>
12234       <div class="body">
12235         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12236 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12237 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12238 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12239 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12240
12241 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12242 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12243
12244 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12245 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12246 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12247 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12248 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12249 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12250
12251 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12252 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12253 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12254 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12255 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12256 seem to work.</p>
12257
12258 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12259 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12260 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12261 this:</p>
12262
12263 <blockquote><pre>
12264   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12265   cn: hostname
12266   objectClass: dhcphost
12267   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12268   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12269   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12270   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12271   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12272   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12273   ldapconfigsound: Y
12274 </pre></blockquote>
12275
12276 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12277 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12278 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12279 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12280
12281 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12282 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12283 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12284 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12285 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12286 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12287 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12288 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12289
12290 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12291 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12292
12293       </div>
12294       <div class="tags">
12295
12296
12297         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12298
12299
12300       </div>
12301     </div>
12302     <div class="padding"></div>
12303
12304     <div class="entry">
12305       <div class="title">
12306         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12307       </div>
12308       <div class="date">
12309         11th July 2010
12310       </div>
12311       <div class="body">
12312         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12313 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12314 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12315 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12316
12317 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12318 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12319 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12320 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12321 LTSP clients.</p>
12322
12323 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12324 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12325 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12326
12327 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12328 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12329 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12330
12331 <blockquote><pre>
12332 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12333 #
12334 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12335 #
12336 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12337 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12338 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12339 #
12340 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12341 # existence of attribute names.
12342 #
12343 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12344 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12345 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12346 #
12347 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12348 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12349 #
12350 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12351 #     SUP top
12352 #     AUXILIARY
12353 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12354
12355 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12356 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12357     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12358     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12359         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12360         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12361             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12362             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12363             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12364             # bass value on to clients
12365             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12366         done
12367     done
12368 fi
12369 </pre></blockquote>
12370
12371 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12372 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12373 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12374 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12375 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12376
12377 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12378 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12379
12380 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12381 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12382 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12383 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12384 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12385 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12386
12387       </div>
12388       <div class="tags">
12389
12390
12391         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12392
12393
12394       </div>
12395     </div>
12396     <div class="padding"></div>
12397
12398     <div class="entry">
12399       <div class="title">
12400         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12401       </div>
12402       <div class="date">
12403          9th July 2010
12404       </div>
12405       <div class="body">
12406         <p>Since
12407 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12408 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12409 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12410 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12411 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12412 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12413 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12414 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12415 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12416 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12417 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12418 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12419 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12420
12421       </div>
12422       <div class="tags">
12423
12424
12425         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12426
12427
12428       </div>
12429     </div>
12430     <div class="padding"></div>
12431
12432     <div class="entry">
12433       <div class="title">
12434         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12435       </div>
12436       <div class="date">
12437          3rd July 2010
12438       </div>
12439       <div class="body">
12440         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12441 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12442 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12443 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12444 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12445 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12446 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12447 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12448
12449 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12450 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12451 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12452 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12453 publish the difference.</p>
12454
12455 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12456
12457 <blockquote><p>
12458   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12459   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12460   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12461   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12462   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12463   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12464   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12465   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12466 </p></blockquote>
12467
12468 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12469
12470 <blockquote><p>
12471   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12472   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12473   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12474   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12475   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12476   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12477   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12478   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12479   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12480   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12481   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12482   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12483   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12484   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12485   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12486   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12487   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12488   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12489   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12490   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12491 </p></blockquote>
12492
12493 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12494
12495 <blockquote><p>
12496   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12497   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12498   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12499   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12500   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12501   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12502   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12503   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12504   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12505   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12506   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12507   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12508   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12509   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12510   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12511   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12512   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12513   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12514   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12515   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12516   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12517 </p></blockquote>
12518
12519 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12520
12521 <blockquote><p>
12522   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12523   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12524   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12525 </p></blockquote>
12526
12527 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12528 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12529 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12530 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12531 the difference somewhat.
12532
12533       </div>
12534       <div class="tags">
12535
12536
12537         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12538
12539
12540       </div>
12541     </div>
12542     <div class="padding"></div>
12543
12544     <div class="entry">
12545       <div class="title">
12546         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12547       </div>
12548       <div class="date">
12549          1st July 2010
12550       </div>
12551       <div class="body">
12552         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12553 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12554 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12555 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12556 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12557 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12558 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12559 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12560 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12561
12562 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12563
12564 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12565 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12566 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12567 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12568 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12569 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12570 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12571 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12572 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12573 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12574 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12575 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12576 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12577 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12578 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12579
12580 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12581
12582 <blockquote><pre>
12583 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12584 </pre></blockquote>
12585
12586 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12587 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12588 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12589 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12590 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12591 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12592 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12593 on how to get this working.</p>
12594
12595 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12596 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12597 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12598 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12599 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12600 instructions I found in the
12601 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12602 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12603
12604 <blockquote><pre>
12605         debug-level             0
12606         reload-count            unlimited
12607         paranoia                no
12608
12609         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12610         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12611         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12612         suggested-size          passwd          211
12613         check-files             passwd          yes
12614         persistent              passwd          yes
12615         shared                  passwd          yes
12616         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12617         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12618
12619         enable-cache            group           yes
12620         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12621         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12622         suggested-size          group           211
12623         check-files             group           yes
12624         persistent              group           yes
12625         shared                  group           yes
12626         max-db-size             group           33554432
12627         auto-propagate          group           yes
12628
12629         enable-cache            hosts           no
12630         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12631         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12632         suggested-size          hosts           211
12633         check-files             hosts           yes
12634         persistent              hosts           yes
12635         shared                  hosts           yes
12636         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12637
12638         enable-cache            services        yes
12639         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12640         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12641         suggested-size          services        211
12642         check-files             services        yes
12643         persistent              services        yes
12644         shared                  services        yes
12645         max-db-size             services        33554432
12646 </pre></blockquote>
12647
12648 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12649 automatically like the one provided in
12650 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12651 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12652 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12653 look like this:</p>
12654
12655 <blockquote><pre>
12656 passwd:         files ldap
12657 group:          files ldap
12658 shadow:         files ldap
12659 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12660 networks:       files
12661 protocols:      files
12662 services:       files
12663 ethers:         files
12664 rpc:            files
12665 netgroup:       files ldap
12666 </pre></blockquote>
12667
12668 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12669 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12670
12671 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12672 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12673 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12674 attributes cached.
12675
12676 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12677   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12678
12679 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12680 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12681 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12682 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12683 discovered sssd.</p>
12684
12685 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12686
12687 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12688 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12689 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12690 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12691 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12692 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12693 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12694 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12695 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12696 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12697 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12698 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12699 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12700
12701 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12702 roaming setup I want</p>
12703
12704 <blockquote><pre>
12705 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12706 </pre></blockquote>
12707
12708 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12709 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12710
12711 <blockquote><pre>
12712 [sssd]
12713 config_file_version = 2
12714 reconnection_retries = 3
12715 sbus_timeout = 30
12716 services = nss, pam
12717 domains = INTERN
12718
12719 [nss]
12720 filter_groups = root
12721 filter_users = root
12722 reconnection_retries = 3
12723
12724 [pam]
12725 reconnection_retries = 3
12726
12727 [domain/INTERN]
12728 enumerate = false
12729 cache_credentials = true
12730
12731 id_provider = ldap
12732 auth_provider = ldap
12733 chpass_provider = ldap
12734
12735 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12736 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12737 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12738 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12739 </pre></blockquote>
12740
12741 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12742 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12743
12744 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12745 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12746 modify it manually.</p>
12747
12748 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12749 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12750
12751       </div>
12752       <div class="tags">
12753
12754
12755         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12756
12757
12758       </div>
12759     </div>
12760     <div class="padding"></div>
12761
12762     <div class="entry">
12763       <div class="title">
12764         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12765       </div>
12766       <div class="date">
12767         28th June 2010
12768       </div>
12769       <div class="body">
12770         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12771 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12772 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12773 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12774 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12775 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12776 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12777 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12778 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12779 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12780
12781 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12782 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12783 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12784 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12785 released.</p>
12786
12787 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12788 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12789 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12790 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12791
12792 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
12793 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12794
12795 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
12796 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
12797 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
12798 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
12799 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
12800
12801       </div>
12802       <div class="tags">
12803
12804
12805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12806
12807
12808       </div>
12809     </div>
12810     <div class="padding"></div>
12811
12812     <div class="entry">
12813       <div class="title">
12814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
12815       </div>
12816       <div class="date">
12817         24th June 2010
12818       </div>
12819       <div class="body">
12820         <p>A while back, I
12821 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
12822 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
12823 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
12824 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
12825
12826 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
12827 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
12828 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
12829 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
12830
12831 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
12832 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
12833 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
12834 Debian Edu.</p>
12835
12836 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
12837 the
12838 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
12839 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
12840 available today from IETF.</p>
12841
12842 <pre>
12843 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
12844 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
12845 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
12846  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
12847         NAME 'dhcpHost'
12848         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
12849 -       SUP top
12850 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
12851         MUST cn
12852         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
12853         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
12854 </pre>
12855
12856 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
12857 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
12858 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
12859
12860 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12861 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12862
12863       </div>
12864       <div class="tags">
12865
12866
12867         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12868
12869
12870       </div>
12871     </div>
12872     <div class="padding"></div>
12873
12874     <div class="entry">
12875       <div class="title">
12876         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
12877       </div>
12878       <div class="date">
12879         13th June 2010
12880       </div>
12881       <div class="body">
12882         <p>My
12883 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
12884 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
12885 finally made the upgrade logs available from
12886 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
12887 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
12888 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
12889 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
12890
12891 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
12892 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
12893 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
12894 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
12895 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
12896 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
12897 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
12898 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
12899
12900 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
12901 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
12902 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
12903 too surprising.</p>
12904
12905 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
12906 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
12907 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
12908 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
12909 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
12910 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
12911 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
12912 continue.</p>
12913
12914 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
12915 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
12916   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
12917   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
12918   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
12919   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
12920   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
12921   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12922   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12923   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12924   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12925   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12926   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12927   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12928   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12929   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12930   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12931   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12932   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12933   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12934   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12935   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12936   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12937   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12938   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12939   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12940   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12941   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12942   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
12943   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
12944
12945 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
12946
12947 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
12948   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
12949   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
12950   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
12951   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12952   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
12953   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
12954   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
12955   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
12956   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
12957   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12958   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
12959   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12960   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
12961   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
12962   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
12963   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
12964   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
12965   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
12966   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
12967   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
12968   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
12969   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
12970   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
12971   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12972   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
12973   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
12974   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
12975   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
12976   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12977   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12978   zip</p>
12979
12980 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
12981
12982 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
12983   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
12984   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
12985   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
12986   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
12987   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
12988   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12989   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12990   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12991   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12992   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12993   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12994   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12995   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12996   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12997   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12998   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12999   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
13000   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
13001   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
13002   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
13003   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
13004   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
13005   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
13006   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
13007   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
13008   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
13009   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
13010
13011 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
13012 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
13013   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
13014   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
13015   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
13016   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
13017   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
13018   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
13019   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
13020   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
13021   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
13022   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
13023   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
13024   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
13025   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
13026   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
13027   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
13028   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
13029   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
13030   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
13031   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
13032   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
13033   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
13034   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
13035   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
13036   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
13037   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
13038   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
13039   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
13040   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
13041   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
13042   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
13043   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
13044   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
13045   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
13046   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
13047   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
13048   xulrunner-1.9</p>
13049
13050
13051       </div>
13052       <div class="tags">
13053
13054
13055         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13056
13057
13058       </div>
13059     </div>
13060     <div class="padding"></div>
13061
13062     <div class="entry">
13063       <div class="title">
13064         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
13065       </div>
13066       <div class="date">
13067         11th June 2010
13068       </div>
13069       <div class="body">
13070         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
13071 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
13072 have been discovered and reported in the process
13073 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
13074 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
13075 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
13076 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
13077 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
13078
13079 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
13080 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
13081 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
13082 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
13083 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
13084 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
13085
13086 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
13087 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
13088 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13089 is created.  The bug report
13090 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
13091 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
13092 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
13093 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
13094 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
13095 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
13096 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
13097 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
13098 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
13099 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
13100 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
13101 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
13102 Debian Squeeze.</p>
13103
13104 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
13105 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
13106 trick:</p>
13107
13108 <blockquote><pre>
13109 #!/bin/sh
13110 set -ex
13111
13112 if [ "$1" ] ; then
13113     desktop=$1
13114 else
13115     desktop=gnome
13116 fi
13117
13118 from=lenny
13119 to=squeeze
13120
13121 exec &lt; /dev/null
13122 unset LANG
13123 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
13124 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
13125 fuser -mv .
13126 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
13127 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13128 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
13129 #!/bin/sh
13130 exit 101
13131 EOF
13132 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
13133 exit_cleanup() {
13134     umount $tmpdir/proc
13135 }
13136 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
13137 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
13138 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
13139
13140 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
13141
13142 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
13143 # to return the correct answers.
13144 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
13145     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
13146
13147 # Include the desktop and laptop task
13148 for test in desktop laptop ; do
13149     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
13150 #!/bin/sh
13151 exit 2
13152 EOF
13153     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
13154 done
13155
13156 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
13157 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
13158 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
13159 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
13160
13161 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
13162 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
13163 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
13164 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
13165 fuser -mv
13166 </pre></blockquote>
13167
13168 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
13169 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
13170 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
13171 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
13172 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
13173 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
13174
13175 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
13176 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
13177 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
13178 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
13179 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
13180 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
13181 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
13182
13183 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
13184 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
13185 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
13186 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
13187 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
13188 packages.</p>
13189
13190       </div>
13191       <div class="tags">
13192
13193
13194         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13195
13196
13197       </div>
13198     </div>
13199     <div class="padding"></div>
13200
13201     <div class="entry">
13202       <div class="title">
13203         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
13204       </div>
13205       <div class="date">
13206          9th June 2010
13207       </div>
13208       <div class="body">
13209         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13210 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13211 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13212 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13213 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13214 blygsel:</p>
13215
13216 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13217 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13218 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13219 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13220 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13221 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13222
13223 <p>En <a
13224 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13225 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13226 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13227 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13228 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13229 nettet sendte meg til
13230 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13231 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13232
13233 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13234 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13235 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13236 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13237 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13238
13239 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13240 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13241 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13242 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13243 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13244 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13245 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13246 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13247 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13248
13249 <blockquote>
13250 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13251 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13252 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13253 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13254 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13255 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13256 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13257 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13258
13259 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13260 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13261 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13262 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13263 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13264 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13265 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13266 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13267 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13268 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13269
13270 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13271 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13272 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13273 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13274
13275 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13276 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13277 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13278 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13279 arbeid.</p>
13280 </blockquote>
13281
13282 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13283 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13284 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13285 minner.</p>
13286
13287       </div>
13288       <div class="tags">
13289
13290
13291         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13292
13293
13294       </div>
13295     </div>
13296     <div class="padding"></div>
13297
13298     <div class="entry">
13299       <div class="title">
13300         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13301       </div>
13302       <div class="date">
13303          6th June 2010
13304       </div>
13305       <div class="body">
13306         <p>Via the
13307 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13308 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13309 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13310 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13311 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13312
13313       </div>
13314       <div class="tags">
13315
13316
13317         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13318
13319
13320       </div>
13321     </div>
13322     <div class="padding"></div>
13323
13324     <div class="entry">
13325       <div class="title">
13326         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13327       </div>
13328       <div class="date">
13329          3rd June 2010
13330       </div>
13331       <div class="body">
13332         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13333 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13334 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13335 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13336 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13337
13338 <blockquote><pre>
13339 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13340   vendor                    count
13341   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13342     PowerEdge 1750              1
13343   IBM                           1
13344     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13345   Intel                         2
13346   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13347 maintainer:~#
13348 </pre></blockquote>
13349
13350 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13351 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13352 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13353 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13354 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13355
13356 <p>A larger list is
13357 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13358 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13359 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13360 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13361 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13362 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13363 collector.</p>
13364
13365       </div>
13366       <div class="tags">
13367
13368
13369         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13370
13371
13372       </div>
13373     </div>
13374     <div class="padding"></div>
13375
13376     <div class="entry">
13377       <div class="title">
13378         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13379       </div>
13380       <div class="date">
13381          1st June 2010
13382       </div>
13383       <div class="body">
13384         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13385 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13386 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13387 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13388 wait.</p>
13389
13390 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13391 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13392 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13393 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13394 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13395 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13396
13397 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13398 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13399 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13400 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13401 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13402 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13403 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13404 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13405
13406 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13407
13408       </div>
13409       <div class="tags">
13410
13411
13412         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13413
13414
13415       </div>
13416     </div>
13417     <div class="padding"></div>
13418
13419     <div class="entry">
13420       <div class="title">
13421         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13422       </div>
13423       <div class="date">
13424         27th May 2010
13425       </div>
13426       <div class="body">
13427         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13428 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13429 issues are known and should be solved:
13430
13431 <p><ul>
13432
13433 <li>The wicd package seen to
13434 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13435 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13436 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13437 seem to be on the case.</li>
13438
13439 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13440 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13441 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13442 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13443
13444 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13445 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13446 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13447 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13448 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13449 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13450 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13451 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13452
13453 </ul></p>
13454
13455 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13456 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13457 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13458 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13459
13460 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13461 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13462 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13463 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13464
13465 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13466
13467       </div>
13468       <div class="tags">
13469
13470
13471         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13472
13473
13474       </div>
13475     </div>
13476     <div class="padding"></div>
13477
13478     <div class="entry">
13479       <div class="title">
13480         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13481       </div>
13482       <div class="date">
13483         22nd May 2010
13484       </div>
13485       <div class="body">
13486         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13487 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13488 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13489 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13490
13491 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13492 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13493 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13494 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13495 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13496 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13497 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13498 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13499 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13500 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13501 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13502 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13503 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13504 going to work.</p>
13505
13506 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13507 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13508 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13509 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13510 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13511 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13512 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13513 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13514 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13515 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13516 Edu.</p>
13517
13518 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13519 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13520 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13521 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13522 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13523 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13524
13525 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13526 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13527
13528       </div>
13529       <div class="tags">
13530
13531
13532         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13533
13534
13535       </div>
13536     </div>
13537     <div class="padding"></div>
13538
13539     <div class="entry">
13540       <div class="title">
13541         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13542       </div>
13543       <div class="date">
13544         19th May 2010
13545       </div>
13546       <div class="body">
13547         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13548 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13549 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13550 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13551 into unstable.  The
13552 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13553 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13554 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13555 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13556 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13557 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13558 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13559
13560 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13561 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13562 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13563 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13564 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13565 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13566 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13567 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13568
13569 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13570 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13571 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13572 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13573 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13574 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13575 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13576
13577 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13578 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13579 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13580 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13581 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13582 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13583 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13584 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13585 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13586 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13587 on the home directory servers.</p>
13588
13589 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13590 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13591 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13592 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13593 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13594 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13595
13596 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13597 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13598
13599       </div>
13600       <div class="tags">
13601
13602
13603         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13604
13605
13606       </div>
13607     </div>
13608     <div class="padding"></div>
13609
13610     <div class="entry">
13611       <div class="title">
13612         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13613       </div>
13614       <div class="date">
13615         14th May 2010
13616       </div>
13617       <div class="body">
13618         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13619 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13620 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13621 expected, if I am to believe the
13622 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13623 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13624 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13625 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13626 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13627 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13628 version.</p>
13629
13630 More information about
13631 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13632 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13633 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13634 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13635
13636 <blockquote><pre>
13637 CONCURRENCY=none
13638 </pre></blockquote>
13639
13640 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13641 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13642 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13643 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13644
13645       </div>
13646       <div class="tags">
13647
13648
13649         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13650
13651
13652       </div>
13653     </div>
13654     <div class="padding"></div>
13655
13656     <div class="entry">
13657       <div class="title">
13658         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13659       </div>
13660       <div class="date">
13661         14th May 2010
13662       </div>
13663       <div class="body">
13664         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13665 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13666 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13667 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13668 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13669 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13670 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13671 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13672
13673 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13674 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13675 this on the collector host:</p>
13676
13677 <blockquote><pre>
13678 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13679 </pre></blockquote>
13680
13681 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13682 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13683
13684 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13685 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13686 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13687 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13688 written yet.</p>
13689
13690       </div>
13691       <div class="tags">
13692
13693
13694         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13695
13696
13697       </div>
13698     </div>
13699     <div class="padding"></div>
13700
13701     <div class="entry">
13702       <div class="title">
13703         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13704       </div>
13705       <div class="date">
13706          2nd May 2010
13707       </div>
13708       <div class="body">
13709         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13710 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13711 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13712
13713 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13714 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13715 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13716 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13717 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13718
13719 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13720 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13721
13722 <blockquote><pre>
13723 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13724 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13725 Password expires                                        : never
13726 Password inactive                                       : never
13727 Account expires                                         : never
13728 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13729 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13730 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13731 root@tjener:~#
13732 </pre></blockquote>
13733
13734 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13735 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13736 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13737 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13738 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13739 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13740
13741 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13742 intended:</p>
13743
13744 <blockquote><pre>
13745 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13746 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13747 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13748 Password expires                                        : never
13749 Password inactive                                       : never
13750 Account expires                                         : never
13751 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13752 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13753 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13754 root@tjener:~#
13755 </pre></blockquote>
13756
13757 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13758 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13759 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13760
13761 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13762 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13763
13764 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13765 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13766
13767 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13768 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13769 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13770 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13771 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13772 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13773 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13774
13775 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13776 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13777 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13778 change.</p>
13779
13780       </div>
13781       <div class="tags">
13782
13783
13784         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13785
13786
13787       </div>
13788     </div>
13789     <div class="padding"></div>
13790
13791     <div class="entry">
13792       <div class="title">
13793         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
13794       </div>
13795       <div class="date">
13796         28th April 2010
13797       </div>
13798       <div class="body">
13799         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
13800 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
13801 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
13802 and go.</p>
13803
13804 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
13805 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
13806 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
13807 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
13808
13809 <ul>
13810
13811  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
13812    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
13813    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
13814    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
13815    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
13816    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
13817    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
13818    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
13819    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
13820    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
13821    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
13822    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
13823
13824  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
13825    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
13826    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
13827    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
13828    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13829    or the Fedora developed
13830    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
13831    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
13832
13833  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
13834    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
13835    directory, using unison.</li>
13836
13837  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
13838    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
13839    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
13840    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
13841    implemented.</li>
13842
13843  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
13844    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
13845
13846  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
13847    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
13848    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
13849
13850 </ul>
13851
13852 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
13853 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
13854 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
13855 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
13856 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
13857 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
13858 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
13859 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
13860 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
13861
13862 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13863 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13864
13865       </div>
13866       <div class="tags">
13867
13868
13869         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13870
13871
13872       </div>
13873     </div>
13874     <div class="padding"></div>
13875
13876     <div class="entry">
13877       <div class="title">
13878         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
13879       </div>
13880       <div class="date">
13881         14th April 2010
13882       </div>
13883       <div class="body">
13884         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
13885 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
13886 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
13887 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
13888 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
13889 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
13890 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
13891 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
13892 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
13893
13894 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
13895 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
13896 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
13897 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
13898 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
13899
13900 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
13901 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
13902
13903 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
13904 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
13905 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
13906 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
13907 to work properly.</p>
13908
13909 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
13910 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
13911 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
13912 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
13913 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
13914 time.</p>
13915
13916 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
13917 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
13918 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
13919 up in a few days.</p>
13920
13921       </div>
13922       <div class="tags">
13923
13924
13925         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13926
13927
13928       </div>
13929     </div>
13930     <div class="padding"></div>
13931
13932     <div class="entry">
13933       <div class="title">
13934         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
13935       </div>
13936       <div class="date">
13937          6th March 2010
13938       </div>
13939       <div class="body">
13940         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
13941 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
13942 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
13943 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
13944 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
13945 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
13946
13947 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
13948 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
13949 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
13950 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
13951
13952 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
13953 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
13954 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
13955 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
13956 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
13957 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
13958
13959       </div>
13960       <div class="tags">
13961
13962
13963         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13964
13965
13966       </div>
13967     </div>
13968     <div class="padding"></div>
13969
13970     <div class="entry">
13971       <div class="title">
13972         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
13973       </div>
13974       <div class="date">
13975         11th February 2010
13976       </div>
13977       <div class="body">
13978         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
13979 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
13980 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
13981 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
13982 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
13983 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
13984 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
13985
13986 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
13987
13988 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
13989 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
13990 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
13991 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
13992
13993       </div>
13994       <div class="tags">
13995
13996
13997         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13998
13999
14000       </div>
14001     </div>
14002     <div class="padding"></div>
14003
14004     <div class="entry">
14005       <div class="title">
14006         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
14007       </div>
14008       <div class="date">
14009         27th January 2010
14010       </div>
14011       <div class="body">
14012         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
14013 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
14014 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
14015 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
14016 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
14017 further.</p>
14018
14019 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
14020 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
14021 configured to be a server for the
14022 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
14023 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
14024 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
14025 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
14026 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
14027 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
14028 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
14029 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
14030 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
14031 and Nagios configuration.</p>
14032
14033 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
14034 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
14035 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
14036 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
14037
14038 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
14039 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
14040 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
14041 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
14042 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
14043 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
14044 the machine.</p>
14045
14046 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
14047 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
14048 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
14049 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
14050
14051 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
14052 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
14053 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
14054 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
14055 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
14056 everything is taken care of.</p>
14057
14058       </div>
14059       <div class="tags">
14060
14061
14062         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
14063
14064
14065       </div>
14066     </div>
14067     <div class="padding"></div>
14068
14069     <div class="entry">
14070       <div class="title">
14071         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
14072       </div>
14073       <div class="date">
14074         17th December 2009
14075       </div>
14076       <div class="body">
14077         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
14078 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
14079 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
14080 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
14081 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
14082 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
14083 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
14084 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
14085 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
14086 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
14087 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
14088 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
14089 til å arrangere
14090 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
14091 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
14092 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
14093 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
14094 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
14095 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
14096 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
14097 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
14098 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
14099 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
14100 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
14101 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
14102 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
14103 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
14104 Resten er historie. :)</p>
14105
14106       </div>
14107       <div class="tags">
14108
14109
14110         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14111
14112
14113       </div>
14114     </div>
14115     <div class="padding"></div>
14116
14117     <div class="entry">
14118       <div class="title">
14119         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
14120       </div>
14121       <div class="date">
14122          2nd November 2009
14123       </div>
14124       <div class="body">
14125         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
14126 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
14127 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
14128 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
14129 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
14130 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
14131 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
14132 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
14133 hjertelig velkommen til
14134 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
14135 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
14136
14137 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
14138 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
14139 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
14140 GNU.</blockquote>
14141
14142       </div>
14143       <div class="tags">
14144
14145
14146         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14147
14148
14149       </div>
14150     </div>
14151     <div class="padding"></div>
14152
14153     <div class="entry">
14154       <div class="title">
14155         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
14156       </div>
14157       <div class="date">
14158         29th March 2009
14159       </div>
14160       <div class="body">
14161         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
14162 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
14163 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
14164 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
14165 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
14166 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
14167 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
14168 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
14169 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
14170 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
14171 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
14172 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
14173 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
14174 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
14175 now. :)</p>
14176
14177       </div>
14178       <div class="tags">
14179
14180
14181         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14182
14183
14184       </div>
14185     </div>
14186     <div class="padding"></div>
14187
14188     <div class="entry">
14189       <div class="title">
14190         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
14191       </div>
14192       <div class="date">
14193         29th March 2009
14194       </div>
14195       <div class="body">
14196         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
14197 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
14198 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
14199 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
14200 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
14201 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
14202
14203 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
14204 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14205 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14206 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14207 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14208 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14209 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14210 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14211 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14212 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14213 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14214 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14215 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14216
14217 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14218 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14219 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14220 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14221
14222 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14223 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14224
14225 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14226 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14227 new IETF work group?</p>
14228
14229       </div>
14230       <div class="tags">
14231
14232
14233         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14234
14235
14236       </div>
14237     </div>
14238     <div class="padding"></div>
14239
14240     <div class="entry">
14241       <div class="title">
14242         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14243       </div>
14244       <div class="date">
14245         15th February 2009
14246       </div>
14247       <div class="body">
14248         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14249 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14250 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14251 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14252 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14253 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14254 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14255 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14256 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14257 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14258 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14259 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14260
14261       </div>
14262       <div class="tags">
14263
14264
14265         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14266
14267
14268       </div>
14269     </div>
14270     <div class="padding"></div>
14271
14272     <div class="entry">
14273       <div class="title">
14274         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14275       </div>
14276       <div class="date">
14277         26th December 2008
14278       </div>
14279       <div class="body">
14280         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14281 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14282 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14283 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14284 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14285 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14286 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14287 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14288 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14289 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14290 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14291 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14292 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14293 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14294
14295 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14296 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14297 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14298 og
14299 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14300 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14301 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14302 stavekontrollen.</p>
14303
14304       </div>
14305       <div class="tags">
14306
14307
14308         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14309
14310
14311       </div>
14312     </div>
14313     <div class="padding"></div>
14314
14315     <div class="entry">
14316       <div class="title">
14317         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14318       </div>
14319       <div class="date">
14320          7th December 2008
14321       </div>
14322       <div class="body">
14323         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14324 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14325 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14326 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14327 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14328 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14329 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14330 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14331
14332 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14333 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14334 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14335 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14336 of these cards.</p>
14337
14338       </div>
14339       <div class="tags">
14340
14341
14342         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14343
14344
14345       </div>
14346     </div>
14347     <div class="padding"></div>
14348
14349     <div class="entry">
14350       <div class="title">
14351         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14352       </div>
14353       <div class="date">
14354         25th November 2008
14355       </div>
14356       <div class="body">
14357         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14358 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14359 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14360 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14361 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14362 notes are available on
14363 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14364 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14365 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14366 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14367 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14368 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14369 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14370 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14371 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14372
14373 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14374 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14375
14376       </div>
14377       <div class="tags">
14378
14379
14380         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14381
14382
14383       </div>
14384     </div>
14385     <div class="padding"></div>
14386
14387     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14388     <div id="sidebar">
14389
14390
14391
14392 <h2>Archive</h2>
14393 <ul>
14394
14395 <li>2015
14396 <ul>
14397
14398 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14399
14400 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14401
14402 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
14403
14404 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14405
14406 </ul></li>
14407
14408 <li>2014
14409 <ul>
14410
14411 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14412
14413 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14414
14415 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14416
14417 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14418
14419 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14420
14421 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14422
14423 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14424
14425 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14426
14427 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14428
14429 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14430
14431 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14432
14433 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
14434
14435 </ul></li>
14436
14437 <li>2013
14438 <ul>
14439
14440 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14441
14442 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14443
14444 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14445
14446 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14447
14448 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14449
14450 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14451
14452 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14453
14454 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14455
14456 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14457
14458 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14459
14460 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14461
14462 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14463
14464 </ul></li>
14465
14466 <li>2012
14467 <ul>
14468
14469 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14470
14471 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14472
14473 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14474
14475 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14476
14477 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14478
14479 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14480
14481 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14482
14483 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14484
14485 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14486
14487 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14488
14489 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14490
14491 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14492
14493 </ul></li>
14494
14495 <li>2011
14496 <ul>
14497
14498 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14499
14500 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14501
14502 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14503
14504 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14505
14506 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14507
14508 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14509
14510 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14511
14512 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14513
14514 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14515
14516 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14517
14518 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14519
14520 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14521
14522 </ul></li>
14523
14524 <li>2010
14525 <ul>
14526
14527 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14528
14529 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14530
14531 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14532
14533 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14534
14535 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14536
14537 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14538
14539 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14540
14541 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14542
14543 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14544
14545 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14546
14547 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14548
14549 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14550
14551 </ul></li>
14552
14553 <li>2009
14554 <ul>
14555
14556 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14557
14558 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14559
14560 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14561
14562 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14563
14564 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14565
14566 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14567
14568 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14569
14570 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14571
14572 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14573
14574 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14575
14576 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14577
14578 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14579
14580 </ul></li>
14581
14582 <li>2008
14583 <ul>
14584
14585 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14586
14587 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14588
14589 </ul></li>
14590
14591 </ul>
14592
14593
14594
14595 <h2>Tags</h2>
14596 <ul>
14597
14598  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14599
14600  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14601
14602  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14603
14604  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14605
14606  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14607
14608  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (15)</a></li>
14609
14610  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14611
14612  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14613
14614  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (109)</a></li>
14615
14616  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (152)</a></li>
14617
14618  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14619
14620  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14621
14622  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (13)</a></li>
14623
14624  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14625
14626  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (274)</a></li>
14627
14628  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
14629
14630  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14631
14632  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (15)</a></li>
14633
14634  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
14635
14636  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (14)</a></li>
14637
14638  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (42)</a></li>
14639
14640  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14641
14642  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14643
14644  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14645
14646  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14647
14648  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14649
14650  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14651
14652  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14653
14654  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (32)</a></li>
14655
14656  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (260)</a></li>
14657
14658  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (176)</a></li>
14659
14660  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (16)</a></li>
14661
14662  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14663
14664  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (51)</a></li>
14665
14666  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (83)</a></li>
14667
14668  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14669
14670  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14671
14672  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14673
14674  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14675
14676  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14677
14678  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14679
14680  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14681
14682  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14683
14684  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14685
14686  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14687
14688  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14689
14690  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (46)</a></li>
14691
14692  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14693
14694  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14695
14696  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (30)</a></li>
14697
14698  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
14699
14700  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
14701
14702  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14703
14704  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (50)</a></li>
14705
14706  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14707
14708  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (35)</a></li>
14709
14710 </ul>
14711
14712
14713     </div>
14714     <p style="text-align: right">
14715  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14716 </p>
14717
14718   </body>
14719 </html>